This research aims to analyze the influence of the problem based learning model with a differentiation approach to the topic of harmony in the ecosystem of grade 5 elementary school students. The population in this study was class V students at Wadungasri Elementary School, Waru District, Sidoarjo Regency, totaling 77 students and a sample of 29 students was taken. Data collection techniques using questionnaires. Data processing techniques with validity testing using expert judgment techniques. Reliability test uses Alpha Cronbach. The swimmer analysis test is the normality test and linearity test. The data analysis technique used is a simple regression test. Research results: the guided inquiry learning model had an effect on students' critical thinking skills by 3.7%. The research results show that the problem based learning model with a differentiation approach to the topic Harmony in ecosystems is significantly effective in increasing students' understanding of ecosystems.

The porpuse of this discussion is to find out and analyze the leadership of elementary school principals to improve school quality. The method used is a literature review. The data collection technique is by reviewing or exploring several books, journals, and other documents tat are considered relevant. This research discusses the description of leadership and the leadership stile style of school principals. The principals leadership is a determinant of the success of realizing educational goals in the school which have been outlined in the  school’s vision and mission. Leadership style is the way a leader behaves, communicates, and interacts with other people in influencing people to do something. Several leadership styles that can be implemented by school principals: namely managerial leadership, transformational leadership, transactional leadership, teaching leadership, and positive leadership. School principals must carry out their duties professionally in order to achive national education goals.

Tindakan mempublikasi informasi pribadi seseorang tanpa seizin pemilik data pribadi (Doxing) yang marak terjadi dalam interaksi digital termasuk dalam kegiatan jual beli melalui sistem jasa titip online (Jastip). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah guna menganalisis pertanggungjawaban hukum atas tindakan doxing yang diperbuat oleh pemilik layanan jasa titip online sebagai bentuk penghakiman atas tindakan penipuan yang dilakukan oleh pelanggan. Pendekatan yuridis normatif digunakan untuk menggali permasalahan ini, yang berfokus pada pemahaman dan analisis aturan dan doktrin-doktrin hukum di Indonesia yang sudah ada dengan berpusat pada peraturan perundang-undangan terkait Undang-undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik dan KUHP. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa tindakan doxing dapat dikenakan sanksi hukum berdasarkan Pasal 27A dan Pasal 27B UU ITE yang mengatur tentang pencemaran nama baik dan penyebaran informasi yang melanggar hukum. Selain itu, pada kasus penipuan yang terjadi dalam sistem jasa titip online, Pasal 28 ayat (1) UU ITE dapat menjadi landasan hukum yang lebih relevan menggantikan ketentuan umum dalam Pasal 378 KUHP. Penyedia layanan jasa titip online disarankan untuk menetapkan peraturan yang jelas mengenai kewajiban dan sanksi, serta kebijakan pembatalan sepihak atau tindakan hukum jika pelanggan gagal melunasi. Bentuk penyelesaian masalah yang dipertimbangkan secara matang tidak hanya mengakhiri masalah secara menyeluruh, tetapi juga mencegah munculnya permasalahan baru.

This research aims to analyze the role of batik styles and tembung souvenirs from Percut Sei Tuan District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra, in developing local communities, especially in economic and cultural aspects. Batik with a typical regional style and tembung souvenirs are superior products that have the potential to increase people’s income and introduce local cultural riches. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach using observation techniques, interviews and content analysis of these craft products. The research results show that these two products have a positive impact on the community’s economy, especially through increasing the skills of local craftsmen and increasing tourist interest. Apart from that, batik products and tembung souvenirs help strengthen regional cultural identity and promote local uniqueness at a wider level. This research concludes that the development of batik style and tembung souvenirs has a strategic role in economic empowerment and cultural preservation in Percut Sei Tuan District. 

This study aims to understand how digital marketing and personal selling strategies influence consumer purchasing decisions at Jesika Store. Using a qualitative approach, this study collected data through in-depth interviews with several customers who had interacted with both marketing methods. The results showed that digital marketing plays an important role in increasing brand awareness and market reach, while personal selling focuses more on building personal relationships that strengthen consumer trust, which ultimately influences their purchasing decisions. Both strategies have a significant influence in determining consumer choices.

Education is an essential component in an individual’s life which plays a role in providing self-development, determining the future, and forming national identity. In the educational process, reading skills are an important aspect because reading is the key to gaining knowledge. A high interest in reading will encourage students to learn independently and broaden their horizons. However, interest in reading is often influenced by internal factors such as understanding the benefits of reading, and external factors such as the social environment and the availability of learning media.  Games Book-based learning media is one solution to increase students’ reading interest. This media combines game elements with learning, creating an interactive and fun learning atmosphere. Games Books are also able to stimulate creativity, increase learning motivation, and support collaborative learning. In its implementation, this media is designed to attract students’ attention with educational games such as mazes, puzzles, puzzles and other games. As a result, the use of this media has proven to be effective in increasing students’ reading interest. This research aims to explore the potential of using Games Books in increasing students’ reading interest, especially at the elementary school level. With a creative educational approach, it is hoped that this media can make a positive contribution to the learning process, support the achievement of educational goals, and create meaningful learning experiences.
 

In the midst of the increasingly rapid digital era, MSMEs in Indonesia, including the “Naza” perfume MSME in Cikarang, face challenges in increasing productivity and competitiveness. This community service activity aims to assist “Naza” perfume MSMEs in increasing productivity through assistance in implementing digital marketing strategies and online payments. By using qualitative methods which include observation, surveys and in-depth interviews as well as direct assistance. This service activity found that perfume MSMEs in Indonesia, including “Naza”, experience obstacles in utilizing the potential of digital marketing and online payments and it turns out that the implementation of digital marketing strategies through Instagram social media and online payments through QRIS and E-Wallet has succeeded in increasing product visibility, expanding market reach and increasing effective and efficient transactions. This service activity concluded that the importance of effective and efficient assistance for MSMEs in dealing with digital technology and competitiveness in the digitalization era to achieve sustainable growth.

The development of competent human resources (HR) is a top priority for improving the quality of life in society. In education, teachers' ability to enhance their skills is key to successful learning. However, many teachers struggle to adapt teaching methods to the demands of the digital era, especially in utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology. AI offers innovative solutions such as personalized learning and adaptive platforms that enhance the effectiveness of teaching and learning processes. This study examines the implementation of AI-based learning models and teacher training programs in Muhammadiyah schools in Semarang. Using the Training of Trainer (ToT) approach, the program equips teachers with skills such as using adaptive learning tools and AI-based evaluation systems. The study employs a mixed-methods approach involving practical training and result evaluation. The findings reveal improved digital literacy and confidence among teachers in using AI for interactive learning. In conclusion, AI has great potential to transform education, but its success depends on comprehensive, ethical, and sustainable strategies. The ToT program serves as a strategic step to empower teachers to face educational challenges in the digital era.

Fish is one type of aquatic product widely used by the community because of its advantages as a food ingredient, including a source of important nutrients such as protein, vitamins, fat, and minerals. Fish is often found in cans. Canned packaging contains the heavy metals lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and zinc (Zn), which can be released into food due to the long storage period. This study aims to identify and analyze heavy metals Pb, Cd, and Zn levels in canned tuna with an expiration date of less than 1 year. Samples of canned tuna came from five different brands. Qualitative analysis used color reagents, while quantitative research used an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The qualitative study results showed that three samples of tuna contained heavy metals. Samples B and C were positive for Pb metal, while samples A and B were positive for Zn metal. The concentration of Pb metal was measured in sample B at 117.9 mg/Kg and in sample C at -0.0147 mg/Kg. The concentration of Zn metal in sample A was -0.0048 mg/Kg, and in sample B, it was -0.147 mg/Kg.
 

Childbirth, whether through vaginal delivery or Cesarean section (CS), is a significant event often accompanied by psychological challenges such as anxiety, particularly among women undergoing CS. This quantitative study aimed to explore the correlation between spousal support and anxiety levels in 40 first-time CS candidates. Using purposive sampling, this research employed the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) and the Spousal Support Questionnaire as measurement tools. The majority of respondents were aged 26-35 years (80%), in their third trimester of pregnancy (100%), primigravida (80%), and presented with indications for CS (65%). All respondents reported receiving supportive spousal support during their pregnancy. The study revealed that 70% of mothers experienced mild anxiety, with only 5% reporting moderate anxiety. Statistical analysis using the Spearman rank test demonstrated a significant relationship between spousal support and anxiety levels among first-time CS candidates (p = 0.034, p < 0.05). This suggests that higher levels of spousal support correlate with lower anxiety levels in expectant mothers undergoing CS. The findings underscore the importance of spousal support during pregnancy and childbirth, highlighting the need for partners to accompany and provide emotional support to mitigate anxiety. Future research should explore additional factors influencing anxiety and consider interventions to enhance support mechanisms for expectant mothers undergoing CS.