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This study aims to identify the application and violation of the principles of politeness according to Geoffrey Leech in the village government WhatsApp group communication. The phenomenon of language use in institutional digital communication often ignores the elements of politeness, even though communication is carried out in a professional context. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study method. The data studied are in the form of speech or written messages sent by members of the Bendung Village Government WhatsApp group, Jetis District, Mojokerto Regency. Data collection techniques are carried out through reading and note-taking techniques, while data analysis is carried out using interactive analysis techniques including data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show the application of the six maxims in communication in the village government WhatsApp Group based on Geoffrey Leech's principles of politeness, between the maxim of agreement, the maxim of wisdom, the maxim of praise, the maxim of generosity, the maxim of sympathy, and the maxim of humility appearing in forms of communication. This application shows that digital media does not eliminate the values of politeness, but rather becomes an adaptation of a more flexible but ethical communication strategy. Furthermore, micro-frequencies of violations of the maxim of agreement, the maxim of wisdom and the maxim of sympathy were also found in the context of conveying sensitive, technical or administrative information. This study emphasizes the importance of awareness of polite language in official digital communication, especially in the village bureaucratic environment.

This study aims to develop and test the feasibility of Smart Clock learning media as an aid in learning mathematics on time material in grade 2 of SD NU Tanwirul Qulub. The media is designed as a three-dimensional analog clock that can be adjusted by students to facilitate understanding of the concept of time units in a concrete and fun way. This study applies the ADDIE development model, which includes the stages of analysis, design, and development. The validation process was carried out by material experts and media experts, each carried out twice. The validation results showed an increase in scores from 60% to 90% in material validation, and from 92% to 96% in media validation, indicating that the media is included in the "very valid" category. A limited trial was conducted involving eight grade 2 students, and the results showed that 87.5% of students responded positively to the application of this media in learning. Smart Clock media has proven effective in improving students' understanding of reading time and creating an active and interactive learning atmosphere. Therefore, this media is recognized as suitable for use as an alternative in learning mathematics for time material in lower grades of elementary school.

This study examines ethical issues in paid endorsement practices on social media targeting Generation Z in the digital era. Using a literature review approach, the article compiles and analyzes 15 relevant national and international sources to identify the ethical values expected by Gen Z in consuming digital advertisements. The findings show that transparency, authenticity, and credibility are the main principles that influencers and brands must uphold for their marketing communication to be positively received by younger audiences. Moreover, there is an urgent need to establish stronger regulations and enhance media literacy education to empower Gen Z in critically evaluating covert commercial content. These findings hold significant implications for policymakers, communication industry practitioners, and scholars in shaping ethical and sustainable digital advertising practices.

This study aims to analyze the influence of price, food quality, halal certification, and brand image on the purchase intention of Almaz Fried Chicken among university students in Jakarta. A quantitative approach was employed using a survey method, with multiple linear regression analysis as the primary analytical technique. The population consisted of active university students in Jakarta, and a sample of 108 respondents was selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire based on a 6-point Likert scale. The results indicate that price, food quality, halal certification, and brand image each have a positive and significant effect on purchase intention. Simultaneously, these four variables also significantly influence students’ purchase intention toward Almaz Fried Chicken Condet. These findings highlight the potential for local brands to compete in the fast food market through effective management of pricing, product quality, halal assurance, and brand perception.

The insurance penetration rate in Indonesia remains relatively low, despite the important roles of both conventional and sharia insurance in mitigating unexpected financial risks. As a Muslim-majority country, consumer preferences for insurance models aligned with personal values represent a crucial concern, yet are still rarely explored using actual behavioral data. This study aims to examine the influence of Google search trends on consumer preferences in choosing between sharia and conventional insurance in Indonesia. The research applies binary logistic regression using a combination of primary data (questionnaire) and secondary data (Google Trends). Respondents were purposively selected based on stable economic status and prior experience in searching for insurance information. The results reveal that search trends significantly influence preferences for sharia insurance, but not for conventional insurance. Furthermore, religiosity and its interaction with search trends also significantly affect preferences for both insurance models. These findings contribute to big data-based consumer research and offer strategic implications for academics, industry stakeholders, and regulators in enhancing insurance literacy and participation in Indonesia..  

Industri farmasi menghasilkan limbah cair dan padat yang mengandung senyawa aktif seperti antibiotik, hormon, NSAID, logam berat, dan pelarut organik yang tergolong limbah B3 dan berpotensi mencemari lingkungan serta membahayakan kesehatan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dan membandingkan efektivitas metode pengolahan limbah farmasi di Indonesia dan luar negeri, meliputi pendekatan fisik, kimia, biologi, hingga insinerasi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi metode Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP) dengan sistem biologi seperti reaktor anaerob-aerob memberikan efisiensi lebih tinggi dalam menurunkan kadar Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) dan senyawa farmasi aktif yang resisten terhadap degradasi. Di Indonesia, pengelolaan limbah masih terfokus pada IPAL konvensional dengan keterbatasan infrastruktur dan SDM, berbeda dengan negara maju seperti Jerman dan Swiss yang telah menerapkan sistem audit risiko berkala, teknologi pengolahan mutakhir, dan harmonisasi standar. Oleh karena itu, Indonesia perlu mengintegrasikan teknologi pengolahan lanjutan, memperkuat regulasi, serta meningkatkan kapasitas pengelolaan untuk memastikan pengolahan limbah farmasi yang aman, efisien, dan berkelanjutan.

Wasiat Wajibah is a form of legally mandated bequest granted to specific heirs who, according to Islamic law, do not receive a share of the inheritance or receive an insufficient portion. This concept originally developed in Islamic jurisprudence as a solution for promoting social justice, particularly for grandchildren whose parent (the decedent’s child) had passed away before the testator. The transformation of this concept into Indonesia’s national legal system represents a response by the legal framework to the demand for substantive justice in the context of family and inheritance matters. This study aims to examine the concept of wasiat wajibah in Islamic law, its application within Indonesia’s positive law—particularly as regulated in the Compilation of Islamic Law (Kompilasi Hukum Islam/KHI)—and its transformation into national law. The research employs a normative juridical method, with analysis based on primary legal sources, namely the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), especially Articles 171–214 which regulate Islamic inheritance law, and Article 209 which specifically addresses wasiat wajibah. In addition, Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage serves as the legal framework for family law within the national legal system. The findings indicate that wasiat wajibah is a legal innovation inspired by the principles of justice and protection for relatives whose inheritance rights are otherwise excluded. Article 209 of the KHI explains that there is no inheritance relationship between adopted children and adoptive parents; however, a legal breakthrough exists in the form of wasiat wajibah, which governs such relationships. The transformation of wasiat wajibah into the national legal system is carried out through legislation, judicial practice, and is supported by a legal culture that is increasingly responsive to social justice and the realities of contemporary Muslim families.

This study discusses the practice of inheritance distribution before the parents' death among the Muslim community in Medan Tembung District. This phenomenon reflects the dynamic interplay between Islamic law, customary law, and social practices in the division of inheritance. According to Islamic law, inheritance can only be distributed after the death of the testator. However, in Medan Tembung, early distribution is often carried out to avoid conflicts among heirs. This research uses a socio-legal approach with an empirical method based on field observations. The findings show that the community applies three inheritance systems: individual, matrilineal, and parental/bilateral. The distribution is conducted through hibah (grants) or wasiat (wills), typically documented in a written statement and often legalized by local community leaders or notaries. Cultural factors, education levels, and legal awareness significantly influence the variation in distribution systems. Most families still distinguish between the inheritance shares of sons and daughters, with sons typically receiving a larger portion. Community leaders play a vital role in mediating disputes, and if consensus is not reached, legal channels are pursued. These findings highlight the importance of legal education and the need for synergy among religious law, customary practices, and state law to ensure fairness in inheritance distribution.

This study aims to examine the opportunities, challenges, and strategies for integrating technology into the learning process. The research is based on the reality that digital technology has significantly transformed the educational landscape. The study employed a literature review and content analysis method using a qualitative approach. Data were collected from various secondary sources such as academic journals, research reports, and relevant literature. The findings indicate that integrating technology into learning offers several opportunities, including improved access to information, support for independent and collaborative learning, and enhanced efficiency in assessment. However, there are notable challenges, including digital inequality, limited infrastructure, and low digital literacy among educators. Therefore, effective strategies such as teacher training, infrastructure reinforcement, the adoption of flexible learning models, and continuous evaluation must be implemented to optimize technology use in education. In conclusion, well-planned and inclusive technology integration has the potential to significantly improve the quality of education.

The authority and role of security guards assist the Police in carrying out security duties in a limited manner. The results of the study show that security guards in carrying out security responsibilities as a partner of the Police in dealing with and limited public order in the city of Kupang such as arresting the perpetrators of iron theft at PT Semen Kupang, Helmet Theft at the Kupang Polytechnic Campus, computer theft at the UKAW Kupang Campus and Oesapa Procurement Office Motorcycle Theft. Obstacles in carrying out duties and authorities as security guards include the authority of security guards which are limited by the law and inadequate facilities and infrastructure. Conclusion on the research Based on the provisions of Law number 2 of 2002 concerning the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia, it gives limited authority 'to security guard members to carry out security in the company environment acting Pre-emptive (fostering, directing), preventive (preventing, counteracting) and as limited law enforcement officers to assist the role of the functions of the National Police in a Repressive, Non-Judicial manner (acting, arresting, handcuffing, conducting initial interrogation) and in carrying out their duties and responsibilities the security guard experiences several obstacles such as the authority of the security guard which is limited by the law when he is in a position to face the perpetrator of the crime of theft who holds a weapon while the security guard officer is not armed because his authority is not like a member of the Police, but if the security guard officer resists it will be suspected that he has committed an unlawful act because of his limited authority and the law and the Facilities and Inadequate infrastructure.

Traditional Cultural Expressions (TREs) are an important part of national identity and intangible cultural heritage that live in indigenous communities in Indonesia. In the midst of globalization and increasing cultural claims by other countries, the urgency of legal protection for TREs is becoming increasingly relevant and strategic. This article aims to examine the effectiveness of legal protection for TREs in Indonesia and to formulate strategies for strengthening protection at the national and international levels. This study uses a juridical-normative approach with literature study techniques and qualitative analysis of laws and regulations, international conventions, and case studies such as Reog Ponorogo and batik. The results of the study indicate that existing legal protection is still limited and has not been able to answer the complexity of cultural claim problems. Harmonization of national law with international standards and collaboration between parties are needed to strengthen Indonesia's legal position in protecting TREs. This study contributes to the development of more responsive and sustainable cultural policies.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the R1N1 Program as an innovative strategy to improve access and the effectiveness of healthcare services in Surabaya through the integration of healthcare personnel and ambulance facilities in each subdistrict. The program is measured using Everett Rogers' Diffusion of Innovation theory with five main indicators: Relative Advantage, Compatibility, Complexity, Trialability, and Observability. The research method used in this study is a qualitative approach, with data collection through in-depth interviews with various stakeholders, such as medical personnel, government officials, and the community. The results show that the R1N1 Program has successfully had a positive impact on improving healthcare access, with an observability rate of 90% and a relative success rate of 80%. The community has directly experienced the benefits of this program, particularly in reducing medical service waiting times. However, challenges remain related to coordination between medical staff and ambulances, as well as the limited understanding of the community regarding operational procedures. In conclusion, while the R1N1 Program has shown significant success, improvements are needed in coordination, socialization, and more stable funding support to ensure the sustainability and expansion of this program throughout Surabaya.

Vocabulary is an important element in language acquisition. However, currently many students lack vocabulary knowledge and many teachers still have not implemented technology in learning. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of the Memrise application in teaching English vocabulary and the differences in students’ vocabulary mastery before and after treatment. The method used is quantitative with a pre-experimental design. Data were collected through pre-test and post-test on 35 students of class X-TSM 2 SMK Sore Tulungagung in the 2024/2025 academic year. The results showed that the average score increased from 66.14 to 86.71 after using the application. The paired t-test showed a t value of -11.031 with a significance of <0.001, which means there is a significant difference. Cohen's d effect size value of -1.865 and Hedges -1.844 showed a large effect. These results prove that the Memrise application is effective in improving students' vocabulary mastery. The implication is that application-based learning such as Memrise can be an interesting and useful alternative in the English learning process at the vocational school level

Teknologi yang berkembang saat ini sangat berpengaruh pada proses bisnis penjualan, sistem offline mulai ditinggalkan dan mulainya sistem baru yaitu penjualan secara online melalui media elektronik. Hal ini berdampak pada Persaingan usaha antar Perusahaan semakin tinggi oleh karena itu salah satu usaha penjualan produk pakaian kaos toko Alpis dimana masih menggunakan cara konvensional berusaha meningkatkan penjualan dengan menerapkan sistem baru yaitu penjualan secara online melalui website. Sistem penjualan ini menjadi cara dalam meningkatkan pemasaran dan penjualan. Dalam merancang website E-commerce ini peneliti menggunakan metode waterfall yang akan diterapkan dalam Rancang bangun sistem informasi e-commerce pada toko Alpis. Dalam penerapan nya Metode Waterfall terdiri dari beberapa tahap yaitu planing, analisis, design, dan implementation. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membantu perusahaan dalam meningkatkan penjualan dengan kemudahan pembayaran dengan midtrans dan mampu menjadikan sistem informasi di perusahaan menjadi lebih baik. Kata Kunci: e-commerce, sistem informasi, & waterfall.

This study is based on the results of initial observations that indicate a downward trend in the number of non-JKN outpatients. In January 2024, the achievement was only 415 of the target of 596 visits (69.6%), the achievement was again not in accordance with the target in September with 92.8%. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of psychological factors and social factors on patient decisions to visit with brand image as an intervening variable in outpatients at Hermina Hospital, Depok. This type of research is quantitative with a causality design. The population is outpatients at Hermina Hospital, Depok. The results of the distribution through questionnaires obtained 130 respondents according to the minimum sample set. The analysis technique used the three box method analysis and SEM-PLS. The results of the study showed that psychological factors, social factors, and brand image simultaneously had a significant effect on patients' visit decisions, with a contribution of 67.8%. Both psychological and social factors influenced brand image and patients' visit decisions. Brand image also had an effect on patients' visit decisions. Among the three variables, brand image was the most dominant in increasing patients' visit decisions.

Background: Incomplete electronic medical record filling by doctors can hinder effective action or treatment by other health workers. This non-compliance problem includes incomplete filling and writing of less specific diagnoses, which can potentially lead to errors in nursing action planning. Purposes: This study aims to test the influence of management commitment and team orientation on compliance in filling electronic medical records with competence as an intervening variable in the inpatient installation of Hermina Hospital, Depok. Methods: This research method is quantitative with a cross-sectional study design. The population is doctors at Hermina Hospital Depok who work in the inpatient installation totaling 133 people. The results of the sample calculation obtained 100 respondents. The data collection technique used a questionnaire, and the analysis method used SEM-PLS. Result: The results of the study showed that management commitment, team orientation, and doctor competence had a simultaneous effect on compliance in filling electronic medical records at Hermina Hospital, Depok. Management commitment and team orientation had a significant effect on doctor competence, which in turn also had a direct effect on compliance in filling out medical records. In addition, doctor competence mediated the relationship between management commitment and team orientation on compliance. Improving doctor competence is the main key to ensuring compliance. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study confirms that to improve compliance in filling electronic medical records at Hermina Hospital, Depok, attention is needed to management commitment and team orientation. Improving doctor competence is the main key in ensuring compliance, with competence functioning as a mediator between management commitment and team orientation towards compliance.

Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) insertion is an important part of airway management during general anesthesia. Two commonly used techniques are deflated cuff and partially inflated cuff. Choosing the right technique can increase the success rate of insertion and reduce complications such as air leaks or tissue trauma. This study aims to determine the difference in the success rate of laryngeal mask airway inserstion between deflated and partially inflated cuff techniques in adult patients at PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital. This study employed a quantitative method with a quasi-experimental design with a two group posttest only design. The sample consisted of 40 patients; and divided into two groups. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. The results showed that the partially inflated cuff technique had a higher success rate (75%) than the deflated cuff technique (25%). The statistical test showed a significant difference with a p value <0,05. There was a significant difference in the success of LMA insertion between the two techniques. The partially inflated cuff technique is more recommended to increase the effectiveness and safety of the procedure.

Digital outpatient services are an important alternative in providing fast, efficient, and affordable health services, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. However, this system change requires an active role from Health Care Administrators in designing strategies that can maintain and improve patient satisfaction. This article aims to analyze how the role of health administrators in developing technology-based quality management strategies to optimize patient experience in digital services. This study uses a qualitative approach with literature studies and analysis of digital outpatient service policies. The results of the study indicate that the success of increasing the patient satisfaction index depends on the administrator's ability to design effective digital communication strategies, virtual queue management, digital HR training, and strengthening online feedback systems. The involvement of administrators in strategic decision-making also makes a major contribution to improving service quality. The main recommendation of this study is the need to strengthen the capacity of health administrators in aspects of information technology, digital risk management, and patient engagement. With this strategic role, health administrators are at the forefront of the transformation of digital health services in the future.

This study evaluated the antibacterial activity of a combination of microbial compounds from apple cider vinegar (ACV) and keji beling leaf extract against skin and wound pathogenic bacteria, namely Staphylococcus epidermidis (Gram-positive) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative). ACV is produced through apple fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Acetobacter aceti, rich in acetic acid, probiotics, and proteolytic enzymes. Keji beling leaf extract is obtained through ethanol maceration and contains flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, and phytosterols—all of which have been shown to be antibacterial and antioxidant. The well diffusion method was used, with four treatments: negative control (DMSO), positive control (chloramphenicol 30µg), keji beling extract, and a combination of ACV + extract in various ratios. The results showed the largest inhibition zone in the 1:1 combination of ACV:extract, respectively 21.2±0.5mm (S. epidermidis) and 18.5±0.6mm (P. aeruginosa), much larger than the extract alone. This finding indicates significant synergism (p<0.05) between ACV and keji beling extract in stopping bacterial growth.

This study aims to explore the implementation of occupational safety and health (OHS) in the hotel industry in Indonesia, which currently still faces various challenges. Although the hotel industry has grown rapidly, the implementation of OHS in hotels is still not optimal. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. This study was conducted with 5 informants, the type of data used in this study is primary data, namely data obtained from interviews, observations and documentation. Data collection techniques in this study are interviews, observations and documentation. The research instrument used in the study was the researcher himself. Data application is carried out by data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of OHS in the housekeeping department employees of the Grand Rocky Hotel Bukittinggi still needs direction on the use of personal protective equipment, it is expected that employees comply with the use of personal protective equipment such as safety shoes and masks, on the security of the work space, employees are expected to maintain the cleanliness of the work area and tidy it up, arrange all items so as not to interfere with work.