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This study aims to analyze the effect of Total Asset Turnover (TATO) and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) on stock prices at PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk for the period 2014 to 2023. This research uses a quantitative approach with an associative type of research. The data used is secondary data obtained from the company's annual financial statements and the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression, preceded by classical assumption tests to validate the model. The results show that partially, DER has a significant effect on stock prices, while TATO does not have a significant effect. However, simultaneously, both TATO and DER have a significant influence on stock prices. This indicates that the company’s capital structure plays an important role in influencing stock value in the capital market. Therefore, it is recommended that company management be more prudent in managing debt and improving asset utilization efficiency to attract investors and maintain the company’s stock price stability in the market.

This study aims to explain and test hypotheses regarding the influence of customer experience and product variation on consumer purchase decisions at Mie Judes Sambi Kediri, with brand image as a mediating variable. This research uses an associative approach with a quantitative method. The sampling technique employed is purposive sampling, involving 100 respondents who are consumers of Mie Judes Sambi. Data were collected through questionnaires, observations, documentation, and literature studies. The analysis technique used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Square (PLS), processed using SmartPLS version 4.1.1.2, which includes testing the outer model, inner model, and hypothesis testing. The results of the study indicate that customer experience and product variation have a positive and significant effect on brand image and purchase decisions. Brand image also has a significant influence on purchase decisions. Furthermore, brand image is proven to significantly mediate the influence of customer experience and product variation on purchase decisions. These findings affirm that enhancing customer experience and providing product variations that align with consumer preferences play a crucial role in building a strong brand image, which ultimately impacts consumer purchase decisions at Mie Judes Sambi Kediri.

The proliferation of fake news across digital platforms has raised critical concerns about information reliability. A notable example is the viral rumour falsely claiming that the Nigerian Minister of the Federal Capital Territory, Nyesom Wike, had collapsed at an event and was rushed to an undisclosed hospital an entirely fabricated claim that caused public confusion. While both traditional machine learning and deep learning approaches have been explored for automated fake news detection, many existing models have been limited to topic-specific datasets and often suffer from overfitting, especially on smaller datasets like ISOT. This study addresses these challenges by proposing a standalone Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) model for fake news classification using the ISOT dataset. Unlike multi-modal frameworks such as the MM-FND model by state-of-the-art model, which achieved 96.3% accuracy, the proposed BiLSTM model achieved superior results with 98.98% accuracy, 98.22% precision, 99.65% recall, and a 98.93% F1-score. The model demonstrated balanced classification across both fake and real news and exhibited strong generalization capabilities. However, training and validation performance plots revealed signs of overfitting after epoch 2, suggesting the need for regularization in future work. This study contributes to the growing body of research on fake news detection by showcasing the efficacy of a focused, sequential deep learning model over more complex architectures, offering a practical, scalable, and robust solution to misinformation detection

Illegal wildlife capture and trade is a form of crime that has a serious impact on environmental sustainability. This practice not only disrupts the balance of the ecosystem but also threatens the sustainability of biodiversity, a vital asset for the nation and the world. Lampung Province is a strategic region for wildlife trafficking due to its proximity to inter-island distribution routes. This condition makes Lampung one of the provinces with the highest number of wildlife confiscations in Indonesia, thus requiring increased attention from various parties. This study aims to analyze the factors causing illegal wildlife capture and trade, while also identifying mitigation efforts. The research method used is a combination of normative and empirical juridical. Data were obtained through literature review and interviews with relevant agencies, then analyzed qualitatively using an interactive approach and legal interpretation. The results show that economic factors, socio-cultural factors, education levels, environmental conditions, and hobby-based activities are the main triggers for the rise in wildlife crime. Economic motives often drive people to get involved due to the high selling price of wildlife, while socio-cultural factors and low legal awareness exacerbate the situation. An environment that supports fishing activities, along with demand from certain hobbies such as animal collecting, further increases the opportunity for violations. In response, the Lampung Regional Police, in collaboration with the Natural Resources Conservation Agency (BKSDA) SKW III Bengkulu-Lampung, have implemented penal measures through law enforcement, as well as non-penal measures through education, outreach, and community empowerment. This study concludes that synergy between law enforcement, active community participation, and sustainable prevention strategies is key to reducing the rate of wildlife crime. With integrated collaboration, it is hoped that biodiversity can be maintained for the sustainability of the ecosystem in the future.

This study aims to analyze and find the inhibiting factors faced by North Lampung Police investigators in handling domestic violence (KDRT) cases. The research approaches used are normative juridical and empirical juridical The normative juridical approach is carried out by examining laws and regulations related to the handling of domestic violence, such as Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence. Meanwhile, an empirical juridical approach is carried out through the collection of primary data from interviews with investigators, prosecutors, academics, and non-governmental organizations active in handling domestic violence. Secondary data is obtained from legal literature, official documents, and applicable regulations. The results of the study show that there are several significant obstacles in the process of investigating domestic violence cases. These obstacles include the lack of sensitivity of investigators to the psychological condition of the victim, social pressure and stigma towards the victim that makes reporting low, and limited public understanding of forms of domestic violence, especially non-physical ones such as psychological and economic violence. Internal obstacles also arise from the limitations of supporting facilities such as victim-friendly examination rooms, psychological assistants, and special training for investigators in handling gender-based cases. From the juridical side, the lack of a clear rule regarding the limits of penal mediation in domestic violence cases creates legal uncertainty and opens up space for perpetrators to escape criminal snares through peace that is often impure. In addition, the patriarchal culture that is still strong in society is a structural obstacle in the law enforcement process that favors victims, especially women. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the capacity of investigators through continuous training, the provision of victim-friendly support facilities, widespread legal socialization to the community, and the reformulation of legal policies that are more firm and in favor of victims. Thus, law enforcement of domestic violence cases can be carried out more effectively, fairly, and oriented towards the protection of human rights.

Heart failure is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Based on data from the World Health Organization (WHO), one of the most non-communicable diseases in the world is cardiovascular disease, whose spectrum is heart failure. To diagnose heart failure, a clinical history, physical examination and investigations are required. This study aims to determine the characteristics of heart failure patients at the heart polyclinic of RSUD Dr. M. Haulussy Ambon City March 2022. This research is a descriptive study. The number of samples in the study was determined using a categorical descriptive formula and the samples were taken using a simple consecutiv sampling technique. The data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS). The results showed that from 74 samples of heart failure patients, 37 people aged >60 years (50%), 42 men (56.8%), 55 people had a history of coronary heart disease (74.3%). , as many as 21 people had a history of hypertension grade 1 (35.1%), as many as 7 people had a history of diabetes mellitus (9.5%), as many as 27 people took diuretic drugs (36.5%), as many as 34 people had a history of smoking (45.9%), as many as 31 people had a history of hospitalization (41.9%), as many as 26 people had a history of arrhythmias (35.1%), as many as 8 people had a history of valve abnormalities (10.8%).

The main issue in this study is the practice of ministers concurrently holding positions as party chairpersons, despite conflicting with the provisions of Article 23 of Law No. 39 of 2008 concerning State Ministries, which prohibits ministers from concurrently serving as leaders of organizations funded by the state budget (APBN/APBD), including political parties that receive APBN/APBD funds. The focus of this research is on the reasons why the president appoints ministers from political party leadership and the implications of such dual positions. The method used is normative legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches, and data collection through literature review of regulations, literature, and other official documents. The study reveals that the main factors behind appointing ministers from party leadership are the dynamics of the multiparty system requiring the president to rely on coalition support, regulatory ambiguity regarding the prohibition of dual office holding, and political pragmatism that undermines the party’s role as representatives of the people. The implications of this practice include violations of Law No. 39 of 2008, weakening of checks and balances mechanisms, potential for transactional politics, strengthening of oligarchy and political dynasties, and violation of good governance principles. To address these issues, a revision of Article 23 of Law No. 39 of 2008 is necessary to make the prohibition of dual offices clearer, strengthen law enforcement mechanisms, ensure transparency in ministerial appointments, and secure the president’s commitment to meritocratic principles.

This study analyzes the potential use of cockle shell waste and coal fly ash as alternative raw materials in the production of composite brake pads. The high volume of industrial and fisheries waste, which has not been optimally utilized, encourages the exploration of environmentally friendly materials with adequate mechanical performance. The main focus of this research is the compressive strength of the produced brake pads, as this parameter is crucial for ensuring effective and safe braking performance. The method used includes the mixing and molding of composite materials with varying compositions of cockle shell and fly ash, followed by compressive strength testing according to standards. This study also takes into account the environmental impact of using waste as filler material, which is expected to reduce reliance on conventional materials and decrease waste that contaminates the environment. The results of the study are expected to provide empirical data on the potential of these two wastes as fillers in brake pad matrices and to identify the optimal formulation that provides the highest compressive strength. This study contributes to the development of sustainable braking materials and efforts to mitigate the environmental impact of waste, while also opening opportunities for the reuse of waste that has previously been poorly managed.

Water heating systems on ships play a crucial role in supporting crew comfort and operations. However, conventional systems generally operate continuously without automatic control, resulting in energy waste and high operational costs. This situation drives the need for innovation in more efficient and environmentally friendly water heater designs. This research aims to design and implement an automated water heater temperature control system based on an ESP32 microcontroller with on/off control and the use of paraffin wax as a latent heat storage medium. This design is expected to improve energy efficiency while reducing the operational costs of water heaters on ships. The research methodology includes system design, hardware assembly, and performance testing, both static and dynamic. Testing was conducted to evaluate temperature stability and energy efficiency in system conditions with and without the use of paraffin wax. The results showed that paraffin wax improved water temperature stability while reducing the frequency of heater activation. In a 24-hour test, the system without paraffin wax recorded a heater operating time of 15 hours, consuming 8.85 kWh of electricity and costing Rp11,965.20. In contrast, the Paraffin Wax system only requires 10 hours of heater operation, consumes 5.90 kWh, and costs Rp7,976.80. This demonstrates energy savings of 2.95 kWh and a cost efficiency of up to 58%. Therefore, the ESP32-based water heater automation system and heat storage using Paraffin Wax are proven to be more energy-efficient, cost-effective, and have the potential to be an innovative and environmentally friendly solution for ship operational needs.

This study proposes the integration of a Hybrid Recommendation method (combining Content-Based and Collaborative Filtering) with Random Forest Regression (RFR) to improve the accuracy of stay duration prediction in web-based boarding house booking systems. The main issue in online boarding booking systems is the inaccuracy of predicting user stay duration, affecting room allocation efficiency and customer satisfaction. The dataset was sourced from the hotel sector due to its attribute similarities and data validity. The research process includes data preprocessing (missing value imputation, normalization, and one-hot encoding), temporal and contextual feature engineering, hybrid recommendation system construction with CBF and CF score weighting, and RFR model training optimized through Grid Search and 10-fold cross-validation. Evaluation was conducted using MAE, RMSE, R² metrics, as well as recommendation metrics such as Precision@5, Recall@5, and Mean Reciprocal Rank (MRR). Results show that this integrated model achieved an R² of 0.7239 and an MAE of 1.0537 days, as well as a Precision@5 of 0.9636. This integration proves effective in improving prediction accuracy and recommendation relevance and contributes to the development of AI-based intelligent systems in the accommodation domain.

This study presents a modal analysis of Pertamina EP Cepu’s closed drain pump 510-P9002, which operates in the condensate–water treatment unit of the Jambaran Tiung Biru field. Field vibration measurements conducted in August 2024 indicated a fundamental frequency of 25 Hz, corresponding to 1×RPM of the driving motor, with maximum amplitudes reaching 13.46 mm/s. Such excessive vibration poses risks of mechanical damage, reduced equipment service life, and potential operational failure. To address this issue, finite element analysis (FEA) was employed to examine the dynamic response of the pump, determine its natural frequencies, and identify possible resonance conditions. A CAD model of the pump–vessel assembly was developed, meshed, and analyzed under actual boundary conditions. The results showed several natural frequencies ranging between 23.16 and 26.65 Hz, which are close to the excitation frequency, suggesting a very high likelihood of resonance. Various structural modifications were then evaluated, including a half casing and two types of full casings. Among these, the full casing B design provided additional stiffness in the motor support area; however, none of the modifications effectively reduced vibration within the internal components. Based on these findings, the study recommends the implementation of a dynamic vibration absorber (DVA) tuned to the excitation frequency, along with the redesign of structural components to shift natural frequencies away from operating excitation. These solutions are expected to improve operational stability, extend equipment lifespan, and enhance overall system reliability. The outcomes of this research provide important insights for managing vibration issues in pump systems operating under similar conditions, particularly in the oil and gas industry where continuous, stable operation is critical.

The Sugio–Tlanak Road Section, Sugio District, Lamongan Regency, is a vital transportation infrastructure as it connects interregional activities, both in economic, social, and community mobility aspects. This road is the main route used by various types of vehicles, from light vehicles to heavy vehicles with quite high traffic intensity. This condition has a significant impact on the quality of the road pavement, as indicated by the presence of various types of damage at several points, such as cracks, potholes, and road surface deformation. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation is needed to determine the level of road damage as a basis for consideration in planning maintenance and repairs. This study uses two assessment methods, namely the Bina Marga method and the Pavement Condition Index (PCI). The Bina Marga method assesses road conditions based on the Surface Distress Index (SDI) value obtained from direct identification in the field. The evaluation results show that the road condition on the Sugio–Tlanak section is classified as severely damaged at 60%, moderately damaged at 30%, and good condition at only 10%. Meanwhile, the PCI method provides results in the form of more detailed quantitative values. The analysis results obtained an average PCI score of 58.6, which is included in the Fair category. A comparison of the two methods shows that the Bina Marga method has advantages in terms of speed and ease of implementation, but its assessment is relatively subjective. In contrast, the PCI method provides more accurate and measurable results because it uses a quantitative approach with clear damage condition parameters. Therefore, although the Bina Marga method can still be used for rapid assessments in the field, the PCI method is more recommended as a basis for technical decision-making in planning road maintenance and quality improvement programs.

The increase in traffic volume in urban areas often triggers various problems, especially at Road intersection points that have a high level of interaction between vehicles. One of the locations that experience these problems is the intersection with the island of traffic without signal on Jl. Tebu-Jl. Tabrani Ahmad, City Of Pontianak. This study aims to analyze the performance of the intersection in the existing condition and project its performance in the next five years (2030), as well as formulate alternative treatment that can improve the smoothness of traffic. The analysis method refers to Indonesian road capacity guidelines (PKJI) 2023 and modeling using software PTV VISSIM. The data collected include intersection geometry, traffic volume, and vehicle speed. Traffic volumes were obtained through CCTV recordings for three consecutive days, then processed and presented in the form of tables and graphs for easy interpretation. The results of the existing condition analysis showed that the degree of saturation (DS) reached 0.407 with an average delay of 9.539 seconds (Level of Service/LOS B) based on PKJI, while VISSIM simulation resulted in a delay of 12.54 seconds (LOS B). The five-year projection (2030) shows an increase in DS to 0.878 with a delay of 15.177 seconds (LOS C) from PKJI, and 23.35 seconds (LOS C) from VISSIM, which indicates a decrease in Junction performance as traffic grows. Two handling alternatives were analyzed, namely the construction of roundabouts and the implementation of traffic flow management. VISSIM simulation shows that the roundabout can reduce the delay to 14.31 seconds with a queue length of 20.34 m (LOS B), while the flow management produces a delay of 11.81 seconds with a queue of 13.14 m (LOS B). This result confirms that both alternatives are able to improve the performance of the intersection compared to the projected condition without handling, so that it can be a technical recommendation for urban traffic planning in Pontianak.

Distribution is an important aspect that affects the operational efficiency of a company, especially in terms of goods delivery. This study aims to develop an optimization model for LPG gas distribution routes using Excel Solver based on geographic coordinate conversion. In this study, the method used includes converting geographic coordinates from decimal to Degree-Minute-Second (DMS) format, followed by conversion to kilometers to form a more accurate distance matrix. The optimization model was built using the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) approach, which takes into account vehicle capacity constraints (a maximum of 560 cylinders per truck) and the limited number of available fleets, which is only one truck. The results show that coordinate conversion produces high accuracy in calculating distances between distribution locations. By using Excel Solver, the optimization solution successfully minimizes the total distance traveled compared to the conventional route, where distribution is carried out more evenly to 57 scattered LPG base locations. The addition of Solver Parameters Evolutionary and All Different constraints proved effective in avoiding duplication of visits and producing optimal distribution routes. This solution not only improves distribution time and cost efficiency, but also improves service to customers by reducing delivery delays. The success of this optimization model is expected to be implemented by other distribution companies to improve their operational performance. This study also highlights the importance of selecting the right software to aid the distribution optimization process. Excel Solver, despite its simplicity, proved highly effective in solving complex distribution routing problems, especially when combined with coordinate conversion techniques that yield more accurate distances. Furthermore, the application of the CVRP method enabled more efficient decision-making in determining distribution routes, taking into account vehicle capacity and fleet limitations.

This study also highlights the importance of education and training for farmers to improve their technical skills in farming and managing their farms. Training in the use of modern agricultural technologies, such as automated fertilizing tools and efficient irrigation systems, can help farmers reduce production costs and increase yields. Furthermore, training in digital marketing can help farmers market their products more effectively through online platforms, reducing reliance on intermediaries and increasing profit margins. Furthermore, it is crucial for the government to provide support in the form of extension services and easy access to business capital. More accessible capital will enable farmers to invest in more efficient equipment and more environmentally friendly organic fertilizers. Targeted microcredit distribution to farmer groups can also accelerate the adoption of new, more productive agricultural technologies. The adoption of sustainable and environmentally friendly agricultural practices should be a long-term focus to ensure the registration of shallot farming businesses. Farmers need to be incentivized to use organic fertilizers and natural pesticides that are safer for the soil and air. Furthermore, the implementation of integrated and environmentally friendly farming systems such as agroforestry can also be an alternative to increase agricultural yields without damaging the environment. With improvements in education, training, access to capital, and the adoption of more efficient technology, shallot farming in Pasir Village can develop better and become more sustainable in the future. Furthermore, collaboration between farmer groups and local research institutions and universities can also be key to introducing new agricultural innovations.

This study is motivated by the downstream Teh Walini industry’s reliance on third-party logistics (3PL) services for product distribution, which restricts the company’s control over several key aspects, including logistics costs, delivery speed, routing efficiency, and product handling quality. The primary objective of this research is to analyze and compare distribution costs between outsourced logistics and self-managed delivery, and to evaluate the potential cost efficiency of an independently operated shipping system. A descriptive comparative quantitative method is employed, incorporating movement generation analysis, distribution spread mapping, and Vehicle Operating Cost (VOC) calculations to estimate the cost implications of self-shipping. Data were obtained through company documentation and analyzed using multiple linear regression involving six major distribution points. The results reveal that shipment volume significantly influences movement generation, with Waingapu, Makassar, and Padang identified as the dominant distribution destinations. The cost comparison analysis demonstrates that self-managed delivery is more cost-effective than third-party logistics services, making it a more viable long-term option. These findings suggest that transitioning to a self-delivery system could improve cost control and logistical efficiency for the company. However, this strategy should be implemented gradually, supported by regular updates on operational cost data and proactive management of external factors that could impact distribution performance. The study concludes by recommending broader coverage and the inclusion of additional relevant variables in future research to further validate and enhance decision-making related to distribution strategies. A well-informed shift toward internal logistics could ultimately contribute to greater competitiveness and sustainability in the company’s distribution operations

This study aims to analyze and improve the quality control of packaging printing production at PT XYZ by applying the Lean Six Sigma methodology. Lean Six Sigma combines waste reduction principles with statistical quality control to achieve operational excellence. The research identifies major production challenges, including high defect rates, overproduction, and ineffective inventory management, all of which contribute to increased costs and reduced efficiency. The DMAIC framework—Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control—was employed to systematically address these issues. During the Define and Measure phases, types of waste were identified and defect rates were calculated using Defects Per Million Opportunities (DPMO). In the Analyze phase, root causes were examined using a Fishbone (Ishikawa) diagram, highlighting factors related to manpower, materials, machines, and methods. The analysis revealed a sigma level of 3.2, indicating a moderate level of process quality and substantial room for improvement. To address the identified issues, several improvement strategies were proposed. These include implementing a Just-In-Time (JIT) system to reduce inventory waste, adopting the First-In-First-Out (FIFO) inventory method for better material rotation, and conducting targeted technical training for operators to minimize human error. In the Control phase, the study suggests process standardization, routine inspections, and continuous monitoring as key practices to ensure that improvements are sustained over time. The findings and recommendations from this study are expected to contribute to better quality control, reduced operational waste, and enhanced productivity in the packaging printing process. Ultimately, this approach aims to strengthen PT XYZ’s competitiveness in the printing industry by fostering a culture of continuous improvement and quality excellence.

UMKM Tahu XYZ, a small-scale tofu producer, is currently facing significant challenges in maintaining consistent product quality, primarily due to a high defect rate. Common issues identified include crumbled tofu shapes, overly soft textures, and inconsistent taste, which negatively impact customer satisfaction and business sustainability. This study aims to investigate the root causes of these quality issues and propose practical solutions using the Lean Six Sigma methodology. The research employs a descriptive quantitative approach through the DMAIC framework—Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control—to ensure systematic problem-solving. Data were collected over a six-month period through direct observation, structured interviews, and review of production records. The analysis identified four dominant types of waste within the production process: unnecessary transportation, product defects, excessive movement, and over-processing. The root causes of these inefficiencies are linked to poor handling of raw materials, variability in soybean quality, and an ineffective production layout that hampers workflow and consistency. To address these problems, the study proposes several targeted interventions, including the redesign of the production layout to optimize flow, the implementation of the 5S (Sort, Set in order, Shine, Standardize, Sustain) workplace organization method, the development of standardized operating procedures (SOPs), and the adoption of improved soybean boiling technology. The implementation of these improvements is projected to significantly reduce product defects, enhance process efficiency, and ultimately increase customer satisfaction. Furthermore, these actions are expected to improve the overall competitiveness of UMKM Tahu XYZ within the highly demanding food industry sector. This research provides actionable insights for other micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) seeking to apply structured quality control methods to strengthen operational performance and long-term business resilience.

Mail management in higher education institutions, particularly at the Nurul Fikri Integrated Technology College (STT), is still carried out manually or conventionally. This process involves physically recording and distributing letters, which in practice often creates various obstacles. Some common obstacles include the long time required to manage letters, the risk of document loss or damage, and the high possibility of errors in letter numbering. Furthermore, the document validation process is also less effective due to the lack of a system that supports electronic signatures or digital verification of document authenticity. Based on these conditions, this study aims to design and develop a digital system that can help manage letters more efficiently and securely. This system is designed not only to speed up the administrative flow of correspondence but also to simplify the document validation process through the application of digital technology. Thus, this system is expected to reduce administrative errors, increase work efficiency, and ensure the security and validity of official documents. The method used in this study is Design Thinking, which consists of five main stages: empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and test. This approach enabled researchers to deeply understand user needs, explore various alternative solutions, and create an intuitive and user-friendly interface design for all parties involved in the administrative process. The research results showed that the designed system can accelerate the administration process for official letters and documents. The embedded superior features include digital validation and electronic signatures integrated with QR Code technology, thus providing a higher level of transparency and security in document management within the university environment.

Floods are one of the most common natural disasters and have a significant impact on the social, economic, and environmental aspects of society. This is particularly evident in the community of East Sorong District. East Sorong District is one of the areas frequently affected by floods, and this inevitably leads to numerous risks and consequences. There are several causes of flooding in the Sorong Timur District, including extreme rainfall, inadequate drainage systems due to trash blockages, uncontrolled land use changes resulting in overpopulation, and the loss of forest areas or green spaces that could function as water absorption zones. Additionally, the lack of flood control systems and weak oversight of development in flood-prone areas can exacerbate flood disaster risks. This study aims to analyze and measure the resilience of the Sorong Timur District in facing flood disasters through an evaluation approach focusing on infrastructure, service facilities, socio-economic factors, community capacity and preparedness, and institutional aspects. It was concluded that the infrastructure variable is still moderate, while the socio-economic variable, basic capacity, and community preparedness, as well as institutional capacity, are still low. Meanwhile, service facilities are also low. Overall, it can be concluded that the resilience of the Sorong Timur district in facing hydrometeorological disasters is weak.