Peradaban manusia berubah setiap saat, mulai dari zaman dahulu hingga sekarang era yang kita kenal sebagai era Gen Z atau Generasi Z. Individu yang lahir antara tahun 1997 dan 2012 disebut sebagai generasi Z. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis faktor harga produk, pendapatan, lingkungan sosial, psikologi konsumen, dan strategi pemasaran dalam mempengaruhi perilaku konsumsi generasi z terhadap pembelian produk makanan pada aplikasi gojek di Kota Malang. Menjawab tujuan penelitian menggunakan analisis regresi, khususnya analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Faktor yang paling berpengaruh dalam perilaku konsumsi generasi z terhadap pembelian produk makanan pada aplikasi gojek adalah faktor harga produk dan marketing mix dengan nilai signifkan variabel harga produk sebesar 0.40 dan variabel marketing mix 4P sebesar 0.32.
 

Barriers to horticulture in several developing countries, including Indonesia, include low farmer income, limited farmer knowledge, limited farmer land ownership, and weak farmer supply situations. This results in reduced profits for farmers. One way to overcome these obstacles that can be done by the Rukun Tani farmer group is to establish a partnership with PT Agri Makmur Pertiwi. This study aims to analyze the partnership pattern in cucumber hatcheries and its impact on increasing farm income. This research used descriptive qualitative and quantitative methods with a case study approach on 20 respondents who established partnerships with hatchery companies. Data were collected through questionnaires, in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation. Data were tested using the t-test. The results show that the partnership pattern applied is a core-plasma partnership, where the core company provides production facilities, provides guidance, transportation costs, and market guarantees. The farmer group acts as a plasma that provides land, labor, agricultural tools, fertilizers, and manages cucumber farming according to the standards set by the core company. The results of the difference test show that there are differences in income before and after partnering. Income before partnering was IDR 18,053,507.5 and income after partnering was IDR 35,622,807.5.

Stroberi merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultura yang mempunyai potensi ekonomi yang tinggi. Adanya  peningkatan pengembangan usahatani stoberi sehingga banyak petani yang melakukan usahatani dan tujuanya untuk meningkatkan produksi stroberi dan salah satu sumber pendapatan utama petani saat ini adalah stroberi. Produksi dalam penelitian ini berkaitan dengan hasi usahatani stroberi yang dipengaruh oleh beberapa faktor yang terjadi di Desa Pandanrejo Kecamatan bumiaji, Kota Batu Jawa Timur. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor  produksi terhadap pendapatan usahatani stroberi California di desa Pandanrejo, Kecamatan Bumiaji Kota Batu Jawa Timur. Mengetahui faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi terhadap pendapatan. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan didalam penelitian ini sebanyak 30 reponden, dengan penentuan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis yang dilakukan adalah uji F (simultan), uji t (parsial) dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang dominan pengaruh  terhadap pendapatan usahatani stroberi yaitu dengan membandingkan  nilai beta (ß) atau besarnya koefisien  beta (ß) pada hasil uji t (parsial). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa secara simultan  variabel bebas (X) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap variabel terikat (Y) pendapatan usahatani. Variabel yang secara parsial yang berpengaruh adalah luas lahan. Variabel tenaga kerja dan modal tidak berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan usahatani stroberi. Faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi pendapatan usahatni stroberi adalah luas lahan. Nilai koefisen  beta (ß) dari luas lahan lebih besar dari nilai tenaga kerja dan modal

Chlorophyll is a green pigment that found generally in chloroplast mesofil leaf cell. Chlorophyll is a pigment that easily degredating. Chlorophyll degradation is caused by temperature, light intensity, or environment condition. To keep chlorophyll from degradation, the encapsulation methods can be applied. Encapsulation is a method to coating substrate or raw material such as pigment before applied in food system. The combination of coating is called encapsulation. Pigments need to encapsulated because to protect material from degradation when processing or storaging. This research purpose is to know the influence of different solvent concentration to chlorophyll amount in storaging prosess. The research use Complitely Randomized Design. Encapsulation methods using freeze dryer and measuring chlorophyll amount using spectrophotometre. Measurement of chlorophyll amount after extracting process and encapsulation process. Measurement of chlorophyll stability do within 4 weeks storaging and each week need to measure the chlorophyll amount and half life time calculation is to know the chlorophyll life time. In the encapsulation process there is reduction about 92,18% from 75,4907 ppm to 5,9018 ppm at 50 ml solvent concentration, 75 ml solvent concentration reduction is 92,63% from 66,0438 ppm to 4,8628 ppm and 100 ml solvent concentration reduction is 91,35% from 45,7894 ppm to 3,9567 ppm. Half life time calculation is shown that chlorohyll damaging is happen at 26 days for 50 ml solvent concentration, for 75 ml solvent concentration is happen at 39 days and for 100 ml solvent concentration is happen at 75 days after storaging process.
 
 

The development of organic vegetable marketing strategies is essential for increasing sales and expanding the market reach of these products. The first step is conducting market and consumer analysis to understand consumer preferences and behaviour, as well as identifying potential market segments. Product development should focus on maintaining the quality and consistency and innovating by introducing new varieties or processed products. This research aims to formulate effective marketing development strategies to increase the sales of organic vegetables at CV. Kurnia Kitri Ayu Farm, Malang. The main focus is identifying strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the marketing development strategy for organic vegetables using SWOT Analysis. The population and sample include the 36 employees and consumers. The research results show that the total score for strengths is 4.48 and the total score for weaknesses is 2.26, giving a total score of 6.74. The total score for opportunities is 4.64 and the total score for threats is 1.51, resulting in a total score of 6.15. The marketing development strategy falls in quadrant I, which involves leveraging opportunities and maximizing existing strengths. The strategy that should be applied in developing the marketing of organic vegetables to increase sales is an aggressive strategy.

Pondok pesantren memiliki peran strategis dalam membangun sumber daya manusia yang kompeten dalam bidang keagamaan sekaligus mandiri secara ekonomi. Dalam menghadapi tantangan globalisasi, kemandirian pesantren dapat diperkuat melalui program kewirausahaan yang memberikan manfaat ekonomi, pemberdayaan santri, dan kontribusi pada masyarakat sekitar. Penelitian ini berfokus pada analisis program kewirausahaan di Pondok Pesantren Al Kautsar 561 yang meliputi budidaya bioflok ikan nila dan melon di greenhouse, menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Metode ini mencakup pengumpulan data melalui FGD dengan pengurus yayasan, guru, santri, dan masyarakat sekitar.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program kewirausahaan mampu menciptakan kemandirian pesantren melalui pendapatan tambahan yang digunakan untuk beasiswa dan operasional. Pelatihan kewirausahaan memberikan santri keterampilan praktis di bidang agribisnis dan akuakultur, seperti sistem bioflok dan teknologi greenhouse. Selain itu, program ini juga memperkuat hubungan pesantren dengan masyarakat melalui kolaborasi ekonomi berbasis komunitas, menciptakan lapangan kerja, dan meningkatkan ketahanan ekonomi lokal. Meskipun demikian, tantangan seperti keterbatasan sumber daya dan akses teknologi masih dihadapi. Solusi berupa kemitraan strategis dengan pihak eksternal serta pelatihan pemasaran digital dapat mendukung keberlanjutan program.

Antioksidan dalam pengertian kimia adalah senyawa pemberi elektron (electron donor), dalam arti biologis antioksidan adalah semua senyawa yang dapat meredam radikal bebas dan reactive oxygen species (ROS) yang bersifat oksidan termasuk protein pengikat logam. Antosianin merupakan senyawa flavonoid yang memiliki kemampuan sebagai antioksidan. Flavonoid merupakan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang ada pada tanaman. Perkecambahan adalah serangkaian peristiwa penting yang terjadi sejak biji dorman sampai menjadi bibit yang sedang tumbuh (Copeland, 1976). Perkecambahan dapat meningkatkan daya cerna bagi manusia karena adanya proses yaitu katabolisme. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan ubi jalar ungu Ipomea batatas var Ayamurasaki selama masa perkecambahan. Senyawa antioksidan yang dimaksud adalah antosianin. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) karena bersifat homogen. Perlakuan perkecambahan dengan terdiri dari 4 (empat) level: perkecambahan selama 0 hari (kurang dari 24 jam), perkecambahan selama 5 hari, perkecambahan selama 10 hari dan perkecambahan selama 15 hari. Variabel penelitian adalah aktivitas antioksidan, antosianin dan kadar gula. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari masing –masing perlakuan dilakukan uji F (F tabel 5% dan 1%) dan untuk mengetahui perbedaan masing-masing perlakuan digunakan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT).Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa perkecambahan berpengaruh sangat nyata pada taraf 1% untuk kadar gula, kadar antosianin dan aktivitas antioksidan. Level dari perlakuan perkecambahan yang direkomendasikan untuk dilakukan sehingga menghasilkan kadar gula, kadar antosianin dan aktivitas antioksidan yang tinggi adalah level 4 (perkecambahan selama 15 hari) yang menghasilkan kadar gula 18%, antosianin 199,680 gr/kg dan aktivitas antioksidan 81,424%. Kata Kunci: perkecambahan, antioksidan, antosianin, kadar gula.

Kefir is one fermented product that has a taste, a yogurt-like consistency color and has a distinctive yeast aroma. Peanuts are economically ranked second after soybeans. As peanut food has important nutritional benefits in the human nutriency of high protein, minerals and essential fatty acids such as linoleic and oleic acids. Peanut milk contains a very high amino acid almost equivalent to the protein content of animal milk and the price is relatively cheap This study aims to determine the effect of varieties and length of fermentation on the quality of peanut milk kefir. The research design used was Completely Randomized Design (RAL) consisting of 2 factor V peanut varieties consisting of 2 levels (Hypoma 1 and Singa) and long L fermentation factor consisting of 3 levels (21, 24 and 27 hours), each of which was repeated 3 times. The observed observations were pH, total acid, alcohol content, protein content, fat content, Total Plate Count (TPC), Texture Profile Analysis (TPA). Treatment of varieties and duration of fermentation of peanut milk kefir have significant effect on pH value, total acid, fat content, Total Plate Count (TPC), significantly affect alcohol content and no significant effect on protein content, Texture Profile Analysis (TPA), organoleptic aroma, taste and texture. Quality of peanut milk kefir produced on lion varieties with 24 hours fermentation time of total acid 6.43%, alcohol content 2.84%, protein content 2.80%, Total Plate Count (TPC) 30.67 x 103 CFU and Adhesiveness 1.324 g/s.Keywords: Kefir, Long fermentation, Variety.

Nilai tambah merupakan penambahan nilai suatu produk sebelum dilakukan proses produksi dengan setelah dilakukan proses produksi. Pengolahan ubi kayu menjadi keripik singkong adalah untuk meningkatkan keawetan ubi kayu sehingga layak untuk dikonsumsi dan mengubah bentuk dari produk primer menjadi produk baru yang lebih tinggi nilai ekonomisnya setelah melalui proses produksi, maka akan dapat memberikan nilai tambah karena dikeluarkan biaya-biaya sehingga terbentuk harga baru yang lebih tinggi dan keuntungan yang lebih besar bila dibandingkan tanpa melalui proses produksi. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah ;(1). Untuk mengetahui besarnya nilai tambah dari produk ubi kayu menjadi keripik singkong. (2). Untuk mengetahui efisiensi proses produksi pengolahan singkong menjadi kripik singkong. (3). Untuk mengetahui usaha pengolahan ubi kayu menjadi kripik singkong sudah menguntungkan Besarnya nilai tambah pada suatu produk dipengaruhi oleh besarnya nilai produk, harga bahan baku, serta sumbangan input lain. Maka diperoleh besarnya rata-rata nilai tambah yaitu sebesar Rp 2.082,- per kilogram atau 0,25 % dari nilai produksi.Berdasarkan analisis efisiensi teknis, bahan baku sudah efisien karena nilai koefisien regresi bahan baku 0,475 elastisitas produksi bernilai positif yaitu (0< ? <1).Berdasarkan analisis efisiensi harga, rasio NPMx/Px dari faktor produksi bahan baku 2,469 belum efisien karena faktor produksi bahan baku lebih besar dari satu. Berdasarkan analisis efisiensi ekonomis Faktor produksi biaya total 0,00 tidak efisien karena faktor produksi biaya total lebih kecil dari satu (<1). Pengolahan ubi kayu menjadi kripik singkong sudah menguntungkan karena R/C rasio > 0 berarti agroindustri keripik singkong yang diusahakan menguntungkan yaitu 1,15. Kata kunci : Nilai Tambah, Efisiensi, Keuntungan

Salah satu tanaman yang cocok dikembangkan untuk mengatasi masalah pangan dan ekonomi adalah tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.). Kentang adalah komoditas sayuran dengan kegunaan ganda, yaitu sebagai sayuran dan substitusi karbohidrat (Duriat dkk, 2006). Kentang juga bisa menjadi bahan pangan alternatif pengganti beras dan jagung serta mampu menunjang program penganekaragaman (diversifikasi) pangan. Penentuan daerah penelitian secara sengaja di Dusun Jurang Kuali, Desa Sumber Brantas, Kecamatan Bumiaji, Kota Batu. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan secara sengaja (Purposive) pada kelompok tani Anjasmoro IV. Mengingat jumlah anggota kelompok tani Anjasmoro IV yang mengusahatanikan kentang sebanyak 45 orang anggota tani, maka jumlah sampel penelitian adalah sampel homogen yaitu sebanyak 45 orang anggota tani pada kelompok tani tersebut semuanya dijadikan sampel. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalahanalisis regresi fungsi produksi Cobb-Douglass, analisis Break Even Point, pengujian tingkat efisiensi meliputi efisiensi teknis, harga dan ekonomis. Faktor produksi yang dianalisis yaitu luas lahan, jumlah bibit, jumlah pupuk kandang, jumlah pupuk kimia, jumlah pestisida, dan jumlah tenaga kerja (HOK). Uji F, nilai Fhitung (15,471) > Ftabel (2,35) berarti secara bersama-sama dari keenam variabel bebas berpengaruh terhadap variabel terikat. Uji t, terdapat 2 (dua) variabel bebas berpengaruh ( ? 5%) yaitu jumlah pupuk kandang dan jumlah tenaga kerja. Rata-rata volume produksi petani 34.497,69 kg/ha > volume BEP 12.074,05 kg, maka terima H0 tolak H1, artinya volume produksi sudah mencapai titik impas, petani untung. Rata-rata harga jual petani sebesar Rp 4222,2 per kg > harga BEP 1.477,752 per kg. Maka, terima H0 tolak H1, artinya harga jual kentang di tingkat petani sudah mencapai BEP, petani untung. Satu variabel yang belum mencapai efisiensi teknis, yaitu jumlah pestisida yang dilihat dari elastisitas produksi bernilai negatif < 0, berada pada daerah produksi irasional (Tahap III). Untuk efisiensi harga dan ekonomi, penggunaan faktor produksi dari keenam variabel tidak efisien, hal ini dikarenakan NPM (Nilai Produk Marginal) dari masing-masing faktor produksi tersebut < 1. Berarti penggunaan faktor produksi harus dikurangi sehingga terciptanya kedua efisiensi.Kata Kunci: efisiensi, usahatani kentang

Ipomoea batatas L. var Cilembu merupakan salah satu varietas ubi jalar madu yang mengandung karbohidrat. Masalah dalam usahatani komoditi ini adalah daya beliinput oleh petani sehingga mempengaruhi penggunaan input antara lain pupuk, tenaga kerja, pestisida, Masalah penelitian ini adalah : bagaimanakah efisiensi penggunaan inputdan apakah usahatani ubi jalar madu ini sudah menguntungkan.Responden penelitian adalah 42 petani yang dipilih secara acak sederhana dari 70 petani ubi jalar madu di lokasi penelitian. Teknik sampling yang yang digunakan adalah acak sederhana.. Untuk menguji efisiensi penggunaan input dilakukan melalui analisis efisiensi yang meliputi analisis efisiensi teknis, efisiensi harga, dan efisiensi ekonomi. Selanjutnya untuk mengetahui keuntungan usahatani ini dilakukan analisis biaya dan pendapatan..Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hampir semua input yang diteliti dalam usahatani ubi jalar madu belum efisien secara baik secara efisiensi teknis, efisiensi harga maupun efisiensi ekonomis kecuali jumlah pestisida yang digunakan sudah tidak efisien secara teknis dan harga, sehingga penggunaan pestisida harus dikurangi.. Hasil analisis biaya dan pendapatan menunjukkan bahwa produksi usahatani ubi jalar madu di Desa Sukoanyar Kecamatan Pakis Kabupaten Malang sudah menguntungkan karenapenerimaan (Total Revenue) lebih besar dari pada biaya ( Total Cost) yang dikeluarkanKata Kunci: efisiensi, usahatani, keuntungan dan ubi jalar madu

Pisang merupakan salah satu tanaman hortikultura yang potensi produksinya cukup besar di Indonesia. Ada dua jenis pisang yang ada di Indonesia, yaitu jenis buah yang langsung dapat dimakan dan yang harus diolah terlebih dahulu untuk bisa dimakan. Pengolahan pisang sangat banyak sekali dan salah satu contohnya adalah makanan ringan yang dinamakan Ledre. Salah satu industri pengolahan Ledre Pisang yang ada di Kota Malang adalah UD. Dua Putri Dewi. Maka, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui strategi pemasaran yang ada di UD. Dua Putri Dewi dengan menggunakan Analisis SWOT sebagai metode penelitian kali ini. Dalam usaha ledre pisang UD. Dua Putri Dewi, hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa masing-masing faktor pada strategi pemasaran memiliki nilai skor yang bervariasi. Pada faktor kekuatan (Strength) ledre pisang UD. Dua Putri Dewi, nilai skor indikator tertinggi adalah rasa ledre pisang yang enak dengan skor 0,189. Faktor kelemahan (Weakness) memiliki nilai skor indikator tertinggi adalah belum lengkapnya peraturan pelaksanaan pengelolaan produksi dan dana, termasuk SOP (standar operasi dan prosedur) dengan skor 0,121. Faktor peluang (Opportunity) memiliki nilai skor indikator tertinggi yaitu dukungan pemerintah sangat berguna dengan skor 0,206. Faktor ancaman (Threat) memiliki nilai skor indikator tertinggi yaitu jumlah pesaing yang bertambah dan kompetitif dengan skor 0,154. Strategi pemasaran pada usaha UD. Dua Putri Dewi dengan menggunakan analisis SWOT berada pada kuadran I yang merupakan strategi yang mendukung strategi agresif. Pada posisi tersebut UD. Dua Putri Dewi berada pada situasi yang dimana kekuatan yang memanfaatkan peluang. Dengan demikian, strategi yang harus diterapkan dalam kondisi ini adalah mendukung kebijakan pertumbuhan yang agresif (Growth Oriented Strategy).Kata kunci: Ledre Pisang, Strategi Pemasaran, Analisis SWOT

Keripik tempe adalah jenis makanan ringan hasil olahan tempe. Kadar protein keripik tempe cukup tinggi yaitu berkisar anatara 23% - 25%. Industri keripik tempe merupakan industri yang terkait langsung dengan komoditi kedelai dan tempe. Selain memiliki prospek pasar yang cukup baik akibat tingginya tingkat permintaan, keberadaan industri keripik tempe juga memiliki pengaruh yang cukup besar terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja. Tujuan pengolahan keripik tempe itu adalah untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah kedelai itu agar memperoleh nilai jual yang tinggi di pasaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) untuk mengetahui besarnya volume produksi dan harga produksi pada home industry keripik tempe sudah mencapai titik impas (Break Even Point). (2) untuk mengetahui keuntungan home industry keripik tempe. (3) untuk mengetahui besarnya nilai tambah yang dihasilkan dalam home industry keripik tempe. Penelitian dilakukan pada home industry keripik tempe di jalan Sanan kota Malang. Penentuan responden dalam pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik simple random sampling dan jumlah sampel responden pada penelitian ini adalah 41 home industry keripik tempe. Analisis data yang digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis 1 menggunakan analisis break event poin (BEP), untuk menguji hipotesis 2 menggunakan R/C Ratio, dan untuk menguji hipotesis 3 menggunakan analisis nilai tambah. Simpulan penelitian (1) volume produksi dan harga jual keripik tempe pada home industry keripik tempe sudah mencapai break event point (BEP), (2) home industry keripik tempe sudah menguntungkan karena nilai R/C Ratio > 1 sebesar 1,12, (3) home industry keripik tempe memberikan nilai tambah sebesar Rp 5.624,37 per kg.Kata Kunci : Keripik Tempe, Pendapatan, Nilai Tambah

Enkapsulasi antosianin menggunakan metode vacuum drying adalah pembentukan butiran-butiran bubuk, sehingga perlu ditambahkan bahan pengisi (filler). Enkapsulasi ekstrak antosianin dari ubi jalar ungu perlu padatan dari maltodekstrin untuk menangkap warna dan menyalut antosianin. Tujuan enkapsulasi adalah melindungi zat aktif dari faktor eksternal seperti suhu, kelembapan, interaksi dengan zat lain, atau radiasi UV, mereduksi evaporasi atau perpindahan zat aktif ke lingkungan, serta melindungi sifat tertentu dari zat aktif, seperti bau, flavour, dan aktivitas katalitik, serta mengubah bentuk cairan menjadi padatan yang lebih mudah dalam penangan. Pewarna makanan merupakan salah satu bahan tambahan pangan yang cukup penting bagi industri pangan karena peranannya untuk memperbaiki penampakan makanan. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan dalam percobaan ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), disusun dengan 1 (satu) faktor yaitu perbandingan ekstrak antosianin dengan maltodekstrin (ml/g). Terdiri dari 3 (tiga) perlakuan dan 3 (tiga) ulangan. Variabel pengamatan dalam penelitian ini adalah kadar antosianin, aktivitas antioksidan dan warna (kecerahan L*, kemerahan a* dan kekuningan b*). Hasil penelitian perbandingan ekstrak antosianin dengan maltodekstrin yaitu 1:2,0; 1:2,5 dan 1:3,0. Hasil pehitungan analisis ragam pada enkapsulasi ekstrak antosianin ubi ungu diperoleh nilai tertinggi pada perlakuan 1:2,0 dengan nilai kadar antosianin sebesar 145,473 mg/g, aktivitas antioksidan sebesar 23,470%, kemerahan (a*) sebesar 35,367, dan kekuningan (b*) sebesar 5,867 sedangkan kecerahan (L*) tertinggi sebesar 64,967 diperoleh pada perlakuan 1:3,0. Semakin tinggi rasio ekstrak antosianin dan maltodekstrin akan berpengaruh pada kadar antosianin, aktivitas antioksidan dan warna hasil akhir.Kata kunci : Ubi jalar varietas Ayamurasaki, ekstrak antosianin, enkapsulasi, maltodekstrin.

Pola konsumsi dan besar konsumsi suatu rumah tangga dapat disebabkan oleh pendidikan yang dimiliki seseorang. Kesadaran akan pentingnya pendidikan bagi masa depan keluarga akan mengakibatkan konsumsi non makanan semakin meningkat. Ia menambahkanm bahwa tingkat kesadaran akan pentingnya pendidikan akan membuat rumah tangga tersebut mengalokasikan pendapatannya untuk pendidikan dan menghemat pos pengeluaran lain. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: (1) Pendapatan rumah tangga akan memberikan dampak terhadap jumlah konsumsi bahan pangan berbahan baku umbi-umbian. Dilihat dari hasil penelitian yang diperoleh bahwa pendapatan rata-rata keluarga di Dusun genderan sebesar Rp. 1.029.630 yang memberikan nilai koefisien regresi berganda pendapatan yang dihasilkan sebesar 0,537 menyatakan bahwa secara parsial (sendiri-sendiri) pendapatan yang dihasilkan berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah konsumsi bahan pangan berbahan baku umbi-umbian, (2) Harga bahan pangan berbahan umbi-umbian memberikan pengaruh terhadap jumlah konsumsi bahan pangan berbahan baku umbi-umbian dengan nilai koefisien regresi berganda sebesar 0,288. (3) Harga bahan pangan beras memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah konsumsi bahan pangan berbahan baku umbi-umbian dengan nilai koefisien regresi berganda sebesar – 0,211 (4) Jumlah anggota keluarga memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah konsumsi bahan pangan berbahan baku umbi-umbian dengan nilai koefisien regresi berganda sebesar 0,625, (5) Pendidikan ibu rumah tangga memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah konsumsi bahanpangan berbahan baku umbi-umbian dengan nilai koefisien regresi berganda sebesar – 0,188, dan (6) Usia memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah konsumsi bahan pangan berbahan baku umbi-umbian dengan nilai koefisien regresi berganda usia sebesar 0,131.Kata Kunci: Pola konsumsi, Bahan baku umbi-umbian

Potensi sumber daya alam yang dimiliki Indonesia menjadikan Negara yang subur dan beranekaragam flora dan fauna. Salah satu komoditas tanaman pangan yang banyak diproduksi di Indonesia adalah ubi jalar. Ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas L. ) merupakan sumber pangan penting dan potensial untuk dijadikan pakan dan bahan baku industri.Ekstraksi adalah suatu proses pemisahan berdasarkan perbedaan kelarutan bahan. Proses ekstraksi mempunyai bagian utama yaitu pelarut dan bahan utama. Ekstraksi antosianin dari dalam jaringan ubi jalar ungu dilakukan secara maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%. Hasil ekstraksi selanjutnya dienkapsulasi dengan menggunakan maltodekstrin. Setelah itu dikeringkan dalam alat pengering vakum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu vacuum drying terhadap ekstraksi antosianin ubi jalar ungu (ipomea batatas var ayamurasaki) yang dienkapsulasi. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 1 (satu) faktor yaitu faktor suhu yang terdiri dari 3 (tiga) level. Hasil rerata paling tinggi total antosianin didapat dari suhu 400C sebesar 166 mg/100g, aktivitas antioksidan didapat dari suhu 400C sebesar 24,00%, derajat kecerahan (L*) didapat dari suhu 400C sebesar 62,43, derajat kemerahan (a*) didapat dari suhu 400C sebesar 33,63, derajat kekuningan (b*) didapat dari suhu 600C sebesar 5,20, dan kadar air didapat dari suhu 400C sebesar 3,49.Kata kunci: Antosianin, Ubi Jalar, Suhu, Enkapsulasi

Jagung hibrida (Zea mays L) merupakan salah satu komoditas tanaman pangan yang baik dalam perekonomian Indonesia, karena merupakan bahan makanan penghasil karbohidrat kedua setelah padi. Jagung hibrida juga merupakan suatu makanan pokok masyarakat Indonesia, dan juga sebagai makanan ternak dan bahan baku industri produk makanan. Dalam usahatani jagung hibrida perusahaan bekerjasama dengan Kelompok Tani Mosanto, Kabupaten Malang untuk memproduksi jagung pembenihan, dimana perusahaan menyediakan input produksi seperti: modal, dan benih jagung dengan mengadakan ikatan kontrak kerja selama semusim panen, dan hasilnya akan dijual semua kepada perusahaan.Penentuan responden dalam pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik simple random sampling, yaitu setiap sampel yang berukuran sama memiliki probabilitas yang sama untuk terpilih dari populasi. Jumlah anggota Kelompok Tani jagung hibrida pada penelitian ini adalah 200 orang yang menjadi pelaku dalam usahatani. Besarnya sampel diambil dengan metode rumus Slovin menggunakan tingkat kekeliruan sebesar 10%. Berdasarkan hasilperhitungan, anggota Kelompok Tani yang dijadikan responden sebanyak 67 orang. Dalam penelitian ini rumusan masalah yang diteliti adalah: 1. Bagaimanakah pengaruh faktor-faktor produksi terhadap jumlah produksi yang dihasilkan dalam usahatani Jagung Hibrida? 2. Bagaimanakah tingkat efisiensi teknik penggunaan faktor-faktor produksi usahatani jagung sudah efisien atau belum?. Dalam hipotesis I untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor produksi adalah luas lahan, benih, tenaga kerja, pestisida, pupuk dan modal terhadap hasil produksi jagung, dengan menggunakan alat uji asumsi klasik dan analisis regresi pada fungsi produksi cob douglass. Dari 6 (enam) Faktor produksi yang diteliti semuanya berpengaruh nyata terhadap hasil produksi jagung hibrida didaerah penelitian. Dalam hipotesis II menyatakan bahwa uji efisiensi teknis faktor produksi belum efisien karena dari pengolahan hasil angka menghasilkan secara keseluruhan faktor produksi yang digunakan semuanya belum efisien diihat dari angka koefisien regresi dengan melihat perbandingan elastisitas produksinya berada pada daerah I dan III menunjukan belum efisien dan tidak efisien.Kata kunci: efisiensi faktor produksi, usahatani jagung hibrida

Secang memiliki kandungan kimia antara lain saponin, minyak atsiri, asam tanin, brazilin, dan senyawa fenol. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari lama perebusan secang dan konsentrasi gula pasir terhadap sifat kimia dan organoleptik minuman instan secang.Analisis yang dilakukan meliputi kadar tanin, kadar air, kadar abu, kadar gula, rasa, warna, dan aroma. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 2 faktor, dan 3 kelompok. Faktor 1 adalah lama perebusan secang dengan 3 level yaitu 10 menit, 15 menit, dan 20 menit, dan faktor 2 adalah konsentrasi gula pasir dengan 3 level yaitu 150%, 200%, dan 250%. Data yang telah diperoleh dianalisis dengan analisis ragam (ANOVA), untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan digunakan Tabel F 5% dan F 1% untuk membandingkan F hitung. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji Tukey. Berdasarkan pada analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa interaksi lama perebusan secang dan konsentrasi gula pasir berpengaruh sangat nyata pada taraf 1% untuk kadar air kadar abu; berpengaruh nyata pada taraf 5% untuk kadar gula dan tidak berpengaruh nyata pada kadar tanin. Uji organoleptik pada perlakuan lama perebusan secang dan konsentrasi gula pasir tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap rasa, warna, dan aroma minuman instan secang. Perlakuan yang direkomendasikan untuk dilakukan sehingga menghasilkan kadar tanin, kadar gula tertinggi dan kadar abu dan kadar air rendah adalah pada perlakuan lama perebusan 20 menit dan konsentrasi gula pasir 150% dengan kadar tanin sebesar 2,2374%; kadar air 1,9077%; kadar abu 0,035 dan kadar gula 10,6%. Kata kunci: secang, konsentrasi gula pasir

Produksi ubi kayu dapat dicapai secara optimal apabila penggunaan input produksi dilaksanakan dengan baik serta sesuai dengan sistem usahatani. Salah satu daerah di Kabupaten Malang yang melakukan usahatani ubi kayu adalah Desa Argotirto Kecamatan Sumbermanjing, maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efisisensi produksi dan pendapatan usahatani ubi kayu di daerah tersebut. Berdasarkan analisis efisiensi teknis luas lahan dan tenaga kerja tidak efisien. Sedangkan jumlah bibit, pupuk buatan atau kimia, dan tenaga kerja belum efisien. Untuk efisiensi harga, faktor produksi dan luas lahan dan tenaga kerja tidak efisien karena rasiokurang dari satu (<1). Sedangkan jumlah benih, pupuk buatan atau kimia, serta pupuk kandang belum efisien karena rasio lebih besar dari satu (>1). Pada efisiensi ekonomi, faktor produksi luas lahan dan tenaga kerja tidak efisien. Sedangkan jumlah bibit, pupuk buatan atau kimia,dan pupuk kandang, belum efisien. Berdasarkan analisis biaya dan pertanian ubi kayu pendapatan, ubi kayu menunjukkan bahwa pertanian di desa Argotirto sudah menguntungkan karena rasio R/C lebih besar dari satu (>1) yaitu 1,19. Dengan demikian, penerimaan usahatani ubi kayu lebih besar dari biaya produksi.Kata kunci: Ubi Kayu, Usahatani, Efisiensi Produksi, Pendapatan

Tanaman umbi-umbian adalah tanaman yang mengandung 20% karbohidrat yang merupakan hasil tanaman sumber karbohidarat di samping padi-padian dan jagung, Sebagai sumber karbohidrat yang baik sehingga dapat dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat atau rumah tangga .Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor sosial ekonomi apakah yang mempengaruhi tingkat konsumsi umbi-umbian rumah tangga dan untuk mengetahui faktor sosial ekonomi apakah yang paling dominan mempengaruhi tingkat konsumsi umbi-umbian rumah tangga di RW 08 Kelurahan Tlogowaru Kecamatan Kedungkandang Kota Malang. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda.Variabel penelitian adalah jumlah pembelian umbi-umbian, pengeluaran rumah tangga, harga umbi-umbian, harga beras, pendidikan ibu rumah tangga, dan jumlah anggota rumah tangga. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari masing-maising variabel dilakukan uji F dan uji t (0,05) dan untuk mengetahui variabel yang paling dominan berpengaruh dilakukan uji koifisien (?). Hasil analisis uji Fhitung 16,308?Ftabel2,90atausignifikan Fhitung0,00< 0,05. Menunjukan sacara bersama-sama berpengaruh yang signifikan nyata terhadap pengeluaran rumah tangga (X1), harga umbi-umbian (X2), harga beras (X3), pendidikan ibu rumah tangga (X4), dan jumlah anggota rumah tangga (X5) terhadap jumlah pembelian umbi-umbian. Hasil analisis uji t dari Variabel pengeluaran ibu rumah tangga (X1) thitung 8,427>ttabel 1,753, Variabel harga umbi-umbian (X2) thitung-4,046>ttabel1,753, Variabel harga beras (X3) thitung -3,05>ttabel1,753,Variabel pendidikan ibu rumah tangga (X4) thitung-5,41>ttabel1,753,Variabel jumlah anggota keluarga (X5) thitung 6,91>ttabel 1,753. Menunjukan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan nyata terhadap variabel dependen. Hasil analisis uji (?) pengaruh variabel yang paling dominan yaitu pengeluaran rumah tangga 1.158.Kata Kunci: Konsumsi, Umbi-umbian, Rumah Tangga

Penyimpanan pada suhu dingin merupakan salah satu cara mempertahankan kesegaran ubi jalar ungu Ayamurasaki. Pendinginan akan memperlambat atau mencegah terjadinya kerusakan yang tidak diinginkan tanpa menimbulkan gangguan pada proses pematangan dan memperlambat perubahan yang tidak diinginkan selama penyimpanan suhu dingin. Penyimpanan suhu dingin khususnya pada suhu 40C dapat memperpanjang masa hidup jaringan-jaringan dalam bahan pangan tersebut karena aktivitas respirasi menurun dan menghambat aktivitas mikroorganisme. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Aktivitas Antioksidan Ubi Jalar Ungu (Ipomoea Batatas Var Ayamurasaki) Selama Penyimpanan Suhu 40C. Hipotesis yang dapat diambil dari penelitian ini adalah: Diduga lamapenyimpanan suhu dingin mengalami peningkatan terhadap kandungan senyawaantioksidan khususnya senyawa antosianin yang terdapat dalam ubi jalar ungu(Ayamurasaki). Tempat dan waktu penelitian. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Katolik Widya Karya Malang pada bulan Maret 2014. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan dalam percobaan ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Perlakuan lama penyimpanan pada suhu 40C terdiri dari 4 (empat) level. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 (tiga) kali. Variabel penelitian adalah aktivitas antioksidan, kadar antosianin dan kadar gula. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan dilakukan uji F dengan menggunakan F Tabel 5% dan 1% untuk mengetahui perbedaan masing-masing perlakuan digunakan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Hasil analisis ragam menunjukan bahwa penyimpanan suhu 40C berpengaruh sangat nyata pada taraf 1% untuk aktivitas antioksidan, kadar antosianin dan kadar gula. Hasil yang tertinggi pada penyimpanan suhu 40C dari setiap perlakuan adalah pada hari ke 15 yang menghasilkan aktivitas antioksidan 272,061%, kadar antosianin 761,059gr/kg dan kadar gula 55,333%.Kata Kunci : Penyimpanan, Antioksidan, Antosianin, Gula

Ubi jalar ungu atau Ipomea batatas var Ayamurasaki merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berasal dari Amerika Selatan yang sukses dikembangkan di Indonesia sebagai tanaman pangan. Umbi-umbian merupakan salah satu hasil pertanian Indonesia yang banyak dibudidayakan di Pulau Jawa, terutama di Jawa Timur dan Jawa Tengah. Ubi jalar mengadung vitamin A yang lebih tinggi dari pada umbian-umbian dan padi-padian yang lainnya. Jumlah vitamin C yang sangat tinggi berfungsi sebagai antioksidan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui substitusi ubi jalar ungu terhadap sifat kimia dan organoleptik cookies ubi jalar ungu. Analisis yang dilakukan meliputi aktivitas antioksidan, kadar air, kadar protein, tekstur, warna, rasa, dan tekstur. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan perlakuan yaitu substitusi ubi jalar ungu. Perlakuan terdiri dari 3 level yaitu:(S1) 75 gram ubi jalar ungu:425 gram tepung terigu protein sedang. (S2) 125 gram ubi jalar ungu :375 gram tepung terigu protein sedang. (S3) 175 gram ubi jalar ungu :325 gram tepung terigu protein sedang. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan dilakukan uji F dengan menggunakan Tabel F 5% dan 1%. Jika F hitung lebih besar dari F Tabel, maka ada perbedaan. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ). Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa substitusi ubi jalar ungu dibanding tepung terigu protein sedang tidak berpengaruh nyata pada aktivitas antioksidan, kadar air, kadar protein, sedangkan analisis tekstur berpengaruh nyata. Uji organoleptik pada perlakuansubstitusi ubi jalar ungu dibanding tepung terigu protein sedang tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap rasa, warna, dan tekstur. Perlakuan yang direkomendasikan untuk dilakukan sehingga menghasilkan aktivitas antioksidan, kadar air rendah dan kadar protein tertinggi adalah pada perlakuan substitusi ubi jalar ungu 175% dibanding tepung terigu protein sedang 325%.Kata Kunci: Ubi Jalar Ungu, Cookies, Sifat Kimia, Sifat Organoleptik

Polifenol memiliki manfaat sebagai salah satu antioksidan serta obat herbal. Daun ubi jalar merupakan salah satu sumber polifenol yang mudah untuk didapatkan karena sering tidak dimanfaatkan setelah panen. Pada proses metabolisme senyawa polifenol dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor dan tingkat pertumbuhan daun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh varietas dari daun ubi jalar terhadap konsentrasi senyawa polifenol dan aktivitas antioksidannya. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 2 faktor dan 2 ulangan. Faktor pertama dengan empat tingkat berbagai ubi jalar yaitu MSU 03028-10 (Calon Varietas), RIS 03063-05 (Calon Varietas), BB 97256-9 (Sawentar) dan MSU 99051-1 (Solossa Papua) dan faktor kedua dengan empat tingkat perkembangan daun adalah perkembangan 1 sampai 4, 5 sampai 8, 9 sampai 12 dan 13 sampai 16 yang dihitung dari pucuk daun. Untuk mengetahui dampak perlakuan dilakukan analisis ragam dan menggunakan tabel F 1% dan 5% untuk perbandingan uji F. Kemudian dilakukan uji lanjut Tukey. Analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa variasi dan pengembangan daun ubi jalar polifenol yang sangat signifikan pada 1% untuk tingkat nyata konsentrasi polifenol dan aktivitas antioksidan. Perlakuandianjurkan untuk dilakukan sehingga mendapatkan polifenol konsentrasi yang lebih tinggi dan aktivitas antioksidan yang tinggi adalah perlakuan dengan varietas RIS 03063-05 (Calon Varietas) dan perkembangan daun 1 sampai 4 yang memiliki polifenol konsentrasi pada 4,0947 mg / g bahan kering dan aktivitas antioksidan 67,1875%.Kata Kunci: Polifenol, Antioksidan, Daun Ubi Jalar

Usaha tani padi organik menghadapi berbagai permasalah terutama yang terkait dengan efisiensi pemasaran. Pemasaran yang efisien adalah ketika total biaya yang dikeluarkan petani lebih kecil dari total nilai produk yang diterima (TB < TNP) dan efisiensi pemasaran juga dipengaruhi oleh Break Even Point (BEP), semakin rendah nilai titik impas akan menyebabkan EP yang semakin tinggi (< 100%). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efisiensi pemasaran beras organik dan untuk mengetahui BEP dari harga jual dan jumlah produksi beras organik yang dapat disasilkan petani dalam satu kali masa produksi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kelompok Tani Sumber Makmur 1, Desa Sumber Ngepoh, Kecamatan Lawang, Kabupaten Malang. Metode sensus digunakan dalam penentuan sampel, dengan total populasi sebanyak 44 petani. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dan dokumentasi, dengan metode analisis data kuantitatif. Hipotesis penelitian: 1) Pemasaran beras organik belum efisien. 2) Harga jual dan jumlah produksi beras organik sudah mencapai Break Even Point (BEP). Berdasarkan hasil analisis menunjukkan efisiensi pemasaran dicapai nilai sebesar 64,66%,. Hal tersebut berati bahwa total biaya yang dikeluarkan petani hanya sebesar 64,66% dari total nilai produk yang terjual. Untuk BEP harga jual sebesar Rp. 4.849 dan BEP produksi sebesar 1.855 kg, berarti harga jual yang ditetapkan petani sebesar Rp. 7.500 dan produksi yang dihasilkan sebesar 2.870 kg sudah mencapai BEP. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa H0 ditolak, berarti pemasaran beras organik di Kelompok Tani Sumber Makmur 1, Desa Sumber Ngepoh sudah mencapai BEP.Kata Kunci: Beras Organik, Efisiensi Pemasaran, Break Even Point

Optimalisasi persediaan bahan baku dimaksudkan guna memenuhi kebutuhan bahan baku untuk proses produksi pada waktu yang akan datang, kegiatan pengendalian persediaan bahan baku mengatur tentang pelaksanaan pengadaan yang diperlukan sesuai dengan jumlah yang dibutuhkan serta dengan biaya yang minimal, yang meliputi masalah pembelian bahan baku, menyimpan dan memelihara bahan, mengatur pengeluaran bahan saat bahan dibutuhkan dan juga mempertahankan persediaan dalam jumlah yang optimal. Pengendalian persediaan bahan baku ini dapat dilakukan analisis dengan metode EOQ sebagai salah satu pilihan perbandingan antara kebijakan perusahaan yang telah dilaksanakan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Agronas Gizi Food. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah dengan membandingkan antara hasil perhitungan kebijakan perusahaan dengan metode EOQ. Perhitungan kebijakan perusahaan meliputi biaya per pesanan (S) dengan hasil Rp. 183.800/pesanan, biaya penyimpanan (H) dengan hasil Rp.859/Kg, biaya total persediaan (TIC) yang harus dikeluarkan Rp.5.689.560, frekuensi pembelian sebanyak 30 kali, dengan pembeliaan rata-rata 1500 kg/tahun sedangkan perhitungan metode EOQ meliputi pembelian yang ekonomis (Q*) dengan hasil 4198 kg, frekuensi pembelian (F) dengan hasil 10 kali dalam satu tahun, total biaya persediaan (TIC) dengan hasil Rp.3.605.795, safety stock Rp.3.605.795, dan ROP 234 Kg. Berdasarkan teknik analisis yang digunakan persediaan bahan baku keripik kentang di Agronas Gizi Food dapat dikatakan belum optimal karena dari perhitungan diperoleh hasil kebijakan perusahaan lebih besar dari metode EOQ.
Kata kunci : Bahan Baku, kebijakan perusahaan, metode EOQ

Tempe is a processed soybean product whose nutritional value is increasing, especially protein (Hermana, 1985). Tempe is a typical Indonesian food that still survives to this day, even being a mainstay of Indonesian families because tempeh is rich in dietary fiber, calcium, vitamin B and iron. The purpose of this Research Purposes was to determine the characteristics of households that consume tempe and to determine the factors that influence the demand for tempeh in RW 02, Gading Kasri Village, Klojen District, Malang City. The analysis used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis because to determine the effect of each variable. The research variables are the price of tempeh, price, egg price, household budget to buy tempeh in a week, the number of household members. To find out the characteristics of households that consume tempe, descriptive analysis was
carried out and to determine the effect of each variable, F test and t test were conducted. The results of the Fhitung analysis are 43,437> Ftable 2.33 or significant Fhitung 0.00 <0.05. Taken together to significantly influence the price of tempe (X1), the price of tofu (X2), the price of eggs (X3), the household budget (X4) and the number of household members (X5) on the demand for tempe (Y). the results of thitung analysis of the price variable tempe (X1) t -8,551> ttable 1,664, variable price (X2) thitung 0,428 <ttable 1,664, variable price of eggs (X3) thitung 1,182 <ttable 1,664, variable budget (X4) thitung 12,564 > ttable 1.664, variable number of household members (X5) thitung 3,534 > ttable 1.664. Shows that there is a real influence on the dependent variable

Tuber crops are plants containing 20% carbohydrates which are the result of plant sources of carbohydrates in addition to grains and corn. Types of these tubers include cassava, sweet potato, taro, ganyong, erut, kimpal, and others. In Indonesia which plays an important role of tubers are cassava or cassava and sweet potato (Dahlia, 2006). Factors influencing the demand of snack market based on tubers in Malang City consist of several factors, namely the age of housewife, education, number of household member, price of snack market of tubers, price of other goods, gethuk lindri price, household. The result of this research are (1) Age influence to buying snack market equal to -0,094 (2) Education housewife 0,307 (3) Number of household member 0,628 (4) Price of mud cakes -0,208 (5) Price gethuk lindri - 0,316 (6) Household income -0.424.

Dry noodles are dried food products made from wheat flour with the addition of other foods and food additives which are allowed to be in the form of typical noodles. The high increase in consumption and demand for noodles will simultaneously increase the volume of wheat imports. Excessive consumption of wheat flour will have an allergic effect for celiac sufferers. Sweet potato pasta as a local food can be used to reduce on imported flour and provide health effects as an antioxidant for people with diabetes mellitus. The difference in sweet potato color can affect the physicochemical and functional characteristics of sweet potatoes. In the steaming process, starch gelatinization and gluten coagulation occur so that the occurrence of dehydration of water from gluten will cause noodle elasticity. Steaming needs to be considered to form a cohesive and fairly elastic dough period.

Shallots are one of the important and strategic horticultural commodities in influencing the Indonesian economy, so it is necessary to carry out an agribusiness feasibility analysis that can provide an overview of whether the business is economically profitable so that it can be said that it is feasible or not feasible to continue doing it. This research was conducted for 3 (three) months from March to May 2023 on a demonstration plot in Ngadiboyo Village, Rejoso District, Nganjuk Regency. The purpose of this research is to analyze the feasibility of shallot farming in Ngadiboyo Village. The results showed that the shallot farming in Ngadiboyo Village was profitable with a total profit of IDR 13,948,150/season. From the BEP, the production BEP is 783 kg, the price BEP is IDR 7,322, the R/C value is 2.1, and the B/C value is 1,1. With these calculations it can be concluded that shallot farming in Ngadiboyo Village is feasible.

Lowland rice as a type of food crop has been widely cultivated by farmers. This is because rice is oneof the staple foods of the community. Lowland rice farming carried out by farmers requires several factorsof production to be able to produce the expected production. The use of production factors certainlyrequires funds that must be spent by farmers for their procurement or purchase. The costs associated withpurchasing factors of production will ultimately affect the amount of income farmers receive. Therefore,farmers need to know the production costs incurred and their effect on income. Farmers are expected tomake several efforts to make efficient use of several factors of production so that they can increase theirincome to improve the welfare of farmers. The effect of production factor costs was analyzed using multiplelinear regression analysis. The hypothesis was tested by comparing the sig values obtained from theanalysis results with a value of 0.0 5. The test results using simultaneous and partial tests stated that landrental costs, seed costs, fertilizer and pesticide costs had a significant effect on farmers' income. Land rentalcosts and seed costs have a positive effect on farmers' income, where an increase/decrease in these costswill increase or decrease farmer income. Fertilizer and pesticide costs have a negative effect on farmers'income, whereby increasing/decreasing these costs will decrease/increase farmers' income. The cost ofrenting a tractor and the cost of labor wages have no effect on farmers' income

The background of the author doing this research is based on the problems that are often found in fruit agricultural products which generally do not last long and have properties that are easily damaged if stored in fresh form, one of which is bananas. Bananas are the most consumed fruit by households. To extend the shelf life of bananas so as to add economic value, bananas can be processed into snack products, namely banana chips. Banana chips are one of the processed bananas that are thinly sliced and then fried. This research was conducted at CV. Sahabat Pangan Klayatan, Bandungrejosari Village, Sukun District, Malang City as one of the home industries that produces banana chips. This study aims to determine the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats and choose one of four strategies, namely thestrategy Aggressive SO (Strengths, Opportunities), ST Diversification strategy (Strengths, Threats), WO Turnaround strategy (Weaknesses, Opportunities), and Defensive strategies. WT (Weaknesses, Threats) to formulate marketing strategies on CV. Sahabat Pangan through SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats). The research method uses descriptive data collection techniques through observation, interviews, literature studies and the internet. The data analysis technique used is a qualitative descriptive analysis technique. The results of the calculation of the score on the SWOT analysis diagram are known to be the position of IFAS X (Strengths- Weaknesses) and EFAS Y (Opportunities-Threats), then it is known that the X coordinate point of 0.55 is the IFAS coordinate point and the Y coordinate point of -0.47 is the EFAS coordinate point. Then it is known that the alternative strategy used is thestrategy diversification ST (Strengths, Threats) by utilizing strengths to minimize existing threats. then there is the addition of strategic priorities, namely thestrategy diversification concentric. Thestrategy diversification concentricaims to prioritize what are the main strengths and threats of CV. Sahabat Pangan

PENGARUH JENIS RAGI DAN LAMA FERMENTASI TERHADAP KUALITAS MOSPOF (Modified Sweet Potato Flour)
PENGARUH JENIS RAGI DAN LAMA FERMENTASI TERHADAP KUALITAS MOSPOF (Modified Sweet Potato Flour)
 

Cassava is one of the local food that is widely used by the community as a food substitute for rice, wheat and corn. One of the processed foods made from raw cassava is Cassava Chips. The purpose of cassava processing activities to be chips is to increase the sale value, increase public interest to consume cassava processed products and earn high income. The purpose of this research is to know the value added of cassava processing business into cassava chips and to know the feasibility of cassava chips business. This research was conducted on the business of cassava chips "Cap Sinar Jago" in Talok Village, Turen Subdistrict, Malang Regency. Respondents in this study are business owners and employees of production and marketing. The analysis used to analyze value added by using Hayami method and business feasibility using B/C Ratio, NPV and IRR analysis.

PENGARUH PERLAKUAN SPRAY DRYING TERHADAP EKSTRAK ANTOSIANIN UBI JALAR UNGU (Ipomoea batatas Var.Ayamurasaki)
PENGARUH PERLAKUAN SPRAY DRYING TERHADAP EKSTRAK ANTOSIANIN UBI JALAR UNGU (Ipomoea batatas Var.Ayamurasaki)
 

Tempeh is a traditional Indonesian food made from fermented soybeans with the fungus Rhizopus Oligosporus and has a distinctive aroma. Tempeh contains many nutrients that are beneficial to health because the nutriens are more easily digested, absorbed, and utilized by the body. An important principle in preparing good tempeh is soaking and boiling it. Soaking is used to achive a suitable pH (acidity) for mold growth, namely 3.5-5.2. and boiling is used to soften soybean seeds and inactivate microbes that grow during soaking. The purpose of this study was to see the effect, interaction between soaking time and processing method on the chemical, microbiological and organoleptic properties of tempeh. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) factorial two factors. Factor I soaking time (12 hours, 18 hours, and 24 hours). Factor II is the tempeh processing method (one time boiling method and the two-time boiling method). Statistical Analysis using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with IBM SPSS version 20 and later Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Organoleptic test using Ranking Test. Soaking duration and processing method had a significant effect on the observed parameters of water content, protein, antioxidants, color and had no significant effect on the parameters of Total Plate Count (TPC) of mold, as well as texture and odor organoleptic tests. Best on the Indonesian National Standart for 12 hour soaking and one time processing/boiling method, the resulting tempeh contains 57,10% water content, 47,25% protein, 0,39% antioxidants, Total Plate Count (TPC) mold 258 CFU/g x 10-1 and organoleptic texture (compact when sliced), color (white evenly all over the surface), and smell/aroma (typical tempeh odor)

Taro (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) is a food crop from tubers that is widely cultivated in Indonesia. Starch is a food ingredient that has a function in the food processing industry which functions as a determinant of product characteristics. Starch consists of two components that can be divided into two, namely amylose and amylopectin. Real starch or natural starch (without modification process) has limitations in food processing because it has viscosity, is less clear, and produces unwanted gels. In general, modified starch is used because it has functional properties that are not possessed by natural starch, such as viscous power, emulsion power and absorption power. The fermentation process in the processing of foodstuffs is by using microorganisms in a controlled manner to produce food ingredients by producing acids and alcohol to produce food products with good quality and value. This study used a 2x3 Factorial Design in a Complete Randomized Design (RAL) consisting of 2 factors, namely factor I type yeast consisting of 2 levels ( baker's yeast and yeast tape) and factor II fermentation time consisting of 3 levels ( 12 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours), each treatment was repeated 3 times. The results of the white degree show there is a markedly different influence on the influence of the interaction between the influence of fermentation time and yeast type. On viscosity there is no noticeable different influence on the modified starch characteristics of taro. On amylose levels there is also no real different influence, but on the influence of fermentation time there is a real different influence. On solubility there is no real different influence on the characteristics of taro starch, whereas in swelling power there is also no real different influence but there is a real influence on the type of yeast

FEASIBITITAS EKONOMI PADA USAHA KERIPIK PISANG INDUSTRI RUMAH TANGGA CV. SAHABAT PANGAN
FEASIBITITAS EKONOMI PADA USAHA KERIPIK PISANG INDUSTRI RUMAH TANGGA CV. SAHABAT PANGAN
FEASIBITITAS EKONOMI PADA USAHA KERIPIK PISANG INDUSTRI RUMAH TANGGA CV. SAHABAT PANGAN
 

One of the benefits of using a farmer card is to access subsidized fertilizers. Farmer cards are those programmed by the government and can function to ease all farmers' affairs in making loans, transactions, savings and regarding the acquisition of subsidized fertilizers. This research was motivated by problems in the farmer card program which according to the community was less useful for them, especially in terms of accessing fertilizer. The farmer card is expected to be able to overcome the problem of fertilizer distribution that is not on target and is expected to be able to provide welfare for every farmer owned by farmers with the fertilizer obtained, so that the farm that is run produces satisfactory production for the farmers themselves. The results showed that, on average, the number of farmers who did not understand the farmer card was 60%, while those who understood the farmer card were 37%. This is due to the lack of socialization from related agencies, causing a lack of understanding of farmers towards the farmer card program, especially given the fact there are some farmers who have not studied at all. This farmer card has also not been benefited by farmers, so farmers have difficulty getting subsidized fertilizer and have to spend expensive costs to obtain fertilizer.
 

The  purpose  of  this  study  was  to  find  out  what  factors  influenced  the production of banana ledre and what were the most dominant factors affecting ledre production  at  UD.  Dua  Putri Dewi, Malang  City.  Independent  variables,  namely raw material costs, outpouring of labor,  total wages and the dependent variable is the amount of ledre banana production. The analysis used in this study uses multiple regression  analysis  because  to  determine  the  effect  of  each  variable  production factor. The research variables are raw material costs, labor outlays, and total wages. To find out the effect of each factor of production variables, F test and t test (0,05) were conducted and to find out which dominant production factors were influential, a coefficient  regression test was carried out.
The  results  of  analysis  F  test  calculated  =  6.896  >  Ft abel   =  2.87  or significantly Fhit ung  = 0.001 < 0.05, meaning H0  is rejected and H1  is accepted. This shows together there is a significant influence of production factors on the amount of ledre banana production in UD. Dua Putri Dewi, Malang City. The results of the t-test analysis of the factors of production of raw material costs thit ung = 2.925 > tt abel = 0.68223, outpouring of labor thit ung = 3.142 > tt abel  = 0.68223, and the number of wages  thit ung  = 0.161 > tt abel  = 0.68223. The factors of production of raw material costs and outpouring of labor have a significant effect on ledre production at a 95% confidence  level.  The  factor  of  production  of  wage  amount  does  not  have  a significant effect  on  the amount  of ledre production  at  the 95%  confidence  level because of the sig value. production factor greater than 0.05.

Based on the regression analysis, the R square value is 0.925, which means the amount of corn production as much as 92,5% is influenced by the variables studied and the remaining 7,5% is influenced by other variables. For the F , the calculated F value is 45,617 which is greater than the F table 2,42. This shows that all independent variables are the number of seeds (X1), ZA fertilizer (X2), urea fertilizer (X3), NPK fertilizer (X4), pesticides (X5), outpouring of work (X6), and total costs (X7). For the t test, the production factor that has a significant effect is the number of seeds (X1) and the amount of NPK fertilizer (X4) because t count of each of these variables is greater than t table. In addition, other production factors have no significant effect because t count is smaller than t table.

Broccoli is One of horticultural crops that have high nutritional fiber. Broccoli (Brassica oleracea) is a vegetable plant included in the tribe or Brassicaceae family. These vegetables come in Indonesia not long ago (around 1970) and quite as food now. It was containing vitamin C and dietary fiber in large quantities, so the broccoli is important for the human body needs. The availability of the means or factors of production (input) means that productivity is not obtained by farmers will be high. Less precise application of technology resulted in low production and high cost of farming. According Zulkifly (2009) in farming, production produced will be good if the factors of production used efficiently. To get maximum benefit the farmers must use precisely the factors of production, and combines optimally and efficiently. Therefore, it is necessary to pnelitian about the economic efficiency of production factors in usatani in general, especially in the farming of broccoli.

Tempe is a traditional Indonesian food, a processed product made from soybeans which is formed from the Rhizopus Sp type mold, especially from the R. oligosporus species through a fermentation process. The tempeh production process needs to be improved in terms of time efficiency, cost, workmanship effectiveness and nutrition. This improvement can be done by boiling the soybeans in an autoclave. Soybeans contain antioxidant compounds in the form of isoflavones, tocopherol and ascorbate. Antioxidants are really needed by the body as an antidote to free radicals because they work by donating one electron to compounds that are oxidants so that the negative impact of oxidants can be inhibited. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of boiling time for soybeans (Glycine max L.) in an autoclave on phytochemical compounds (total polyphenols, total flavonoids and antioxidants) as well as the sensory properties (color and compactness) of soybean tempeh. This research method uses a non-factorial experimental design prepared with RAL (Completely Randomized Design) which consists of 1 factor, namely the length of boiling soybeans in an autoclave with 4 treatment levels P1 (5 minutes), P2 (10 minutes), P3 (20 minutes), P4 (30 minutes) and each treatment was repeated 3 times. The results showed that the highest total phenolic content and total flavonoid content were obtained from soybean tempeh with soybean tempeh treatment in an autoclave for 5 minutes, namely 5.33 mgGAE/g and 0.121 mgQE/g, while the highest antioxidant activity was obtained from soybean tempeh with boiling treatment. soya bean. in an autoclave for 30 minutes, namely 11.32%

. Indonesia's natural resource potential makes it a fertile country with a wide variety of flora and fauna. One of the most widely produced food crop commodities in Indonesia is sweet potato. Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is an important food source and has the potential to be used as feed and industrial raw materials. Extraction is a separation process based on differences in material solubility. The extraction process has the main parts, namely the solvent and the main ingredient. Extraction of anthocyanins from purple sweet potato tissue was carried out by maceration with 96% ethanol. The results of the extraction are then encapsulated using maltodextrin. After that it is dried in a vacuum dryer.

OBSERVASI  PENANGANAN AWAL BAHAN PANGAN DI PASAR MODERN DAN TRADISIONAL KOTA MALANG

KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN KONSUMEN SAYURAN DI MINI MARKET SAWOJAJAR
KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN KONSUMEN SAYURAN DI MINI MARKET SAWOJAJAR

Rice is a staple food in Indonesia but the increasing demand for rice consumption is not supported with the domestic production. Analog rice is made by granulation method. This study used the design of Randomized Block Design (RBD) with factors including varieties of sweet potato substituted with corn flour. Factors consisted of 3 levels; 70% flour of purple sweet potato (Ayamurasaki variety) and 30% corn flour, yellow sweet potato (Cilembu variety) 70% and corn flour 30%, Purple sweet potato (Ayamurasaki variety) 35%, Cilembu 35%, and corn flour 30%. The variables observed consisted of proximate test, antioxidant activity, and rehydration. The results demonstrated a significant difference in protein content and antioxidant activity. On the other hand, there were no significant differences in water content, ash, fat, carbohydrate and rehydration ability. The highest protein content (2.42%) was obtained in the treatment of 70% yellow sweet potato flour and 30% corn flour. In addition, the highest antioxidant activity of analog rice (16.01%) was obtained in the treatment of 70% purple sweet potato flour and 30% corn flour.

Agribusiness business has promising prospects, because consumer demand for agribusiness products will never stop, even though it fluctuates. Capital is one of the factors needed by a company, so efforts are needed to attract investors and manage assets as well as possible to increase profits. Investment decisions are determined by investors by considering the profitability and size of the company's assets as collateral for debt. Several previous studies were conducted by Salim and Yadav (2011); Mayangsari (2014); Sunarto and Budi (2009); Azhar and Norizza (2012); Samarakoon et al (2014); Niresh and Velnampy (2014); John and Muthusamy, Gabriel (2013); Tseng and Cheng (2011); Bei (2012) with stock exchange objects in several different countries. Different objects motivated the authors to conduct research on agribusiness companies listed on the IDX with the aim of analyzing the effects of capital structure and asset management on company profitability, analyzing the impact of capital structure and asset management on firm value, analyzing the effect of company profitability and analyzing the effects from capital structure and asset management to corporate value through profitability. This research is a descriptive causality study on agribusiness companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX). Company data were analyzed by SEM and it was concluded that (1) Capital Structure and Asset Management did not significantly influence Profitability (2) Capital Structure and Asset Management had a significant effect on Firm Value (3) Profitability did not significantly influence Firm Value and (4) ) Capital Structure and Asset Management have no significant effect on Company Value through Profitability. Opportunities that exist in the company for investment in the future need to be considered by comparison relative to projections of internal funding sources for policy making regarding the application of capital structure and asset management to company value with profitability as a moderator, to maximize capital structure and asset management as a The main purpose.

. Dragon fruit is one type of tropical fruit that is being developed in Indonesia. Some of the ingredients in the dragon fruit peels and ginger act as antioxidants that are good for human health. Dragon fruit peels contain betacyanin and vitamin C. While ginger contains oleoresin and vitamin C. The optimize of utilization of dragon fruit peels and ginger are to add the jelly candy production. The study design was a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 2 factors and 3 levels on each factor. The first factor is 0 ml, 10 ml and 30 ml dragon fruit peels. The second factor is ginger 0 ml, 37.50 ml and 41.50 ml. Observation variables consisted of water content, color (L *, a *, b *), vitamin C, betacyanin, antioxidants, antioxidant compound, organoleptic (color, taste, aroma, and texture). The results of this study showed that the selected treatment was the jelly candy added with 30 ml dragon fruit peel and 41.50 ml ginger. This jelly candy had a moisture content of 13.75%, brightness of 31.30, red color of 2.70, yellow color of 2.60, vitamin C of 2.01%, betacyanin of 61 , 39 mg / l, and antioxidant activity of 37.98%. In jelly candies with selected treatments contained antioxidant compound in the form as Diisooctyl Phthalate compounds and 1,2 - Benzenedicarboxylic Acid - 1,2 - Benzenedicarboxylic Acid, Bis (2-Ethylhexyl) Esters - Benze.

Cookies are one type of snack that is very popular with people both in city and village areas. Cookies are a type of biscuit made from soft, crispy dough and when broken the cross section looks less dense textured. In general, the stage of making cookies consists of mixing, printing and baking. Basically, making cookies uses low protein flour. The high demand for wheat flour has increased the volume of wheat imports from year to year so as to reduce dependence on consumption of wheat flour by utilizing local food ingredients. Mocaf and cowpea flour can be used for replace wheat flour in making cookies. Mocaf is flour made from fermented cassava. Cowpea flour is flour made from milled cowpea.

The development of food processing industry in Indonesia supported by agricultural natural resources, capable of producing various processed products that can be created and developed from local or regional natural resources. Currently in some Asian countries many food products are lifted from local food types and processed traditionally. Home industry companies are small companies run by families or small groups such as home industries. As time goes on in the business world make companies to start thinking about quality business concepts. Business concepts will be of quality when management is well executed in line with changes in decision-making undertaken by the company, especially in companies engaged in household-scale industries. The formulation of the problems are: the production management cassava chips business in the group of farm women Budi Makmur already arranged well,? How is the implementation of production management function of cassava chips business in group of farmer farmer of Budi Makmur at Sumbertempur Village of Wonosari District of Malang Regency. The Respondent shown in this study were all members of the Budi Makmur farmer group as actors producing cassava chips.

Cassava crops (Manihot utilissima) are well known and widely cultivated by rural and suburban communities, adaptable to the environment or marginal and dry climates, the risk of small crop failure and drought tolerance. Based on the above, it is necessary to study the efficiency of production and income of farmers in cassava farming. The objective is to know the factors of production that influence the production of cassava, the efficiency of the use of cassava production factor and the profit of farmers in the cassava farming. Population in this research is member of farmer group Budi Makmur which amounts to 25 people in in one farmer group, Location of  Dusun   SumberTempur   Kidul   SumberTempur   Village Wonosari District, Malang Regency

STUDI STABILITAS ANTIOKSIDAN TERHADAP LAMA PENYIMPANAN UBI JALAR UNGU (Ipomoea batatas Var.Ayamurasaki) TERENKAPSULASI

Tempe memiliki daya cerna yang lebih baik karena telah mengalami proses fermentasi. Saat ini, tempe memiliki keterbatasan penggunaan karena umur simpannya yang pendek, sehingga tempe harus dideversifikasi untuk menciptakan nilai tambah. Hasil diversifikasi pangan berbasis tempe yang dikembangkan menjadi permen coklat sehingga memiliki umur simpan yang tinggi dan berpotensi memberi nilai tambah. Cokelat tempe awalnya dibuat untuk menyelamatkan kelebihan produksi tempe, karena produksi tempe mentah berlebihan akan membuat tempe menjadi cepat basi, maka dari itu tempe diolah menjadi makanan cemilan bagi masyarakat yaitu coklat tempe.  Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui karakteristik organoleptic coklat tempe sebagai diversifikasi pangan lokal, sedangkan tujuan khusus yaitu membuat coklat tempe melakukan uji organoleptik, dengan membandingkan dengan produk yang telah ada di pasar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif komparatif. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui perbedaan uji organoleptic dari cokelat tempe yang diteliti dengan yang ada dipasaran dengan merk “De Konco” dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan data yang diperoleh diolah menggunakan metode statistik. Uji organileptik dilakukan pada 30 orang panelis.  Berdasarkan pengamatan organoleptic disimpulkan tidak ada perbedaan nyata pada uji organoleptic tekstur. Terdapat perbedaan nyata pada pengamatan uji organoleptic aroma dan uji organoleptic rasa. Produk baru coklat tempe dapat dipasarkan karena dari parameter yang diamati terdapat kesamaan dengan coklat tempe Dekonco yang sudah lebih dahulu dipasarkan
 

. Tofu is a soybean product which is very popular and widely produced in Indonesia. Tofu is white in color and has a soft and creamy texture. This study aims to analyze buying-motivation factor, reference group, consumer income, and the place of buying influence the decision on the number of tofu-buying at the KLB Tofu Factory and to determine the dominant factors influencing the decision to buy tofu. This research was conducted at the KLB Tofu Factory, Jalan Pelabuhan Ketapang 1, Kelurahan Bakalan Krajan, Kecamatan Sukun, Malang City. The study’s sampling method is sampling accidental. The study’s population is 525 people and the sample is 84 respondents using the Slovin formula with an error rate of 10%. Data were collected using questionnaires from 84 respondents who were samples from tofu consumers who bought tofu directly at the KLB Tofu Factory. The analytical tool used in this study is the multiple linear regression analysis using the f test (simultaneous), t test (partial); and the dominant factor influencing the decision on the number of tofu buying at the KLB Tofu Factory is determined by comparing the beta value (?) or the magnitude of the beta coefficient (?) on the results of the t test (partial). The results show that simultaneously the independent variable (X) has a significant effect on the dependent variable (Y) the number of tofu buying. Variables that partially have a significant effect are buying motivation, reference group, and consumer income. While the place of purchase variable has no significant effect on the number of tofu buying. The dominant factor that influences the number of tofu purchases is buying motivation. The value of the beta coefficient (?) of buying motivation is greater than the value of the reference group, consumer income, and place of purchase.

Sugarcane plantations played an important role in increased value-added in the economy. Sugarcane is used as a key ingredient in sugar production. High consumption has not offset the production of sugar. Production can meet consumption by performing technical efficiency of usaha tani. This study is aimed at identifying the impact of the use of sugarcane production factors and the technical efficiency of the use of sugarcane production factors. The implementation of this study is in the village of Arjosari in the east, Calypso district, unfortunate district. The study population is 35 respondents in sugarcane growers. Sample strain strain is 32 respondents. The methods used in data collection are observation, interviews, and questionnaires. Analysis used is linear regression using f-test, t-test, and technical efficiency. Results obtained in this study indicate that in a simultaneous free variable (x) has an effect on bound variables (y). Those that have partial effects are manure (x3), zec fertilizer (x4), and labor (x7). Other such variables as land area (x1), seeds (x2), fertilizer phonska (x5) and drops or molasses (x6) have no effect on sugarcane production. Technical efficiency is known for the value of constants obtained in the production function of the cobb douglass stochastic frontier. Unavailable translation service. Subscribe now to enjoy professional translation

Banana Ledre is a food product processed from banana which is a type of snack. Processing of agricultural products aims to add value to this product because it can be sold at a higher price than fresh product. Banana ledre made by U.D. Dua Putri Dewi, Malang City uses several inputs other than banana as raw material. In the production process, efficiency in the use of inputs is an important thing that needs to be considered by entrepreneurs. Technical efficiency is a measure of how well resources or production inputs are used in the production process to provide optimal results. This study aims to analyze the technical efficiency of the use of production inputs consisting of raw materials, labor, and wages in producing banana ledre. The method used to analyze technical efficiency is Cobb Douglas production function regression analysis. In order to do the analysis, the production function is transformed into a linear model. The research hypothesis was tested by comparing the value of bi with a value range of 0-1. The results showed that the use of production cost factors was not efficient. This is based on the b1 value of 1.474 where this value is greater than 1. The use of working hours is inefficient based on the b2 value (-0.515) which is less than 0. The use of work wages is efficient based on the b3 value (0.059) which ranges from 0-1. Based on these results, entrepreneurs need to review the use of raw material costs and working hours in the production process. Things that can be done include finding raw material suppliers that offer lower prices and optimizing working hours as efficiently as possible.

Urban yards can be used for organic urban farming by growing vegetables without the use of chemicals. By doing this, the need for nutritious and healthy food at the family level can be met. One of the disadvantages of growing vegetables in the yard is neglecting plant care, especially watering. This causes the plants to lack water and the resulting vegetables wilt and even die. A drip irrigation system using either a hose or emitter can be applied to meet plant water needs. However, the characteristics of organic urban farming actors have an impact on the choice of irrigation type applied in their respective yards. Therefore, the aim of this research is to analyze the characteristics of respondents and identify the considerations of respondents in determining the type of irrigation used. The analytical method used is descriptive qualitative. The research results showed that the majority of respondents were of productive age, with the highest level of education being high school, and the type of work was as workers (civil servants, private sector and entrepreneurs). Considerations in determining the type of irrigation are the level of complexity, availability of time, ease of implementation.

Tempe is a typical Indonesian food, even tempeh is also known to the international community According to Hermana (1985), tempe is a processed soy protein rich. The purpose of this research is 1) to know the socio-economic factors that affect the profits of tempe craftsmen in Sanan Malang City, 2) to know how the influence of socio-economic factors to the advantage of skilled artisans Sanan Malang, 3) To know whether in Making tempe provide benefits or not to tempe craftsmen in Sanan Malang. The hypothesis of this research are: 1) The cost of raw materials and the amount of production is expected to affect the profit of pengerajin tempe in Sanan Malang City, 2) Allegedly socio-economic factors (education, age, number of family dependents, amount of production, Raw materials) affect the profits of tempe craftsmen in Sanan Malang. 3) tempe craftsmen in Sanan Malang city advantageous.

In the management of a farm, farmers seek to terms obtained economically profitable, where costs can generate maximum production. So in the end farmers' income increase, with rising incomes then off automatically farme welfare level will increase. According Purba (2008), the cropping pattern is a sequence of planting on a plot of land in one year, including soil treatment period. Implementation of the cropping pattern of a technical irrigation area in a year, usually carried out by the Decree of the Head of the Local. Besides the considerations in support of national food policy, the determination of the cropping pattern is also made based on the availability of water and aspirations of farmers.

Organic waste management plays a crucial role in supporting sustainable agriculture by recycling valuable resources and reducing environmental impacts. This systematic literature review explores the implementation of organic waste management strategies, including composting, vermicomposting, fermentation, and eco-friendly technologies, in developed countries such as Germany, the Netherlands, and Sweden. The review also highlights the challenges and opportunities in each country, considering technological limitations, social and cultural aspects, as well as policy and regulations. Moreover, it analyzes the implications for sustainable agriculture and provides recommendations for further research. The findings underscore the importance of integrating organic waste management into agricultural practices to enhance soil fertility, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and promote sustainable farming systems globally.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) is an important commodity in medicinal plant entrepreneurs in Indonesia as well as processed food ingredients such as ginger pikel which is one of the preserved ginger which is processed by a fermentation process. This product is obtained from the fermentation of lactic acid bacteria found on the surface of ginger rhizome and its growth is stimulated by a solution of sugar and salt (NaCl). Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are gram-positive bacteria that do not have cytochromes, prefer anaerobic conditions, are acid-fast and are fermentative. The selected ginger pickles were fermented ginger with a concentration of 2% granulated sugar and 10% salt (NaCl) for 7 days with a pH value of 4.57, 0.52% total acid and TPC BAL 4.63 CFU/ml x 106 . Based on the results of analysis with 16SrRNA and calculation of kinship or similarity of Lactic Acid Bacteria with phylogenic trees, it was identified the types of Lactobacillus plantarum strain BM4 and Lactobacillus sp. 20(2010).

Strawberries are a hybrid plant species of the genus Fragaria. This plant is a popular plant that is often well cultivated throughout the world. Fruits have special characteristics, especially in shape, color, texture, taste and aroma. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the marketing mix on purchasing decisions for strawberries and to determine the dominant marketing mix influencing purchasing decisions for strawberries in Pandanrejo Village, Bumiaji District, Batu City. The research location is in the Strawberry Barn, Pandanrejo Village, Bumiaji District, Batu City. Determination of the sample in this study using accidental sampling with the Slovin formula, the sample in this study amounted to 60 respondents. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the marketing mix on purchasing decisions of strawberries and to determine the dominant marketing mix influencing purchasing decisions of strawberries The results of this study indicate that the independent variable of the marketing mix (X) has a significant effect on the dependent variable on the purchasing decision of strawberries (Y). Product variables (X1), price (X2), promotion (X3), and place (X4) have a partial effect on purchasing decisions for strawberries (Y). The dominant variable influencing the decision to buy strawberries is the place variable (X4). This is because the beta coefficient value of the place variable is greater than the product beta coefficient (X1), price (X2), and promotion (X3)

Ornamental plants are horticultural plants that have the potential to be developed in Indonesia, namely Chrysanthemum Cut Flowers. Horticultural crops are divided into two namely edible plants and non-edible plants. This study aims to analyze the effect of color quality, shape quality, location, means of place of purchase and consumer income influencing the decision to purchase cut flowers in Bulukerto Village, Bumiaji District, Batu City. This research was conducted in Bulukerto Village, Bumiaji District, Batu City. The determination of the sample in this study was accidental sampling, the population in this study was 30 people. Data was collected using a questionnaire given to consumers who bought chrysanthemum cut flowers directly. The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression analysis using determination test, F test (simultaneous), t test (partial). The results showed that what influenced the purchasing decision of chrysanthemum cut flowers, namely color quality (X1), shape quality (X2), location (X3), means of place of purchase (X4) and consumer income (X5) simultaneously significantly affected the dependent variable (Y). Variables that partially have a significant effect are location, means of place of purchase, and consumer income. While the color quality and shape quality variables have no significant effect on the number of purchases.

Coffee is a commodity with a very important role in the national economy. International Coffee Organization said that Indonesia is the sixth rank in the world's largest coffee consumption. The climate in Indonesia is suitable for commercializing coffee plants, but the ability of farmers in marketing strategy to is still low so, the income obtained by coffee farmers is not optimum. In Malang, there are four coffee producing regions, one of it is Batu City which produces Arabica coffee. Arabica coffee has a higher selling value than robusta coffee and liberika. Coffee farmers in Batu City are spread in five sub-districts. The number
of samples used in this study are twelve coffee farmers because in Batu there are twelve coffee producers who cultivated, processed into coffee powder, and marketed their own coffee products to consumers with diverse income and varied strategy designs in marketing process. The determination of the sample in this study is non probabilily sampling with purposive sampling. To measure the marketing mix is used a Likert scale, while to measure the income of coffee farmers an open questionnaire is used that will be distributed to farmers. The method is used descriptive analysis to determine the marketing mix strategy used by farmers, cost and income analysis to determine farmers' income and multiple linear regression analysis to determine the effect of marketing mix strategies on the income of coffee farmers in Batu City. The results showed that the marketing strategy used by coffee farmers in Batu City are 7p marketing mix strategy including products, prices, places, promotions, people, physical evidence and processes. The average farmer income per one coffee tree is Rp. 412.500 with an average total cost of Rp. 127.824, the average income received by coffee farmers in Batu City per one coffee tree is Rp. 284.676. Variable marketing mix 7p has a simultaneous and partial effect on income.

PENGARUH PERLAKUAN VACUUM DRYING TERHADAP EKSTRAK ANTOSIANIN UBI JALAR UNGU (Ipomoea batatas Var.Ayamurasaki)

Red beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L) belong to the group of peas (legume). The technology of shading is one of the alternative processes of semi-finished products that are recommended because they are more durable to be stored. There are two types of brownies, steamed brownies and oven brownies. Red bean flour can replace 10% wheat flour in making brownies and can replace 20% flour in the manufacture of sponge cake products. Increased oven temperature will increase development volume and texture. The purpose of this study was to determine the proportion of red bean flour and oven temperature to the character of red bean brownies. The factorial 2-factor study design was arranged in a Randomized Block Design (RBD). The observation variable consisted of antioxidant activity, hardness, protein, crude fiber, organoleptic test (flavor, aroma, texture. Proportion 1 factor T0 (0 gr red bean flour + 100 gr flour), T1 (50 gr red bean flour + 50 gr wheat flour), T2 (70 grams of red bean flour + 30 grams of flour) 2. Factor 2 oven temperature (160, 180, 220 ? C) The chosen treatment is the proportion of red bean flour 70 gr + wheat flour 30 grams and oven temperature 160 ?C with antioxidant activity (42.8%), Hardness (0.96 N), Protein (9.7%), Crude fiber (3.6%), and panelist preference for Aroma value (4,33) , Taste (4.43), and Texture (4.33).

KEPUTUSAN PETANI DALAM USAHATANI APEL
KEPUTUSAN PETANI DALAM USAHATANI APEL
 

Organic vegetables are foods that are environmentally friendly and healthy. This study aimed to determine the socio-economic factors on the demand housewives against organic mustard in Malang. This research was conducted in the Village Cemorokandang, District Kedung Cage Malang chosen deliberately because this location is one of the organic vegetable market and production center for organic vegetables (spinach, kale) in the city of Malang. The independent variables in this study are: aged housewife, homemaker education, number of household members, the price of organic vegetables are cabbage, collards non orgnik vegetable prices, expenditure housewives to buy vegetables. The dependent variable: the number of organic mustard purchased

FAKTOR FAKTOR PRODUKSI JAGUNG (Zea mays L.) DI DESA PAGAK, KECAMATAN PAGAK, KABUPATEN MALANG
FAKTOR FAKTOR PRODUKSI JAGUNG (Zea mays L.) DI DESA PAGAK, KECAMATAN PAGAK, KABUPATEN MALANG

The overplus of vegetables like potato or cabbage that other plants is have high productivity, easy marketing, and have stable price, so that’s really profitable from economic point of view. Vegetable management that use high chemical input, aviability of high quality seed, and pests or plant desease causing low quality vegetables, high cost production, and high risk of crop failure is because of the ability of farmers in efficient vegetable management. Research population is the active cabbage farmer at Tulungrejo, Bumiaji, Batu. Research location is designed because this area is a centre of cabbage production and cabbage is prime product in Bumiaji. The independent variable is : Area production, seed amount, fertilizer, workers, and pestiside. Dependent variable is Total production. Analysis methods using descriptive analysis for hipotesis test 1 and regretion analysis for hipotesis test 2.

Tempe is an authentic Indonesian fermented product made from soybeans or other types of beans that use the fungus Rhizopus oligosporus and uses the fungus Rhizopus oryzae. Soybean (Glycine max) is one of the sources of vegetable protein, which is relatively cheap compared to animal protein sources. Soybeans contain phenolic compounds. Phenolic compounds contained in soybeans partly act as antioxidants. Soybeans also contain aflatoxin. Tempe made from fermented soybeans can be indicated aflatoxin. In this study using a Complete Random Design (CRD) with four varieties treatment and that is import soybeans "Bola" (A1), local soybean varieties Dena 1 (A2), local soybean varieties Devon 1 (A3) and local soybean varieties Anjasmara (A4).

Along with increasing population growth, there are also more and more businesses in the field of food processing because food is the main human need. One of the food products that are well known among the public is tofu. Tofu is one of the staple foods in Indonesia. A business feasibility study is a study about whether or not a business is carried out profitably on an ongoing basis. Tofu agroindustry Sumber Rejeki is a soybean processing industry into tofu. The Sumber Rejeki tofu agroindustry is located in Nggorang, Komodo District, West Manggarai Regency. A business that is run certainly requires a proper planning and calculation. The purpose of this study was to determine the cost, income and business feasibility of the tofu source of fortune agroindustry in Nggorang, Komodo District, West Manggarai Regency. The analysis used in this research is the analysis of Costs and Revenues, R/C Ratio, Net Present Value (NPV), and Internal Rate Of Return (IRR). The results showed that the Sumber Rejeki tofu business in Nggorang Komodo District, West Manggarai Regency obtained a profit with a value of TC > TR or Rp. 216,000,000 > Rp. 111,636,607, while the results of the feasibility analysis of Sumber Rejeki's tofu business in Ngorang, Komodo Subdistrict, West Manggarai Regency were feasible to use. R/C Ratio > 1 or R/C Ratio = 1.75 > 1, NPV > 0 or NPV = 753.727.492 > 0, IRR > i or IRR = 80.9 % > 4.27%. That means that the Sumber Rejeki tofu business in Nggorang, Komodo District, West Manggarai Regency is profitabel and worth working on.

PENGARUH METODE PENGERINGAN TERHADAP STABILITAS ANTIOKSIDAN UBI JALAR UNGU (Ipomoea batatas Var.Ayamurasaki) TERENKAPSULASI

Tempeh industry is a typical household business that requires little investment and has few workers. Efficient marketing could optimize the income of tempeh’s producers. This research aims to understand the marketing efficiency and factors that affect the purchasing margin of tempeh in selected areas. This research will study the value of farmer’s share and the marketing margin of tempeh to evaluate the commerce efficiency. The sampels are the producers and sellers. 58 tempeh’s producers are selected by the simple random sampling method. The sellers, on the other hand, are chosen using the snowball sampling, a technique that tracks down the marketing process. The variable studied in the  research are as follows: 1) producer’s tempeh’s selling cost, 2) tempeh’s selling price on commercial institution, 3) marketing cost, 4) total amount of sold products, 5) numbers of  marketing  institution  where the  product  passes,  6)  the  marketing margin, 7) the farmer’s share, and 8) marketing efficiency. The research finds three marketing channels on the case study areas. The first channel is from the producers to tempeh. The second channel is form producers to retailers to consumers. The third channel is from producers to peddlers to consumers. By using the farmer’s share, the calculation of commerce efficiency. The leading cause is the lack of middlemen. Moreover, the double regression analysis show the retailers tempeh selling cost (X4) to be the dominant factor in the marketing margin of tempeh.

Bananas are one of horticultural plants with a large production potential in Indonesia. There are two types of bananas in Indonesia, namely that can be eaten immediately and which must be processed first before eaten. Processed bananas are very abundant and one example is a snack called Ledre. One of the Ledre Banana processing industries in Malang City is UD Dua Putri Dewi. The purpose of this study is to find out the marketing strategies used by UD Dua Putri Dewi by using SWOT Analysis as the research method. The results of the analysis show that each factor in the marketing strategy has a varied score. In the strength of the ledre’s banana UD Dua Putri Dewi, the highest score of the indicator score was the delicious ledre banana with a score of 0.189. Weakness factor has the highest score score indicator is the incomplete regulation of the implementation of production and fund management, including SOP (standard of operation and procedure) with a score of 0.121. The opportunity factor (Opportunity) has the highest indicator score, which is very useful government support with a score of 0.206. Threat factor (Threat) has the highest score of the indicator, namely the number of competitors who are increasing and competitive with a score of 0.154. The marketing strategy in UD Dua Putri Dewi using SWOT analysis is in quadrant I which is a strategy that supports aggressive strategies. At that position UD Dua Putri Dewi is in a situation where its strength is taking advantage of opportunities. Thus, the strategy that must be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth Oriented Strategy).

Kefir is one fermented product that has a taste, a yogurt-like consistency color and has a distinctive yeast aroma. Peanuts are economically ranked second after soybeans. As peanut food has important nutritional benefits in the human nutriency of high protein, minerals and essential fatty acids such as linoleic and oleic acids. Peanut milk contains a very high amino acid almost equivalent to the protein content of animal milk and the price is relatively cheap This study aims to determine the effect of varieties and length of fermentation on the quality of peanut milk kefir. The research design used was Completely Randomized Design (RAL) consisting of 2 factor V peanut varieties consisting of 2 levels (Hypoma 1 and Singa) and long L fermentation factor consisting of 3 levels (21, 24 and 27 hours), each of which was repeated 3 times. The observed observations were pH, total acid, alcohol content, protein content, fat content, Total Plate Count (TPC), Texture Profile Analysis (TPA). Treatment of varieties and duration of fermentation of peanut milk kefir have significant effect on pH value, total acid, fat content, Total Plate Count (TPC), significantly affect alcohol content and no significant effect on protein content, Texture Profile Analysis (TPA), organoleptic aroma, taste and texture. Quality of peanut milk kefir produced on lion varieties with 24 hours fermentation time of total acid 6.43%, alcohol content 2.84%, protein content 2.80%, Total Plate Count (TPC) 30.67 x 103 CFU and Adhesiveness 1.324 g/s.

The optimalization of raw materials supply is intended to meet the needs of raw materials for the process of the production process the future; the activity of controlling raw materials manages the implementation of necessary supply in accordance with the required amount and minimal cost, which includes the problem of purchasing raw materials, storing and maintaining materials, controlling the output of the material when materials are needed and maintaining the optimal supply amount. The raw material supply control can be analyzed using the EOQ method as one of the choices in comparing the implemented company policies. This research was conducted at Agronas Gizi Food. The analysis technique used is by comparing the results of company policy calculation and the EOQ method. The calculation of company policy includes the cost of ordering  (S) with the results of Rp. 183,800 / order, supply costs (H) with a result of Rp.859 / Kg, total inventory costs (TIC) that must be spent Rp.5,689,560, the frequency of purchase 30 times, with an average purchase of 1500 kg / year while the calculation method EOQ includes economical purchases (Q*) with results of 4198 kg, frequency of purchases (F) with the result 10 times a year, total inventory costs (TIC) with the result of Rp.3,605,795, safety stock Rp.3,605,795, and ROP 234 Kg. Based on the analysis technique on raw material for potato chips in Agronas Gizi Food, it can be concluded that it is not optimal because the calculation the results of company policies are greater than the EOQ method.

Yogurt is a type of beverage classified as a refreshment drink which is produced through a fermentation process that uses Lactic Acid Bacteria. Most legumes have been widely used as raw materials in the making of a milk known as vegetable milk. Legume milk contains amino acids that are almost equivalent to the amino acid  content of animal milk so it can be used as a base substitute material for fermented animal milk. Processed green bean milk yogurt is a form of food diversification. Skim milk is a low- fat milk added in the production of green bean milk yogurt, and yogurt starter is an important factor in the process of yogurt making. The purpose of the study is to determine the effects of the addition of yogurt starter and skim milk on the quality of green bean milk. The research design is 2-Factor Factorial Design arranged with Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Factor I consists of 2 levels, namely 12 grams of skim milk and 15 grams of skim milk; factor II consists of 3 levels, namely 15 ml, 20 ml, and 25 ml of starters. Observation variables consist of pH, total acid, viscosity, protein content, lactic acid bacteria, organoleptic aroma test, organoleptic texture test, and organoleptic taste test. From the results of this study, the highest results obtained in the treatment consist of: a) 12 grams of skim milk and 25 ml of 8.13%,Total Acid, Organoleptic Aroma Test 4.57, Organoleptic Texture Test 4.73; b) 15 grams of skim milk and 25 ml of starter of pH 4.17, Viscosity 8.67 cP, protein content 0.94%, Lactic Acid Bacteria 2933.33 x 103 CFU / mL, Organoleptic Aroma Test 4.57, Organoleptic Texture Test 4.61, Organoleptic Taste Test 5.02.

Jelly candy is a soft-textured processed food, clear appearance, transparent, elastic with certain elasticity with the addition of a thickening agent such as pectin and others. Pectin is a good gelling agent and stabilizer in jelly candies with low pH conditions. Dragon fruit skin is  one  of  the  fruit  peels  which  has  a  high  pectin  content  of  10.79%.  Dragon  fruit  peel (Hylocereus polyrhizus) extraction as an alternative in obtaining commercial pectin. The addition of sugar serves as a preservative, inhibits the growth of microorganisms, decreases the activity of food water. The purpose of this study was to determine the addition of dragon fruit peel pectin and sugar to the quality of jelly candy. The study used factorial designs arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 2 factors: factor I pectin concentration consisting of 3 levels (1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%) and factor II sugar concentration consisting of 3 levels namely (40%, 50%, 60%). The method was analyzed by Homogeneity test in IBM SPSS version 24 and further tests (Tukey test). The selected treatment on the addition of 2.0% dragon fruit peel pectin and 60% sugar influences the quality of jelly candy which has a moisture content of 42.812%, reducing sugar 4.900%, vitamin C 0.220%, color (L = 55,500%, a * = 15,333 %, b * = 1.800%), texture 0.025% N / mm2. Organoleptic results for panelists' preferences were jelly candy color 4,433%, jelly candy texture 4.555% and jelly candy taste 4.522%. Reducing sugar and jelly candy texture meet SNI 2008 standards.