The rapid growth of information technology has driven digital transformation in various sectors, including micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), the backbone of the Indonesian economy. In response to the challenges and opportunities of digitalization, the Surabaya City Government launched the Peken e-commerce platform on October 31, 2021. This platform aims to help MSMEs market their products online, expand market reach, and increase competitiveness. However, the use of digital systems also presents new challenges, particularly in terms of cybersecurity. Dependence on technology opens the door to various threats that can compromise data confidentiality, integrity, and availability. This study aims to analyze and evaluate information security risks on the Peken Surabaya website using a risk management approach based on the ISO/IEC 27005:2019 standard. The analysis method involves identifying information assets, recognizing potential threats, identifying vulnerabilities, and assessing risk levels based on the likelihood of occurrence and impact. To support the analysis, technical testing was also conducted using the Open Web Application Security Project Zed Attack Proxy (OWASP ZAP) tool. The research results indicate that most of the risks faced by Peken Surabaya are moderate to very high. These risks include Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, user data leaks, and the lack of a two-factor authentication (2FA) system. Based on these findings, a risk management strategy was developed using the Risk Modification, Risk Sharing, Risk Retention, and Risk Avoidance approaches. Furthermore, this study recommends security controls based on ISO/IEC 27005 and OWASP Top 10 to enhance system protection. These findings emphasize the importance of implementing international standards-based risk management in maintaining the continuity and security of digital public services, particularly those supporting the MSME sector in the digital era.

This study aims to determine the effect of adding EM4 probiotics in various doses to commercial feed on the growth of jatimbulan tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L). Probiotics are known to play a role in increasing digestive efficiency, nutrient absorption, and maintaining the health of the fish's digestive tract, so they are expected to support optimal growth. The research method used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments, namely: P0 (control/without probiotics), P1 (5 ml EM4/kg feed), P2 (7 ml EM4/kg feed), and P3 (11 ml EM4/kg feed), each with four replications. The parameters observed were the growth in length and weight of jatimbulan tilapia during the maintenance period. The results showed that the administration of EM4 probiotics at certain doses was able to provide a significant effect on the growth of tilapia compared to the control treatment. Treatment P2 (7 ml/kg feed) provided the best growth results compared to other doses, both in terms of increasing length and body weight. Meanwhile, administering probiotic doses that are too low (P1) or too high (P3) tends to be less effective in supporting optimal growth. This is thought to be due to the disruption of the microbial balance in the digestive tract when the probiotic dosage is incorrect. This research provides useful information for Jatimbulan tilapia cultivation practices, particularly regarding the use of probiotics to increase growth efficiency. Using the correct probiotic dosage can be a strategy to increase the productivity and sustainability of freshwater fish farming.
 

This study explores the impact of organizational commitment, rewards, and punishment on employee performance at Perum DAMRI Bandar Lampung, a branch of the state-owned enterprise specializing in land transportation services for passengers and cargo. The research arises from the necessity to improve employee performance by leveraging both internal and external motivational factors, including employee loyalty, reward systems, and disciplinary actions. Using a quantitative research design, data were collected through a structured survey distributed to 168 active employees of the organization. The collected data were then analyzed using multiple linear regression through SPSS version 24. The study found that organizational commitment and rewards have a significant and positive influence on employee performance. These findings support the proposed hypotheses and highlight the importance of fostering employee loyalty and implementing an effective reward system to boost performance outcomes. In contrast, the analysis revealed that punishment does not have a significant positive effect on employee performance. This suggests that punitive measures alone may not be effective in encouraging desired work behaviors or improving overall performance. Based on these findings, it is recommended that Perum DAMRI Bandar Lampung prioritize initiatives that strengthen organizational commitment and develop a fair, transparent, and performance-based reward system. Such efforts are likely to enhance employee motivation and productivity. Additionally, the current approach to punishment should be critically evaluated to determine its role and effectiveness in supporting performance goals. A more constructive disciplinary framework may be needed to align with modern human resource management practices. This study contributes to the broader understanding of performance management in state-owned enterprises, especially in the transportation sector.

The Cargo oil pump is one of the auxiliary units on board a ship, used to transfer cargo from one location to another during loading and unloading operations. On the MT?Pangrango vessel, an issue occurred with the cargo oil pump: its performance declined, resulting in slow suction during the unloading process. This problem hindered efficient cargo operations, as the pump was not functioning properly.This study aims to identify the contributing factors, impacts, and countermeasures for the decreased performance of the cargo oil pump. The research methodology applied in this thesis involved a descriptive approach combined with Miles and Huberman’s analytical method, with data validity tested via triangulation. Data collection techniques used to identify the problem included observation, interviews, documentation, and literature review.The results revealed that the pump’s shaft was worn due to excessive friction, and the ball bearing s exhibited wear and disintegration caused by lack of lubrication (grease). The recommended corrective actions were to add material to the shaft , perform realignment to correct any shaft misalignment, and implement routine maintenance—specifically, monthly grease lubrication. These measures, when properly applied, can significantly reduce the risk of Cargo oil pump damage.

This study aims to elucidate the underlying factors driving Japan’s cooperation with Myanmar during the humanitarian crisis following the military coup. This study aims to uncover Japan’s unexpressed interests in maintaining its relationship with Myanmar, particularly as Japan becomes increasingly criticized. By applying rational choice theory, which is based on calculating the cost and benefit of each policy option, in addition to the logic of Neoclassical Realism to incorporate the interpretation of domestic institutions such as corporate interest and public opinion, it contains the rational choice dimensions of why Japan decided to adopt hedging strategy in Myanmar. The study employs a qualitative case study methodology incorporating process tracing to chart the evolution of Japan’s Southeast Asia policy through analysis of primary Ministry of Foreign Affairs documents, Official Development Assistance (ODA) data, and policymakers’ public speeches. The results provide evidence that Japan values long-term benefits in terms of resource access and strategic leverage to counterbalance China’s influence in Southeast Asia, while minimizing its reputational costs through limitations on direct assistance to the Tatmadaw. Moreover, the survey’s findings also suggest that, following the coup, boundedly rational decision-making under conditions of limited information led Japan not to impose humanitarian sanctions but to opt for a mixture of economic engagement and soft balancing. This research fills a gap in literature by demonstrating how state actors engage in rationalist calculations and thereby manage the tension between human values and national interests.Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap minat Jepang yang tidak diungkapkan untuk menjaga hubungannya dengan Myanmar, khususnya, karena Jepang menjadi lebih dikritik. Dengan menerapkan teori pilihan rasional, yang didasarkan pada perhitungan biaya dan manfaat dalam setiap opsi kebijakan, selain logika Realisme Neoklasik untuk memasukkan interpretasi tentang institusi domestik seperti kepentingan perusahaan dan opini publik, ini mengandung dimensi pilihan rasional mengapa Jepang memutuskan untuk mengadopsi strategi lindung nilai di Myanmar. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah studi kasus kualitatif dengan penelusuran proses yang digunakan untuk melacak perkembangan kebijakan Jepang yang ditujukan untuk Asia Timur dan Tenggara, dengan menganalisis dokumen kebijakan primer dari Kementerian Luar Negeri Jepang, data Bantuan Pembangunan Resmi (ODA), dan pidato publik yang dibuat oleh pembuat kebijakan. Hasilnya memberikan bukti bahwa Jepang menghargai manfaat jangka panjang dalam hal akses sumber daya dan pengaruh strategis untuk mengimbangi pengaruh Tiongkok di Asia Tenggara sambil meminimalkan biaya reputasinya melalui pembatasan bantuan langsung kepada Tatmadaw. Selain itu, temuan survei juga menunjukkan bahwa setelah kudeta, pengambilan keputusan yang sangat rasional dalam kondisi informasi terbatas membuat Jepang tidak menjatuhkan sanksi kemanusiaan, tetapi memilih campuran keterlibatan ekonomi dan penyeimbangan halus. Penelitian ini mengisi celah dalam literatur dengan menunjukkan bagaimana aktor negara terlibat dalam perhitungan rasionalis dan dengan demikian menangani ketegangan antara nilai-nilai kemanusiaan dan kepentingan nasional.

This study aims to describe the empowerment strategy of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) implemented by the Kebab Kenzatha MSME operating in Bukittinggi City. The background of this study is based on the important role of MSMEs in driving the local economy, particularly in creating jobs, increasing community income, and strengthening the domestic economic structure. MSME empowerment is a vital strategy in ensuring the sustainability and competitiveness of small and medium enterprises amidst increasingly competitive market competition. There are various dimensions in MSME empowerment, such as strengthening the capacity of individual business actors, increasing access to markets, access to capital, utilization of technology, and adequate policy or institutional support. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. This method was chosen because it is considered most appropriate to comprehensively and objectively describe the various empowerment strategies that have been or are being implemented by MSME actors, particularly Kebab Kenzatha. Through observation and in-depth interviews with MSME owners, researchers obtained information about business activities and marketing strategies implemented. Based on the results of observations, it is known that the Kebab Kenzatha MSME is still managed independently by its owner without the involvement of employees or additional labor. This indicates that its organizational structure is still very simple. Meanwhile, in terms of marketing strategy, this MSME utilizes its closest social networks, such as friends of the business owner and students at Campus V of Padang State University (UNP), as its primary target market. This approach reflects a marketing strategy based on social relationships and word-of-mouth promotion, commonly employed by MSMEs with limited resources. Therefore, the empowerment of the Kebab Kenzatha MSME is still in its early stages and requires further support for optimal long-term development.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi komunikasi Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) dalam meningkatkan brand awareness melalui program kunjungan industri di PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Divisi Bogasari Flour Mills. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan paradigma post-positivisme. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan staf Public Relations yang terlibat dalam perencanaan dan pelaksanaan program CSR, observasi langsung terhadap pelaksanaan program, serta dokumentasi terkait kegiatan CSR dan materi promosi yang digunakan. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori Fungsional dari Randy Hirokawa, yang menganalisis proses pembentukan strategi komunikasi dalam kelompok secara sistematis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program kunjungan industri sebagai bagian dari CSR mampu memberikan edukasi langsung kepada masyarakat dan konsumen potensial, meningkatkan pemahaman dan kedekatan publik terhadap brand Bogasari, dengan fokus pada produknya. Strategi komunikasi yang digunakan oleh Public Relations Bogasari bersifat dua arah dan partisipatif, bertujuan untuk memperkuat top of mind awareness terhadap produk mereka. Kreativitas dan dampak menjadi acuan utama dalam membentuk strategi komunikasi yang efektif untuk meningkatkan brand awareness.This study aims to analyze the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) communication strategy in increasing brand awareness through the industrial visit program at PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Bogasari Flour Mills Division. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a post-positivist paradigm. Data collection techniques include in-depth interviews with Public Relations staff involved in the planning and implementation of the CSR program, direct observation of the program's execution, and documentation of related CSR activities and promotional materials. The theory used is Randy Hirokawa's Functional Theory, which analyzes the process of forming communication strategies within groups systematically. The research findings show that the industrial visit program, as part of the CSR strategy, effectively educates the public and potential consumers, enhancing understanding and connection to the Bogasari brand, focusing on its products. The communication strategy employed by Bogasari's Public Relations is two-way and participatory, aimed at strengthening top-of-mind awareness of their products. Creativity and impact are the main references in developing effective communication strategies to increase brand awareness.

This article explores the strategic efforts of the General Elections Commission (KPU) in preparing for the 2024 Regional Elections (Pilkada), with a focus on improving procedures and preventing issues experienced in previous elections. Using a literature review method with a narrative synthesis approach, the study analyses data from credible databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, and Science Direct. Findings highlight that political education initiatives, such as the “KPU Goes to School” and “KPU Goes to Campus” programs, play a critical role in fostering early political awareness and boosting participation among first-time voters. The KPU's supervision strategy encompasses internal monitoring and close coordination with the Election Supervisory Body (Bawaslu) to address violations and maintain electoral integrity. In East Java, particular emphasis is placed on validating voter data due to the region's size and complexity. Furthermore, participatory programs and technology-based innovations are employed to enhance transparency and uphold the credibility of the electoral process. The study concludes that the KPU's comprehensive oversight, strategic collaboration with Bawaslu, and active public engagement are fundamental in ensuring a fair, transparent, and dignified 2024 Pilkada. These efforts collectively strengthen the democratic process and contribute to more accountable local governance in Indonesia.Artikel ini mengeksplorasi upaya strategis Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU) dalam mempersiapkan Pemilihan Umum Kepala Daerah (Pilkada) 2024, dengan fokus pada perbaikan prosedur dan pencegahan masalah yang dialami pada pilkada sebelumnya. Menggunakan metode tinjauan literatur dengan pendekatan sintesis naratif, studi ini menganalisis data dari basis data kredibel seperti Google Scholar, Scopus, dan Science Direct. Temuan menyoroti bahwa inisiatif pendidikan politik-seperti program “KPU Masuk Sekolah” dan “KPU Masuk Kampus”-memainkan peran penting dalam menumbuhkan kesadaran politik sejak dini dan meningkatkan partisipasi di kalangan pemilih pemula. Strategi pengawasan KPU mencakup pengawasan internal dan koordinasi erat dengan Badan Pengawas Pemilu (Bawaslu) untuk mengatasi pelanggaran dan menjaga integritas pemilu. Di Jawa Timur, penekanan khusus diberikan pada validasi data pemilih karena ukuran dan kompleksitas wilayahnya. Selain itu, program partisipatif dan inovasi berbasis teknologi digunakan untuk meningkatkan transparansi dan menegakkan kredibilitas proses pemilu. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pengawasan komprehensif KPU, kolaborasi strategis dengan Bawaslu, dan pelibatan publik secara aktif sangat penting untuk memastikan Pilkada 2024 yang adil, transparan, dan bermartabat. Upaya-upaya ini secara kolektif memperkuat proses demokrasi dan berkontribusi pada tata kelola pemerintahan daerah yang lebih akuntabel di Indonesia.

Interpersonal communication is a critical element in building and maintaining the quality of same-gender friendships, particularly among university students. These friendships are often misunderstood, with assumptions that they are linked to sexual orientation. This study examines the role of love language in interpersonal communication through five key dimensions: openness, empathy, supportive behavior, positive attitude, and equality, and how these dimensions influence same-gender friendships. A qualitative approach was used, involving in-depth interviews with four pairs of informants at Garut University, all students aged 18-25 who have been friends for at least two years. Data validity was ensured through source and method triangulation, with input from experts in communication and psychology to enrich the analysis. The results show that the dimensions of openness, empathy, supportiveness, positivity, and equality are fundamental in fostering emotional connections and improving the overall quality of friendships. These dimensions contribute to stronger bonds of trust, empathy, and mutual support, which are essential for maintaining harmonious and meaningful relationships. The study concludes that effective and honest communication, especially empathy and openness, is key to sustaining healthy same-gender friendships. It also encourages further research into the role of communication in diverse social relationships and highlights the importance of continually developing communication skills to nurture and strengthen interpersonal relationships.Komunikasi interpersonal merupakan elemen penting dalam membangun dan mempertahankan kualitas persahabatan sesama jenis, khususnya di kalangan mahasiswa. Persahabatan ini sering kali disalahpahami, dengan anggapan bahwa hal tersebut berkaitan dengan orientasi seksual. Penelitian ini menganalisis peran bahasa cinta dalam komunikasi interpersonal melalui lima dimensi utama: keterbukaan, empati, perilaku mendukung, sikap positif, dan kesetaraan, serta bagaimana dimensi-dimensi ini mempengaruhi persahabatan sesama jenis. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan, dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam dengan empat pasangan informan di Universitas Garut, yang semuanya merupakan mahasiswa berusia 18-25 tahun yang telah berteman selama minimal dua tahun. Validitas data melalui triangulasi sumber dan metode, dengan masukan dari para ahli komunikasi dan psikologi untuk memperkaya analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dimensi keterbukaan, empati, dukungan, sikap positif, dan kesetaraan sangat penting dalam memperkuat hubungan emosional dan meningkatkan kualitas persahabatan. Dimensi-dimensi ini berkontribusi pada ikatan kepercayaan, empati, dan saling mendukung, yang esensial untuk mempertahankan hubungan yang harmonis dan bermakna. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa komunikasi yang jujur dan empatik, terutama keterbukaan dan empati, adalah kunci untuk mempertahankan persahabatan sesama jenis yang sehat. Penelitian ini juga mendorong eksplorasi lebih lanjut mengenai peran komunikasi dalam berbagai konteks hubungan sosial dan menekankan pentingnya pengembangan keterampilan komunikasi yang terus-menerus untuk memperkuat hubungan interpersonal.

Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan meningkatkan pengalaman belajar dan bermain anak usia dini kisaran 5-6 tahun di KB/TK Darussalam P4A Semarang yang memiliki keterbatasan ruang. Melalui metode Pendidikan Masyarakat, kami merancang dan mengimplementasikan permainan edukatif "Plastic Rush" dan "Motoric Wall". Uji coba langsung menunjukkan respon positif dari anak-anak dan guru, menegaskan efektivitas permainan sebagai strategi pembelajaran. Kegiatan ini berhasil memberikan pelatihan dan penyuluhan praktis yang meningkatkan kualitas interaksi bermain dan belajar.