This research discusses the application of musyarakah contracts as a sharia financing solution for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the midst of digital economic development. MSMEs have a crucial role in sustaining the Indonesian economy, but still experience difficulties in accessing fair and sustainable financing. The musyarakah agreement, with its partnership and profit-sharing principles, is considered to be in line with the character of MSMEs that prioritize cooperation and justice. Through a qualitative approach based on a literature study, this research explores the potential, regulatory challenges, and strategies to strengthen the implementation of digital musyarakah. The results of the analysis show that digitalization offers great opportunities in promoting Islamic financial inclusion, but is still constrained by low digital literacy, limited infrastructure, and weak supervision of sharia principles. Therefore, a strategy is needed that includes improving education, developing Islamic financial technology, and collaboration between regulators, financial service providers, and MSME players. This study concludes that the successful implementation of digital musyarakah requires an integrated approach so that MSMEs are able to access Islamic financing independently, fairly and sustainably.

This study aims to analyze the influence of creativity and entrepreneurial knowledge on the development of entrepreneurial spirit among young people in the digital era, specifically students of the Faculty of Economics, Universitas Negeri Medan. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS. The results show that both variables, both partially and simultaneously, have a significant influence on the entrepreneurial spirit. Entrepreneurial knowledge prov
 

Pharmaceutical packaging serves not only as a means of protecting the product but also as a source of information and quality assurance for consumers. However, various studies indicate that packaging defects remain a significant issue in the pharmaceutical industry. This article is a literature review that examines several studies related to the analysis of the causes of packaging defects in pharmaceutical preparations. Based on the review of multiple scientific journals, it was found that packaging defects are generally caused by a combination of technical and non-technical factors, such as machine failure, operator error, inappropriate raw material specifications, and insufficient quality control.

This research aims to identify the impact of service quality and promotion on customer satisfaction at Alfamart in Semarang Regency. The research entity group includes residents in the West Ungaran area of Semarang Regency. The participant selection method uses a non-probability approach, specifically a directed selective method. Participants include West Ungaran residents who have passed the age threshold of 17 years and have previously conducted transactions at Alfamart in Semarang Regency. The information collection mechanism is carried out through the distribution of survey instruments using a multi-level assessment scale. Data is processed through multiple regression testing. The investigative findings reveal that service quality exerts a significant influence on customer satisfaction, based on statistical test results demonstrating the significance value of service quality at 0.000, which falls below 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05), with a test statistic of 5.727 surpassing the critical threshold of 1.986 (5.727 > 1.986). Promotional efforts similarly contribute meaningfully to customer satisfaction, reflected through testing that generated a significance value of 0.002 beneath the 0.05 threshold (0.002 < 0.05) and a test statistic of 3.211 exceeding the critical limit of 1.986 (3.211 > 1.986). Subsequently, customer satisfaction is simultaneously influenced by service quality and promotional strategies, evident from the analysis with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05 in the simultaneous test and a statistic of 153.608 transcending the critical value of 3.09 in Semarang Regency at Alfamart.

This paper provides a comprehensive examination of the concept and implementation of skill management as a cohesive set of competencies encompassing technical, interpersonal, conceptual, and strategic skills within organizational and entrepreneurial contexts. The background highlights the critical role of skill management in addressing the challenges posed by a highly competitive and rapidly evolving business environment, where mastery of these competencies determines both individual and organizational effectiveness in planning, organizing, leading, and controlling resources to achieve collective objectives. Grounded in a literature review of seminal works by Robbins & Coulter, Katz, Drucker, Mintzberg, Armstrong, and Barney & Hesterly, this study adopts a structured approach that covers definitions, classification of skill types, their roles in organizations, development strategies, implementation challenges, and applications in entrepreneurship. The findings indicate that: (1) technical, human, and conceptual skills are complementary across different managerial levels; (2) skill development requires a blend of formal education, field practice, mentorship, and technology utilization; (3) primary challenges include technological adaptation, complexity of decision-making, and limitations in training resources; and (4) in entrepreneurial ventures, effective skill management is fundamental to planning, finance, human resources, innovation, and communication. In conclusion, skill management should not be viewed as a static competency but as a strategic asset that must be continuously enhanced through lifelong learning, enabling both individuals and organizations to sustain growth and resilience in the era of globalization and digital transformation.

Telegram telah menjadi salah satu aplikasi komunikasi yang populer namun juga sering disalahgunakan untuk aktivitas kriminal. Dalam upaya mengungkap kejahatan digital yang dilakukan melalui Telegram, metode Digital Forensic Research Workshop (DFRWS) diterapkan untuk memastikan integritas dan akurasi dalam pengumpulan, analisis, dan pelaporan bukti digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua alat forensik, yaitu MOBILedit Forensic Express dan DB Browser for SQLite dalam mengumpulkan bukti digital dari aplikasi Telegram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa MOBILedit Forensic Express berhasil menemukan 40% dari total barang bukti yang diharapkan, yaitu berupa file video dan gambar. Sementara itu, DB Browser for SQLite berhasil mengumpulkan 20% dari total barang bukti yang diharapkan, yaitu berupa data kontak pelaku.

This community service activity was carried out through the Entrepreneurial University Accelerator Initiative programme designed to develop the entrepreneurial skills of Universitas Perjuangan Tasikmalaya Management students. The programme was conducted in the form of a bootcamp that focused on making products from melon-based ingredients, aiming to improve students' competence in product innovation and entrepreneurship based on local ingredients. A total of 5 students were actively involved in this bootcamp, which lasted for 5 days with a series of training that included understanding the product value chain, production techniques, marketing, and market analysis. Through evaluation, 85% of students were able to produce market-ready product prototypes, such as melon juice, jam, and melon-based healthy snacks. In addition, 92% of participants showed significant improvement in their understanding of marketing and product development strategies. The results of this programme showed success in encouraging students' creativity and entrepreneurial skills based on local potential. Overall, the programme had a positive impact in equipping students with relevant skills to face labour market challenges and strengthening the entrepreneurial ecosystem in the academic environment. 

Sistem presensi guru di SMK Islam Darussalam Lombok Barat masih menggunakan metode manual yang memerlukan waktu dan tenaga yang cukup besar serta rentan terhadap kesalahan manusia. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sistem presensi guru menggunakan kartu RFID berbasis Internet of Things (IoT). Sistem ini terdiri dari beberapa komponen utama, yaitu NodeMCU ESP8266, modul RFID, LCD, dan buzzer. Proses pengembangan sistem dimulai dengan identifikasi kebutuhan melalui interaksi langsung dengan pihak sekolah untuk memahami kebutuhan dan masalah yang ada dalam sistem presensi saat ini. Berdasarkan analisis tersebut, dirancanglah purwarupa sistem presensi yang dapat mendeteksi kartu RFID, menampilkan informasi pada LCD, memberikan notifikasi audio melalui buzzer, serta mengirim data presensi secara otomatis ke Google Spreadsheet untuk pemantauan dan pengelolaan data secara real-time. Hasil uji coba menunjukkan bahwa sistem presensi yang dikembangkan berhasil berfungsi dengan baik. Modul RFID dapat mendeteksi kartu RFID dengan jarak maksimal 5-6 cm. LCD menampilkan informasi identitas guru yang terdaftar dengan jelas, sementara buzzer memberikan notifikasi audio saat kartu RFID terdeteksi. Data presensi juga berhasil dikirim dan ditampilkan secara otomatis di Google Spreadsheet. Meskipun sistem ini telah berfungsi sesuai dengan yang diharapkan, terdapat beberapa saran vii untuk pengembangan lebih lanjut. Penambahan sensor sidik jari atau sensor wajah dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan keamanan sistem, mengingat kartu RFID dapat saja tertinggal atau hilang. Peningkatan jarak deteksi RFID juga dapat dipertimbangkan untuk kenyamanan pengguna. Dengan demikian, diharapkan sistem ini dapat memberikan solusi yang lebih efisien dan andal dalam mencatat kehadiran guru di SMK Islam Darussalam Lombok Barat.

Digital image segmentation is essential in image processing, influencing the accuracy of higher-level tasks. Thresholding is widely used, yet identifying optimal threshold values remains challenging. The Firefly Algorithm with Neighbourhood Attraction (FaNA), a metaheuristic approach, is efficient for color image thresholding but underperforms on grayscale images due to suboptimal thresholds. To overcome this, an enhanced version (eFaNA) was developed by integrating a chaotic tent map for population initialization and a Lévy flight-based random walk for improved exploration. eFaNA was compared with FaNA, fuzzy firefly algorithm (FFA), and the standard Firefly Algorithm (FA) in multilevel thresholding of grayscale images. Results demonstrate that eFaNA achieves superior segmentation quality with minimal detail loss, outperforming the others. The average PSNR obtained by eFaNA, FFA, FaNA, and FA was 25.5320 dB, 25.4075 dB, 24.1522 dB, and 24.4506 dB, respectively; average SSIM was 0.8641, 0.8604, 0.8432, and 0.6703; and execution time was 50.5322, 38.7726, 38.7528, and 107.6340 seconds, respectively. This reflects a PSNR improvement of 5.71% over FaNA, 0.49% over FFA, and 4.42% over FA, and an SSIM gain of 2.48% over FaNA, 0.43% over FFA, and 28.92% over FA. While eFaNA lags behind FFA and FaNA in execution time by ~11.8 seconds, it significantly outperforms FA. The performance gain is attributed to the chaotic tent map’s diverse initialization and the Lévy flight’s enhanced search capability. These improvements enable eFaNA to deliver consistently better threshold values and segmentation results. However, its relatively higher computational cost may limit applicability in real-time image processing.

This article discusses the importance of counselor ethics and competencies in the context of multicultural counseling in Indonesia. Counseling, as a professional service, requires an ethical relationship between counselor and client to support individual development. By upholding ethical values, counselors can understand and appreciate the cultural differences that exist, thus being able to provide inclusive and effective services. This research uses a qualitative method with a literature study to explore the function of ethics in multicultural counseling and the barriers faced. The results showed that multicultural awareness and ethical competence are necessary to overcome challenges in counseling practice.