This study aims to design and produce Student Worksheets (LKPD) based on the Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) on class XI human respiratory system material. This type of research is Research and Development (Reasearch & Development) with the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation). The subjects of this study were 2 material expert validator lecturers and 2 learning expert validator lecturers, the assessment of 1 biology teacher, and the responses of class XI MIPA-3 students of SMAN 1 Labuhan Deli T.A. 2022/2023. Data analysis used quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that the development of STAD-based LKPD obtained validation results by material experts of 96.88% in the "very feasible" category, validation by learning experts of 90.13% in the "very feasible" category, assessment by biology teachers of 93.42 % in the "very feasible" category, the student response was 94.96% in the "very feasible" category, and the results of the effectiveness test obtained an N-gain score of 0.72 which was included in the "high" category and was considered effective in being used in the learning process biology in the material of the human respiratory system.

With the development of technology in communication, many applications make it easy to send messages. security in sending messages is something that cannot be excluded. E2EE (End-to-end encryption) is one of the most encryption for securing messages. in the discussion of literature review produces information on how applications such as whatsApp, Skype, Facebook messenger, line and viber implement E2EE in encrypting text messages specifically.

In the rapidly evolving digital era, the use of mobile applications has become a fundamental necessity across various sectors, including the construction industry. PT Home Center Indonesia, which specializes in providing and installing furniture for building projects, faces challenges in the QC Pass Land recording process, which is currently done manually. This practice poses risks of data loss, miscommunication with vendors, human errors, and data invalidity, ultimately disrupting work efficiency. This study aims to develop a mobile application to replace the manual recording system in the QC Pass Land process for the Sky House BSD project. The application is designed to enhance the efficiency, accuracy, and reliability of data recording while minimizing the risk of information loss through the implementation of a structured digital system. Additionally, the application is equipped with a feature that allows the inclusion of photo evidence, thereby improving data validity. The results of developing this mobile application are expected to accelerate the recording and furniture installation process, reduce the time required for data verification, and provide a solution that can be implemented in future projects. Through this practical work, the implementation of the application is anticipated to run effectively and contribute significantly to improving the QC Pass Land process at PT Home Center Indonesia.

Courses related to procedural law are practicum courses with Course Learning Outcomes (CLO)/ Capaian Pembelajaran Mata Kuliah (CPMK) students who can simulate trials in court. In this case, the moot courtroom's urgency is to provide an infrastructure for students to conduct moot trials. One of the practicum courses is the Constitutional Court's Judicial Procedural Law. Students who take this course must be competent and able to practice in the objective realm of justice. However, based on the observation and tracing results, the service activities' partners do not have a moot courtroom in the constitutional court, so they cannot carry out moot court in the course. Digital/virtual space, known as Metaverse, is a solution for procuring infrastructure for the constitutional court's moot courtroom. The results of this service show that the Metaverse Moot Court of the Constitutional Court is an appropriate technology-based product that is the only quick solution to the absence and limitations of the Constitutional Court's moot courtroom at Partner universities. Partners do not need to spend millions to billions of Rupiahs to procure facilities and infrastructure for the Constitutional Court's moot courtroom. In addition, this product is a solution to time constraints, considering that the campus has operational hours while students are still required to be proficient in practicing proceedings at the Constitutional Court. Finally, the virtual reality technology product implemented in this pseudo-courtroom provides an immersive experience like the real atmosphere in the courtroom. It makes students more excited and increases motivation to practice the trial.

PT Bumi Daya Plaza faces various obstacles in managing inventory because it still relies on a manual system based on Microsoft Excel. This approach causes a number of problems, such as recording errors, low data security, and limited real-time access, which negatively affect operational efficiency and customer satisfaction. This study aims to develop a web-based inventory system to overcome these problems. This system is designed to be able to monitor stock in real time, automate the reordering process, and generate accurate reports automatically. The research methodology includes interviews, observations, and document analysis to ensure user needs are met. The implementation results show that this system can improve work efficiency, reduce recording errors, and strengthen data-based decision making. With this innovation, PT Bumi Daya Plaza is expected to increase competitiveness and respond to market needs more effectively.

This study aims to examine the relationship between critical thinking and scientific argumentation in the context of science learning. This research method is a systematic literature review of articles published between 2012 and 2022 and indexed in Scopus at least Quartile 2 (Q2), so the quality of the articles is high. This research found 17,800 articles in the search results for related articles published in the last decade, but only 11 met the criteria. Findings from the literature review indicate an interdependent relationship between critical thinking and scientific argumentation, and both make significant contributions to science learning. Other information obtained from this research is that there are several methods for training and developing critical thinking and scientific argumentation in science learning: argument maps and concept maps, essential reading activities, argumentative texts or discourse, discussion activities, analytical questions, learning technology, and specific learning strategies. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that critical thinking and scientific argumentation are interconnected skills and contribute to learning. The complexity of the relationship between critical thinking and scientific argumentation in science learning can encourage deeper learning and understanding of concepts.

This report is titled "Development of an Application System to Improve the Efficiency of Food Distribution in Nutritious Healthy Community Groups." This research aims to design and implement a technology-based application system that manages the food distribution process for healthy and nutritious community groups, especially for the elderly. The Healthy and Nutritious Community Group is an organization that is committed to providing and distributing nutritious food to the community. One of the main challenges faced by this organization is the lack of efficiency in the distribution process which is still carried out conventionally. This conventional practice often leads to delays in delivery as well as inaccuracies in the distribution of groceries. Data was collected through direct observation and in-depth interviews with the organization's managers as well as the couriers involved in the distribution process.

An effective school payment system will trigger the performance of the agency to be better than before. Web-Based School Administration Payment System Application at SMPI Nurush Shodiqin, In the world of education, an efficient and integrated administration system is very important to maintain the smooth running of academic and management processes, including data management of students, teachers, and school management. Nurush Shodiqin Islamic Junior High School (SMPI), as one of the educational institutions in the region, experiences problems in administrative management. The administration system used is still manual, especially in terms of recording student data, recapitulating grades, and paying tuition fees. This causes various problems such as data input errors, loss of important records, and delays in delivering information to related parties. . Therefore, the implementation of a Web-based Administration System at SMPI Nurush Shodiqin is a relevant solution. This system is expected to be able to overcome existing problems and improve the quality of school administration services. With a web-based system, it is expected that the administration process can be carried out more quickly, accurately, and transparently.

Raudhatul Athfal Nurul Hidayah is a kindergarten located in Rawa Panjang, Bojong Gede, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat. The use of technology in education is increasing, especially in terms of school administration such as tuition payments and new student registration. The online tuition payment and registration system is designed to facilitate the administration process for schools and parents of students. With this system, parents can make tuition payments and student registration online through an application or website, without having to come directly to the school. This study aims to develop and implement an efficient and user-friendly online tuition payment and registration system.The methods used include system design, collecting user needs data, and system testing. The results of the study show that this system can reduce the time and costs required in the payment and registration process, as well as increase data transparency and accuracy. This system also makes it easier for schools to manage financial data and student registration. Thus, the online tuition payment and registration system can be a practical solution in supporting the digitalization of school administration

The advancement of information technology has driven the need for more effective and efficient attendance systems, especially for companies with a distributed workforce. PT. Asia Sinergi Solusindo faces challenges in managing employee attendance in real-time based on predefined work locations. This study aims to design a location-based attendance application system utilizing Global Positioning System (GPS) technology to ensure employees can only mark attendance at locations specified by the administrator. The system was developed using the *waterfall* software development methodology, encompassing requirements analysis, system design, implementation, and testing. The application was built on the Android platform with cloud-based database integration to centrally store attendance data. The results show that the system enhances attendance data accuracy, reduces fraud risks, and facilitates real-time employee attendance monitoring. Thus, this application is expected to provide an effective solution to support attendance management at PT. Asia Sinergi Solusindo.