In today’s era, the use of renewable energy is increasingly becoming a major focus in energy increasingly becoming carbon emissions. One of the applications of renewable energy in industrial life is the use of solar panels for street lighting systems, especially on toll road lights that  require continuous and efficient lighting. This study aims to analyze the basic theory of how solar panels work an their application to toll road lights, taking into account energy efficiency, power deviation, and stability of electricity supply. The analysis method is carried out through literature studies and mathematical calculation in the application of solar panels to toll road lights. The result of the analysis show that the solar panle system is able to meet the energy needs of toll road lights, especially in areas with high sunlight intensity. In addition, the use if lithium batteries as energy storage has proven effective in maintaining the stability of electricity supply at night or in cloudy weather

The phenomenon of IAT students who live in boarding houses and often consume fast food encourages the author to conduct this research. The reason is, so that what IAT students understand in lectures towards the meaning of Halal and Tayyib is implemented in everyday life, especially in boarding houses. This research is Descriptive Qualitative research. Data obtained through interviews via Whatshap chat. The research subjects amounted to 9 students consisting of 3 students in each class (A, B, and C). The theory that researchers use is Edmund Husserl's Phenomenology Theory. This theory prioritizes social phenomena to bring up a shared awareness of something. The results of this study indicate that: (1). The understanding of IAT Batch 2023 students towards the meaning of Halal and Tayyib as in the Qur'an is very good. (2) There are various phenomena revealed related to fast food eating patterns of IAT 2023 boarding school students. (3) Fast food or food that is Halal and Tayyib is very influential on student concentration, both short and long term.

The rapid development of digital technology demands adequate computational cognitive abilities, particularly in Informatics subjects at the high school level. However, there is a gap between these demands and students' still-low computational thinking skills. This research aims to develop an effective learning medium to enhance high school students' computational cognitive abilities in Informatics. The research method involved developing virtual reality media using the Millealab platform, accessible via Android devices. The feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness of the media were tested through validation by a media expert (Millealab) and a material expert (Informatics teacher at SMAN 1 Cigombong), as well as trials with teachers. The media expert's validation results showed an average score of 4.44 (very feasible), while the material expert obtained an average score of 3.57 (feasible). Practicality testing by users (teachers and students) achieved an average score of 90.97% (very practical). Effectiveness testing with pretest and posttest demonstrated a significant increase in students' cognitive scores. This research indicates that the developed virtual reality media is highly feasible, very practical, effective, and significant in enhancing students' computational cognitive abilities, especially in the computational thinking element within Informatics subjects. The comprehensive development of this virtual reality-based Informatics learning medium can be an innovative solution to address the gap in students' computational thinking skills, provide an immersive learning experience, and positively contribute to the quality of learning.

This study aimed to develop and evaluate Augmented Reality (AR)-based learning media to enhance students’ cognitive abilities at State Vocational High School (SMK Negeri) 2 Pati, particularly in the subject of Computer Networking and the Internet. The research was motivated by low student achievement in meeting the Minimum Mastery Criteria (KKTP), which was primarily attributed to the continued reliance on traditional teaching methods and low student motivation. A research and development (R&D) approach was employed using the ADDIE model. The resulting AR media is an Android application that integrates text, audio, images, animations, interactive 3D objects, and simulations, and is in accordance with the Merdeka Curriculum. Expert evaluations showed a very high level of feasibility, with ratings of 94% from a subject matter expert and 91% from a media expert. These results were further supported by Aiken’s V index, which indicated very high validity for the material (0.921) and high validity for the media (0.881). A practicality test was conducted, revealing a high level of effectiveness, with a 94% approval rating from both teachers and students. Moreover, a pretest–posttest control group design demonstrated significant progress in learning outcomes. The experimental group achieved an average post-test score of 83.75, significantly higher than the control group’s 73.60. Based on the N-Gain test, the experimental group achieved an average gain of 65.52% (moderately effective), whereas the control group achieved only 38.75% (ineffective). This study contributes to the theories of learning transfer, connectivism, and heutagogy, and offers practical implications for vocational education in adopting innovative technologies. 
 

The teaching of Pancasila and Civic Education (PPKn) in Vocational High Schools (SMK) still faces challenges in delivering material that is engaging and easy to understand. The abstract nature of Pancasila values often makes them difficult to grasp without supportive media. The lack of interactive and digital-based learning media becomes a barrier to meaningful learning. Therefore, this study aims to develop Canva-based interactive learning media within a Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model to improve students’ cognitive abilities in PPKn subjects at SMK.
This research is a type of Research and Development (R&D) using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The developed product is a digital interactive media using Canva, presenting Pancasila content visually, communicatively, and contextually. Validation was conducted by two media experts and three content experts. Practicality was tested through questionnaires to teachers, while effectiveness was evaluated using pretests and posttests in experimental and control classes. The implementation was carried out using a project-based learning approach.
The results show that: (1) the media visualizes Pancasila values effectively and attractively; (2) expert validation confirms its feasibility with media expert CVI at 0.88 (PoA 88%) and content expert CVI at 0.91 (PoA 91%); (3) practicality is in the “very practical” category (average score 93.3%); and (4) effectiveness testing indicates a significant difference (t = 4.727; sig. = 0.000) and higher N-Gain in the experimental class. Therefore, Canva-based interactive media is feasible, practical, and effective for project-based PPKn learning in SMK.

This study aims to test the effectiveness of an e-module based on the Ibis Paint X application in improving learning outcomes of participants in the Technical Drawing material of the Fashion Technology vocational program. The research method uses a quantitative approach with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The instruments used include pre-tests and post-tests, as well as user response questionnaires. Data were analyzed using normality, homogeneity, and N-Gain tests. The results show that the use of the e-module significantly improves the understanding of training participants, with high effectiveness based on the N-Gain test results. Additionally, user responses indicate that the e-module is practical and suitable for use in training. These findings suggest that the integration of the Ibis Paint X application in the e-module supports adaptive and effective digital learning in vocational training environments.
 

This study aims to develop and analyse an e-book as a learning medium in the subject of makeup at SMK Negeri 1 Pekalongan. The focus of the research includes the feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness of the e-book used in the teaching and learning activities. The ADDIE model is employed (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation), with assessment instruments from media experts, subject matter experts, teachers, and students. The results of the feasibility and validity tests show that the e-book is classified as feasible and reliable. The practicality test indicates that the e-book is considered practical by the productive teachers. Using the N-gain method, the effectiveness test shows that the e-book is quite effective in improving students' cognitive abilities and skills in stage makeup. Based on the results, the developed e-book is deemed feasible, practical, and effective for use in learning at SMK Negeri 1 Pekalongan.

A significant challenge in contemporary education is the limited understanding of technical subjects by students, such as the starter system within the Automotive Engineering program. The use of less engaging learning media leads to a decrease in student motivation, which ultimately affects academic performance. This study investigates the impact of an e-module, designed with Flipbook Maker, on student comprehension of the starter system. A quantitative approach was employed, utilizing pretests and posttests, along with surveys distributed to measure changes in understanding and student responses to digital learning media. The collected data was analyzed using simple linear regression through the SPSS software. The study involved a sample of 70 students from the XI grade of the Automotive Engineering program at SMK Negeri 1 Kandeman. The results revealed that the use of the e-module significantly improved student understanding, with a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.469 and an effect size (R Square) of 0.673, indicating that 67.3% of the variance in understanding was explained by the e-module. In conclusion, the e-module effectively enhanced student comprehension of the starter system. Students expressed a preference for digital learning media due to its flexibility in being accessed anytime and anywhere, both online and offline.

An English folksong entitled The Wellerman became popular in Indonesia recently. Therefore, the accuracy and acceptability in folksong were important to be investigated. This paper reported the accuracy and acceptability of English into Indonesian translation in a folksong entitled The Wellerman. This research applied descriptive qualitative method. In addition, this research combined with purposive sampling technique. Nababan translation quality assessment framework was used to investigate the accuracy and acceptability of the folksong. The whole The Wellerman’s lyrics consist of 28 lines which was then assessed by the raters in terms of its accuracy and acceptability. The raters were 2 translators and 1 writer. The raters were purposely chosen to conduct reliable results of the accuracy and acceptability. This study found the average score of the accuracy was 2. 35 with 198 total scores and the average score of the acceptability was 2.48 with 209 total scores. The result indicates that the translation was relatively accurate and acceptable for the raters. However, it needs further improvement to maintain the context of the source text (ST) in the target text (TT) to reach an accuracy and acceptability in The Wellerman folksong. This study implied that it is crucial to maintain the imagery, narration, and the context of folksong translation. 

A teacher’s role involves creating an environment that stimulates and fosters critical thinking skills. One effective approach to promoting vocational values is through integrating mathematics geometry lessons with STEAM-based methods by developing learning modules that serve as independent teaching materials accessible to students. This research aims to design and develop a mathematics geometry learning module for fifth-grade students to instill vocational values. The study follows a Research and Development (R&D) methodology, employing the ADDIE development model. Data collection methods include interviews and questionnaires, analyzed through qualitative and quantitative techniques.The findings demonstrate that the quality of the developed learning module, as validated by five experts; two media specialists from BBPPMPV BOE East Java and three mathematics teachers from Al-YA’LU Excellent Elementary School in Malang meets high standards. Media experts rated the module’s design feasibility with an average score of 3.46, categorized as “highly feasible.” Subject matter experts evaluated the module’s content feasibility with an average score of 3.91 (“highly feasible”), linguistic feasibility at 3.93 (“highly feasible”), and contextual feasibility at 4 (“perfect”).