Down syndrome (DS) is a physical disorder caused by an excess of the third chromosome in the 21st pair of chromosomes which causes the number of chromosomes to become 47. One of the symptoms of Down syndrome is muscle weakness which can affect the baby's reflexes. To assess the effect of baby massage intervention on the reflex development of babies with Down syndrome in the NICU. The method used in this research is a case study with baby massage intervention for Down syndrome patients in the NICU. The intervention was carried out for 3 days. Baby massage intervention is carried out once a day with a duration of 10 -15 minutes. The results of this case study show that after baby massage there were changes in the palmar grasp reflex and Babinski reflex. Baby massage can improve babies’ reflexes particularly palmar and Babinski reflexes on babies with Down syndrome in the NICU.

Currently, the development of communication networks has influenced how humans communicate and exchange information. Data communications technology reflects the rapid evolution in the way humans communicate and exchange information. Data communication is the process of exchanging information between two or more devices via a transmission medium, such as cables, radio waves, or other network infrastructure. The goal of data communications is to transfer data from one location to another quickly, efficiently, and accurately. The method used is to look for references from several internet sources such as Google. The OSI model has 7 layers, namely Application Layer, Presentation layer, Session Layer, Transport layer, Network layer, data link layer, physical layer

This article discusses the important role of teaching the Indonesian language for Foreign Speakers (BIPA) in supporting the internationalization of the language of Indonesia, with a focus on the use of the culinary material "Timlo Solo" in learning BIPA at Yale University. Through a qualitative method with a literature study approach, the study reviews the history, variation, way of making, culinary location, and role in Timlo Solo's local culinarian culture. The results of the study show that the use of Timlo solo's cooking lessons helps foreign students understand not only language, but also the cultural context, social life, and norms in Indonesia. By using culinary as a teaching material, BIPA students can gain a deeper understanding of Indonesian cultural diversity. In addition, the culinary integration in BIPA learning enriches the learning experience with practical and enjoyable aspects. In the context of the internationalization of the Indonesian language, the use of Timlo Solo’s culinary lessons at Yale University is a significant step in broadening the understanding and appreciation of Indonesia’s culture among foreign students.

Samarinda City is one of the cities located in East Kalimantan Province and is often found to have cases of Domestic Violence. The implementation of Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence should be a solution to participate in preventing and overcoming acts of Domestic Violence as a law enforcement effort. However, in its implementation it turns out that there are still cases of Domestic Violence. The research approach used in this research is a Social Legal Research approach which aims to examine two main points of discussion, first to examine the handling of victims of Domestic Violence in Samarinda City. Second, to examine the role of the Perempuan Academy program in empowering community groups for Family Welfare Empowerment to prevent Domestic Violence in Samarinda City. The results of the research show that the handling of Domestic Violence in the City of Samarinda is provided both repressively and preventively, not only to deal with it after it occurs and is experienced by the victim, but also to participate in preventing it before the crime occurs in order to reduce cases of Domestic Violence in the City Samarinda and the Women's Academy program is considered sufficient to help the Family Welfare Empowerment group in Karang Anyar Village, Samarinda City to prevent Domestic Violence.

Kualitas Pendidikan dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, termasuk kepemimpinan kepala sekolah, kurikulum, metode pengajaran, sumber daya, dukungan orang tua, dan kompetensi guru. Penting untuk memiliki lingkungan belajar yang memadai dan mendorong siswa untuk berkembang secara holistik, termasuk dalam aspek kognitif, emosional, Gaya atau cara seorang Kepala sekolah dalam kapasitasnya sebagai pemimpin sangat menentukan keberhasilan administrasi dan supervisi Pendidikan dibawah Kepemimpinannya. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian Kualitatif dilakukan dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Penelitian fenomenologi yaitu jenis penelitian kualitatif yang melihat dan mendengar lebih dekat dan terperinci penjelasan dan pemahaman individual tentang pengalaman-pengalamannya.merupakan metode penelitian yang menggunakan sumber literatur sebagai data utama. Gaya kepemimpinan seorang kepala sekolah dapat memiliki dampak yang signifikan terhadap efektivitas administrasi dan supervisi pendidikan di sekolah yaitu: kepemimpinan Transformatif, kepemimpinan Transaksional, Kepemimpinan Situasional, Kepemimpinan Servant, Kepemimpinan Otoriter. Dan Supervisi adalah suatu program yang berencana untuk memperbaiki pengajaran. Supervisi pendidikan yang efektif membutuhkan kerjasama antara para pengawas, pimpinan sekolah, dan guru untuk menciptakan lingkungan pembelajaran yang kondusif dan meningkatkan profesionalisme guru serta mutu pendidikan secara keseluruhan.

The need for soybeans in Indonesia increases along with population growth, with demand reaching 2.7 million tons in 2023. Soybeans are an important raw material in the food industry, especially for processed products such as tempeh. This research aims to analyze the control of soybean supplies in the Bogor Regency Tofu and Tempe Cooperative (KOPTI) using the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method. The Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method was chosen because it is able to optimize the costs of ordering and storing raw materials. Primary data was obtained through interviews with KOPTI owners and employees. The analysis results show that the optimal order quantity is 333,371 kg with an order frequency of 4 times per year. In addition, the safety stock required is 82,252 kg, and the reorder point is 85,865 kg. Using the EOQ method can save total inventory costs from IDR 14,332,491.57 to IDR 910,102.39. This research suggests KOPTI to apply the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method to increase cost efficiency and maintain stable raw material supplies.

The purpose of this research is to find out how the Independent Learning Curriculum is implemented in Class XI Christian Religious Education at St. Vocational School. Nahanson Sipoholon in 2023. The method used in this research is mixed methods. This research is a research step that combines two previously existing forms of research, namely qualitative research and quantitative research. For interviews, the population of school principals was 1 person and Christian Religious Education teachers were 2 people. The interview used is an in-depth interview or commonly known as an in-depth interview which is usually aimed at obtaining in-depth information and is developed according to the situation and conditions in the field. The interview data in the form of statements contained 15 items. So the results obtained in all interviews were in the very good category with a percentage of 97.7%, then the very poor category with a percentage of 2.23%. The population for the questionnaire was all class XI students who adhere to Protestant Christian beliefs at St. Vocational School. Nahanson Sipoholon learning in 2023/2024 is 131 people and a sample of 58 people was taken using random sampling techniques. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 26 items. The results of data analysis show that the overall percentage of the implementation of the independent learning curriculum in class XI Christian religious education at St. Vocational School. Nahanson Sipoholon in 2023 is 72.94% and is in the good category, namely in the interpreted value between 61%-80%.

Every year, Setia Janji District routinely holds village competitions. Village competition assessments are held to motivate village officials and the community to compete in building a good village. As for the village assessment, currently the calculations in the assessment are still done manually and are not yet open. Assessments also still use paper so processing takes quite a long time and is sometimes unbalanced. By utilizing technological advances, a decision support system is needed to make it easier to determine the best village in Setia Janji District. The aim of this research is to determine the best village in Setia Janji District using a comparison of the TOPSIS Method and the WASPAS Method.

Nausea and vomiting (morning sickness), experienced by around 70–80% of pregnant women, is a phenomenon that often occurs at 5–12 weeks of gestation. Lemon is one of the herbal oils that is a safe medicine against morning sickness in pregnant women. The population of this study was composed of first-trimester pregnant women with nausea and vomiting. Prior to the intervention in the oral lemon control group, there were seven respondents (28.0%) with a frequency of nausea and vomiting > 4, then 12 respondents (48.0%) with a frequency of <4 and no nausea, as well as six respondents (24.0%). After intervention in the oral lemon control group, there were five respondents (20.0%) with a frequency of nausea and vomiting > 4, then 14 respondents (56.0%) with a frequency of <4 and no nausea, and as many as six respondents (24.0%). Before the intervention, a p-value <0.001 was obtained in the control group. In the group, after being given the intervention, the p-value was <0.001. Whereas in the oral lemon control group, the p-value was <0.001 before the intervention, and after being given the oral lemon intervention, the p-value was <0.001. The research was conducted in the Ananda Clinic Work Area, Semarang Regency. The results of the study showed that there was an effect of giving lemon aromatherapy inhalation on morning sickness in pregnant women.

This abstract discusses the role of market mechanisms in an Islamic perspective, as well as the implications and application of Islamic economic principles in the market system. Using the literature review method, this research collects, evaluates, and synthesizes relevant literature to gain an in-depth understanding of the topic. The results of the analysis show that markets in Islam are seen as a natural mechanism for exchanging goods and services, with prices determined by the forces of demand and supply. Islamic economic principles, such as justice, expediency, and the prohibition of usury, are the foundation for a fair and sustainable market system. Apart from that, the importance of market supervision and compliance with market ethics is also emphasized to maintain balance and fairness in economic activities. The analysis also highlights prohibitions in Islamic transactions that can cause market distortions. In addition, this abstract presents a comparison between conventional economic systems (capitalist, socialist, and mixed) with Islamic economic systems, which are based on sharia principles. Thus, this research contributes to understanding the concept of market mechanisms in Islam and formulating economic policy recommendations that are in accordance with Islamic values.