Berdasarkan hasil observasi dan wawancara di kelas X MA Walisosngo Kayen, Kabupaten Pati, Jawa Tengah diperoleh informasi bahwa para siswa kesulitan memahami materi fenomena litosfer. Rata-rata hasil belajar siswa masih di bawah kriteria ketuntasan minimal. Salah satu upaya mengatasi kesulitan yang dihadapi adalah pemilihan bahan ajar yang mendukung proses pemahaman materi. Modul digital berbasis Google Sites merupakan bahan ajar berbasis website dan memuat elemen multimedia. Pemanfaatan modul digital selaras dengan kurikulum merdeka yang berpusat pada siswa dan integrasi teknologi digital dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proses pembelajaran menggunakan modul digital Google Sites, menganalisis hasil belajar siswa dan mengukur tingkat efektivitas modul digital untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan model pre-experimental dan one group pretest-posttest design. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi tes, angket, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah n-gain, paired sample t-test, dan deskriptif persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan modul digital Google Sites layak digunakan dengan skor validItas 78,5% (layak), hasil uji n-gain mendapat hasil 0,67 (sedang) sehingga modul digital Google Sites dinyatakan cukup efektif, sedangkan pada indikator aktivitas belajar memperoleh rata-rata skor 81,7% (baik, dan untuk respon siswa memperoleh 78,2% (baik). Diperlukan peningkatan aktivitas oral pada modul digital.

Efficient and accurate fuel management systems are becoming increasingly important as energy needs and operational complexity increase in various industrial sectors. This study aims to design and implement a fuel flow monitoring and control system using a variable control valve. This system allows real-time monitoring of the level and flow of fuel in the service tank on the ship, as well as automated control. In its implementation, ultrasonic sensors, control valves are combined with LM2596 connected to Arduino nano for data collection, analysis and visualization. The test results show that this system is able to provide accurate data on the flow and level of fuel in the service tank on the ship by displaying the measurement results on the LCD and providing warnings via a buzzer. The LCD display shows the reading of the fuel level and valve opening in the tank. At a fuel level of 0 - 25% the valve will open 100% and requires an average filling time of 25 seconds, At a fuel level of 25% - 50% the valve will open 75% and requires an average filling time of 27 seconds, At a fuel level of 50 - 75% the valve will open 50% and requires an average filling time of 30 seconds, At a fuel level of 75 - 99% the valve will open 25% and requires an average filling time of 32 seconds.

The beauty industry is experiencing significant growth due to digital transformation, particularly through the use of brand ambassadors and social media marketing. This study investigates the impact of brand ambassadors and social media marketing on purchase intention, with brand image as the mediating variable. This research focuses on Azarine, the skincare from Indonesia and targets potential consumers in Riau Islands aged 18-44 who follow the Instagram account @azarinecosmeticofficial and recognize Prilly Latuconsina, Syifa Hadju, Angga Yunanda, and Lee Min Ho as brand ambassadors. A quantitative approach was applied using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS software. The research shows that brand ambassadors and social media marketing positively and significantly influence purchase intentions, with a higher direct impact compared to an indirect one through brand image. This study highlights the effectiveness of digital brand strategies in shaping consumer decisions and offers insights for marketing professionals in the beauty sector. These results emphasize the strategic role of celebrity endorsements and content-based engagement in influencing consumer perceptions and purchasing behavior.

TikTok, as a social media platform, is increasingly gaining attention in English language teaching (ELT) due to its potential to enhance speaking and listening skills through interactive learning experiences. However, its effectiveness in formal education is still debated due to challenges pedagogical. This study aims to synthesize evidence related to the role of TikTok in English Language Teaching (ELT), specifically its impact on students' speaking, listening, and engagement learning. This study employs a systematic review method based on the PRISMA guidelines, with data search using the keywords “Digital Learning; English Language Teaching (ELT); Learner Engagement; Social Media; TikTok” in five academic databases, namely Scopus (n = 30), Mendeley (n = 25), Publish or Perish (n = 40), Google Scholar (n = 50), as well as additional sources from ResearchGate (n = 4), Academia.edu (n = 1), and institutional repositories (n = 3). Of the 153 studies found, 48 were thoroughly reviewed, and 20 final studies were analyzed. The results show that TikTok can improve students’ pronunciation exercises, listening comprehension, and learning motivation. However, challenges such as content validity, curriculum integration, and potential distractions remain concerns. In conclusion, TikTok has the potential to serve as an additional learning tool in ELT, increasing engagement and language acquisition; however, a structured pedagogical strategy is necessary to maximize its benefits and address existing challenges. More research is needed to identify best practices in integrating TikTok into formal education.

This research focuses on designing the shortest path to a docking station for the charging system of a robotic coffee delivery system on a cruise ship. With the growing demand for more efficient and innovative services in the maritime industry, autonomous robots are increasingly being used for tasks such as delivering coffee to passengers. However, these robots face unique challenges in the confined and dynamic environment of a ship, particularly in terms of power management and recharging. The goal of this research is to create an efficient charging system using a power bank and Internet of Things (IoT) technology to minimize downtime and ensure continuous robot operation with minimal human intervention. By utilizing sensors such as the MPU 6050 for motion detection and the TCS 3200 for color recognition, the robot can autonomously navigate the shortest path to the docking station for charging, while IoT enables real-time battery capacity monitoring. This helps reduce the time spent on non-operational tasks and improves the overall efficiency of the system. This research not only enhances the robot’s ability to operate autonomously in complex environments but also provides a flexible and scalable solution for the maritime industry to integrate advanced robotics into their service operations. The results of this study contribute to the increased adoption of autonomous systems in the maritime sector, particularly in improving service efficiency on board, reducing the need for human intervention, and ensuring smoother service delivery to passengers.

This journal discusses the efficiency impact of the renovation of Merdeka Field on the development of local MSMEs. The aim is to understand and analyse the multifaceted impacts that the renovation of Merdeka Square has had on the development of local MSMEs, as well as to identify and assess the various challenges faced by local MSMEs following its revitalization, including issues relating to accessibility and the potential commercialization of public spaces. The methodology used in this study involved direct observation of MSME activities both before and after the renovation. In addition to comprehensive interviews with MSMEs and relevant stakeholders, in addition to documentation related to the revitalization process of Merdeka Square and its impact on MSMEs. With well-defined regulations and an enhanced suite of facilities, MSMEs near Merdeka Square are poised to achieve superior development and maintain competitiveness amidst the evolving urban landscape.
 

This article presents a comparative constitutional law study of the President's executive power. The article confidently interprets the President's executive power based on the 1945 Constitution. It does so by referring to the unitary executive theory developed in the United States by unitarians based on the Constitution of the United States. Unitary executive means that the President, as Chief Executive, holds all executive power. The study's central point is presidentialism, a system of government shared by the United States and Indonesia. This article has two purposes. First, it corrects the foundational flaw of the unitary executive theory developed by unitarians because they do not specifically claim presidentialism as the underlying principle of their theory. Second, it makes the unitary executive theory applicable to Indonesia.

22 Desember 2008 pemerintah menetapkan secara resmi angkutan massal untuk menanggulangi kemacetan yaitu dengan adanya BRT Trans Semarang yang kemudian beroperasi tahun 2010. Seiring berjalannya waktu, BRT Trans Semarang tidak mampu melayani rute-rute yang berada di perkampungan yang belum terhubung dengan angkutan masal lainnya, maka dari itu pemerintah melakukan pengembangan transportasi yang saling terhubung permukiman yang tidak dapat dijangkau oleh transportasi sehingga terciptanya Angkutan Pengumpan (Feeder) BRT Semarang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja pelayanan feeder dengan metode kuantitatif. Data didapatkan dengan cara observasi lapangan dan penyebaran kuesioner. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan melakukan analisis kinerja pelayanan angkutan umum, analisis kepuasan pengguna dengan metode CSI dan analisis prioritas peningkatan pelayanan dengan metode IPA.  Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kinerja pelayanan feeder berada pada kategori sedang. Sedangkan kepuasan pengguna feeder sebesar 86% dan termasuk kategori sangat puas. Terdapat beberapa aspek yang perlu ditingkatan performanya untuk meningkatkan layanan feeder, yaitu kemudahan mendapatkan tempat duduk, inisiatif penyedia jasa, kepercayaan penumpang terhadap penyedia jasa, kenyamanan armada, keramahan pengemudi, dan ketanggapan pengemudi saat ada masalah.

This study aims to determine the effect of obesity education videos on knowledge and attitudes towards obesity and their effectiveness in non health workers at Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. The research method used was quasi experimental with pretest-posttest control group design. The intervention test was carried out by giving obesity education videos to the intervention group. The results showed that there was a significant increase in knowledge in the intervention group after giving obesity educational videos (p = 0.000), while in the control group there was no significant change (p = 0.083). However, in the aspect of attitude, both intervention and control groups did not show significant changes (p> 0.05). This shows that educational videos are effective in increasing knowledge, but do not significantly affect changes in attitudes towards obesity. The conclusion of this study is that educational videos can be used as an effective medium in delivering health information to improve knowledge, but to achieve attitude improvement, comprehensive methods are needed, including social interaction and direct experience

This article discusses the design of a smart trash bin system based on a microcontroller that can provide real-time notifications via the Telegram application when the trash volume reaches its maximum capacity or when unpleasant odors are detected. The system is designed to enhance the efficiency of waste management in an elementary school environment in Central Java, Indonesia. The developed device utilizes two ultrasonic sensors to detect object proximity and trash volume, as well as an MQ4 sensor to identify methane gas as an odor indicator. The NodeMCU serves as the central controller and network interface for sending notifications to Telegram. Testing results demonstrate that the system effectively detects the trash bin's condition and delivers timely and automated notifications to cleaning personnel. This innovation is expected to serve as a practical and effective solution in supporting a cleaner and healthier school environment.