Pasta dough, or fresh pasta, is a flour-based food product that is popular globally but has limitations in shelf life. This study aims to develop an innovative pasta dough by adding kluwek (Pangium edule), a local Indonesian ingredient, to enhance flavor, texture, aroma, and color. Kluwek was chosen due to its bioactive compounds, such as tannins, healthy fats, and minerals, as well as its potential as a natural flavor enhancer (umami) and preservative. This experimental study used variations of kluwek addition (8%, 10%, 12%) to the basic pasta dough (wheat flour, egg, salt). Data were collected through organoleptic tests by 30 panelists (trained and semi-trained) to evaluate color, aroma, taste, texture, and overall preference, as well as laboratory tests for proximate analysis (moisture, protein, fat, fiber, ash, carbohydrates, and tannins). The organoleptic test results showed that the 12% kluwek concentration produced pasta with a moderately brown color (score: 3.10), a moderate aroma (3.07), a sufficiently savory taste (3.03), and a chewy texture (3.43), which was significantly preferred over the 8% and 10% concentrations (p<0.05). Proximate analysis revealed superior nutritional content, including protein (13.80%), healthy fats (5.10%), fiber (2.05%), and tannins (0.41%). The moisture (24.05%) and ash (0.31%) levels met the SNI 3551:2015 standard for fresh pasta. In conclusion, the addition of 12% kluwek produces pasta with acceptable sensory properties and higher nutritional value. This innovation not only enriches the diversification of locally sourced pasta products but also opens opportunities for the commercialization of functional foods. Recommendations for further research include shelf-life stability testing, cyanide residue toxicity assessment, and formulation optimization with other additives.
 

This research aims to analyze the application of Croissant processing in Pastry & Bakery Section of Ciputra World Hotel Surabaya. This stage starts from weighing the ingredients, mixing the dough, making lamination, cutting the dough, proofing, baking, and serving croisaant. The focus of the research was on the processing stages of lamination formation using single fold 3 times and producing 27 clearly visible thin layers. The research method involved observation, interview, and structured questionnaire with eight respondents (pastry chef, CDP pastry, demi chef, commis, daily worker, trainee). Results showed the majority of respondents rated the selection of raw materials, control of kneading temperature, resting of dough, and number of laminations as “Good” to “Very Good,” although there is a need for improvement in the understanding of temperature control. The processing process includes ingredient preparation, dough making (gluten development, elasticity), lamination forming (folding and rolling with butter), dough shaping, proofing (final fermentation for volume), and baking, Presentation involves visual double check, test panel, as well as cleanliness of equipment for safety.
 

This study investigates how data visualization helps retail companies make Business Intelligence (BI)-based decisions. The study processed one year of sales data with a quantitative descriptive approach to find seasonal patterns, performance by region, and customer consumption tendencies. The analysis results show that BI software such as Microsoft Power BI can visualize data more easily and accelerate understanding of business performance. Strategic decisions such as promotional planning and product inventory management are more effective with interactive visualization, which allows decision makers to see data in a more understandable way. The study found that data visualization in BI systems can help retail businesses make better decisions. These results show the importance of incorporating BI into a company's operational processes and using interactive visualization to improve overall business performance.

The ethics of the teaching profession are the main pillars in the implementation of Islamic education with character. The transformation of professional ethics does not only concern the scientific and professional aspects, but also the spiritual, moral, and social dimensions. This study aims to examine the role of the transformation of the ethics of the teaching profession in shaping the character of students based on Islamic values. The research method used is a literature study with a descriptive qualitative approach. The results of the study indicate that the transformation of the ethics of the teaching profession involves increasing integrity, moral responsibility, sincerity in teaching, and exemplary behavior that is sourced from Islamic teachings. The implementation of this ethics consistently can create Islamic education that is not only intellectually intelligent, but also has a strong and religious character.
 

Herbal Tea Bag Product Made from Chinese Betel Leaf with Combination of Lemongrass and Cardamom. This research aims to: 1) investigate the organoleptic properties of herbal tea bags made from Chinese betel leaf combined with lemongrass and cardamom, and 2) assess the sensory quality of the product through hedonic testing. This experimental study employed an observational method using a sensory evaluation panel consisting of 35 members (5 experts and 30 semi-trained panelists). Data were collected using a questionnaire. The independent variables were the proportion of Chinese betel leaf (2g, 4g, and 6g) and the addition of lemongrass and cardamom (2g) with temperature variations (40°C and 60°C) for 4 hours. The dependent variables were the sensory qualities, including shape, color, aroma, taste, and texture. The control variables included the type of materials, equipment, and processing techniques. Data analysis was performed using two-way anava and Duncan's multiple range test. The results showed that: 1) the proportion of Chinese betel leaf affected the shape and taste, 2) the drying temperature affected the color, taste, and texture, and 3) there was no interaction between the proportion of Chinese betel leaf and the addition of lemongrass and cardamom on the sensory quality of the herbal tea bags.

The objective of this study is to depict teacher competence in creating educational materials within the independent curriculum at primary schools. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach and utilizes both primary and secondary data sources. Data gathering methods consist of observations and interviews. The outcomes of the study of the research can be found that teacher competence in compiling learning tools in the independent curriculum can be described through five aspects, namely: 1) The teacher's knowledge aspect which discusses teaching ability and mastery of the material. 2) Aspects of teacher skills related to student interaction and involvement in preparing learning tools and their learning styles. 3) Attitude and behavioral aspects where the role of the teacher is crucial in establishing an effective and conducive learning atmosphere and is able to facilitate the student learning process. 4) The context aspect is associated with enhancing teacher professionalism and the use of technology as a learning support tool. 5) The evaluation aspect is related to developing student assessments and measuring understanding with rubric assessments.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis kerangka hukum yang mengatur perlindungan anak serta tanggung jawab pelaku kekerasan seksual. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif, dengan pendekatan konseptual. Teknik analisis data dilakukan melalui kajian pustaka dan analisis dokumen hukum yang relevan, yang bertujuan untuk menggali dan memahami norma-norma hukum yang ada terkait perlindungan anak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun ada berbagai peraturan yang mengatur tentang perlindungan anak, penerapan hukum masih menghadapi beberapa kendala. Salah satunya adalah kurangnya kesadaran serta edukasi tentang hak-hak anak yang seharusnya diketahui oleh masyarakat luas. Selain itu, stigma yang ada dalam masyarakat juga menjadi hambatan besar dalam penegakan hukum yang efektif. Kekerasan seksual terhadap anak dapat mengakibatkan dampak psikologis dan fisik yang berkepanjangan, bahkan merusak perkembangan anak dalam jangka panjang. Oleh karena itu, jaminan keamanan bagi korban menjadi hal yang sangat penting dalam sistem peradilan yang adil. Korban harus merasa aman untuk melapor dan mendapatkan dukungan yang memadai, termasuk perlindungan fisik, layanan psikologis, dan jaminan kerahasiaan identitasnya sebagai bentuk dukungan pemulihan selama proses hukum berlangsung. Penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi untuk perbaikan sistem hukum serta perluasan program rehabilitasi bagi korban kekerasan seksual. Diharapkan, hasil penelitian ini dapat memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan dalam penyusunan kebijakan hukum yang lebih efisien dalam melindungi anak-anak dan mencegah pelecehan seksual di masa depan.

In the era of globalization and increasing intensity of competition, public companies in Indonesia are required to develop internal strategies that are able to support sustainability and performance improvement in a sustainable manner. This study aims to analyze the relationship between leadership style, work discipline, and compliance with the principles of good corporate governance (GCG) in companies that are members of the LQ45 index on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The method used is a normative qualitative approach with document study techniques, using secondary data in the form of annual reports, sustainability reports, and related academic literature. The results show that the application of transformational leadership styles, characterized by employee empowerment, innovation, and sustainable motivation, is significantly positively correlated with the implementation of a structured work discipline system and adherence to GCG principles. These findings confirm that the integration between effective leadership and organizational discipline is a strategic foundation in creating an adaptive, competitive, and integrity work culture. This research makes an important contribution to strengthening contemporary management theory and corporate governance practices, as well as becoming a reference for companies in building a superior internal management system.

This research examines the application of International Humanitarian Law in armed conflicts and the involvement of countries in blockades to promote peace. It reveals that Humanitarian Law is enforced through the 1977 Additional Protocol, which governs international and non-international armed conflicts. The study also highlights Israel’s use of retaliatory Cast Lead operations in response to Hamas rocket attacks, which pose a threat to Israeli citizens’ safety. A narrative review is a research method that defines a topic, searches for relevant literature, organizes it, analyzes findings, and presents results in narrative form. It is suitable for broad overviews and provides flexible analysis. The ancient state of Israel, established by Shaul around 1025 BC, faced conflicts with the Palestinian nation, leading to the rise of groups like Fatah, Hamas, and the Palestine Liberation Organization. The Israeli Navy declared a blockade of the Gaza Strip in 2009, but the status of occupation remains questionable. International Humanitarian Law (IHL) is needed to protect victims affected by the conflict, and law enforcement mechanisms include diplomatic settlements, criminal investigations, and warnings. International Humanitarian Law is consistently respected and enforced, despite ongoing breaches, particularly in armed conflicts. Blockades, such as Israel’s infringement on Gaza, have resulted in widespread pain and loss of lives, highlighting the need for a more balanced approach to conflict resolution.