Natural resource management involves complex decision-making processes that often result in non-linear optimization problems. This study explores the application of genetic algorithms (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) to manage resources like water and forest reserves more efficiently. We compare the effectiveness of these algorithms in achieving sustainable utilization while minimizing environmental impact. The results show that GA outperforms PSO in forest management scenarios, while PSO is more suitable for water resource distribution.

Women's leadership at the village level is increasingly a concern, especially in developing countries such as Indonesia, where patriarchal cultures often limit women's roles. This study aims to analyze the roles and challenges of women in village leadership in Gunung Raya District, Kerinci Regency. The theories used include gender equality theory, feminism, transformational leadership, and dual role theory. The method used is qualitative research with a case study approach, involving in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the study show that women village heads have a significant role in decision-making and community empowerment, but they are faced with the challenges of patriarchal culture, resistance from the apparatus, and the pressure of dual roles. In conclusion, despite the challenges, women village heads are able to overcome these barriers with inclusive leadership strategies and increased social capital, strengthening their capacity as effective leaders. Support from the government and the community is urgently needed to encourage women's involvement in local politics.

. Tofu is a soybean product which is very popular and widely produced in Indonesia. Tofu is white in color and has a soft and creamy texture. This study aims to analyze buying-motivation factor, reference group, consumer income, and the place of buying influence the decision on the number of tofu-buying at the KLB Tofu Factory and to determine the dominant factors influencing the decision to buy tofu. This research was conducted at the KLB Tofu Factory, Jalan Pelabuhan Ketapang 1, Kelurahan Bakalan Krajan, Kecamatan Sukun, Malang City. The study’s sampling method is sampling accidental. The study’s population is 525 people and the sample is 84 respondents using the Slovin formula with an error rate of 10%. Data were collected using questionnaires from 84 respondents who were samples from tofu consumers who bought tofu directly at the KLB Tofu Factory. The analytical tool used in this study is the multiple linear regression analysis using the f test (simultaneous), t test (partial); and the dominant factor influencing the decision on the number of tofu buying at the KLB Tofu Factory is determined by comparing the beta value (?) or the magnitude of the beta coefficient (?) on the results of the t test (partial). The results show that simultaneously the independent variable (X) has a significant effect on the dependent variable (Y) the number of tofu buying. Variables that partially have a significant effect are buying motivation, reference group, and consumer income. While the place of purchase variable has no significant effect on the number of tofu buying. The dominant factor that influences the number of tofu purchases is buying motivation. The value of the beta coefficient (?) of buying motivation is greater than the value of the reference group, consumer income, and place of purchase.

Sugarcane plantations played an important role in increased value-added in the economy. Sugarcane is used as a key ingredient in sugar production. High consumption has not offset the production of sugar. Production can meet consumption by performing technical efficiency of usaha tani. This study is aimed at identifying the impact of the use of sugarcane production factors and the technical efficiency of the use of sugarcane production factors. The implementation of this study is in the village of Arjosari in the east, Calypso district, unfortunate district. The study population is 35 respondents in sugarcane growers. Sample strain strain is 32 respondents. The methods used in data collection are observation, interviews, and questionnaires. Analysis used is linear regression using f-test, t-test, and technical efficiency. Results obtained in this study indicate that in a simultaneous free variable (x) has an effect on bound variables (y). Those that have partial effects are manure (x3), zec fertilizer (x4), and labor (x7). Other such variables as land area (x1), seeds (x2), fertilizer phonska (x5) and drops or molasses (x6) have no effect on sugarcane production. Technical efficiency is known for the value of constants obtained in the production function of the cobb douglass stochastic frontier. Unavailable translation service. Subscribe now to enjoy professional translation

This study aims to examine the influence of green accounting and environmental performance on financial performance in chemical sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2021-2023. The independent variables used are green accounting (X1), measured using environmental costs, and environmental performance (X2), measured using the PROPER rating, while the dependent variable is financial performance measured by ROE. The sample consists of 20 companies selected through purposive sampling, and data analysis is conducted using multiple linear regression with SPSS. The t-test results show that green accounting has a significant negative effect on financial performance, while environmental performance has a significant positive effect. The F-test indicates that both independent variables together have a significant positive effect on financial performance.

Inmate development is carried out continuously from the time the inmates enter the correctional institution. The correctional system is a process of developing inmates as creatures of God, individuals and as a society. In coaching inmates, their physical, spiritual and social conditions are developed so that they become reasonable human beings who can live normally in society. The aim of this research is to determine the efficiency of the role of law in coaching at the Class IIB Tanjung Pura Detention Center. This research is included in descriptive research with a type of empirical juridical research using qualitative analysis methods. From the research results, it is known that the implementation of prisoner development is regulated in Law Number 12 of 1995 concerning Corrections, Government Regulation Number 31 of 1999 concerning the Development and Guidance of Prisoners, Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 28 of 2006 concerning Amendments to Government Regulation Number 32 of 2006 1999 Concerning Requirements and Procedures for Implementing the Rights of Prisoners, Decree of the Minister of Justice of the Republic of Indonesia Number: M.02-Pk.04.10 of 1990 Concerning the Pattern of Development of Prisoners/Detainees. The implementation of prisoner coaching at the Class IIB Tanjung Pura Detention Center goes through 4 stages, namely the administration or orientation stage, the evaluation stage and determining the type of coaching, the assimilation stage and the integration stage. -existing invitations, planned and programmed work programs in the form of a Strategic Plan, several obstacles were overcome by building a collaborative network with various parties

The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship and influence of character values ??on Main Competencies (KI), Main Competencies (KD), Learning Outcomes (CP), Competency Achievement Indicators (GPA) and Learning Objectives in the Islamic context. Religious education . The literature research method with the topic "Analysis of the relationship and influence of character values ??on core competencies" includes data collection through library research, a qualitative approach, data analysis and method validation by referring to a pre-existing framework. . study. This research reveals that: 1) CD is a student's learning outcome, KI is the most important skill in social life, KP is what is expected of students, and competency indicators are an assessment of CD, all of which are important for achieving learning. targets, 2) core competencies. and competency foundation as a foundation and teachers who understand well KI, CD and indicators of effective learning planning and in accordance with learning objectives, CD, AP, GPA and learning objectives that focus on positive values ??such as honesty, discipline, cooperation, responsibility , appreciate diversity, creativity, discipline, appreciate and desire to create individuals who are ethical and competent in facing life's challenges, 4) Exemplary good and correct CD, KI, CP, GPA. The aim of this research is that understanding and applying character values ??to core competencies can help form more competent and ethical individuals in society.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mendalam terhadap perubahan signifikan dalam kerangka hukum yang mengatur struktur pemerintahan dan kekuasaan negara sejak dimulainya era reformasi pada tahun 1998. Dengan fokus pada perubahan UUD 1945, sistem perwakilan, dan peran Mahkamah Konstitusi, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi pencapaian positif sekaligus tantangan yang perlu diatasi dalam menciptakan sistem hukum yang lebih adil, transparan, dan demokratis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi analisis dokumen dan literatur, penelitian ini memberikan gambaran komprehensif tentang perjalanan reformasi hukum tata negara di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa amendemen UUD 1945, sebagai langkah awal reformasi, mencakup aspek-aspek penting seperti hak asasi manusia, otonomi daerah, dan struktur parlemen. Sementara itu, pembahasan mengenai sistem perwakilan memperlihatkan kompleksitas dalam mengatasi ketidakseimbangan kekuasaan antar lembaga negara. Peran Mahkamah Konstitusi, sebagai penjaga dan penafsir konstitusi, menjadi poin kritis dalam menjaga konsistensi dan pelaksanaan UUD 1945. Meskipun demikian, tantangan seperti ketidakseimbangan kekuasaan dan resistensi terhadap perubahan di tingkat lokal masih menjadi kendala yang perlu diatasi. Kesimpulannya, penelitian ini memberikan gambaran menyeluruh tentang perubahan hukum tata negara di Indonesia, menggarisbawahi tantangan dan kritik sebagai panggilan untuk perbaikan lebih lanjut. Dengan pelibatan aktif seluruh elemen masyarakat, diharapkan Indonesia dapat terus memperkuat fondasi hukumnya menuju tatanan yang lebih adil, demokratis, dan berkeadilan.

This research discusses student character development through the implementation of a Quran reading literacy program at SMP Negeri 1 Sungai Pua. This program aims to improve students' understanding and skills in reading the Koran, as well as to form strong characters based on Islamic values. The research method used was an experiment with a pretest-posttest control group design, where students were divided into an experimental group that took part in the Quran reading literacy program and a control group that did not take part in the program. Data was collected through Quran reading comprehension tests and character scales. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The research results show that the implementation of the Quran reading literacy program significantly increases students' understanding of Quran reading and shapes their character in accordance with Islamic values.
 
 

This research aims to identify factors that influence repeat crime and explore prevention strategies that can reduce this tendency. Through a case study approach, this research analyzes several recidivism cases involving repeat offenders in Indonesia. Findings suggest that internal factors such as weak self-control and intimacy with religion, as well as external factors such as economic problems and negative social environments, play an important role in increasing the risk of recidivism. Criminological theories such as Social Structure Theory, Becker's Economic Theory, Opportunity Theory, and Social Learning Theory are used to understand the phenomenon of recidivism and identify effective prevention strategies. Based on the case analysis, comprehensive efforts are needed from various parties, including government agencies, communities, and non-profit organizations, to provide effective rehabilitation, increase supervision and social control, and provide social support to former drivers in order to reduce the risk of recidivism and strengthen community security overall.