This community service activity aims to enhance the competencies of students and lecture at Universitas Nasional (UNAS) in the field of digital business through training and socialization of the competency certification scheme. Digital business competency certification has become essential in the digital era, when these skills are needed to improve the quality of human resources and the competitiveness of graduates. The methods used in this activity include training, competency test simulations, and the socialization of the benefits of certification in the job market. Evaluation results show that this activity successfully increased participants' understanding of the certification process and their readiness to undertake the competency tests. It is hoped that, through this activity, UNAS graduates will gain superior competencies in the digital business field. 

A person or legal entity that acquires rights to land must register their land ownership. However, land ownership can also lead to disputes, such as the dispute over former eigendom verponding land numbers 3740, 3741, and 3742 in Dago Elos. The Defendants have occupied the land for years without issues, and some have certificates of land ownership or building rights. In the verdict of Judicial Review Case Number 109 PK/Pdt/2022, the Defendants' actions in occupying the disputed land were deemed illegal. Therefore, the author is interested in analyzing whether the Defendants' actions meet the elements of illegal actions according to Article 1365 of the Civil Code and related regulations, and to what extent the Defendants are protected by the verdict. The research was conducted using a normative juridical method, with literature review generating descriptive notes and data, and utilizing a statutory approach. The results show that the Defendants' actions in occupying the disputed land do not constitute illegal actions under Article 1365 of the Civil Code due to the lack of elements. No legal protection can be provided because the verdict is final. The judge did not provide legal reasoning based on the juridical alignment between legal facts, evidence, and the legal basis of statutory regulations.

Mangupa is a traditional ritual that is still preserved by the people of South Tapanuli as a form of gratitude to Allah SWT for success or avoidance of danger. This tradition also aims to return the tondi (soul/spirit) to the body so that a person can return to health. In the Mangupa procession, food is served and "hata pasu-pasu," which is an expression of prayer, advice and hope conveyed by family and traditional leaders. This procession is held at certain moments such as sirian (joy) and siluluton (sorrow), and uses traditional materials that have been determined. This research is descriptive analytical in nature which aims to explain the view of Islamic law regarding the implementation of Mangupa. Through a qualitative approach, the author tries to understand how this ritual is practiced in people's lives and how Islamic law views this tradition. From the research results, the implementation of Mangupa in Paringgonan Village was declared permissible (allowed) as long as it did not contain elements of shirk, superstition, lies or excessive waste. If in the future Mangupa violates religious principles, such as destroying beliefs or causing waste, his legal status could change to makruh or haram. The essence of Mangupa is an expression of gratitude, prayer and advice, which is in accordance with Islamic teachings, so that its practice is still acceptable as long as it does not conflict with the Shari'a.

Indonesia is an archipelagic country which has different legal characteristics, namely community life in villages which is closely related to family ties, which does not rule out the possibility that problems will arise such as the problem of dividing inherited land which often causes disputes within the family. This journal discusses legal solutions to the infringement of inherited land rights by non-heirs. The author emphasizes that seizure of inherited land by non-heirs can cause disputes and conflicts, as well as impact personal interests. Empirical juridical research method, using a statutory approach. The aim of this research is to find out the regulations for the distribution of inherited land rights and to understand the legal consequences of encroachment on inherited land rights by third parties. The results of this research show that the division of inheritance rights over land is regulated by the inheritance law that applies in Indonesia, there are three systems of inheritance law, namely Customary Inheritance Law, Islamic Inheritance Law, and Civil Inheritance Law, and the regulation of the distribution of inheritance rights over inheritance that applies in Indonesia. The legal consequence of encroachment on inheritance rights by a third party is that the heirs receive compensation for material and immaterial losses resulting from unlawful acts calculated in the form of money or by replacing goods or objects that have been damaged or confiscated, according to the value of the goods.
 
 
 

This journal examines the form of legal regulation related to the juvenile justice system in Indonesia, with a special focus on minors who are recidivists of the crime of motor vehicle theft (curanmor). Even though Law no. 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System has comprehensively regulated the handling of children in conflict with the law. There are significant challenges in handling children who repeatedly commit criminal acts. This study uses a normative juridical approach with analysis of applicable laws and regulations as well as cases of recidivism among children who commit crime. The research results show that although the law has provided a framework for the protection and rehabilitation of children, its implementation is often not optimal, especially in handling recidivist children. Special policies are needed that are more focused on preventing recidivism, including strengthening the role of rehabilitation institutions and active involvement of families and communities. In addition, revision of several provisions in existing laws is needed to ensure that the handling of recidivist children can be more effective and fair.

The aim of this research is to discuss the implementation of land acquisition for the public interest in terms of the construction of a public cemetery in Sipatana District and the mechanism for providing compensation. This research uses empirical legal methods, by presenting data based on field facts which are then analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The research results show that there are problems in acquiring land as the location for the TPU in question. This is marked by the sale and purchase of land to the government by other parties, who are still the family of the land owner, Mr Yamin Tolinggi. What this means is that the seller of the land is not the actual owner but just a nephew who happens to live at that location. Apart from that, the actual owner demands payment from the land, which is then confirmed by evidence and ownership rights based on court decisions. Disposal of land is a last resort and must obtain approval from the party entitled to the land, however, the land release was in error, where the government incorrectly provided compensation or payment to parties who were not actually the owners of the land. The mechanism for providing compensation for land acquisition by the government for the construction of TPU in Sipatana District is carried out by the Gorontalo Province and Gorontalo City governments on land covering an area of ??27,766 m2 or around 2.7 hectares. However, land acquisition payments made by both the provincial and Gorontalo city governments were given to those who were not actually entitled to them. The total compensation for land acquisition was IDR 3.5 billion, but the entire amount was given to other parties. Therefore, the real owner then sued over his approximately 7,186 meter land and won in court, and in the end the Gorontalo provincial government awarded compensation of Rp. 750 million (seven hundred and fifty million rupiah) to land owners, through the 2023 APBD budget.

The appointment of Constitutional Court Judges between one country and another certainly has similarities and differences. This is greatly influenced by the history, state system and political situation of a country. Therefore, a problem is formulated regarding the characteristics of the mechanism for appointing constitutional court judges between Indonesia and Thailand. This study aims to determine and analyze the differences in filling constitutional court judge positions between Indonesia and Thailand. The study uses a normative legal method using primary, secondary, and tertiary data because by using this method, this study can produce descriptive data obtained from written words related to the object of the writing. This study also uses a comparative method between Indonesia and Thailand. The results of this study indicate that there are significant differences regarding the mechanism for appointing constitutional judges. Indonesia was proposed by three state institutions with their respective procedures, then Thailand was proposed by the Judicial institution and a special committee was formed to select constitutional judges.
 
 

The problem related to violation of RTRW is actually a common issue until now. Like the recent case, namely the fire that occurred at the Pertamina Plumpang Depot. The fire incident could actually be prevented by implementing proper spatial planning regulations. Based on the Regional Regulation (Perda) of DKI Jakarta Number 1 of 2012 concerning the 2030 Regional Spatial Planning, fuel oil (BBM) depots are required to have a buffer zone. Unfortunately, at the Pertamina Plumpang Depot, this buffer zone does not exist, so that residential areas are too close to the dangerous depot area. The purpose of this study is to find out the Annotation of the State Administrative Court Decision Number: 124 / G / LH / 2016 / PTUN-BDG. This research method uses a qualitative approach, with a special method applied, namely meta-analysis. Meta-analysis is a research technique used to combine findings from previous studies related to the same research topic. The results of the study show that among others Based on case information, it is known that there are 6 (six) plaintiffs who sued the Decree of the Head of the Investment and Integrated Licensing Agency of West Java Province Number: 660/10/19.1.02.0/BPMPT/2016 concerning the Environmental Permit for the Construction and Operational Activities of the 1x1000 MW Cirebon PLTU, Astanajapura District and Mundu District, Cirebon Regency by PT Cirebon Energi Prasarana. In its decision, the PTUN granted the lawsuit in its entirety.
 
 
 

Elections or general elections have an important role in determining the future of the nation by electing leaders and officials who are directly elected by the people and for the people. Democracy is the main factor in holding elections as people are free to choose according to their conscience without any coercion or threat. However, the process of implementing elections in Indonesia still experiences obstacles such as the white group (golput) who choose to give up their voting rights in determining the future of the nation. Therefore, we provide solutions and suggestions that can be used to reduce the percentage of the white group by means of election education, voting training, encouraging political parties to be more active, using the media to publish information about elections, election monitoring, research and opinion surveys as described in this research article that we wrote in the hope that it will create a movement to suppress white groups who throw away their voting rights. Then, in compiling this research article, we used an empirical juridical qualitative research method by raising two problem formulations that are problems in the current era. With the results of this research article, hopefully it can help you and can be a source of reference in preparing research that has the same aims and objectives.

This research discusses the comparison of sanctions for liability for the crime of rape between the Indonesian Criminal Code and Singapore's Penal Code 1871. In the Indonesian Criminal Code, rape is regulated in Article 473, while in the Singapore Penal Code, rape is regulated in Article 375. This research uses normative analysis and comparative analysis methods. The results of the research show that there are differences in sanctions for responsibility for the crime of rape between the Indonesian Criminal Code and the Singapore Penal Code. The Indonesian Criminal Code regulates criminal sanctions in the form of imprisonment for a maximum of 12 years and a maximum of 15 years if rape of a child or serious injury results, while the Singapore Penal Code regulates prison sanctions of 8 years to 20 years plus a minimum caning sentence of 12 lashes. This research also shows that there are differences in the definition of rape between the Indonesian Criminal Code and the Singapore Penal Code.