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This study aims to determine the effect of asset structure, sales growth, and firm size on capital structure at PT Martina Berto Tbk during the period 2014–2023. The data used in this research is secondary data, namely the financial statements of PT Martina Berto Tbk over the past ten years, obtained from the company's official website (www.martinaberto.co.id), in the form of balance sheets and income statements. The analytical methods used include classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis testing, conducted using SPSS version 20. The results show that asset structure, sales growth, and firm size each have a significant partial effect on capital structure. Furthermore, asset structure, sales growth, and firm size simultaneously have a significant effect on the capital structure of PT Martina Berto Tbk..

PT Unilever Indonesia’s strategic application is examined through the Balanced Scorecard framework, focusing on four key perspectives: financial, customer, internal business processes, and learning and growth. The analysis reveals that while the company demonstrates strong financial performance, such as high ROI and ROE, challenges like declining annual profits and increasing liabilities signal the need for improved cost management and risk mitigation. Unilever's strategy emphasizes innovation and customer relationships, leveraging Total Quality Management (TQM) and continuous product enhancements. However, internal issues such as employee work culture, inadequate facilities, and employee satisfaction remain significant obstacles to organizational performance. The findings suggest a need for stronger employee engagement and workplace improvements, alongside enhanced financial sustainability strategies. Future research could explore how external factors, such as shifting market trends and government regulations, influence Unilever’s strategic decisions and overall success.

This study aims to determine the influence of work discipline, workload, and work environment on employee performance at the Mranggen village office.The method used in this study is a quantitative approach. The population in this research consists of employees working at the Mranggen village office, with a sample of 40 respondents selected using Saturation Sampling  technique. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis.The results of the study show that, based on the t-test and F-test, work discipline and work environment have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Meanwhile, workload has a negative and significant effect on employee performance. Furthermore, work discipline, workload, and work environment simultaneously have a significant effect on employee performance.This study supports various theories that highlight the significant role of work discipline and work environment in shaping employee performance. The implication of this research is expected to contribute to the improvement of employee performance.

This study aims to evaluate business development strategies by applying the SWOT analysis method (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) as a tool in the strategic planning process. The method used is a literature review, in which data were obtained by examining various academic sources such as books, journals, and relevant research reports. The findings of this review indicate that SWOT analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of a business's internal and external conditions. By leveraging strengths and opportunities while identifying weaknesses and threats, business actors—especially MSMEs—can design more focused and realistic strategies, such as SO, WO, ST, and WT strategies. SWOT analysis is not only theoretical but has also proven effective in various business development contexts. Therefore, the application of this method is highly recommended as a foundation for formulating sustainable business development policies and directions.

The rapid development of information technology has an impact on the development of financial services with the presence of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Lending Financial Technology. The presence of P2P Lending has created its own legal complexities in relation to the legal relationship between lender and borrower and risk mitigation efforts, especially the risk of default without specific collateral. This research aims to analysis the legal relationship between Lender and Borrower and the legal protection for Lender in the event of default risks in the implementation of P2P Lending in Indonesia using a normative legal approach. The results of the research indicate that the legal relationship between lender and borrower is a general loan agreement involving a P2P lending platform as an intermediary between lender and borrower. POJK No. 10/POJK.05/2022 plays an important role as a regulation that ensures risk mitigation in the implementation of P2P lending, including the obligation of operators to transfer funding risks to third parties, which has been implemented by PT Amartha Mikro Fintek in collaboration with PT Jaminan Kredit Indonesia (Persero) to provide guarantee facilities for P2P Lending services to ensure legal protection for Lenders.

Women's political involvement is an important aspect in promoting equitable social change, but unfortunately, political involvement in Indonesia is still relatively low due to a patriarchal culture and a lack of political party support. This study aims to analyze the forms of political involvement carried out by 'Aisyiyah in promoting social advocacy. The main focus of this study includes strategies, actors, and political participation spaces used by 'Aisyiyah in fighting for the interests of society, especially vulnerable groups. This research method uses a qualitative approach through a literature review of various relevant journals, reports, and articles. The data analysis technique in this study uses coding the results of the article review analysis, then grouped based on research variables and continued with drawing conclusions based on the data analysis variables used. The research findings show that 'Aisyiyah is actively involved in social advocacy through formal and informal political channels, and utilizes the power of organizational networks and religious values to strengthen its influence. 'Aisyiyah's political participation not only reflects women's collective awareness but also serves as an instrument in shaping social policies that are responsive to community needs. This study is expected to contribute to broadening understanding of the strategic role of women's organizations in the political and social arena.

This study aims to determine the effect of Islamic branding and Islamic service quality on customer loyalty at PT Bank Muamalat Indonesia, Tbk, Medan Balai Kota Branch, with customer satisfaction as an intervening variable. This is a quantitative study. Data collection used a questionnaire with a sample size of 100 respondents using a random sampling technique. The obtained data were then processed using SPSS 25. Instrument tests used included validity and reliability tests. The classical assumption tests used included normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity. Hypothesis testing used t-tests, f-tests, and coefficient of determination tests. Data analysis used path analysis. The results of the first t-test indicate that Islamic branding, Islamic service quality, and customer satisfaction have a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty. The results of the second t-test indicate that Islamic branding and Islamic service quality have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction can mediate the relationship between Islamic branding and service quality.

The proposed research will focus on defining the effects of the strategic audit aspects instrengthening the institutional performance of the Iraqi General Cement Company. The research targetedfour important dimensions that are strategic position of the institution, the internal environment, theexternal environment, and the stakeholder, and how these dimensions would be associated with variousdimensions of performance such as learning and growth, internal operations and customer satisfaction,financial performance, and environmental performance. The research methodology employed adescriptive and analytical approach, utilizing statistical methods such as SPSS V.25 and AMOS V.23 totest the study's hypotheses. The findings indicated that both the external environment and the involvementof the stakeholders had the most significant positive impacts on both the financial and the environmentalperformance of the company, whereas the internal environment was found to have solid effects oninternal activities and on customer satisfaction. The average effect on learning and development was alsorecorded on the strategic position. The findings of the study indicated that as a way of sustaininginstitutional performance, a combined consideration of strategic alignment, overall institutional processadvancement and the partnership with stakeholders should be implemented.

The rapid growth of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Tabanan Regency has been driven by economic development, digitalization, and changes in consumer behavior following the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the continuous increase in the number of MSMEs each year, business owners face significant challenges, such as limited adoption of digital technologies, increasing market competition, and restricted access to working capital. This study aims to analyze the effect of QRIS usage, e-commerce, and capital on MSME income both simultaneously and partially in Tabanan Regency. A quantitative method was employed using multiple linear regression analysis. The sample was determined using a non-probability sampling method with an accidental sampling approach. The results show that QRIS, e-commerce, and capital simultaneously have a significant effect on MSME income in Tabanan Regency. Partially, QRIS usage and capital have a positive and significant effect on income, while e-commerce does not have a significant partial effect. This indicates that although e-commerce can expand market reach, intense competition and limited technological literacy among the local population hinder its impact on MSME income in the region.

The profitability of Village Credit Institutions (LPDs) is influenced by their ability to collect and manage Third-Party Funds (TPF) optimally. However, economic dynamics such as market risk and inflation may weaken the effect of TPF on profitability. This study aims to examine the effect of Third-Party Funds on profitability with market risk and inflation as moderating variables. The research was conducted on LPDs operating in Denpasar City during the 2021–2023 period using 92 financial report observations obtained through purposive sampling. Profitability is measured using Return on Assets (ROA), market risk is proxied by the Net Interest Margin (NIM), and inflation is proxied by the Consumer Price Index (CPI). This study employs a quantitative approach using the Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) technique. The results show that Third-Party Funds have a positive and significant effect on profitability. Market risk significantly weakens the relationship between Third-Party Funds and profitability, while inflation is not proven to be a moderating variable in this relationship.

Firm value is a crucial indicator that provides information to investors for making investment decisions. Today, investors also consider a company’s commitment to environmental issues, especially in the energy sector, which significantly contributes to carbon emissions. This study aims to empirically examine the effect of carbon emission disclosure and green investment on firm value. The theoretical framework employed includes signaling theory and legitimacy theory. Firm value is measured using the Tobin’s Q ratio. Carbon emission disclosure is measured through content analysis based on the GRI 305 standards, while green investment is measured using the PROPER rating issued by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. This study also includes three control variables: firm size, leverage, and profitability. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression, with secondary quantitative data collected from companies’ annual reports and sustainability reports. The sample consists of 69 companies with a total of 271 observations. The findings reveal that carbon emission disclosure has a positive effect on firm value, while green investment does not have a significant effect on firm value. This research is expected to contribute to the development of signaling and legitimacy theories and serve as a practical reference for investors in considering environmental aspects when making investment decisions.

This study aims to analyze the impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, on the Indonesian capital market, particularly on the stocks listed in the LQ45 index, as well as on exchange rates and cryptocurrency trading volumes. The research employs a quantitative approach using an event study method, focusing on a 15-day observation window—comprising 7 days before, the day of, and 7 days after the invasion event. The variables analyzed include abnormal return (AR), trading volume activity (TVA), exchange rates, and cryptocurrency transaction volume. The research sample consists of issuers listed in the LQ45 index and the three largest cryptocurrencies by market capitalization—Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Tether (USDT)—selected through purposive sampling. The findings indicate that the Russian invasion of Ukraine had a significant impact on abnormal returns and trading volume activity of LQ45 stocks, as well as on exchange rates and cryptocurrency trading volumes. This geopolitical event emerged as an external factor contributing to market uncertainty, prompting investors to adjust their investment strategies in both stock markets and digital assets. These findings confirm that global conflicts are closely linked to the dynamics of domestic financial markets.

This study explores how policewomen (Polwan) at the East Sumba Police Resort (Polres Sumba Timur) manage dual roles—as law enforcers in the public sphere and as wives and mothers within the domestic sphere. A qualitative method was employed, using data collection techniques such as field observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. The findings reveal that Polwan are capable of balancing their professional and familial responsibilities, despite facing challenges such as demanding work schedules, psychological stress, and limited institutional support. To overcome these obstacles, they adopt strategies such as effective time management, maintaining open communication with family members, and seeking moral support from colleagues. Overall, the study shows that policewomen possess strong adaptive capabilities in fulfilling their dual roles and contribute positively to the advancement of women's roles in public institutions. These findings are expected to inform the development of more inclusive and gender-responsive policies within the police force.

This study examines the regional impact of Nanjing's urban rail network accessibility on residential property purchase intention, highlighting the interplay between transportation infrastructure and real estate dynamics. As urban rail networks enhance connectivity, they are expected to influence buyer behavior and property values. The research explores how factors such as environmental quality, market conditions, and psychological influences shape purchase intentions among potential buyers. By analyzing data from various neighborhoods affected by the urban rail system, the findings reveal a significant positive correlation between accessibility and property purchase intention, with buyers increasingly valuing sustainable living environments. This study contributes to the understanding of the role of transportation infrastructure in urban development and its impact on residential real estate markets, drawing on insights gathered from a sample of 390 participants in the Nanjing area.

The role of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) is very significant for the growth of Indonesia’s economy, accounting for 99% of all business units. The development of MSMEs in Blitar Regency has experienced significant growth in terms of both the number of entrepreneurs and revenue. The objectives of this research are (1) to identify and analyze the potential of the creative economy in the development of MSMEs in Blitar Regency, (2) to formulate appropriate strategies to enhance the competitiveness and growth of MSMEs in the creative economy sector in Blitar Regency. The approach used in this research is a phenomenological qualitative approach. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation and structured interviews conducted with key informants of this study, such as MSMEs actors, local government officials from the Department of Industry and Trade, and the Cooperative Office. The data analysis technique was conducted using data triangulation with the following steps: data collection, data analysis, conclusion, and data validation. The research results show that the creative economy model used by the local government in developing MSMEs in Blitar Regency includes the utilization of ideas and creativity, strengthening MSMEs through digitalization, business mentoring, development of superior products, and connection with the people's economy. The challenges in the development of MSMEs include increasingly tight market competition both online and offline; limited access to capital; limited access to digital technology; lack of understanding of business management; limited product innovation; ineffective marketing; and business legality. The strategies implemented include enhancing digital marketing, improving product and service quality, strengthening business capital, increasing capacity and skills, utilizing technology, promoting and marketing products, and strengthening institutions and governance.

Stock price fluctuations, particularly in the energy sector, reflect market uncertainty regarding corporate performance and sustainability commitments. A high stock price indicates strong firm value. This study aims to provide empirical evidence on the influence of environmental performance and carbon emission disclosure on firm value, with profitability as a mediating variable. The study was conducted on energy sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2021–2023. The sample was selected using purposive sampling, resulting in 165 observations. Path analysis and Sobel test were employed. The results indicate that both financial and non-financial disclosures by companies can serve as either positive or negative signals influencing investor perceptions in decision-making. This supports signaling theory, which emphasizes the importance of information transparency to reduce information asymmetry and build market trust. Thus, companies, especially in the energy sector, must improve the quality and reliability of their disclosures by preparing transparent, accurate, and standard-compliant reports to strengthen their public image and increase firm value.

This research aims to examine how taxpayer knowledge, taxpayer awareness, and tax rates influence the tax compliance of restaurant taxpayers in Karanganyar Regency. The study uses a quantitative approach with data collected through structured questionnaires. A total of 85 respondents were selected using the simple random sampling method from restaurant taxpayers registered at the Regional Financial Agency of Karanganyar Regency. The results show that taxpayer knowledge and awareness both significantly affect tax compliance. In contrast, the tax rate variable does not show a significant effect. These findings indicate that the more knowledgeable and aware taxpayers are, the more likely they are to comply, regardless of the applicable tax rate.

The research aims to determine the effect of taxpayer awareness, tax knowledge and service quality on motor vehicle taxpayer compliance in Sukoharjo Regency (Case Study at Samsat Sukoharjo). This study uses a quantitative approach using primary data obtained from distributing questionnaires to respondents. Research indicators are arranged based on a Likert scale to measure the variables studied. The population in this study were motor vehicle taxpayers registered at the Regional Revenue Management Unit (UPPD) Samsat Sukoharjo Regency. Sampling was carried out using a simple random sampling technique with a sample size of 100 respondents. Consisting of 25 respondents who filled out the printed questionnaire directly and 75 respondents who filled out the questionnaire online via Google Form. The collected data were processed using IBM SPSS version 23 software using descriptive statistical analysis methods, validity tests, reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, F tests, t tests and coefficients of determination. The results showed that the variables of taxpayer awareness and tax knowledge had a positive and significant effect on motor vehicle taxpayer compliance in Sukoharjo Regency. Meanwhile, the service quality variable has a negative and significant effect on motor vehicle taxpayer compliance in Sukoharjo Regency.

This study aims to analyze the influence of billboard tax realization, potential, and effectiveness on the Regional Original Revenue (PAD) of Boyolali Regency during the 2020–2024 period. The research adopts a quantitative approach using secondary data, with a total of 20 observations. The dependent variable in this study is PAD, while the independent variables include billboard tax realization, potential, and effectiveness. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression. The findings indicate that the realization of billboard tax has a significant impact on PAD, while the effectiveness of billboard tax collection does not show a significant effect. This is evidenced by the t-test significance values, where the realization and potential variables have a significance level of 0.000 (< 0.05), while the effectiveness variable has a significance level of 0.408 (> 0.05). These results suggest that higher levels of tax realization and potential contribute positively to PAD. However, the effectiveness of tax collection alone does not necessarily lead to an increase in PAD, indicating a need for local government evaluation in optimizing tax collection efforts. Keywords: Billboard Tax Realization, Billboard Tax Potential, Billboard Tax Effectiveness, Regional Original Revenue (PAD). Keywords: Billboard Tax Realization, Billboard Tax Potential, Billboard Tax Effectiveness, Regional Original Revenue (PAD)

This study aims to analyze the influence of tax literacy knowledge, taxpayer awareness, and tax sanctions on hotel taxpayer compliance in Boyolali Regency. The research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 58 respondents who are hotel taxpayers in Boyolali Regency. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that tax literacy knowledge has a positive influence on taxpayer compliance with a significance value of 0.001. Taxpayer awareness also has a positive influence on taxpayer compliance with a significance value of 0.000. Additionally, tax sanctions have a positive influence on taxpayer compliance with a significance value of 0.006. Based on these results, it can be concluded that all three independent variables significantly affect the level of hotel taxpayer compliance in Boyolali Regency.