Science plays a crucial role in human life as it helps us understand the universe through observation, experimentation, and analysis. In education, science not only teaches scientific concepts but also fosters scientific attitudes and critical thinking skills in students. To make science education more meaningful, interactive, and relevant, a deep understanding of the Nature of Science (NOS) is essential. This study aims to explore the understanding, benefits, and application of scientific concepts in the teaching and learning process to shape students' scientific attitudes. Using a literature review method, this research gathers information from various relevant academic sources. The findings indicate that science encompasses elements of philosophy, sociology, history, and psychology that support scientific understanding. By understanding NOS, students will view science as a process of knowledge discovery, rather than merely a collection of facts. The application of science in education also impacts students' ability to apply knowledge in practical contexts, enhance their analytical skills, and adapt to societal changes.

Financial management is an important aspect of a community organization. Good and accurate financial management will help a community organization to understand the financial situation within the organization. The implementation of Community Service aims to provide socialization to enhance financial management knowledge among the RT 02 RW 11 administrators in Ciputat, South Tangerang. Neighbourhood 02 Neighbourhood Head 11 in the Ciputat subdistrict oversees 588 family heads (KK) within its administration and manages its finances independently without specific regulations from the government. The absence of established regulations makes the RT administrators less understanding of how to record and manage finances using good accounting methods. The method used in this community service is socialization regarding financial management in organizations. The result of this service is that Neighborhood Association 02 understands how to manage finances properly according to accounting methods.

This study aims to examine the role of the teaching assistance program in supporting grade IV student learning at MIS Fathul Iman Palangka Raya. Basic education, especially at the fourth grade level, plays an important role in the formation of students' cognitive, affective and psychomotor foundations. However, challenges in the implementation of learning, such as limited teaching staff, variations in student abilities, and limited time for individualized guidance, often hinder the achievement of effective learning. One of the proposed solutions is a teaching assistance program, where education students assist teachers in managing the classroom and give more attention to students who need additional guidance. This research reveals that teaching assistance can positively impact the learning process by creating a more interactive, inclusive and supportive learning environment for diverse students. It assists teachers in delivering materials, providing additional explanations and managing the classroom more effectively. In addition, the program also provides opportunities for students with different abilities to get the attention they need. Based on the results of the study, the teaching assistance program proved to be effective in improving the quality of learning and supporting students' optimal development.

The student study period is one of the important aspects to measure the quality of a higher education institution. The length of the student study period can be assumed to come from internal factors and external factors, so it is necessary to conduct research that aims to identify and model the factors that affect the student study period. The method used in this research is logistic regression and the data used is primary data obtained from distributing questionnaires. The target of this research is aimed at alumni students from the Mathematics Study Programme of Udayana University from 2011 to 2019. In this study, the best model produced has a classification accuracy of 98.17% and the independent variables that have a significant effect on the study period are gender, tuition fees and interest in majors.

Improving community welfare is the main goal, of course, and one of the main goals of CSR. Companies can help and improve communities in social, cultural, economic, and physical areas by carrying out corporate social responsibility. By doing so, they can make the community feel helped in improving their welfare If someone offers them help, they tend to see it positively because it is evidence of gratitude and empathy shown. The use of appropriate theories to study community empowerment and capacity building of the River School, including community empowerment through CSR programs, River Schools as a model of environmental education, the role of PLN CSR in environmental education at River Schools, early environmental awareness through CSR and River Schools, the impact of CSR programs on community empowerment and independence. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study of community empowerment through PLN CSR to explore early environmental awareness The location of this research was carried out in Gunung Anyar Tambak Village Rt.01 Rw.01 Surabaya, which is an area used by Bank Sampah by PT. PLN (Persero). The PLN CSR program involving various parties in environmental education has a positive impact on shaping the mindset of the community who are more concerned about environmental sustainability. Awareness built early on, especially in children and adolescents, is expected to produce a generation that is more responsive to environmental issues. Counseling involving schools in this sub-district has proven effective in building a deeper understanding, which can then be passed on to their families. Therefore, it is important for PLN to continue to assist the community, provide adequate facilities and infrastructure, and provide incentives or awards for those who succeed in protecting the environment and managing resources wisely.

Vitamin D is an essential steroid hormone that plays a role in calcium and phosphorus regulation and has the potential to affect sleep quality. Vitamin D deficiency in the elderly often occurs due to minimal exposure to sunlight and age-related physiological changes, which contribute to the high incidence of sleep disorders, including insomnia. This community service activity aims to screen vitamin D levels in the elderly as a cause of insomnia through the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) approach. The activity was carried out at Panti Bina Bhakti, South Tangerang, involving 93 elderly participants aged > 65 years. The results showed that the average vitamin D levels among the age groups 61-70 years, 71-80 years, 81-90 years, and 91-100 years were 7.6 mg/dl, 7.2 mg/dl, 7.6 mg/dl, and 13.9 mg/dl, respectively. Interventions through vitamin D supplementation, sunlight exposure, and education in the form of sleep hygiene are effective in improving the health and sleep quality of the elderly.

This article examines Islamic Religious Education (PAI) materials through a psychological approach to optimize students' understanding of religious teachings. This study explores five main aspects: (a) religion from psychologists' perspective which emphasizes the role of religion in identity formation and psychological well-being, (b) adaptation of PAI materials according to students' developmental stages, which is essential to ensure religious teachings can be well received and understood, (c) analysis of PAI materials based on interests and talents, focusing on increasing student motivation and engagement, (d) PAI models oriented towards religious comfort, which aims to create positive relationships between students and religious teachings, and (e) the role of PAI teachers as spiritual counselors who support students' mental and spiritual health. With this approach, religious education can function as both a spiritual foundation and sustainable psychological support. This article is expected to serve as a reference for educators and education practitioners in developing more effective and relevant PAI materials.

International conflicts significantly impact maritime tourism development in Southeast Asia, a region rich in natural marine beauty and essential to the regional economy. Destructive international disputes, including geopolitical tensions and naval security threats, can significantly disrupt the regional stability on which tourism is built. Although maritime tourism in Southeast Asia continues to show post-pandemic growth, conflict risk remains a significant challenge that could affect traveler confidence and hinder the sector's contribution to regional GDP. The impact of international conflicts on the development of maritime tourism in Southeast Asia is analyzed in this research using a qualitative approach and literature study method. Journals, articles, and reports were reviewed to understand how geopolitical tensions and maritime security threats affect the tourism sector. The study utilizes conflict theory to explain the dynamics of conflict escalation and the application of resolution efforts in this context. Therefore, the potential disruption of maritime tourism development by ongoing conflicts in the Southeast Asian region is highlighted. The sustainability of the industry relies on security stability, and regional cooperation is crucial in mitigating the negative impact of conflict on the economic sector.

This study reveals the power of Jesus' leadership style in Christian education, highlighting the principles of exemplary, service, and sacrifice as the main pillars for creating a conducive learning environment. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of Jesus' leadership model has a positive impact on the formation of spiritual and ethical character of students and staff. It is recommended that Christian educational institutions develop leadership training programs that integrate Jesus' values ??with modern managerial competencies, and implement a comprehensive evaluation system and mentoring mechanism. Thus, Christian education can be a strong medium for forming character and developing the spirituality of the next generation, emulating the Great Teacher in realizing His mission in the world.

Education in Indonesia plays an important role in the development of individuals and the country, shaping social and cultural values and preparing for the future. Quality education creates human resources who are innovative and have high social awareness, as regulated in Republic of Indonesia Law no. 20 of 2003. The main challenge is to maintain achievements and adapt to the Society 5.0 era. Curricula, such as the 2013 Curriculum and the Merdeka Curriculum, are designed to develop students' knowledge, skills and character. English as a compulsory subject increases career and educational opportunities in the context of globalization. English teaching in Indonesia emphasizes listening, speaking, reading and writing skills, as well as the importance of grammar and vocabulary. Nouns are an important element in sentence formation, and understanding nouns helps students in all aspects of language skills. An effective method for studying nouns is through descriptive text analysis. The Community Service Activity (PKM) entitled "Learning Nouns Through Descriptive Text Analysis for Grade 7 Students at MTs Lijamul Athfal Sukabumi" aims to develop community potential, increase creativity, writing skills and relationship networks. It is hoped that this PKM can improve students' understanding of nouns and become a guide for language learning in Indonesian literature, as well as arouse interest in learning English. The method used includes preparation and implementation of noun learning through descriptive text analysis at MTs Lijamul Athfal Sukabumi with results showing high enthusiasm from students. It is hoped that this fun context-based learning can be an alternative that advances education and produces students with international insight.