This research is classroom action research that aims to improve learning outcomes in Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS). The topic is changing forms of energy in class IV-B students, SDN Pakis 01 Surabaya. The number of students in the class consists of 25. The data collection method used consists of observation, tests, and documentation. The learning model applied is problem-based learning (PBL). The research results show that the learning model Problem-Based Learning (PBL) can significantly improve student learning outcomes in science subjects. The pre-cycle results showed a completion rate of 32%; in cycle 1, it increased to 56%, and then in cycle 2, it increased to 80%. Implementation of learning models (problem-based learning) has succeeded in achieving the expected targets and can effectively improve student learning outcomes, especially in class IV-B at SDN Pakis 1 Surabaya in the 2024-2025 academic year. The learning model of problem-based learning (PBL) is also known for its effectiveness in building students' critical thinking skills so that it can help make the learning process easier.
 
 

This service activity was carried out by students who carried out KKN at STF UIN Jakarta with a focus on raising and optimizing productive waqf funds for the construction of an Empowerment House in Cidokom Village. Through the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method, this activity involves students, lecturers, local communities and international volunteers in raising funds and implementing economic empowerment programs. As a result, the Empowerment House has become an educational and economic center that supports improving people's skills and independence, while also functioning as an integrated laboratory for students and lecturers. The success of this program shows that productive waqf can be a strategic instrument in building a sustainable and inclusive community economy.

Language is humanity's primary tool for communication, enabling the exchange of ideas, feelings, and ideas between individuals in social and academic contexts. The use of formal and informal language by students is an important topic in the educational context, especially for Faculty of Education students who will become teaching staff in the future. This research aims to analyze the use of formal and informal language in the daily lives of students at the Faculty of Education, Medan State University, and understand the importance of mastering these two types of language in their role as prospective educators. Using a questionnaire method distributed to 47 respondents, the research results showed that students tend to use informal language in everyday social interactions, while formal language is more dominantly used in academic situations. However, there are difficulties in maintaining consistent use of formal language in academic environments due to the influence of social media and informal habits in everyday life. This research highlights the need for a deeper understanding of the use of language appropriate to the context, both formal and informal, in order to improve students' communication skills in their role as prospective educators.

Kota Surabaya menghadapi risiko bencana alam seperti banjir, gempa bumi, dan tsunami, sehingga kebijakan penanggulangan bencana yang efektif memerlukan peran aktif pemimpin daerah. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi peran Wali Kota dan Kepala Pelaksana BPBD Kota Surabaya dalam mendukung penanggulangan bencana melalui kebijakan dan kegiatan yang dilakukan. Metode yang digunakan adalah Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) untuk mengevaluasi dampak dan efektivitas langkah-langkah yang diambil oleh kedua pemangku kepentingan, menggunakan data sekunder dari peraturan daerah yang relevan. Kepemimpinan Wali Kota dinilai berdasarkan sembilan aspek: Peraturan Daerah tentang Penyelenggaraan Penanggulangan Bencana, pembentukan BPBD, Forum PRB, penyebaran informasi kebencanaan, Rencana Penanggulangan Bencana, Tataruang Berbasis Pengurangan Risiko Bencana, alokasi anggaran, RPJMD, dan dukungan lainnya untuk BPBD. Sementara itu, kepemimpinan Kepala Pelaksana BPBD dinilai berdasarkan enam aspek: pengkajian risiko dan perencanaan terpadu, pengembangan sistem informasi, pendidikan dan logistik, penanganan kawasan rawan bencana, peningkatan efektivitas pencegahan dan mitigasi bencana, kesiapsiagaan dan penanganan darurat bencana, serta pemulihan bencana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan Wali Kota Surabaya telah melaksanakan 8 dari 9 aspek penting penanggulangan bencana, mencerminkan komitmen kuat dalam memperkuat kerangka hukum dan operasional. Sementara itu, kepemimpinan Kepala Pelaksana BPBD juga efektif dalam menjalankan enam aspek utama. Kebijakan dan inisiatif Wali Kota Eri Cahyadi dan Kepala BPBD Agus Hebi Djuniantoro menunjukkan kesiapan dan kapasitas Surabaya dalam mengelola risiko bencana secara komprehensif sangat mendukung penanggulangan bencana di Kota Surabaya.

Penguasaan negara atas bumi, air dan ruang angkasa mengandung arti memberi wewenang negara untuk mengatur dan menyelenggarakan peruntukan, penggunaan, persediaan dan pemeliharaan bumi, air dan ruang angkasa, antara orang dengan bumi, air dan ruang angkasa. Banyaknya permintaan pertambangan di Kabupaten Belitung di pesisir dan laut secara ilegal mendorong negara dengan kebijakannya mereklamasi hasil pertambangan dengan menjaga kondisi lingkungan yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui observasi di kawasan reklamasi dengan wawancara mendalam dengan responden pengelola lahan, dinas terkait, informan maupun pihak/tokoh kunci (key-persons) yang berkompeten. Data sekunder diperoleh melalui mengkaji kebijakan, kebiasaan masyarakat setempat sebagai kearifan lokal menjaga kelestarian lingkungan yang berkelanjutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan di Kabupaten Belitung banyak areal pesisir dan laut yang digunakan untuk pertambangan yang merusak lingkungan, maka diadakan kebijakan pemerintah. Target kegiatan orientasi yaitu seluruh elemen masyarakat dan para pihak terkait diharapkan dapat bermanfaat bagi semua pihak sehingga tidak ada pihak yang merasa dirugikan. Metode rehabilitasi dengan pola penanaman menggunakan bibit jenis Rhizophora dengan alasan bibit ini mudah didapatkan dan kuat menahan laju dari pasang surut air laut.

Good logistics management of medicines is one of the factors so that medicines can be managed well. The pharmacy unit of the Kolaka District Health Service has problems with inadequate storage or storage of medicines and delays in the arrival of medicines. The aim of this research is to determine the Analysis of Drug Logistics Management at the Kolaka District Health Service. The research uses qualitative methods through in-depth interviews, observations and observation guides. The results of the research show that at the drug planning stage using the consumption method, drug procurement using an e-catalog system, drug storage is still not good because the warehouse is not large enough for drug storage. Suggestions for the Kolaka District Health Service.

This study focuses on the concept of salvation by grace as taught in Romans 3:23-26 and its relevance to the understanding of the GKPPD congregation today. Through a literature review with a theological approach, it was found that the doctrine of salvation by grace is the core of Christian teaching. In this passage, the Apostle Paul explains that all humans have sinned and fallen short of the glory of God (Romans 3:23). However, salvation is given through redemption in Christ Jesus, not as a result of human effort, but as a gift of God alone (Romans 3:24). Salvation is given through faith in the blood of Christ which redeems and takes away sin (Romans 3:25). In the context of the congregation today, the understanding of salvation by grace remains relevant. Many GKPPD congregations are still trapped in trying to obtain salvation through or obedience to the law, even though Romans 3:23-26 emphasizes the importance of faith in Christ's redemptive work. This study highlights that teaching about God's grace should foster a sense of gratitude, humility, and commitment to living in faith, not in fear or legalism. This study confirms that the concept of salvation through grace is the center of Christian faith teachings that need to continue to be lived and conveyed in the lives of the GKPPD congregation today and increase theological knowledge about the concept of salvation and can be a reference for theology students and reading materials in the IAKN Tarutung library.

This study aims to analyze the role of the State Administrative Court Procedure Law (PTUN) in protecting citizens' rights against decisions of state administrative officials that are considered detrimental. In the context of a state of law, PTUN functions as a control mechanism against actions of administrative officials that are not in accordance with the law. The research method used is a qualitative approach, with data collection through literature studies, and analysis of PTUN decision documents. The results of the study indicate that PTUN plays an important role in upholding the principles of a state of law and providing legal protection for citizens. However, there are still challenges in its implementation, such as the slow trial process, lack of public understanding of PTUN procedures, and limited access to legal aid. To overcome these challenges, an increase in the number of judges, broader legal education for the public, and better access to legal aid services are needed. In conclusion, PTUN procedural law plays a vital role in ensuring that decisions of state administrative officials can be tested and legally accounted for, thus providing effective protection for citizens.

This article aims to explain the implementation of socialization activities on factors for choosing transportation modes, especially at the Gunung Harta Autobus Company (PO), with the dominant factor being passenger comfort. The socialization method used is direct counseling for staff, drivers, and passengers at PO Gunung Harta. PO Gunung Harta's commitment to passenger comfort can be seen in various initiatives and consistency, such as the number of passengers carried according to bus capacity, main facilities in the form of luggage racks, and additional facilities in the form of window film and audiovisual facilities placed in the passenger room. It is hoped that this commitment will become a reference for other POs in improving services to provide a comfortable mode of transportation. It is hoped that the results of the outreach will increase public awareness about the importance of driving safely and wisely when choosing modes of transportation in order to create safer and more comfortable travel for all.

The extractive political economy chosen by the New Oder since the beginning of its rule has transformed natural resource-rich areas in Indonesia into areas at the heart of global capitalism. In the past, extractive politics began by opening the tap for foreign capital to exploit forests, converting scrubland into monoculture plantations and exploiting coal deposits. At the same time, colonial demographic politics were revived to open up major extractive areas, transforming scrubland from former HPH concessions into agricultural areas, alongside coal mining exploration. Tenggarong Seberang District, East Kalimantan has experienced social reconfiguration many times, from an area with a subsistence production model to a major coal extractive area in Kutai Kartanegara Regency. This article describes how Manunggal Jaya Village, which was previously managed by the local farming community, became a center for transmigrant settlements that successfully transformed the village into a center for Kutai rice farming during the New Order era; and drastically changed into a center for supporting services for the multinational mining industry after regional autonomy. The research was conducted for 2 months involving 3 researchers, 2 research assistants throughout August-October 2024. Primary data was collected through observation and in-depth interviews with 10 key informants. The results of the study found a social reconfiguration of the position and role of transmigrant farmers in Tenggarong Seberang. Transmigrants came from poor areas in East Java, became the dominant social class throughout the 1980s-90s, changed drastically into the most vulnerable marginal class entering the mid-2000s. Agricultural land conversion to mining sites, reduced government support; pressures from companies, village bureaucrats, and land brokers have placed significant burdens on farmers. They face water scarcity, land degradation, pollution, new pests, and psychological stress; discouraging younger generations from farming and leaving remaining farmers to struggle under these challenges.