Ferns are low-level plants whose distribution is quite wide and are often found on the campus of UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. The aim of this research is to determine the calcification and relationships of ferns that live in the campus area using direct exploration methods by observing their morphological characteristics. The data from morphological observations is then processed into a dendogrm so that relationships can be identified and read using the similarity index formula. The results of this research show that 2 divisions of ferns were found, namely pteridophyta and traceophyta. In the pteridophyta division, 1 class, 2 orders, 6 families and 9 species were found. Meanwhile, in the traceophyta division, 1 class, 1 order, 1 family and 1 species were found. The results of the kinship analysis show that the 10 species of ferns can be divided into 2 large groups based on 16 morphological traits. The relationship between species is measured using the Sorensen similarity index, which shows that several species have a relationship that is very close (? 75%), close (51-74%), not close (26-50%), and very not close (? 25%). For example, Pityrogramma calomelanos and Adiantum capillus are very closely related with a similarity index of 87.5%, while Pyrrosia piloselloides and Phymatosorus scolopendria are not closely related with a similarity index of 43%.

Risk based audit (RBA) is an approach that is increasingly being applied in the banking sector to increase the effectiveness of risk management and compliance with regulations. This approach helps banks identify high-risk areas and prioritize audits according to the level of risk. This research uses qualitative methods with a literature research approach. Data sources consist of scientific journal articles, books, reports and documents related to risk-based and banking audits. Research findings show that the RBA has several key roles in improving banking performance. First, RBA improves operational efficiency and effectiveness by focusing audits on high-risk areas. Second, the RBA enables banks to proactively identify and manage risks, thereby strengthening financial and operational stability. Third, the RBA ensures that banks are more compliant with regulations and industry standards, reducing the risk of sanctions and fines. In addition, the implementation of RBA encourages the formation of a strong risk management culture and the use of information technology to support the risk management process. Risk based audit plays a significant role in improving banking performance. By improving operational efficiency, managing risk proactively, ensuring regulatory compliance, establishing a strong risk management culture, and leveraging technology, banks can achieve stability and better performance in the long term. These findings support the importance of implementing RBA as the main strategy in risk management and supervision in the banking sector.

Poverty is a serious problem in Indonesia, including in North Sumatra. Various factors include the human development index (HDI) and unemployment rate. This research aims to analyze the influence of the Human Development Index (HDI) and unemployment on the poverty rate in North Sumatra using the method multiple linear regression to analyze secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of North Sumatra. The variables used in this research are the HDI and unemployment, while the dependent variable is the poverty level. The results of the research show that the HDI and the unemployment rate have a significant influence on the poverty level. These findings show that to reduce poverty in North Sumatra, efforts are needed to increase the HDI through improving the quality of education, health and living standards of the community by increasing the HDI which provides efforts to prevent poverty from occurring.

Bacteria are microorganisms that require adequate media and nutrients to grow and develop. The media commonly used to grow bacteria is Nutrient agar media, but the price of Nutrient agar media is quite expensive. Corn cobs are lignocellulosic wastes that contain nutrients that can meet the nutritional requirements of bacterial growth media. This study aims to investigate the viability of corn cobs as a cost-effective alternative to Nutrient agar media. Specifically, we explore the variance in bacterial colony growth when utilizing corn cobs as a growth medium for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Employing a true experimental design with a posttest-only control structure, we analyze the treatment's effects using the One Way ANOVA test and Independent Sample T-test. These statistical methods enable us to discern differences between groups utilizing corncob media with and without added sugar.Our findings reveal noteworthy insights into bacterial colony growth. For Escherichia coli, the average number of colonies on corncob media with sugar was 222 CFU/ml, on corncob media without sugar, it was 164 CFU/ml, and on Nutrient agar media, it reached 361 CFU/ml. In the case of Staphylococcus aureus, colonies on corncob media with sugar averaged 871 CFU/ml, on corncob media without sugar, they averaged 657 CFU/ml, and on Nutrient agar media, they reached 942 CFU/ml.Statistical analysis using the One Way ANOVA test for both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus demonstrated p-values <0.05, signifying significant differences in their growth on corncob media with sugar, corncob media without sugar, and Nutrient agar media. Furthermore, the Independent Sample T-test results for both bacterial strains yielded p-values <0.05, indicating dissimilar growth patterns on corncob media with sugar compared to corncob media without sugar.In conclusion, our study underscores significant disparities in the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria among Nutrient agar media, corncob media with sugar, and corncob media without sugar. Notably, we observed a marked increase in bacterial colony counts on corncob media with sugar and corncob media without sugar.
 
 

This study discusses the social role of the ummah in building solidarity based on the interpretation of Surah At-Tawbah verse 71. The study method used is to use literature review. This study outlines the concept of solidarity in Islam and how Muslims can play an important role in strengthening solidarity in society. By analyzing the interpretation of verse 71 of Surah At-Tawbah, this article highlights the importance of cooperation, help, and social care in creating strong solidarity among Muslims.

After conducting initial observations at SMK Negeri 8 Denpasar, it was discovered that the students' learning outcomes in cultural arts subjects were relatively low. Therefore, the researcher decided to conduct further study using the PTK (Classroom Action Research) approach method. The aim of implementing the PTK method was to enhance students' understanding of the cultural arts subject through a cooperative learning model known as "learning together," with the goal of improving student learning outcomes. The PTK method involved 2 cycles, with each cycle consisting of 4 stages. The research subjects were the 35 students of class XII Mipa-4 at SMA Negeri 8 Denpasar. Data was collected using performance assessment and observation methods. The collected data was analyzed using a qualitative descriptive method, which aimed to examine the entire cultural arts learning process. Additionally, a qualitative method was applied to analyze the results of the assessment of student performance by comparing the average value of the completeness of learning outcomes. Following the analysis, it was observed that in cycle I, the highest and lowest scores for students of SMA Negeri 8 Denpasar class XII Mipa-4  were 85 and 60, respectively, with a class average score of 71. However, in cycle II, the highest and lowest scores increased to 95 and 80, and the class average score rose to 88. Furthermore, in cycle II, all students achieved scores above the minimum completeness level. This indicated a significant improvement in student scores from cycle I to cycle II.

Through Training on Making Snack Bouquet as an Alternative Business Idea, this activity seeks to teach one of the alternative business ideas that may be done by everyone from various backgrounds. The general public's ignorance of flower bouquets makes it challenging for business players to identify their target market, as teens continue to use food bouquets as presents for specific individuals. In order for the participants in this training to use the snack bouquet business as a reference business idea in the future, it seeks to provide information about the making process and the materials required to establish one. Both theoretical and practical methods are employed in this training.

This research aims to find out: how baggage carried by passengers is not free from various problems with baggage service deviations, which usually occur when passengers arrive at the final destination station or during post-flight service, this can be one of the performance benchmarks for a ground handling company. , whether it is good or not in providing service to passengers. In this case, the role of the loading master officer plays an important role in the process of loading and unloading cargo, preventing unwanted things from happening. This study used qualitative research methods. The data collection techniques used were, observation, interviews, documents, and documentation along with observations. The researcher directly carried out observations, the researcher also explained the results of the data taken during interviews and observations. For the interview, the researcher interviewed the Loading Master officer 3 sources with document data obtained by the researcher. from documentation of the activities of Loading Master officers when carrying out their duties and responsibilities in the field and also in the form of implementation documents for the data analysis techniques used, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation, discussion, and conclusions.  
The role of Loading Master officers is very important at Adi Soemarmo Solo Airport, both from the implementation of standard operational procedures and also influences improving the performance of Loading Master officers for air cargo handlers. Not only that, researchers also found that Loading Master officers are very fast in Loading-Unloading if officers are slow or if you are not careful during the Loading-Unloading process, it will result in the plane being delayed.

Purpose: The presence of a two-month lag in Hotel Room Occupancy Rate (TPK) data necessitates an alternative method to accommodate adjustments in the economic circumstances of the tourism industry. In this context, TPK is connected to the influx of tourists, making the data a valuable resource for assessing the tourism potential of a particular area. The information can be used to make informed decisions when considering investments in the local tourism industry. Therefore, this research aimed to formulate predictions for future trends using now-forecasting. The variables of Google Trends Index (IGT) and online traveler reviews considered were obtained from big data.
Methods: This research used machine learning methods with Random Forest, LSTM, and CNN-BiLSTM-Attention models in determining the best model. Meanwhile, the datasets were acquired from diverse secondary data sources. Hotel Occupancy Rooms Rate was derived from BPS-Statistics Indonesia, while additional data were collected through web scraping from online travel agency websites such as Tripadvisor.com, IGT with keywords “IKN”, “hotel”, and “banjir”. For the sentiment variable from online reviews, lag effects of one, two, and three months were analyzed to determine the correlation with TPK. The highest correlation was selected for inclusion in the prediction model across all machine learning methods.
Result: The results showed that the use of IGT and online traveler reviews increased the precision of forecasting models. The best model of hotel TPK nowcasting was Random Forest Regression with the lowest MAPE value and accuracy of 5.37% and 94.63%, respectively.
Novelty: The proposed method showed great potential in improving the prediction of hotel TPK by leveraging new technology and extensive data sources. The correlation with TPK decreases with an increasing time lag of sentiment. Therefore, the sentiment of reviews in the current month has the highest correlation with TPK, compared to the previous one, two, or three months.

The implementation of this research aims to analyze the PjBL learning model by implementing Artsteps media in fostering learning motivation of SMA Negeri 8 Denpasar class XII IPA-5 in the 2023/2024 school year in fine arts subjects. This research is a type of PTK with two cycles, each cycle involving 4 stages of research, namely, (a) planning stage; (b) implementation stage; (c) observation stage; and (d) reflection stage. The subjects in the study were students of SMA Negeri 8 Denpasar class XII IPA-5 which numbered 46 students. Then the methods applied by researchers in collecting research data include literature study, documentation, performance assessment, and observation. The method implemented in data analysis is a quantitative descriptive method, where quantitative methods are implemented to test student performance. Based on the test results that have been carried out in cycle I, the lowest and highest scores in SMA Negeri 8 Denpasar class XII IPA-5 are obtained, namely 60 and 90 with a mean learning outcome of 73. So the success rate of learning outcomes is 72%. Then in cycle II, the lowest and highest scores were obtained at 80 and 95 with a mean learning outcome of 89. Then the learning success rate reached 100%. This indicates that the motivation of students to learn in fine arts subjects has increased as evidenced by the existence of increasingly optimal learning outcomes.