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This study aims to analyze the impact of shipping costs and prices on the behavior of consumers using Grab services in Medan City. The research employs a quantitative approach through a survey by distributing questionnaires to 99 respondents who have utilized Grab services (GrabFood or GrabExpress) in the last six months. Data analysis is conducted using validity, reliability, normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity tests, multiple linear regression, t-tests, F-tests, and the coefficient of determination (R²) with the assistance of SPSS version 25 software. The results indicate that shipping costs have a positive but insignificant effect on consumer behavior (sig. 0.172 > 0.05), while price has a positive and significant effect on consumer behavior (sig. 0.000 < 0.05). Simultaneously, both variables significantly influence consumer behavior with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. The coefficient of determination shows that 50.8% of consumer behavior is influenced by shipping costs and prices, while the remaining percentage is affected by other variables outside the model. Based on these findings, it is recommended that Grab maintain competitive pricing and continue to innovate its services to attract more consumers.    

This study aims to analyze the influence of Fear of Missing Out (FoMo) and flash sales on impulsive buying behavior among Shopee users, specifically focusing on students at Universitas Jambi. The rapid development of digital technology and the rise of e-commerce have increased the prevalence of impulsive buying, particularly among younger generations who are highly influenced by social media and online promotions. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method involving 100 active students of Universitas Jambi who are Shopee users and have made purchases during flash sale events. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression to examine the effect of FoMo and flash sales on impulsive buying behavior. The results indicate that both FoMo and flash sales have a positive and significant influence on impulsive buying, both partially and simultaneously. These findings suggest that marketing strategies based on urgency and the fear of missing out are effective in triggering impulsive consumer behavior among students. This research is expected to contribute to the development of more ethical marketing strategies and raise consumer awareness in managing shopping behavior.

Independent internship activities are one of the educational strategies that aim to bridge theory with the practice of the world of work. This study aims to describe the implementation of independent internships for students at PT Taman Timur Regensi Surabaya and its contribution to improving students' competence and understanding of the property industry. The research method uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques in the form of direct observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The results of the study indicate that internship activities support the improvement of students' technical skills, especially in the fields of project administration, management of legal documents, and understanding of housing development flows. In addition, students' soft skills, such as professional communication, teamwork, and time management, have also experienced significant development. In conclusion, independent internships at PT Taman Timur Regensi are an effective medium to prepare students to face the world of work in the property industry in a more prepared and competent manner.

This study delves into the philosophical and theological core of the concept of ownership in Islamic economics, a paradigm fundamentally distinct from capitalism and socialism. We uncover the essence of ownership as a divine trust, categorized into individual, public, and state domains. Our findings demonstrate how each type of ownership is governed by clear boundaries and rights, tightly integrated with social responsibility to achieve universal well-being and distributive justice. This study also examines the dynamic harmonization between private and public ownership, achieved through vital instruments like zakat, infaq, sadaqah, and productive waqf, as well as the crucial role of government in providing public goods. Despite facing significant challenges such as the dominance of the global capitalist economy and low sharia literacy, we highlight digitalization as a strategic opportunity to boost the efficiency, transparency, and inclusion of sharia finance. This opportunity holds substantial potential to strengthen the harmonization of ownership within the broader Islamic economic ecosystem. In short, a deep understanding of this Islamic concept of ownership is key to formulating more just and balanced economic policies and community development in today's rapidly evolving modern era.

This study aims to analyze the content strategy implemented by PT Citi Asia Internasional on Instagram to increase audience engagement as an effort to build brand awareness. In the digital era, social media has become a crucial tool for companies to reach consumers or partners directly, especially through Instagram, which is characterized by its visual and interactive nature. This research employs a qualitative narrative approach with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation of PT Citi Asia Internasional’s official Instagram account. The results of the study show that the use of consistent, interactive, and audience-relevant content strategies positively contributes to increased engagement, which indirectly strengthens brand awareness. Optimization through visual elements, compelling captions, and the use of Instagram features such as stories, reels, and carousels has also proven effective in building closer communication with followers. Thus, a well-planned and trend-adaptive content strategy becomes the key to creating a strong relationship between the brand and its audience on social media.

The Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector plays a crucial role in economic development by helping to reduce inequality resulting from uneven development processes. This study aims to analyze the simultaneous and partial effects of capital, price, working hours, facilities, and promotion on income, as well as to examine the moderating role of promotion on the effect of price on the income of coffee shop MSMEs in Denpasar City. The sample consisted of 85 coffee shop MSMEs selected using simple random sampling. The data analysis technique employed was moderated regression analysis (MRA). The results show that simultaneously, capital, price, working hours, facilities, and promotion significantly affect the income of coffee shop MSMEs in Denpasar. Partially, each of these variables—capital, price, working hours, facilities, and promotion—has a significant positive influence on income. Coffee shops equipped with complete facilities tend to earn higher income compared to those with fewer amenities. The findings also reveal that coffee shops utilizing promotional strategies generate higher income than those that do not. It is recommended that coffee shop MSME operators focus on long-term promotional strategies to build customer loyalty and increase income.

Cyber crime is increasingly prevalent with various modes, one of which is fraud under the guise of lottery prizes. This crime not only causes financial losses but also complicates law enforcement officials in terms of jurisdiction, especially if the perpetrators and victims are located in different regions, even across countries. This research aims to analyze how jurisdiction is enforced in dealing with cyber-based fraud crimes and examine the effectiveness of national legal instruments against the digital fraud mode. The research method used is a normative juridical approach with secondary data analyzed descriptively-analytically. The results show that jurisdictional enforcement in this case still faces technical and legal challenges, especially in the aspect of inter-state coordination and the limitations of domestic legal instruments in reaching cross-border perpetrators. Strengthening international cooperation and updating national regulations are needed to anticipate the dynamics of cybercrime.

This study uses a qualitative method to examine legal protection for female workers who experience discrimination in employment relationships. Discrimination against women in the workplace remains prevalent, taking forms such as unequal pay, limited opportunities for promotion, and sexual harassment, all of which affect their safety and comfort at work. Legal protection for female workers is regulated by various laws, including the Manpower Act, the Human Rights Act, and ILO conventions ratified by Indonesia. However, the implementation of these protections is often ineffective due to weak law enforcement, limited awareness among female workers regarding their rights, and the persistence of patriarchal culture. This study aims to analyze the extent to which legal regulations and their implementation function effectively, as well as the obstacles female workers face in claiming their rights. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, literature review, and document analysis. The findings indicate the need to strengthen labor inspection institutions and provide legal education for female workers to achieve justice in employment relationships.  

A landslide that occurred on May 24, 2024, in Pekon Datarajan, Ulubelu District, Tanggamus, Lampung, caused significant disruption to provincial road access and resulted in material losses. This study aims to assess the post-failure slope stability through field geotechnical investigation and numerical analysis using the Limit Equilibrium Method (LEM), and to propose immediate countermeasures. The slope materials consist of MH (inorganic silt) and ML (elastic silt) with high moisture content and moderate to high swelling potential. The lithology is dominated by montmorillonite clay, which has hygroscopic characteristics, making it highly vulnerable to water infiltration that reduces shear strength and increases the risk of slope failure. Stability analysis indicates a post-failure factor of safety (FoS) of 1.36 (static loading) and 1.03 (dynamic loading), which decreases to 1.07 beneath raised groundwater conditions. Recommended immediate mitigation includes surface runoff control, the construction of impermeable drainage systems, the sealing of cracks using impermeable materials, and the installation of temporary slope reinforcements such as sheet piles. The implementation of these measures increased the FoS to 1.61 (static loading) and 1.16 (dynamic loading). This study provides a technical basis for the rapid and effective mitigation of landslides in areas with similar geological and hydrological conditions.

Kota Padang merupakan salah satu kota yang ada di Provinsi Sumatera Barat dan juga merupakan ibu kota dari Provinsi Sumatera Barat yang saat ini memiliki perkembangan di berbagai bidang seperti bidang ekonomi, transportasi dan perkembangan infrastruktur kota itu sendiri. Akibat perkembangan penduduk dan transportasi maka akan membutuhkan angkutan umum sebagai penunjang perkembangan tersebut. Tujuan dari pelaksanaan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan data kinerja pelayanan angkutan sebagai bahan evaluasi dalam penataan angkutan umum di Kota Padang. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu Frekuensi tertinggi terdapat pada trayek 419 yaitu 39 Kend/jam sedangkan frekuensi terendah adalah sebesar 1 kend/jam yaitu pada trayek 404, 411, 412, 423, 444,445, 410A, dan 444B. Headway tertinggi yaitu pada trayek 404 dengan headway 596 menit, sedangkan headway terendah terdapat pada trayek 419 dengan headway 2 menit.Load factor tertinggi terdapat pada trayek 434 yaitu sebesar 56,17%  sedangkan load factor terendah terdapat pada trayek 423 yaitu sebesar 9,09%. Tingkat operasi tertinggi terdapat pada trayek 54, dengan nilai tingkat operasi sebesar 100%, kemudian tingkat operasi terendah terdapat pada trayek 423 dengan nilai tingkat operasi sebesar 2,44%

In many wireless sensor network (WSN) applications, nodes are randomly deployed and self-organize into a wireless network to perform tasks. In practice, recharging the batteries of network nodes after deployment is often difficult. Network nodes often operate autonomously, so the main focus is on increasing the node lifetime. Data redundancy is another limitation that makes nodes inefficient. In most cases, densely deployed nodes in a monitoring area will have redundant data from neighboring nodes. Therefore, we propose a clustering technique to select the Cluster Head (CH) node in small-scale WSNs. Since transmission consumes more energy than data collection, this protocol enables reactive routing, where transmission occurs only when a certain threshold is reached. In addition, based on their heterogeneous energy levels, nodes can be grouped into three categories: Normal, Intermediate, and Advanced. Simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink show that, after approximately 3000 rounds, the proposed method successfully transmitted about 3.1 × 104 packets to the base station, compared to 2.3 × 104 packets for the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol. In addition, the time when the last node died was approximately 3,500 rounds, whereas the LEACH protocol only maintained about 1,500 rounds. The results have shown the effectiveness of this technique in reducing the dead node rate and increasing packet transmission efficiency.

Bullying is one of the prominent social problems that significantly impacts the psychological well-being and academic development of elementary school students. This study aims to explore the implementation of Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) strategies in addressing bullying behavior among fifth-grade students at SD Inpres Pannujuang, located in Bajeng Barat District, Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi. Employing a qualitative approach with a case study method, data were collected through classroom observations, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis. The findings reveal that the integration of SEL strategies such as fostering self-awareness, managing emotions, enhancing social skills, and encouraging responsible decision-making effectively reduces the frequency and intensity of bullying while promoting healthier peer relationships. Incorporating SEL into daily learning practices fosters a safer, more inclusive, and supportive classroom climate. This study concludes that SEL can be systematically embedded into classroom instruction and teacher professional development as a preventive approach to bullying in elementary schools.

This study aims to analyze various obstacles faced by fifth grade students of Muhammadiyah Nglatihan Elementary School in understanding the concept of spatial figures. This study uses a qualitative approach combined with descriptive methods to obtain an in-depth picture of the phenomenon being studied, as a basis for describing the phenomenon being studied in depth as the main analysis framework. Data collection was carried out through direct participatory observation of 15 students during the mathematics learning process. The results of the study revealed that students experienced obstacles in visualizing three-dimensional shapes, distinguishing elements of spatial figures such as sides, edges, and vertices, and applying volume and surface area formulas correctly. These difficulties are caused by the lack of use of concrete media and learning approaches that are not in accordance with the stage of students' cognitive development.

This study aims to analyze students’ difficulties in understanding the concept of Stokes’ Theorem in the Vector Calculus course. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach with data collected through semi-structured interviews with mathematics education students who have studied the topic. The results show that students struggle to comprehend the relationship between line integrals and surface integrals, as well as to connect the concept of curl with vector direction in three-dimensional space. Limited understanding of prerequisite material and the lack of visual media further exacerbate these difficulties. Students reported that learning methods based on visualization and group discussion were helpful. This study recommends the use of contextual learning strategies and interactive media to improve students’ understanding of abstract concepts in Stokes’ Theorem.

This study aims to analyze the role of social ministry in facilitating discipleship and church growth. Using a qualitative approach, the research was conducted at GMIT Kupang through interviews and observations. The findings reveal that social ministry builds relationships and paves the way for a more effective discipleship process. Theologically, social ministry represents a holistic expression of God's mission. The integration of evangelism, social action, and contextualized discipleship offers a relevant missional strategy for the contemporary church.

This study examines the impact of morningprayer on the spiritual growth of students at SMA Mahanaim Bekasi, focusing on cognitive, affective, and cognitive dimensions. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving 15 students and supporting informants. The findings reveal that morning prayer significantly enhances students' understanding of biblical values (cognitive), deepens their spiritual awareness (affective), and fosters behavioral changes such as self-control and empathy (cognitive), aligning with the fruits of the Spirit in Galatians 5:22-23. Challenges include formalistic participation and monotonous implementation, which may diminish transformative effects. Strategic recommendations include contextual devotional modules, active student involvement, and periodic evaluations. The study underscores morning prayer as a transformative spiritual discipline, contributing to holistic Christian character education in an era of globalization.

God involves humans by giving missionary responsibility to His people to be involved in God's work of salvation. Every believer has a missionary task. Mission is centered and comes from God who is the core of His eternal plan for the salvation of humans from all His creations. Due to the lack of knowledge and methods about biblical mission teaching in the church and Christian institutions, the problems that arise in the form of mission and evangelism services are not a priority in the church, even congregations that have not responded or have not dared to carry out mission and evangelism services so that the church lacks missionaries. In this study, the method used is qualitative descriptive with an approach to an understanding and comprehension of the importance of biblical mission and evangelism and true and in-depth knowledge of the basics of mission and evangelism theology. Thus, every believer is called and responsible to carry out mission and evangelism in accordance with the great commission of the Lord Jesus Christ.

This article discusses the role of the church in reaching remote communities in Indonesia through a contextual mission approach. Using a qualitative-descriptive method based on literature review and theological narrative reflection, the study finds that effective church mission must be incarnational, holistic, and collaborative. The church is called to be God's partner in bringing the liberating Gospel into the socio-cultural context of local communities. Contextual approaches are key to successful ministry, supported by the use of technology and inter-institutional synergy. This study recommends renewing the church’s mission vision and theological education to meet contemporary challenges in rural and remote mission work.

In the digital age, Christian youth face increasing challenges in maintaining moral integrity, spiritual growth, and strong identity in Christ. The widespread exposure to negative digital content, particularly pornography, combined with the lack of contextual spiritual guidance, has weakened discipleship among young believers. This study explores a contextual strategy for Christian youth discipleship through religious education and faith-based digital literacy with a broader missional perspective toward the nations. Using a qualitative case study method conducted in a Christian school Mahanaim English Program – English Secondary (MEP–ESP), this research demonstrates how reflective way of purification, guided dialogue, and the use of simple educational media can foster transformative discipleship. The findings show that integrating biblical values within digital realities promotes students’ moral awareness, personal responsibility, and spiritual commitment. Furthermore, faith literacy grounded in the love of Christ provides a foundation for cross-cultural discipleship, preparing youth to live faithfully and influence others in diverse contexts. This article recommends a contextual discipleship model through Christian Religious Education as a practical response to the spiritual needs of the digital generation and as a pathway to engage the nations with the Gospel.

In this article, the author is highlighting the urgency of the mission call of the church of God as a divine mandate and the destiny (purpose) of His church in carrying out the Great Commission of the Lord Jesus in Indonesia. Based on the theological foundation of missio Dei, starting from the call of Abraham (Gen. 12: 1–3) and the Great Commission of Christ (Matthew 28: 18–20). The focus of this study is the response to the mission call to reach souls who have not been reached by the Gospel through a number of theological understandings of the mission call, mission strategies and their application to churches and mission institutions in Indonesia. The mission to unreached tribes also plays a role in God's global plan of salvation. Churches, theological institutions, and mission servants are encouraged to be actively and collaboratively involved in the ongoing mission call for holistic transformation and fulfillment of the mission of the Lord Jesus.