Several factors influence PV output, including irradiance, temperature, and panel tilt angle. Irradiance and tilt angle affect the Photovoltaic (PV) current, while temperature affects the PV voltage. To accurately measure the performance of PVs in the field, it is necessary to condition these three parameters. Therefore, a system should be created to condition these parameters. This research aims to develop a control and monitoring system based on the set point to condition irradiance, temperature, and tilt angle. This research started with system design, fabrication, functionality testing with the black box method, sensor reading accuracy, and PV performance testing. The functionality testing results indicate that each test item can perform as expected. The sensor testing revealed of 1%, 0.26%, and 1.8% errors for MLX90614, BH1750, and MPU6050, respectively. The system's performance was tested, and it was discovered that the input value, which is the setpoint of the three variables, i.e., irradiance, temperature, and tilt angle of the PV, can produce outputs that are almost the same as the input value and settling time is different to reach the setpoint of each parameter. PV performance measurement using this system can represent PV performance by conducting direct testing using direct sunlight.

Sharia Capital and Investment Market is part of the financial market based on Islamic sharia principles. The main goal is to ensure that investment and securities trading activities are in accordance with Islamic rules and values, such as fairness, transparency, and the prohibition of usury, gharar (uncertainty), and maysir (speculation). This system supports the development of sharia-based investment which continues to increase in line with the awareness of the Muslim community to manage their finances in accordance with sharia.

The results of the study show the application of environmental accounting (Green accounting) according to the Islamic perspective of waste management of PT. Sources of Graha Sejahtera (SGS) include Avoiding Air Pollution, Good Waste Management and Green Spaces.  PT incurs costs for environmental activities such as waste management, environmental monitoring costs, employee training costs, and environmental activity audit costs. All environmental costs, and allocating these costs based on cost types in a structured environmental accounting contribute well to environmental performance. The impact of the application of environmental accounting in waste management at PT. Sumber Graha Sejahtera (SGS) produces goodness and cleanliness because when a company carries out activities support environmental management, the management must wisely record every cost incurred related to environmental activity. These costs are referred to as environmental costs that must be charged to functions within the company appropriately, for example, production functions, marketing functions and other functions.

Penelitian dan analisi ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh sebuah bukti empiris mengenai pengaruh dari, rasio lancar (current ratio) dan rasio cepat (quick ratio) terhadap harga saham. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang bersifat kuantitatif. Teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik sampling, Teknik sampling yang diguunakan adalah tenik sampling jenuh, metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis regresi liinier berganda dengan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS versi 25. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu seluruh populasi yaitu, laporan keuangan PT Aneka Tambang Tbk periode 2015-2022 per triwulan, secara keseluruhan jumlah sampel selama 8 tahun terakhir sebanyak 31 sampel. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji T menunjukkan bahwa Rasio lancar (current ratio) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap harga saham Syariah dan Rasio cepat (quick ratio) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap harga saham Syariah pada PT Aneka Tambang Tbk yang terdaftar di Jakarta Islamic Index Periode 2015-2022.

This study aims to investigate the effect of Pofitability, Firm Value and Leverage on Income Smoothing in Consumer Cyclicals companies listed on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI) for 2020-2022. This study uses secondary data in the form of company annual reports that are the samples in the study and can be obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange's website. Samples were taken using a purposive sampling technique, totaling 21 companies. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistics, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis testing. Based on the results of the study, it shows that profitability and leverage partially have a significant effect on Income Smoothing, while Firm Value partially cannot have a significant effect on Income Smoothing. Then simultaneously Profitability, Firm Value, and Leverage can have a significant effect on Income Smoothing. The magnitude of the simultaneous effect is indicated by the R square value of 1.7%.

The role of modern markets, especially Alfamart and Indomaret in Indonesia, is getting bigger and is expected to eventually replace grocery stores. The existence of modern markets also raises different perceptions from every circle of society. There are some groups of people who view the existence of modern markets positively. For example, for the upper middle class, the existence of modern markets is very beneficial because they can shop comfortably and freely in modern markets. The existence of this modern market can also affect the income of traditional market traders. One of the most important factors for Grocery Store entrepreneurs is the revenue generated from their profits to maintain business continuity. The purpose of this study is to determine the strategy for the existence of grocery stores in dealing with the development of modern markets in Tebo district. In this study the method used was qualitative method by checking the validity of the data using the triangulation technique and the method of collecting data was using observation and interviews. The informants in this study were five traders and five consumers. Based on the results of this study, it shows that the existence of Alfamart/Indomaret in Tebo Tengah District, Tebo Regency has an impact on income and the number of consumers of grocery store traders, but grocery store traders try to survive by adding side businesses so that their business continuity is maintained