This study aims to evaluate whether numerical results from IRE exams can accurately reflect students' overall spiritual comprehension. Through both quantitative and qualitative analysis, the study finds that relying solely on test scores is insufficient to assess students’ faith and spiritual insight. Significant differences in learning outcomes between schools suggest that variations in teaching methods and assessment systems contribute to these disparities. Interviews with students and teachers reveal that IRE exams, which tend to emphasize memorization, fall short in uncovering deeper understanding of religious values. In contrast, assessment approaches that are more relevant to everyday life, encourage reflection, utilize narrative methods, and observe student behavior are perceived as more effective. Therefore, an ideal model for assessing Islamic Religious Education should integrate both cognitive evaluation and spiritual reflection through a comprehensive, holistic approach. By combining written assessments with contextual inquiry, personal reflection, and behavioral observation, educators can gain a more accurate and authentic picture of students’ religious understanding. Such a multifaceted evaluation system not only enhances the relevance of PAI but also supports the formation of students who genuinely embody Islamic values in their daily lives.

Project-oriented learning design is an effective pedagogical approach in increasing student involvement and developing critical thinking and problem solving skills. The research method used is library research, which involves collecting information from various sources such as books, notes, magazines, and related articles. Data collection techniques are carried out by reading, reviewing and analyzing various existing literature. The data analysis technique used is content analysis. This article discusses the importance of integrating formative and summative assessments in project-oriented learning design to improve the quality and effectiveness of learning. Formative assessment, which functions as continuous feedback, allows educators to monitor and improve the learning process in real-time. Meanwhile, summative assessment provides a comprehensive evaluation of student learning outcomes. The results show that this strategy not only increases student engagement but also significantly improves learning outcomes. Thus, this article suggests that educators need to adopt an integrated assessment approach to achieve higher quality and effective learning design.

The purpose of this study was to find out how the STAD learning model influences the ability to write readings in 20 grade IV students at SDN 13 Betung, Banyuasin Regency. Through extensive data collection, this qualitative research strategy aims to provide a comprehensive explanation of a phenomenon. The significance of phenomena and the importance of observing them is the main focus of qualitative research methods. In this paragraph, the students' goals for improving their learning of Indonesian are: 1) students can express considerations, presumptions, conjectures, and feelings stored in printed copies in a straightforward manner;(2) Students are able to write about the situation and context in their writing; 3) Students like to write; 4) Students can use linguistic elements in writing literary works. Writing can also be understood as expressing one's feelings, thoughts and intentions to others. Writing is a way to generate ideas and emotions through writing.