Dragon fruit plants originating from Central and South America have not been widely cultivated. This plant has only been cultivated intensively in several countries such as: Israel, Colombia, Nicaragua, Vietnam, Thailand, China and Australia. Macroscopic identification showed that the fungi associated with dragon fruit stems had similarities to the colony form of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sp. Trichoderma is known to have antagonistic abilities against pathogenic fungi. Trichoderma is easily found in soil ecosystems and plant roots. The method in this study is a survey method. Determination of the sample using purposive sampling or Judgmental sampling method, namely purposive sampling is a sampling method that selects objects (vines) that are considered attacked or have symptoms of pathogen attack. Trichoderma sp is also tolerant to stress and able to inactivate pathogenic microbial enzymes. In addition, Trichoderma sp. Able to produce enzymes that hydrolyze pathogenic cell walls which will inhibit the synthesis of pathogenic cell walls and increase their fungicidal activity, as a result of which pathogenic fungi experience a decrease in growth rate.

This study aims to reveal the proficiency level of English language skills among first-year students in the Early Childhood Education department at Universitas Negeri Medan. The skills assessed in this study include grammar, reading comprehension, writing proficiency, listening comprehension, and oral communication. This study employed a quantitative research methodology, focusing on first-year students who are enrolled in English language courses. Throughout the research process, the researchers refrained from administering any interventions to the samples. The acquired data from the samples undergoes analysis using descriptive statistics. The analysis indicates that 70% of the students demonstrated proficiency at the A2 level, which corresponds to basic English usage according to the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR). This level corresponds to the English language proficiency of elementary kids. Based on this study, it is necessary to enhance the English language curriculum utilized in the Department of Early Childhood Education to align with the students' English language competence level.

Background of Community Service Activities Because the UMKM Actors of Bina Sejahtera Mandiri in the Bojongsalaman Village, Semarang do not have a branding product strategy, the lack of knowledge of the importance of branding product strategies makes the business running less than optimal. MSMEs only focus on making and selling without thinking about the sustainability of their business for the long term. The problem of consistency in products and services is a number of things that are often experienced by MSME owners. The impact is that consumer loyalty is declining followed by a decrease in sales turnover. Based on these problems, several activities are needed to overcome them. The purpose of community service is to increase understanding of the importance of branding product strategies and determining product branding strategies. The method of implementing community service activities is counseling and training in branding product strategies. The results and outputs resulting from community service include MSMEs can find out the benefits of branding product strategies and can determine branding strategies for the business being run. It is hoped that the branding product strategy can increase consumer loyalty that will increase sales turnover.

This study explores the challenges experienced encountered among basketball players in tournament sports participation. The study employed a descriptive-exploratory case study approach. The researcher used semi-structured interviews and non-participatory observation to collect data from six basketball players who met the researcher's criteria. The finding’s revealed that the participants were challenged during tournament sports participation. The participants pointed out that during sports tournament participation, the participants revealed that some of their struggles were physical restraints, health conditions, such as injuries, not enough resting time, in-game pressure, and lack of communication. Results revealed that the presence of pressure, miscommunication of the team, and health conditions are their highly faced struggles during the game. The findings have proven that the challenges experienced by athletes undeniably affect their performance, which is also influenced by how they perceive situations in a competitive sports environment. This study highlights the importance of addressing both physical and mental health concerns to enhance player performance and team success in competitive sports environments.

This research aims to analyze the potential for water sports tourism on the Cimanuk Parakan River, Sumedang Regency using kayak touring, kayak touring itself is a very interesting sport of course it also tests adrenaline in every activity, the method in this research uses qualitative with tourist participants, area managers local and touring kayak operators, the instrument used was MSPDM (Maketability, Sustainability, Participatory, and Disaster Mitigation) through interviews and data analysis documentation using the Nvivo12 software application. The results obtained from the Nvivo 12 software application are that kayak touring has the potential to be used as a water sports or recreational sports tourist attraction. conclusion from the research title Analysis of the potential for water sports tourism on the Cimanuk Parakan River, Sumedang Regency using kayak touring, it can be concluded that kayak touring is one of the water sports tourism which has the potential to become a sports tourism. because the water in the famous Cimanuk Parakan river will remain stable whether it is rainy or dry because it is accommodated by the Jati Gede Dam, this can raise the name of the Sumedang area and also improve the economy of the community in water sports tourist destinations like a tour.

Pinched nerves are a disease experienced by many people in Indonesia. Most suffer during the productive age period of 30-60 years. Sufferers of a pinched nerve will experience that if a pinched nerve occurs in the lower back, there will be sharp pain in one part of the waist, groin, legs, feet, hips or buttocks, and even numbness in the back of the calf or sole of the foot. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of regular swimming on reducing pain in people with pinched nerves. This research design uses direct demonstration and the sampling technique uses incidental sampling. The results of this study were that there was an effect of regular swimming on reducing pinched nerve pain from an initial VAS score of 8 (controlled severe pain) to 2 (mild pain). The conclusions in this study show a significant increase in pain reduction, which is expected in cases of pinched nerves or HNP and good treatment with regular swimming.

This study aims to determine the location, type, and causes of fencers injuries based on discipline. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. The results showed that on epee fencers, injuries were often experienced at the location of the lower extremity of the thigh 100%, with the type of bruise injury 85.71% and the cause was from intrinsic factors due to wrong movement techniques 57.14%. On sabre  fancers, injuries are often experienced at the location of the lower extremity of the thigh 57.14%, with bruises, cramps, and abrasions 42.84% each and the cause is from intrinsic factors due to lack of warm-up 71.43%. On foil fencers, injuries are often experienced at the location of the lower extremities of the thighs 66.67%, with the types of bruises and cramps each 66.67% and the cause is from intrinsic factors due to lack of warm-up 50%. the conclusion of this study is that of all fencers, injuries are often experienced, namely at the location of the lower extremities of the thighs with the types of bruises and cramps caused by intrinsic factors, namely lack of warm-up. Degen fancers have a higher risk of injury than sabel and floret.

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in student learning is an increasingly relevant issue in the context of modern education. This article outlines the main issues by explaining the challenges and potential of AI in learning. The purpose of this article is to provide acomprehensive understanding of the role of AI in student learning in Indonesia. The research method used is a literature review, which includes the analysis of various sources and perspectives related to theuse of AI in higher education. The data used in this article is information from various literature sources, including research results, scientific articles, and news related to the implementation of AI in education. Examples of AI applications, such as chatbots for academic guidance, online learning systems, and automated assessments, were obtained from these sources. The results of the data analysis show thatthe use of AI in student learning has great potential to improve the quality of education, but it is necessary to pay attention to ethical challenges, the risk of dependency, and the important role of humaninteraction. Solutions such as AI ethics education, strict regulations, and the integration of AI with human interaction become integral parts of the conclusion of this article. In the era of digital transformation, adeep understanding of the role of AI in education, particularly in the context of chatbots for academic guidance, online learning systems, and automated assessments, is key to enhancing the quality of education and preparing students for a technology-driven future. 

Mengkaji an nafs adalah sebuah kajian yg pasti tetap menarik.  Menafsirkan bagian tentang penting, berguna dan juga  fungsinya. Pengertianan nafs banyak yang menuangkan  pendapat dan  variatif sesuai dengan perspektif masing-masing  yg beragam serta latar belakang mereka yang lebih fokus  atas  hal itu. Semantara itu dari sisi lain pemahaman tentang an nafs dimaksud cukup esensial sejalan  dengan keberadaannya didalam diri setiap manusia. Tulisan ini berusaha mengkuliti  pemikiran Al-Kindi, salah seorang tokoh terpepuler dan terkemuka dalam filsafat Islam. Buah pemikiran beliau tentang an nafs akan dikaji dari perspektif filsafat agama. Melalui penelusuran bentuk penelitian kepustakaan dengan pendekatan kualitatif ditemukan bahwa Al-Kindi adalah salah satu  filsuf Islam berkebangsaan Arab pertama yang berhasil mengabungkan atau mepersatukan antara filsafat dan agama.  Baginya filsafat adalah usaha manusia secara sistematis agar  mengetahui kebenaran, sedangkan agama adalah sumber dari  kebenaran itu sendiri. Maka dari  itu wahyu tidak bertentangan  dengan filsafat  Letaknya  jiwa bagi tubuh adalah sebagai  pemberi hidup, sedangkan tubuh adalah hanya sebagai  tumpangan. Jiwa dan tubuh adalah dua komponen yang saling  melengkapi. Jiwa adalah kesempurnaan pertama bagi jism  organik, yang dengannya jisim memiliki kehidupan secara  potensial. Jiwa mengambil peran  kehidupan bagi tubuh, kalau  tidak ada  jiwa maka tubuh tidak dapat merasakan apa-apa, dan  bahkan tubuh akan lenyap dengan sendirinya.

HIV and AIDS are very dangerous diseases, and they are a serious concern for the government of the NTB province. The spread of this disease is almost throughout the NTB province. Data from the NTB Provincial Health Office in 2021 shows that the health centers with the highest number of HIV and AIDS cases are among males. This research aims to determine the percentage of the population who died due to HIV/AIDS based on age and gender in the NTB province in 2020. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive research method. Qualitative descriptive research is used to determine the percentage of the population who died due to HIV/AIDS based on age and gender in the NTB province in 2020. Researchers used interviews and documentation. Respondents were selected using purposive random sampling, where the researchers themselves determined who would be the informants for the study. The results of the research show that there are people who are concerned and active in dealing with AIDS, but many are not involved in AIDS prevention due to various factors. Combating AIDS requires active participation from multiple parties, including the government, the community, those who are infected, and those who are affected.