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Understanding the concept of chemical bonds is a fundamental aspect in chemistry learning at the high school level. However, many students have difficulty in understanding this concept in depth. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the guided inquiry method in improving the understanding of the concept of chemical bonds. The method used was an experiment with a control group design, where one group was taught with the guided inquiry method, while the other group used the conventional method. The results showed that students who learned with the guided inquiry method had a better understanding of the concept compared to the control group. This finding indicates that the application of the guided inquiry method can be an effective strategy in improving the quality of chemistry learning in schools.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics)-based learning models in improving students' understanding of thermodynamic concepts. The research method used is a quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design. The subjects of the study were high school students who were divided into experimental and control classes. The results showed that the STEM approach can significantly improve students' conceptual understanding and problem-solving skills compared to conventional learning models. The implication of this study is the need for integration of the STEM approach in physics learning in order to improve the quality of education in the modern era.

Environmental-based learning plays a crucial role in fostering students' conservation awareness by integrating real-world experiences into the educational process. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of environmental-based learning in increasing students' awareness and responsibility toward environmental conservation. A qualitative approach was employed, involving observations, interviews, and document analysis in schools that implement environmental-based learning programs. The findings reveal that hands-on experiences, such as outdoor learning activities and school-based conservation projects, significantly enhance students' ecological awareness and proactive attitudes toward environmental preservation. The implications of this study highlight the importance of integrating environmental education into the curriculum to cultivate a sustainable mindset among students.

The integration of interactive digital media in biology learning has become an innovative approach to enhancing student motivation. This study aims to investigate the impact of interactive digital media on students' engagement and learning outcomes in biology. A quantitative research method was employed, utilizing a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test assessments. The participants consisted of high school students divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group used interactive digital media, while the control group followed traditional learning methods. The findings indicate that students who utilized interactive digital media demonstrated a significant increase in motivation and academic performance compared to those in the control group. The study highlights the effectiveness of digital media in fostering an engaging learning environment, suggesting its broader application in science education

Inquiry-based learning is a pedagogical approach that encourages students to actively construct their knowledge through exploration and questioning. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the inquiry-based learning model in improving students' conceptual understanding of biology. The research employs a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test control group. Data were collected from high school students and analyzed using statistical tests to compare learning outcomes between the experimental and control groups. The findings indicate that students who learned through inquiry-based methods demonstrated significantly higher conceptual understanding than those in traditional learning settings. These results suggest that the inquiry-based learning model can enhance students' critical thinking skills and conceptual mastery, making it a valuable approach for biology education. The study's implications highlight the need for integrating inquiry-based learning in science curricula to foster deeper understanding and engagement among students.

Biodiversity is an essential learning source in biology education, providing contextual and meaningful experiences for students. This study aims to explore the integration of biodiversity as a contextual learning source within the biology curriculum. The research employs a qualitative approach through literature studies and case studies in selected schools. Findings indicate that utilizing biodiversity in learning enhances students' ecological awareness, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills. Moreover, it fosters a sense of environmental responsibility. The study highlights the importance of developing instructional strategies that effectively integrate local biodiversity into the curriculum. These findings have significant implications for curriculum designers and educators in promoting contextual and sustainable biology learning.

The implementation of STEM-based learning in biology education aims to enhance students' scientific literacy by integrating interdisciplinary approaches. This study investigates the effectiveness of STEM-based learning in improving students' understanding of biological concepts, problem-solving skills, and critical thinking. A quasi-experimental method was employed with a pre-test and post-test design involving high school students. The results indicate a significant improvement in students' scientific literacy, as evidenced by higher post-test scores and increased engagement in learning activities. The study highlights the potential of STEM-based learning to foster deeper comprehension and practical application of biological knowledge. These findings suggest that integrating STEM approaches in biology education can effectively support scientific literacy development among students.

The use of learning media can increase enthusiasm and make it easier for students to understand the material, so that students can obtain good learning results. However, there are still teachers who rarely use media and only use textbooks and blackboards. This makes students less interested in paying attention to learning and student learning outcomes become low. The aim of this research is to determine the increase in thematic learning outcomes by using flipchart media for class III students at SDN 010 Sungai Beringin. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK). This research was carried out in two cycles, where each cycle consisted of 3 meetings with 4 stages, namely, planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The subjects in this research were class teachers and class III students at SDN 010 Sungai Beringin. The data in this research was collected using observation techniques, tests, field notes and documentation. In this research, to analyze the data using the presentation formula. From the results of the analysis it can be concluded that in the pre-cycle student learning outcomes reached a percentage of 43%, including in the "fairly good" category. After implementing the use of flipchart media in cycle I, the completion percentage was 64%, which was included in the "fairly good" category. The results of observations in cycle II reached a completion percentage of 92%, including in the "Very good" category. So, student learning outcomes can be improved through the use of flipchart media for class III students at SDN 010 Sungai Beringin.

This study aims to describe students' interest in learning Indonesian language subjects in class VII-I SMP Negeri 4 Cimahi in the 2024/2025 school year. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The results showed that students in class VII-I at SMP Negeri 4 Cimahi already had an interest in learning in Indonesian language subjects in class. Supporting factors for student interest in learning are student motivation, encouragement from Indonesian language teachers, a conducive learning environment and adequate facilities and infrastructure. The inhibiting factors of students' interest in learning in class VII-I SMP Negeri 4 Cimahi are the conduciveness of the classroom environment, the lack of complete learning facilities and infrastructure and the busyness of individual students when learning Indonesian subjects. Efforts made by Indonesian language teachers are providing motivation and encouragement before Indonesian language learning takes place and ensuring a conducive learning environment. The conclusion of this research is a) interest in learning plays an important role in the achievement of Indonesian language learning objectives in class VII-I SMP Negeri 4 Cimahi 2) Most students in class VII-I SMP Negeri 4 Cimahi already have the criteria for interest in learning in class 3) factors that support student interest in learning in class VII-I SMP Negeri 4 Cimahi are learning motivation, encouragement from Indonesian language subject teachers, conducive environment and adequate facilities and infrastructure.

The purpose of this study is to describe language errors in writing speech scripts at SDN Talagasari, Cikupa District, Tangerang Regency in terms of spelling, affixes, reduplication, word waste and diction. The approach and type of research used in this study is qualitative descriptive. The data in this study is in the form of language errors in writing speech scripts at SDN Talagasari, Cikupa District, Tangerang Regency. The source of data for this research is the writing of speeches of grade VI students of SD Negeri Talagasari for the 2024/2025 school year. The data collection technique was carried out using the documentation method. After the speech script is read, the speech script is carefully scrutinized to find language errors that will be used as data. The researcher made a list of data variables then recorded each data found and grouped the data. in accordance with the aspects to be studied. The data analysis technique consists of three components, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. This study uses a data validity check using a triangulation technique. In this case, the researcher uses data triangulation. In addition, this research is carried out through several stages, namely the pre-field stage, implementation, and research report. Based on the results of the research, several language errors were found in the writing of students' speeches. From the samples taken, the most common language errors found were spelling errors. In addition, affix errors, reduplication, word waste, and diction are also found in student essays. The results of the analysis of language errors in the writing of grade VI students of SD Negeri Talagasari, Cikupa District, Tangerang Regency for the 2024/2025 school year can be concluded as follows: (1) language errors that are often found in writing student speeches are spelling errors. Spelling errors occur due to improper writing of words, capital letters, italics, number symbols, and punctuation, (2) affix errors are found in the use of the prefix me-, prefix in-, confix  se-, confix di--kan, and confix me- -kan (3) reduplication errors occur due to the use of incorrect reaffixes (4) word waste occurs because there are still many The use of words that actually do not need to be used (5) diction errors occur due to improper word selection

One of the literary works "Dodolitdodolitdodolitbret" by Seno Gumira Ajidarma is a story about spirituality, which is told in an ironic way and balances the real and the sign. As a spiritual story experienced by a character named Guru Kiplik. He was very sure that "right prayer is the secret of happiness" But everything changed when he met the nine sons of the island-children. Teacher Kiplik always doesn't accept that their morals are not right, but they can walk on water. The background of this research is the depth of analysis of the intrinsic elements of short stories. Part of the background to the research provided is based on the need for in-depth analysis of the intrinsic elements in the short story so that researchers understand the moral message and social criticism conveyed by the author. The problem in this research is how the intrinsic elements, namely theme, character, plot, setting, point of view, language style and message, work together to produce the meaning of the story. This research uses a structural approach with qualitative descriptive methods. The data used is secondary data obtained through reading and note-taking techniques, then analyzed using the relevant theories. The research results show that this short story has a main theme regarding true belief and opposing principles in carrying out prayer. Kiplik's teaching figures as well as the island's inhabitants reflect the difference between formality and spiritual sincerity. The forward plot, reflective setting, omniscient point of view, and symbolic language style support the delivery of the moral message that sincerity is more important than technical mores. This research recommends further exploration of Seno Gumira Ajidarma's works in the context of social criticism and spirituality, and the use of these short stories as teaching material for understanding humanist values ​​in literature.

The short story "Mata yang Indah" by Budi Darma explores themes of guilt, and the human quest for redemption. This analysis examines the narrative structure, character development, and the symbolic significance of the "beautiful eyes" motif. Using a qualitative approach, this study finds that the story employs a complex interplay of memory and reality to evoke existential questions about human frailty and divine judgment. The findings contribute to understanding Indonesian literary narratives in exploring moral and spiritual conflicts. Keywords: Short story analysis, Indonesian literature, morality, symbolism, Budi Darma

This study investigates the impact of contextual problem-solving on students' mathematical reasoning abilities, comparing it to traditional problem-solving exercises. The study employs a quasi-experimental design with two groups: an experimental group exposed to contextual problem-solving activities and a control group using conventional methods. The experimental group demonstrated a 24% improvement in their mathematical reasoning abilities compared to the control group. Contextual problem-solving, which integrates real-world problems into the learning process, was found to be more engaging and effective in promoting deeper understanding and application of mathematical concepts. The study highlights the benefits of contextual learning in making abstract mathematical concepts more tangible and relatable to students. The findings suggest that by connecting mathematical knowledge to real-world scenarios, students develop stronger reasoning skills and improve their problem-solving capabilities. Moreover, the study recommends incorporating more contextual problem-solving exercises into curricula and providing teachers with training on how to implement these strategies effectively. It also suggests that future research explore the long-term effects of contextual problem-solving on other learning areas, such as critical thinking and creative problem-solving. This approach not only enhances students' mathematical reasoning but also fosters a more engaging and meaningful learning environment, thus preparing students to apply their mathematical knowledge in real-life situations.

PP PAUD and Central Java Dikmas are tasked with overseeing all early childhood education institutions and community education throughout the Central Java region. This study aims to analyze the process of planning, organizing, implementing, and evaluating the massive open online course (MOOC) that took place at PP PAUD and Dikmas Central Java during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is quantitative research with a descriptive approach. The sample in this study were PAUD teachers throughout Central Java and MOOC Education and Training supervisors at PP PAUD and Dikmas Central Java. Sample selection was carried out using the Simple Random Sampling method. The research instruments used were questionnaires, documentation, and interviews that experts have validated. Data analysis techniques used descriptive statistical analysis and percentages for questionnaire results and verbal analysis for interviews and documents. Based on the results and analysis of the discussion, we observe that MOOC in PP PAUD and Central Java Dikmas is going well. However, the content developed must still be adapted to the scope of PP PAUD. The materials in MOOCs need to be entirely focused on the essential competencies and core competencies of PP PAUD. Therefore, it is necessary to manage and develop video-based training through MOOCs.

In class VI.A students, there are still many students having difficulty in doing statistics problems. Therefore, this research needs to be done in order to find out the learning obstacles experienced by grade VI students of SDN 6 Palembang on statistics material. Learning obstacle is divided into three types, namely ontogenic obstacle, didactial obstacle, and epistemological obstacle. The research method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method. The instruments used in this study consisted of learning obstacle diagnostic tests, interviews, material analysis, lesson plan analysis, and textbook analysis and students of grade VI.A SDN 6 Palembang as the subjects in this study who were respondents who carried out learning obstacle diagnostic tests and interviews. Learning obstacles can be found based on the results of the analysis of learning obstacle diagnostic tests, interviews with homeroom teachers and students of class VI.A, lesson plan analysis and textbook analysis. The results of this study found learning obstacles, namely ontogenic obstacles such as lack of interest in learning mathematics and lack of student activeness in learning, didactical obstacles such as learning resources that are still limited and epistemological obstacles, namely lack of understanding of statistical concepts.

This study aims to analyze congregants’ interest in Islamic study sessions at Al-Ikhlas Mosque using a descriptive qualitative approach. Islamic study sessions play an essential role in enhancing religious understanding, character development, and social cohesion within the Muslim community. However, attendance levels tend to fluctuate due to various influencing factors. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and documentation to explore the perceptions, motivations, and experiences of the congregants. The findings reveal that congregants’ interest is shaped by several key factors, including the study theme, the lecturer’s delivery method, the timing of the sessions, mosque facilities, spiritual needs, and social encouragement from the surrounding community. Based on field data, congregants’ interest can be categorized into three levels: high, moderate, and low. This research is expected to assist mosque administrators in optimizing the implementation of Islamic study sessions by adjusting themes, selecting appropriate lecturers, and improving facility convenience.

The objective of Waikabubak Regional Hospital's information system deployment is to streamline the administrative procedure. Information system performance must be measured or audited to ascertain its maturity in order to give information technology a positive role and to ensure that it operates in line with the hospital's planning and business objectives. Information system audits conducted with the COBIT 4.1 Framework are highly beneficial to management, auditors, and users alike. Determining the information system's maturity level at Waikabubak Regional Hospital is the goal of this study.  The ability to offer suggestions that can be used as raw material for future information system improvements is another goal of this research. The study's findings display the system maturity level score.  From a total of 20 sudomains, the information gathered at Waikabubak Regional Hospital is 3 or at level Defined Process; only 6 of these indicated a score of level 2 maturity level (Repeatable but Intuitive), which is provided as a recommendation.. Keywords: Expert System, Epilepsy, Certainty Factor    

This study aims to enhance the competence of RA/TK/PAUD teachers in teaching basic Arabic through training based on the digital application Google Classroom in Desa Kembang, Pacitan Regency in 2024. The training was designed as an interactive learning medium that allows teachers to access, manage, and deliver materials online, while also monitoring student progress. The research employed a Community Service (PKM) approach with data collection through observation, questionnaires, and documentation of teaching practices. The results indicate that the training improved teachers’ ability to create virtual classes, assign tasks, utilize discussion forums, and deliver Arabic language materials interactively. Teachers became more confident and creative in developing learning modules, while student engagement increased through digital interaction and multimedia materials. Nevertheless, challenges related to teachers’ digital literacy and internet connectivity need to be addressed for long-term implementation effectiveness. The study confirms that integrating Google Classroom as a learning medium can strengthen the basic Arabic learning process at the PAUD level, while also promoting the development of interactive and easily accessible digital learning modules. These findings can serve as a reference for other educational institutions in implementing digital learning for early childhood education.

Self-confidence is a character that must be instilled in oneself from an early age, especially in this case for teenagers in the coastal area of Tomini Bay. The coastal area of Tomini Bay has rich natural resource potential and diverse cultural diversity. However, this area often faces various challenges, especially in terms of education and character development of its young generation. Teenagers tend to feel unable to be equal to other teenagers in urban environments. This is because of their low self-confidence. Therefore, starting from this problem, the community service offers a solution by forming a self-confidence character through Public Speaking training for junior high school students in the coastal area of Tomini Bay. Public Speaking training gives students the opportunity to practice speaking in front of many people, be able to respond to feedback constructively, and overcome nervousness or anxiety. A structured and ongoing training program is expected to form a self-confidence character in students. The implementation of this community service activity uses a training method. This community service activity will be carried out at SMP Negeri 3 Satap Bonepantai. This school is one of the schools included in the coastal area of Tomini Bay. It is hoped that with this service, it can be a solution for the low level of student confidence to appear speaking in public in this case through Public Speaking training.

This community service program is carried out with the aim of providing education for MSME players regarding the importance of recording and preparing financial reports in a simple way, in this case, for CV MSMEs. Mysneaker Retail Indo. This program is a discussion-based socialization program which aims to make the material presented easy to understand and understand and can help answer the problems faced by CV. Mysneaker Retail Indo in recording transactions and financial reports for their business. The results of this program show that CV. Mysneaker Retail Indo is interested in overhauling their financial report recording in the manner proposed by the author. According to them, by recording the financial reports submitted by the author, they can be used to read the business situation easily. This shows that this program is useful for increasing insight for MSME players in recording and preparing financial reports for their business.