This research is motivated by the learning media in the Chuji Hanyu Xiezuo Shang class which not yet using learning media in the form of games, this makes an opportunity to develop new innovations to support teaching and learning activities in the form of Word Candy game to improve mastery of chinese vocabulary. The objectives of this research are: 1) Describes the needs of students for Word Candy media in improving vocabulary mastery, 2) Describes the results of the prototype development of Word Candy media in mastering Chinese, 3) Describes the results of expert validation of Word Candy media in mastering vocabulary in learning Chinese. This study uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with five stages, namely: 1) potential and problems, 2) data collection, 3) product design, 4) design validation, and 5) design revision. Based on the needs analysis, it shows that Word Candy media is approved as a learning medium by both lecturers and students. Proven by the results of validation from media experts getting an average value of 88.4 with a score of 4 which is said that this media is very feasible to use, while validation from material experts shows an average value of 88.5 with a score of 4 which is included in the category of very feasible/appropriate to use as a learning medium. After that, the media was improved according to the suggestions given by media experts and material experts.

Petrochemical-based synthetic plastics pose significant environmental concerns due to their non-biodegradable nature. Bioplastics, particularly those derived from corn starch, offer a promising alternative because of their biodegradability and renewable origin. This article presents a narrative review analyzing the effects of various additives on the characteristics of corn starch-based bioplastics, including tensile strength, water absorption, and biodegradability. The review focuses on scientific publications from 2015 to 2025.  Three types of additives were examined: cellulose fibers, graphene oxide (GO), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The results show that the combination of starch and PVA with glycerol yields the best overall performance, achieving the highest tensile strength (1.8 MPa), moderate water resistance 60%, and rapid biodegradation within 6–10 days. While cellulose improves mechanical properties, it tends to slow down the degradation rate. GO provides only slight enhancements in mechanical and water-resistant properties. Overall, the starch–PVA blend appears to be the most promising formulation for developing eco-friendly and applicable bioplastics in the future.

Immunization is one of the most effective and efficient public health efforts in preventing diseases and reducing mortality rates in children such as smallpox, polio, tuberculosis, hepatitis B, diphtheria, measles, rubella, congenital rubella syndrome (CRS), tetanus, pneumonia (lung inflammation) and meningitis (inflammation of the brain membrane) (Nandi & Shet, 2020). Data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health in 2020 showed that vaccination coverage in the 3rd and 4th months was months. However, efforts can be made to increase child vaccination coverage to 80% and that does not include DT, MR2, and HPV vaccinations. As, measles data is only 45%, diphtheria-tetanus (DT) is around 40% (Indonesian Ministry of Health, 2021). To determine the relationship between maternal knowledge and the completeness of basic immunization in children at the Raden Omas Posyandu. This study uses a quantitative research design with a cross-sectional method. The population in this study consisted of mothers who had children aged 12 to 18 months at Posyandu Raden Omas, totaling 36 mothers. The statistical results showed a relationship between maternal knowledge and the completeness of basic immunization in children p-value (0.048). Most respondents had good knowledge, as many as 13 respondents (36.1%). Sufficient knowledge, as many as 13 respondents (36.1%). Insufficient knowledge, as many as 10 respondents or 27.8%. Most respondents had incomplete immunization, namely 18 respondents (50%).

Educational strategic management plays a crucial role in ensuring the effectiveness and efficiency of educational program implementation. One of the key aspects of this management is program indicators, which serve as measurement tools to assess the achievement of educational objectives. Program indicators in education can be classified into four main types: input, process, output, and outcome. Each of these indicators plays a distinct role in evaluating the success of an educational program. Additionally, effective indicators must meet the SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound) criteria to be used effectively in planning and evaluation. This study aims to analyze the operational definition of program indicators in educational management, the types of indicators used, and the characteristics of effective indicators based on the SMART principle. A literature review method was employed by analyzing various relevant academic journals. The findings reveal that implementing clear and measurable program indicators enables educational institutions to continuously improve learning systems. Moreover, examples of program achievement indicators in education show that the success of a program can be systematically measured using a data-driven approach. With appropriate indicators, education management can more easily identify the strengths and weaknesses of a program and optimize strategies for implementing educational policies. The findings conclude that program indicators are a crucial component in enhancing education quality, particularly in resource management and assessing student learning outcomes.

Corporate Governance and Cross-listing are considered crucial factors in promoting corporate transparency and accountability, particularly in sustainability reporting based on Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) standards. A strong governance structure is believed to enhance the quality of ESG disclosure, while Cross-listing serves as an external pressure that reinforces a company's commitment to global reporting standards. This study aims to examine the influence of board size, board independence, institutional ownership, audit committee size, and Cross-listing status on the quality of ESG disclosure. The research focuses on companies in the energy and basic materials sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2019–2023 period, using ESG data sourced from Bloomberg. The sample consists of 18 companies with a total of 73 observations selected through purposive sampling. Hypotheses were tested using multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that board size, board independence, institutional ownership, and Cross-listing have a positive and significant effect on the quality of ESG disclosure. Conversely, audit committee size has a negative and significant effect. These findings indicate that both internal pressure through governance mechanisms and external pressure through Cross-listing on foreign exchanges play an important role in driving the quality of corporate ESG disclosure.

The objective of this study is to design an appropriate strategy in instilling character values ??in grade 5 students of SDN Walikukun, with an emphasis on strengthening the values ??of responsibility, discipline, honesty, and cooperation. The study employed literature studies and qualitative data analysis, which resulted in the conclusion that it is very important for character building in elementary schools to be implemented systematically and sustainably. These efforts need to involve the active role of various parties, such as teachers, parents, schools, and the surrounding environment. The implementation strategy includes integrating character values ??in the teaching and learning process, habituating positive daily actions, role models from teachers, and monitoring student development through behavioral documentation. In addition, democratic and communicative parenting patterns greatly influence children's character formation, especially if adjusted to the child's innate personality type which can be recognized through approaches such as genetic personality. Simple digital technology can also be used as a supporting medium for character education, although there are still obstacles in the form of limited facilities and infrastructure. The results obtained from this study are hoped to be used as a reference in the implementation of relevant and effective character education at SDN Walikukun.

Active learning is an instructional approach that positions students as central participants in the learning process through interactive, collaborative, and reflective activities. This study aims to examine the implementation of active learning strategies in enhancing student engagement at the elementary school level. A literature review method was employed, analyzing 20 national and international scholarly articles published between 2019 and 2024. The findings indicate that strategies such as Problem-Based Learning, cooperative learning, and experiential learning effectively increase students' participation, motivation, and academic achievement. The integration of digital media and educational games also contributes positively to students’ focus and emotional engagement during lessons. However, several implementation challenges were identified, including limited teacher competence, insufficient learning facilities, and time constraints within the curriculum. These findings highlight the importance of policy support, continuous teacher training, and the provision of adequate learning resources to ensure the optimal application of active learning in elementary classrooms. Therefore, active learning emerges as a strategic solution to improve the quality of primary education by fostering student-centered and engaging learning experiences.

Financial distress is a major issue for a company in terms of maintaining the sustainability of its performance in the future. One aspect that needs to be considered is the controlling shareholder family. It is an important factor that needs to be considered to see how the company's performance will develop in the future. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between the family controlling shareholders and the financial distress in Indonesia, which is moderated through socio-demographic factors. The moderated regression analysis (MRA) was applied to 253 Indonesian public limited companies from 2013 to 2021. The result revealed that family-controlling shareholders positively and significantly affect financial distress. On the other hand, experience as a socio-demographic factor also moderated this nexus negatively. Thus, the important role of the family controlling shareholders must be considered as a main factor for predicting financial distress in Indonesian companies.

Learning difficulties remain a persistent and multifaceted challenge among junior high school students, significantly impacting academic achievement, motivation, and classroom engagement. This study explores the strategic implementation of guidance and counseling (GC) services in addressing these issues at SMP Negeri 178 Jakarta. Utilizing a qualitative case study design, data were gathered through observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. Findings indicate that GC services are systematically delivered through individual and group counseling sessions, classroom-based interventions, and motivational enhancement programs. The primary learning issues identified include diminished motivation, academic anxiety, inadequate study skills, and socio-emotional challenges that hinder student performance. Effective GC service delivery is supported by strong collaboration among counselors, subject teachers, homeroom teachers, and parents, alongside institutional support from school leadership. Conversely, barriers such as limited counselor availability, low student engagement, and a lack of awareness regarding the function of GC services impede optimal outcomes. The study concludes that the effectiveness of GC interventions is contingent upon contextually responsive, personalized, and collaborative approaches. These findings underscore the need to strengthen policy, enhance counselor professional development, and integrate GC programs into the school’s educational management system.Keywords: Guidance and Counseling; Learning Challenges; Individual Counseling; School Collaboration; Secondary Education

 
This study focuses on strategies to prevent stunting prevalence, which to date have shown inconsistent results. Several previous studies have stated that stunting prevalence cannot be prevented optimally because it is influenced by other factors, such as early marriage and low family literacy. This study uses a qualitative approach with in-depth interview techniques with a number of key informants, including families, community leaders, and health workers. The purpose of the interviews was to gain a deeper understanding of the effectiveness of stunting prevention efforts. The research findings show that the mechanism for preventing stunting prevalence is starting to show improvement. However, these efforts will be more optimal if there is synergy between families, community institutions, and the government in providing education, especially regarding the negative impacts of early marriage. Multi-party collaboration is an important key in building collective awareness and strengthening efforts to prevent stunting sustainably.