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The digital age of the 21st century has brought significant transformations to the spiritual life of Christians. Technology expands access to the word, worship, and faith community, but at the same time presents challenges in the form of distractions, individualism, and the shallowness of spiritual reflection. This research highlights the main problem of how Christian spirituality can be reinterpreted in the midst of digitalization, especially by placing hope as the core that sustains faith. The goal is to formulate a pedagogical model that is able to integrate digital technology with faith education so that it is relevant for the digital generation.The method used is a qualitative approach through library research with thematic analysis of contemporary theological and pedagogical literature. The study focuses on Runggeari & Deak's thoughts on the digital church and Boiliu's on faith education in the family, as well as the theories of hope from Moltmann, McGrath, and Hebblethwaite. The results of the study show that digital spirituality can thrive when it is rooted in hope, which serves to foster steadfastness of faith, shape the ethics of using technology, and expand digital solidarity. Christian Hope encourages churches, educators, and families to not only produce spiritual content, but to present transformative communities of love. The synthesis of the main idea emphasizes the importance of a pedagogy of faith that redeems technology: using it not just as a medium of information, but as a participatory space to form character, faith, and togetherness.

Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei terhadap klien perusahaan. Data dianalisis menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) untuk menguji pengaruh langsung dan tidak langsung antarvariabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa customer experience berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap customer satisfaction, demikian pula service quality berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap customer satisfaction, dengan pengaruh service quality yang lebih kuat. Selanjutnya, customer satisfaction berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap customer loyalty. Pengujian pengaruh langsung menunjukkan bahwa service quality berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap customer loyalty, sedangkan customer experience memiliki pengaruh langsung yang positif namun relatif lemah terhadap customer loyalty. Hasil pengujian mediasi membuktikan bahwa customer satisfaction memediasi secara parsial pengaruh customer experience dan service quality terhadap customer loyalty. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa dalam konteks jasa engineering business-to-business (B2B), kepuasan pelanggan merupakan mekanisme kunci yang memperkuat pengaruh pengalaman dan kualitas layanan dalam membangun loyalitas pelanggan. Penelitian ini memberikan implikasi teoretis bagi pengembangan pemasaran jasa dan implikasi praktis bagi perusahaan dalam merancang strategi peningkatan loyalitas pelanggan berbasis pengalaman dan kualitas layanan.

Kinerja usaha merupakan hasil yang telah dicapai seseorang dari apa yang dilakukan dalam menjalankan usahanya atau pekerjaannya. Pelatihan menjadi salah satu upaya peningkatan kompetensi pelaku usaha. Selain itu, motivasi dan kepuasan kerja yang beragam juga berpengaruh terhadap produktivitas dan keberhasilan usaha. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Judul Skripsi : Pengaruh Pelatihan, Motivasi Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pada Pelaku UMKM Kuliner Kecamatan Mranggen. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif, dengan menyebar kuesioner secara online melalui google form, nilai atau skor diberikan dengan acuan skala likert, dan data digunakan dinyatakan dengan angka yang dianalisis melalui program SPSS Versi 20. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 660 Pelaku UMKM Kuliner di Kecamatan Mranggen. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini sebanyak 87 responden. Hasil analisis penelitian ini menunjukan Pelatihan, Motivasi, Kepuasan Kerja berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap Kinerja Pada Pelaku UMKM Kuliner di Kecamatan Mranggen.

Administrasi keuangan adalah dasar utama dalam mengelola lembaga pendidikan, yang memastikan pembagian sumber daya dilakukan secara transparan dan efisien guna mendukung proses belajar- mengajar. Di era digital saat ini, teknologi seperti spreadsheet Excel telah muncul sebagai jawaban utama untuk mengatasi hambatan administrasi manual, termasuk kesalahan hitung dan pemborosan waktu di bidang pendidikan. Alat digital semacam ini bisa meningkatkan produktivitas hingga 50% di lingkungan kecil, dengan keuntungan seperti penghematan waktu. Namun, di sekolah-sekolah pedesaan seperti SMP di Indonesia, penerapan digital seringkali terkendala oleh kurangnya infrastruktur dan kemampuan sumber daya manusia, sehingga butuh penelitian khusus untuk memahami dampaknya. Administrasi keuangan sekolah meliputi pencatatan pemasukan, pengeluaran, dan laporan bulanan yang tepat. Masalah umum seperti proses manual dengan buku besar sering kali menimbulkan kesalahan matematika, penundaan laporan, dan efisiensi operasional yang rendah, khususnya di lembaga kecil seperti SMP. Penelitian Rusmiati (2025) menyoroti keefektifan alat digital untuk skala kecil dalam transformasi manajemen keuangan sekolah, tapi belum sepenuhnya fokus pada konteks pendidikan pedesaan di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi penerapan keuangan berbasis Excel sebagai solusi digital untuk meningkatkan efisiensi administrasi di SMP Negeri 2 Laut Tador. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Deskriptif Kualitatif dengan pendekatan triangulasi untuk memahami fenomena secara mendalam. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi wawancara mendalam semi terstruktur, observasi partisipan, dan analisis dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi Excel meningkatkan efisiensi melalui penghematan waktu hingga 50%, kemudahan penggunaan, dan pengurangan kesalahan, meskipun ada hambatan infrastruktur awal.

Peningkatan volume perdagangan internasional menuntut kinerja sektor perdagangan yang lebih optimal melalui dukungan kebijakan dan fasilitasi pemerintah. Salah satu tantangan utama ekspor Indonesia adalah rendahnya kinerja logistik akibat tingginya biaya, rendahnya kualitas pelayanan, keterbatasan infrastruktur, dan distribusi layanan yang belum merata. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan manfaat penerapan Kawasan Berikat terhadap peningkatan kinerja logistik pada PT Sari Warna Asli Unit 1 Karanganyar. Metode yang digunakan ialah kualitatif deskriptif dengan studi kasus melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi, serta analisis triangulasi untuk memastikan validitas data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kawasan Berikat memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap kelancaran logistik dan efisiensi operasional. Fasilitas fiskal dan prosedural mempermudah pemasukan dan pengeluaran barang, pengelolaan bahan baku, serta percepatan distribusi. Dampaknya terlihat pada meningkatnya keandalan pasokan, kelancaran produksi, dan kepuasan pelanggan, sehingga memperkuat daya saing perusahaan.

The development of information technology marks the beginning of digitalization in marketing. In response to this, a company must determine their strategy to increase purchase decision. One of the strategies a company must do to increase public awareness is by applying online marketing. This research mainly focuses on @tasyafarasya’s Instagram account and is aimed to analyze the influence of celebrity endorsement and electronic word of mouth on purchase decision on Instagram. This research was a quantitative descriptive with 3 variables: celebrity endorsement, electronic word of mouth and purchase decision. The techniques used in collecting the data were observation and questionnaire using purposive sampling to get 100 respondents. Data was analyzed using linear regression analysis, determination coefficient and hypothesis test. The results of linear regression analysis showed that Y = 3.490+0.179X1+ 0.572X2+e. The determination coefficient was 0.494=49.4%. The t-calculation of celebrity endorsement showed 2.169>1.985 which means that there was a significant effect of celebrity endorsement on purchase decision, Meanwhile, the t-calculation of electronic word of mouth showed 5.602>1.985 which means there was a significant effect of electronic word of mouth on purchase decision. The F-calculation of celebrity endorsement and electronic word of mouth showed 49.251>3.090 which means that there was a significant effect of celebrity endorsement and electronic word of mouth on purchase decision. Based on the research, it can be concluded that celebrity endorsement partially has positive effect on purchase decision; electronic word of mouth partially has effect on purchase decision; and celebrity endorsement and electronic word of mouth simultaneously have positive effect on purchase decision.  

The transformation of the digital economy has become a significant phenomenon in Indonesia’s economic development, driven by rapid advances in information and communication technology. The digital economy is viewed as a strategic instrument to accelerate economic growth, enhance financial inclusion, and strengthen the competitiveness of business actors, particularly micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). This study aims to analyze the transformation of the digital economy in Indonesia by examining its opportunities, challenges, and impacts on the national economy. The research adopts a qualitative approach using a literature review method, drawing on relevant national and international academic journals. Data analysis is conducted through a descriptive-qualitative approach by linking empirical findings with the theoretical frameworks of innovation economics and endogenous growth theory. The findings indicate that the digital economy offers substantial opportunities to improve efficiency, productivity, financial inclusion, and the creation of new digital-based employment. However, the transformation also faces major challenges, including the digital divide, limited human resource capacity, and issues related to regulation and data security. The implications of this study highlight the importance of strengthening digital infrastructure, enhancing digital literacy and skills, and developing adaptive governance frameworks to ensure that the digital economy contributes optimally and sustainably to Indonesia’s economic development.

Urban poverty remains a complex development challenge in Indonesia, including in Jambi City. This study aims to examine the influence of education level and unemployment rate on the poverty level in Jambi City. A quantitative approach was employed using secondary cross-sectional data at the sub-district level for the year 2024 obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics. The dependent variable is the poverty rate, while the independent variables consist of the open unemployment rate and education level, proxied by the percentage of the population with at least secondary education (senior high school or equivalent). Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with the ordinary least squares (OLS) method. The results indicate that the unemployment rate has a positive and statistically significant effect on poverty in Jambi City. Meanwhile, the education variable shows a positive but statistically insignificant effect on poverty. These findings suggest that unemployment is a dominant factor influencing urban poverty, whereas improvements in education alone have not been sufficient to reduce poverty without adequate job creation. The study highlights the importance of integrating education policies with employment-oriented economic development strategies. The results are expected to provide empirical evidence to support local governments in formulating more effective and integrated poverty alleviation policies at the urban level.  

This study aims to analyze the influence of emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence on the performance of Generation Z employees, with employee engagement as a mediating variable in the hybrid work era. The phenomenon of changing work patterns due to technological developments and the global pandemic has created a new work model that demands adaptive skills and emotional and spiritual balance within individuals. Generation Z, known for being technologically savvy but prone to digital fatigue, requires internal support in the form of emotional and spiritual intelligence to increase work engagement and optimal performance. This research method used a quantitative approach, collecting data through questionnaires from 120 Generation Z employees in various industrial sectors implementing a hybrid work system. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results showed that emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence have a significant positive effect on employee engagement and performance. Furthermore, employee engagement was shown to mediate the relationship between these two forms of intelligence and performance. These findings emphasize the importance of developing emotional and spiritual dimensions in human resource management to address the dynamics of the modern workplace.

MA Sakti Ngebel, a secondary education institution in Ngebel District, Ponorogo Regency, has excellent potential to develop more context-based chemistry learning. MA Sakti students have previously struggled to understand fundamental chemistry concepts, particularly in relating them to everyday phenomena. Students tend to memorize formulas without understanding the meanings and applications of the concepts. Therefore, an effort is needed to implement simple, applicable, and school-specific learning innovations. One relevant approach is the implementation of Fun Chemistry Learning based chemistry practicums. The purpose of this community service (PKM) activity is to strengthen the understanding of chemistry concepts at MA Sakti Ngebel Ponorogo through FCL-based chemistry practicums. The stages of this PKM activity are program socialization, training, implementation of FCL learning innovations, mentoring, evaluation, and program sustainability. The N-gain analysis of the pretest and posttest results indicates that the increase in students’ knowledge of chemistry concepts falls in the moderate range. The results of the overall satisfaction questionnaire showed that the lowest level of satisfaction was in the aspect of time management and events during the PKM activities (45% of students considered it very satisfactory), while the highest level of satisfaction was in the aspect of motivation to learn chemistry after the PKM activities and the effectiveness of the FCL training carried out (both of which 70% of students considered it very satisfactory).

Liturgical activities are the center of the Church’s faith life and serve as the primary means of fostering the faith of Catholic communities. However, many parish outstation members still require guidance regarding the order of the Eucharistic Celebration, the roles of liturgical ministers, and the enrichment of liturgical music. This community service activity was carried out at St. Christopher Delawau Outstation, Christ the King Gido Parish, on Sunday, November 9, 2025, by the Dian Mandala Choir group. The purpose of this activity was to introduce the proper order of the Eucharistic Celebration, to socialize Latin Ordinarium songs, and to build a spirit of fraternity in faith. The methods used included the Eucharistic Celebration, liturgical practice, choir training, demonstrations of liturgical duties, and fraternal interaction. The results of the activity indicated improved understanding among the faithful regarding the Eucharistic Celebration, enhanced skills in liturgical ministries (conductor, lector, psalmist, homilist), and the development of emotional closeness as fellow believers. This community service demonstrates that practice-based and dialogical approaches have a positive impact on strengthening the quality of liturgy among outstation communities.

This article aims to examine the concept of humanist leadership that is lived and carried out by Catholic Religious Teachers in the learning and coaching of students. The approach used in this study is qualitative with a literature study method, which is sourced from Catholic Church documents, the Bible, and scientific literature related to educational leadership and humanism. The results of the study show that the humanist leadership of Catholic Religious Teachers is rooted in the example of Jesus Christ as a Teacher and Shepherd who prioritizes love, respect for human dignity, dialogue, and service. This leadership is manifested through empathy, justice, moral exemplarity, and the ability to build relationships that foster trust and responsibility of students. Thus, Catholic Religious Teachers who live humanist leadership are able to create an educational climate that is inclusive, liberating, and oriented towards the development of human personal integrity. This article is expected to be a theoretical and practical contribution to the development of the leadership competencies of Catholic Religious Teachers in the world of education.

Outcome-Based Education (OBE) has emerged as a strategic approach to improving graduate quality in higher education, including pastoral colleges. The pastoral education context in Indonesia, particularly in island regions such as Nias, requires the integration of academic, spiritual, and pastoral dimensions in the learning process. This study aims to analyze the strategies for implementing OBE at the Pastoral College Dian Mandala Gunungsitoli and to identify its supporting factors and challenges. A qualitative research design with a literature review approach was applied, drawing on 25 scientific articles published between 2021 and 2025. The analysis involved identifying main themes, categorizing supporting and challenging factors, and synthesizing strategies for implementation. The findings indicate that OBE implementation includes developing curriculum documents aligned with the Indonesian National Qualification Framework (KKNI) and National Standards of Higher Education (SN-Dikti), strengthening faculty capacity through training, integrating innovative learning models, and applying authentic assessment that evaluates both academic and spiritual competencies. Supporting factors consist of institutional leadership commitment, the availability of curriculum information systems, and collaboration with external stakeholders. Major challenges involve limited faculty understanding of OBE, inadequate technological infrastructure, and resistance to changes in academic culture. This study concludes that OBE can enhance graduates’ competencies and strengthen pastoral identity, provided that faculty training, internal quality assurance systems, and the integration of local wisdom into the curriculum are consistently developed.

Hope is one of the theological virtues strongly emphasized by Pope Francis, especially in the context of a world marked by suffering, crisis, and uncertainty. This article aims to present the Christian theological understanding of hope according to Pope Francis and to explore its relevance for the Church as it prepares for the Jubilee Year 2025. This study employs a documentary and textual theological analysis of Pope Francis’ catecheses, Sacred Scripture, official Church teachings, and the Jubilee documents. The findings show that Christian hope is rooted in the experience of God who accompanies, liberates, and consoles His people, and is grounded in the Paschal Mystery and the resurrection of Christ. Pope Francis deepens this vision through the figures of Sacred Scripture and through existential dynamics such as learning to hope, resisting despair, and remaining vigilant. Hope is both personal and ecclesial, as the Church is called to be a missionary of hope for the world. These insights highlight the importance of ongoing formation in the faith and concrete works of mercy as expressions of hope, especially as the Church enters the Jubilee Year 2025 as Pilgrims of Hope.

Nausea and vomiting are common symptoms experienced during early pregnancy, especially in the first trimester, and can adversely affect maternal comfort, nutritional intake, and overall well-being. In primary health care settings, these symptoms are often managed with pharmacological treatments; however, such approaches may raise concerns regarding safety, potential side effects, and accessibility for pregnant women. Therefore, there is increasing interest in non-pharmacological interventions that are safer and more practical. One alternative method is lemon aromatherapy (Citrus limon), which is believed to reduce nausea and vomiting by stimulating the olfactory system and promoting a relaxing effect. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of lemon aromatherapy in decreasing the frequency of nausea and vomiting among first-trimester pregnant women diagnosed with emesis gravidarum at the Rum Balibunga Community Health Center. The research applied a pre-experimental design using a one-group pretest–posttest approach. A total of 30 pregnant women in their first trimester were selected through purposive sampling. The intervention involved inhalation of lemon aromatherapy over a specified duration. Data on the frequency of nausea and vomiting were collected before and after the intervention using a structured observation instrument. The data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics, with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test employed to determine differences between pre- and post-intervention results. The findings revealed a significant reduction in nausea and vomiting frequency after the intervention. Overall, lemon aromatherapy proved to be an effective, safe, and practical non-pharmacological option to support antenatal care services.

Background: Early Breastfeeding Initiation (IMD) is the practice of allowing newborns to breastfeed within the first hour after birth. This practice is not only beneficial for establishing mother-infant bonding but also plays a crucial role in stimulating uterine contractions through the release of oxytocin, which can accelerate uterine involution in postpartum mothers. Uterine involution is an important physiological process that prevents postpartum hemorrhage and supports maternal recovery. Despite the known benefits, not all mothers practice IMD immediately after delivery, which may affect the process of uterine involution. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between Early Breastfeeding Initiation (IMD) and the incidence of uterine involution in postpartum mothers at the Benao Community Health Center Work Area. Methods: A quantitative, observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted involving 30 postpartum mothers selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected on IMD practices and uterine involution assessments. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to analyze the relationship between IMD and uterine involution. Results: The study found a significant relationship between IMD and uterine involution (p = 0.000). Mothers who practiced IMD within the first hour postpartum showed a faster and more effective uterine involution process compared to those who did not. Conclusion: Early Breastfeeding Initiation (IMD) is significantly associated with the incidence and speed of uterine involution in postpartum mothers. Promoting IMD immediately after birth is essential for supporting maternal recovery and preventing postpartum complications

Sleep disorders are a common complaint among pregnant women, especially in the third trimester, and have the potential to negatively impact maternal well-being and pregnancy outcomes. Physiological, hormonal, and psychological changes during pregnancy increase the risk of decreased sleep quality, while pharmacological therapy options are limited due to safety considerations. Therefore, safe and easy-to-apply non-pharmacological interventions are needed. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of lavender aromatherapy in overcoming sleep disorders in third trimester pregnant women at the Bongo Nol Community Health Center. The study used a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest approach. The sample consisted of 30 third trimester pregnant women selected purposively. Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) before and after the administration of lavender aromatherapy through inhalation for seven consecutive days. Data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The results showed a significant decrease in PSQI scores after the intervention, indicating an improvement in sleep quality among the respondents. Lavender aromatherapy proved to be effective as a non-pharmacological intervention in reducing sleep disturbances in pregnant women in their third trimester. In conclusion, lavender aromatherapy can be considered a safe, simple, and applicable complementary therapy to improve the sleep quality of pregnant women in primary health care.

The maternal mortality rate in Indonesia remains high, reaching 305 per 100,000 live births in 2021, with one contributing factor being the lack of maternal knowledge regarding pregnancy danger signs. Prenatal classes are considered a strategic intervention to improve pregnant women’s understanding of critical warning signs such as bleeding, severe abdominal pain, and infection symptoms. This study aims to analyze the influence of pregnancy classes on pregnant women’s knowledge of danger signs. The research employed a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach involving 30 pregnant women selected through purposive sampling at several community health centers. Data were collected using validated and reliable questionnaires, with measurements conducted before (pre-test) and after (post-test) participants attended at least three prenatal classes. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with SPSS. The results showed that most respondents were aged 20–35 years (63.3%), had a high school education (36.7%), were housewives (60.0%), and multigravida (56.7%). Before the intervention, 50% had poor knowledge and only 20% had good knowledge. After attending prenatal classes, 63.3% achieved good knowledge, while only 10% remained in the poor category. The Wilcoxon test showed a significant difference (p = 0.000). Thus, prenatal classes effectively improve knowledge and support early detection of complications, potentially reducing maternal and infant mortality rates.

Anxiety during pregnancy, particularly near the time of delivery, is a common issue that may adversely affect both maternal and fetal health. Elevated anxiety levels are associated with increased pain perception, prolonged labor, and a higher likelihood of complications. Non-pharmacological approaches, such as aromatherapy, are increasingly utilized due to their safety, simplicity, and effectiveness. Lavender aromatherapy is especially recognized for its calming effects and its ability to enhance emotional well-being. Previous research has indicated that lavender scent exposure can reduce both physiological and psychological indicators of anxiety, including among pregnant women. However, evidence from Indonesian primary healthcare settings remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of lavender aromatherapy in reducing anxiety levels among pregnant women approaching childbirth. An analytical observational design with a pretest-posttest approach was applied to 30 participants selected through purposive sampling. Anxiety levels were assessed using a validated questionnaire before and after inhalation of lavender aromatherapy administered under standardized conditions. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.The findings revealed a significant reduction in anxiety levels after the intervention (p < 0.05), with all participants experiencing improvement and no adverse effects reported. In conclusion, lavender aromatherapy is an effective complementary intervention to reduce anxiety and support maternal readiness for labor.

Background: Sectio Caesarea (SC) surgery causes an incision wound in the abdomen, requiring a complex tissue healing process. Nutrition is a primary systemic factor supporting cell regeneration and new tissue formation through the intake of protein, vitamins, and minerals. However, many postpartum mothers still practice dietary restrictions due to misconceptions about the wound healing process. Objective: To determine the relationship between nutritional fulfillment and wound healing duration in post-SC patients at Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou General Hospital, Manado. Methods:This quantitative research used an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 20 postpartum mothers after SC, selected using purposive sampling technique. Research instruments included a questionnaire and an observation sheet. Data were analyzed using Fisher's Exact Test (α=0.05). Results: The majority of respondents (55%) had good nutritional fulfillment, and 60% of respondents experienced rapid wound healing. Statistical test results showed a p-value = 0.005 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant relationship between nutritional fulfillment and wound healing duration. Respondents with good nutrition had a rapid wound healing percentage of 90.9%, while respondents with poor nutrition had a slow wound healing percentage of 77.8%. Conclusion: Adequate nutritional fulfillment plays a crucial role in accelerating the wound healing process after Sectio Caesarea surgery.