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Nausea and vomiting are common discomforts experienced by 50% of pregnant women in the first trimester. One of the implementations to reduce nausea and vomiting with non-pharmacological therapy is the provision of lavender aromatherapy. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was an effect of giving Lavender aromatherapy on nausea and vomiting in pregnant women in the first trimester at PMB Ronni Siregar Deli Serdang. The research method used was Quasi-experimental using nonequivalent control group design. The sampling technique used in this study was Total sampling based on Inclusion and Exclusion criteria, the number of samples was 30 respondents (15 intervention groups and 15 control groups). The results showed that the average value of respondents in the intervention group in the nausea and vomiting value before giving lavender aromatherapy was Mean 13.5 standard deviation 3.521. in the intervention group after being given treatment, a mean value of 10.6 was obtained with a standard division of 4.459. Based on the t-test, a p-value of 0.000 was obtained, which means it is smaller than the significant value <0.05. The conclusion of this study is that there is an Effect of Lavender Aromatherapy on Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnant Women in the First Trimester at PMB Ronni Siregar Deli Serdang. This study expects Midwives to provide health promotion and education, namely by improving their midwifery care, especially for Pregnant Women with nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, in addition to explaining the non-pharmacological benefits in reducing nausea and vomiting during pregnancy.

This study aims to analyze the influence of children's characteristics and volunteers’ learning communication styles on children's cultural literacy in Busa Pustaka. Using a quantitative approach and survey method, the study involved 50 child respondents. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results show that both children's characteristics and the volunteers' communication style significantly influence children's cultural literacy. Volunteers’ communication style was found to have a more dominant effect. These findings emphasize the need for culturally responsive teaching strategies that align with children's developmental characteristics to foster cultural understanding and appreciation.

This journal examines the factors that have the potential to cause delays in the implementation of the Dempsey Hill residential housing construction project, North Citraland, Surabaya. Projects managed by CV. Tirta Kusuma has a target of completion in 10 months, but there are indications of delays that affect the schedule and costs. This study aims to identify and analyze the dominant factors causing delays, such as project management, material procurement, and human resources. The methods used include observation, questionnaire distribution, and literature study. The results of this analysis are expected to provide recommendations to improve time management, resource efficiency, and control of future construction projects. The results of data analysis in this study indicate that project delays are primarily caused by material delays and errors in work execution, as concluded based on the results of factor analysis.

This study examines the application of engineering professionalism and ethical conduct in the construction of Building X, focusing on the quality of both substructure and superstructure works. The research was conducted through field observation, interviews with project stakeholders, and literature review, analyzed using a qualitative descriptive approach. Several issues were identified on site, including bore pile misalignment, waterlogging due to excess soil accumulation, poor concrete quality (honeycomb), and work delays caused by reinforcement order errors and subcontractor replacement. The assessment of professionalism and ethics refers to the 2021 Indonesian Code of Ethics for Engineers. The findings indicate that several aspects of professionalism, such as supervisory decisiveness, technical responsibility, and proactive communication, were applied appropriately. However, deviations were also observed, particularly in planning, quality control, and safety implementation. The study recommends improved coordination between supervisors and contractors, technical training for workers, and stronger enforcement of ethical compliance to enhance the overall quality of construction outcomes.

Suminagashi is a technique for decorating fabric or paper by dropping ink or paint onto the surface of water or a water-gelmixture, then placing the fabric or paper on the liquid so that the color is absorbed. The study aims to examine the effect of increasing water volume in acrilylic paint on the color quality of the suminagashi technique appiled too polyester scraves, specifially in terms of color sharpness and color absorption. Additionally, it investigates the variations in color outcomes across different water-to-point ratios. An experimental method was employed using three paint-to-water ratios 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3. Color quality was evaluated through observations by 30 respondents and analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis H test with SPSS version 30. The result indicate that the volume of water in the acrylic paint mixture significantly influences color quality. The 1:1 ratio produced the higest color sharpness, while the 1:3 ratio showed the best color absroption. Distinct color differences were observed among the scarves produced with each ratio.

This study aims to develop an accurate predictive model for identifying students at risk of academic dropout using Decision Tree and Random Forest algorithms. The research utilizes a publicly available dataset sourced from Kaggle, which includes academic and demographic features such as GPA, attendance, credit load, financial aid status, and exam scores. The methodology involves several stages: data collection, preprocessing (handling missing values, encoding categorical variables, and feature scaling), model training, and evaluation using performance metrics such as Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1-Score, and Confusion Matrix. Results show that the Random Forest algorithm outperforms Decision Tree in terms of accuracy and robustness, with notable feature importance on math, reading, and writing scores. The findings highlight the potential of machine learning in early detection of dropout risks and provide actionable insights for academic institutions to design timely interventions. This research contributes to the growing field of educational data mining and supports data-driven decision-making processes in higher education management.

This study presents an evaluation of the cooling load capacity in the departure apron corridor area at Supadio International Airport using the Cooling Load Temperature Difference (CLTD) method. The objective of the research is to assess whether the current air conditioning (AC) is adequate to meet thermal comfort requirements in a tropical climate characterized by high humidity and strong solar radiation. A detailed field survey was conducted at Gate 3, a glass-dominated corridor that experiences significant heat gain from solar exposure. Empirical data including temperature profiles, material properties, occupancy levels, and equipment specifications were collected over a two-week period using digital instruments. Using the CLTD method, the heat contributions from walls, roof, glass surfaces, occupants, lighting, and air infiltration were quantified. The results revealed that the installed AC (2 PK) only delivers about  of the required cooling load, with the total load estimated at 66,448 BTU/hr. The dominant sources of thermal gain include the roof and east-facing glass panels. The study recommends AC resizing, glass shading implementation, and improved insulation to enhance energy efficiency. This research contributes practical insights for HVAC optimization in airport infrastructure within hot-humid climates.

This study aims to analyze the performance and conduct reverse engineering of the Francis Turbine runner at the Tanggari 1 Hydroelectric Power Plant (PLTA Tanggari 1) through 3D scanning and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation. The main objective is to evaluate the turbine's efficiency and identify areas for improvement in the runner geometry. Data from the 3D scan are used to reconstruct a CAD model, which is then numerically tested to predict hydraulic performance. CFD simulations are carried out under various guide vane openings and head variations. The simulation results show a maximum efficiency of 93% at a head of 122.4 meters with a guide vane opening angle of 26° and a flow rate of 8.5 m³/s. The resulting performance curve and hill chart indicate the optimal operating point or Best Efficiency Point (BEP), which serves as a critical reference for turbine operation settings. Flow phenomena such as separation and vortex formation were detected under off-BEP operating conditions, potentially causing pressure fluctuations and vibrations. As a technical recommendation, it is advised to operate the turbine close to the BEP to minimize vibrations and energy losses. Furthermore, the runner geometry obtained from reverse engineering can serve as a basis for component refabrication and the development of new runner designs that are more adaptive to varying load conditions.

Flywheel is an important element in the motor starter system due to its ability to store relase kinetic energy during the rotation process. This study aims to evaluate the effect of rotation speed variation and flywheel geometry shape on the kinetic energy produced, assuming the flywheel mass is fixed. The analysis is conducted through theoretical approach and numerical simulation using the rotational kinetic energy equation, with I as the moment of inertia that depends on the geometry shape,and as the angular velocity and shape of  the flywheel. The results show that the geometry shape greatly affects the moment of inertia, and at the same angular velocity, the flywheel with larger moment of inertia is able to store more kinetic energy. The conclusion of this study provides recommendations in the selection of the optimal flywheel design to improve the efficiency of the motor starter system.

The development of construction materials is currently very rapid, including in the manufacture of fishing boats that still use wood. As an alternative, High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) plastic can replace wood because of its various advantages. The process of making fishing boats uses the plastic welding method, where the material is heated close to the melting temperature with a welding gun. The welding rod melts due to heat and is pressed continuously while the welding gun moves backward. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in the hot gas welding process on mechanical tests, especially bending tests on plastic welding joints. The two independent variables used are the hot gun temperature (250°C, 300°C, and 350°C) and the V bevel angle (60°, 75°, and 90°). The five controlled variables include the anvil temperature of 150°C, 3,2 mm thick HDPE plastic sheet, hot gas speed welding method, 5 mm diameter HDPE plastic additives, 7 liters/minute air flow rate, 1.2 mm/s welding speed, and 2 mm root gap. The research results are expected to obtain the maximum value of the bending test strength from the interaction of hot gun temperature variations and V-beam angles, as well as being a reference in making fishing boat bodies from HDPE using the hot gas welding method.

Engine overheating is a critical condition that can cause damage to internal components, reduce operational efficiency, and lead to overall system failure. The absence of an automatic protection system is one of the primary factors contributing to damage. This study aims to design and test a temperature sensor-based safety device that can automatically cut off the engine's working system when the temperature exceeds the safe limit. The method used is descriptive statistical analysis to evaluate the effect of independent variables (operational time duration and workload) on the dependent variable (coolant temperature). The system was tested through water heating simulation using an electric heater and controlled by an Arduino Nano microcontroller, a MAX6675 temperature sensor. Testing was carried out with variations in power load (150, 300, 450, 600, and 750 Watts) and operational duration (20, 40, and 60 minutes). Temperature data were collected and analyzed using ANOVA to determine the effect of load and time on temperature increase. The results showed that the temperature increased significantly with increasing power load, with temperatures approaching 100°C at loads ≥450 Watts in less than 20 minutes. The load variable shows a significant effect on temperature (p < 0.05), while the duration of time shows a nonlinear but not statistically significant upward trend. The safety device is proven to be able to automatically disconnect the system when the temperature reaches the specified maximum limit, thus effectively preventing engine damage due to overheating.

The rapid growth of motor vehicles, exceeding 169 million units in Indonesia by 2025, highlights the urgent need for energy-efficient and environmentally friendly transportation solutions, such as hybrid vehicles. Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motors are crucial components in these systems due to their high efficiency and compact design, particularly when directly integrated into wheels. This study specifically aims to analyze the impact of varying loads on the power consumption of a BLDC motor within a front-wheel-drive hybrid motorcycle prototype equipped with a Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) system. Experimental data was collected using a wattmeter on a prototype subjected to different passenger loads: 55 kg, 75 kg, and 100 kg, at constant speeds of 20 and 40 km/h. The findings consistently show that an increase in load significantly and positively correlates with higher power consumption of the BLDC motor. For instance, at 40 km/h, power consumption for a 100 kg load reached 729.578 Watt, whereas for a 55 kg load it was 649.605 Watt. This demonstrates that greater effort (power) is required from the motor to overcome the inertia and increased resistance associated with heavier loads. These results contribute to optimizing energy efficiency in hybrid vehicle design and underscore the importance of load management for sustainable transportation.

Automatic motorcycles are widely used due to their practicality and ease of operation. 

Motorcycles are two-wheeled vehicles that have a fairly high economic value compared to other vehicles in the general public. Motorcycles are formed from several constituent components such as the vehicle frame, engine, transmission, final gear, and wheels. One of them that will be discussed is the use of final gear. The purpose of this study is to determine the amount of torque produced from 3 variations of final gear 13Tx49T, 14Tx48T, 15Tx50T on the 2017 r15v3 motorcycle. From the data obtained, the maximum torque size at the final gear use size 13Tx49T = .... Nm at a speed of 8000 rpm. 14Tx48T = .... Nm at a speed of 8000 rpm. 15Tx50T = .... Nm at a speed of 8000 rpm. Meanwhile, the difference in torque ratio produced by the final gear (standard) size 14Tx48T with the size 15Tx50T the difference in value = ... Nm. final gear size 15Tx50T more (big/small), Large difference in torque ratio size 13Tx49T with size 14Tx48T value difference = ... Nm over (large/small) 14Tx48T, Large difference in torque ratio of size 15Tx50T with size 13Tx49T is value difference = .... Nm larger/smaller 13Tx49T/15Tx50T than 13Tx49T/15Tx50T size.

The birth certificate archive management system at the Central Aceh Population and Civil Registration Office still uses manual methods, which causes data search and storage to be less efficient. Therefore, this study aims to design and develop a web-based birth certificate data archive information system with the Waterfall method so that the management of data is more effective, secure, and organized. The development method used is Waterfall, which consists of the stages of analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. This system was built using the PHP programming language with the Laravel framework, and using MySQL as a database. The results of implementation shows that this system is able to manage archives digitally, facilitate data search, and reduce the risk of loss or damage to physical documents. System testing is carried out using the Black Box Testing method, which shows that all main features of the system function in accordance with the designed specifications. Evaluations from users of the system also show that the system is easy to use and increases efficiency in managing birth certificate archives. With this system, it is expected that the population administration process at the Population and Civil Registration Office of Central Aceh can run faster and more accurately, and provide better services to the community.  

Bunga telang (Clitoria ternatea L.) also known as blue pea, is a distinctive flower with single petals, that come in purple, blue, pink, and whote color. This flower is widely used as a natural colorant due to its high anthocyanin content, lemon juice was added to butterfly pea flower to determine antioxidant activity based on the number of hydroxyl groups capable of donating hydrogen atoms to free radical compounds. The color change observed is influenced by the acidity level (pH) of the beverage. Lemon contains a high amount of citric acid, which can flower the pH of the butterfly peaextract solution.  The colot change from blue to purple, redpr even pink indicates reaction anthocyanins to pH changes. Antioxidant activity was teste using the DPPH ( 2,2-diphenyl-picrylhydrazil) method, which measueres the samples ability to scavenge free radical. The lower the IC 150 value obtained, the stronger the antioxidant capacity of the substance. The results showed that the water content in butterfly pea tea was 15,5% and total ash content in butterfly and total ash content was 8%. The IC 50 value obtained was 53,65 which is classified as very strong in antioxidant activity and shows great potential as a natural antioxidant source

Microteaching is a small-scale teaching training method designed to enhance the pedagogical competence of prospective teachers before they enter the real educational environment. This study aims to analyze the role of microteaching in preparing teacher education students for actual teaching practice. The method used is a literature review combined with observation of microteaching implementation within the campus setting. The findings indicate that microteaching plays a significant role in improving fundamental teaching skills, such as mastery of subject matter, the use of appropriate teaching methods, classroom management, and effective communication abilities. In addition, microteaching contributes to building students’ self-confidence and mental readiness to face real classroom situations. Thus, microteaching has proven to be a strategic tool in shaping professional and classroom-ready future teachers.

This study aims to describe the use of visual media in the microteaching learning process. The main focus of the research is to understand how visual media is utilized in student teaching practice and its impact on their teaching skills. This research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The research subjects are education students who are currently enrolled in a microteaching course. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the use of visual media in microteaching enhances the clarity of material delivery, attracts the attention of simulated students, and assists students in developing more structured learning strategies. Visual media also encourages students’ creativity in designing engaging and communicative learning activities. Therefore, the use of visual media in microteaching contributes positively to improving the pedagogical competence of prospective teachers.

This study aims to analyze the ability of students in the Primary School Teacher Education (PGSD) Study Program to develop Lesson Plans (RPP) and implement teaching through microteaching activities. The RPP serves as a crucial tool for prospective teachers in designing a systematic and measurable learning process, while microteaching functions as an effective teaching practice medium to develop students’ pedagogical skills. This research employed a qualitative descriptive method, with data collection techniques including observation, documentation, and interviews with final-year PGSD students enrolled in the microteaching course. The findings reveal that most students were able to develop lesson plans in accordance with the applicable curriculum formats (K13 and Merdeka Curriculum), including formulating learning objectives and outlining the sequence of learning activities. However, weaknesses were still found in formulating learning indicators, selecting appropriate models and methods, and integrating literacy, numeracy, and the elements of the Pancasila Student Profile. In implementing microteaching, students demonstrated mastery of the material and conducted learning activities in a structured manner. Nonetheless, some still faced challenges in classroom management, interactive communication, and the use of media and educational technology. The conclusion of this study indicates that PGSD students’ abilities in preparing lesson plans and conducting microteaching are in the “fairly good” category. However, they still require further guidance and training to be fully prepared as professional educators in the field. It is expected that through continuous evaluation and constructive feedback from lecturers, students can improve the quality of their lesson planning and teaching practices more optimally.

Microteaching is an essential component in preparing students of the Primary School Teacher Education (PGSD) program to become competent professional educators. This study aims to analyze effective strategies for mastering teaching materials during microteaching courses for PGSD students. Optimal mastery of subject matter requires not only a deep understanding of content but also the ability to adapt to the characteristics of primary school students, the use of varied teaching methods, and effective communication skills. This study employs a literature review methodology and analyzes best practices from various educational institutions. The results indicate that strategies for mastering teaching materials in microteaching involve five key dimensions: systematic material preparation through curriculum analysis and in-depth literature study; material organization using a logically structured approach; material presentation with diverse learning models and appropriate media; continuous evaluation using assessment for learning techniques; and self-development through continuous learning and consistent practice. The implementation of this integrated strategy has been proven to increase student confidence, improve the quality of material delivery, and optimize teaching readiness in primary school settings. These findings offer significant contributions to the development of PGSD curricula and the enhancement of the quality of future primary school teachers in Indonesia.