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This study aims to examine the effectiveness of daily muhasabah (self-reflection) through reflective journals in enhancing self-awareness among fourth-grade students at SDIT Insan Kamil. The research was motivated by the need to integrate Islamic values with pedagogical strategies to foster holistic character development. A descriptive qualitative case study approach was employed, involving classroom observations, student journals, and interviews with teachers. Data were collected over one month and analyzed through thematic analysis. Results indicated significant improvements in students' self-awareness, evidenced by their ability to identify emotions, evaluate behaviors, and articulate personal reflections. Students demonstrated increased responsibility, empathy, and proactive self-improvement. Teachers observed enhanced emotional openness and critical thinking skills among participants. The reflective journal also served as a communication tool, enabling teachers to address individual student needs effectively. The study concludes that daily muhasabah through reflective journals is a practical and impactful method for nurturing self-awareness in Islamic elementary education. Recommendations include teacher training, parental involvement, and broader implementation of reflective practices in Islamic schools.

This study investigates the effectiveness of storytelling strategies in enhancing the understanding of Islamic creed (akidah) among fourth-grade students at SDIT Masyithah Bukittinggi. Employing a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through classroom observations, interviews with teachers, and documentation of learning activities. The findings reveal that systematically designed storytelling sessions significantly improved students' engagement, conceptual grasp of akidah, and positive behavioral changes, such as honesty and obedience. Challenges included time constraints and variability in student responses. Key recommendations emphasize teacher training in narrative techniques, integration of multisensory media, and collaborative partnerships with parents to sustain learning outcomes. The study underscores storytelling as an innovative pedagogical tool that bridges abstract creed concepts with students' daily experiences, fostering both cognitive and spiritual development. These results advocate for structured storytelling models in Islamic elementary education to enrich moral and religious pedagogy.

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the contextual learning model "Gratitude in Action" in enhancing the gratitude attitude of fifth-grade students at SD Islam Excellent Plus Bukittinggi. The research was motivated by observations indicating that students' gratitude practices were limited to formal rituals without deeper internalization. A quasi-experimental method with a single-group pretest-posttest design was employed, involving 32 students. Quantitative data were collected through pre- and post-intervention surveys, while qualitative data were derived from teacher observations, student journals, and interviews. The results showed a statistically significant increase in students' gratitude scores (from 2.4 to 3.5 on a 4-point scale, p < 0.05). Behavioral observations revealed improved spontaneous expressions of gratitude, increased peer collaboration, and proactive acts of kindness. The model’s four stages—contextualization, experience, reflection, and transfer—proved effective in linking gratitude concepts to real-life actions. The study concludes that contextual learning grounded in Islamic values strengthens gratitude attitudes holistically. Recommendations include expanding teacher training, integrating family involvement, and replicating the model in other Islamic elementary schools with adjustments for local contexts.

This study aims to analyze the impact of internal and external factors on low student learning outcomes in Pancasila Education subjects in elementary schools. Pancasila education plays an important role in shaping the nation's personality and teaching students their duties and rights in the context of Indonesian society. However, low learning outcomes in this subject indicate a problem that needs to be solved. This research applied the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method to synthesize, evaluate and integrate information from previous studies. The data is analyzed with a content analysis approach. This research reveals that low student learning outcomes depend on internal and external influences. The most dominant internal factor is learning motivation, where students who are less motivated tend not to be able to follow learning optimally. In addition, differences in learning styles between students also affect the way they understand the material. On the external side, the use of conventional and less interesting learning media and the limited learning facilities available are important factors that affect students' low learning outcomes. Therefore, in order to improve learning outcomes of Pancasila Education in elementary schools, it is necessary to increase learning motivation, adjust learning styles, and utilize more interesting and supportive learning media and facilities

His study aims to increase student participation in avoiding promiscuity and immoral behavior through the implementation of the Activity Based Learning (ABL) model in Grade XI at Madrasah Aliyah Bulukunyi during the 2024/2025 academic year. The research method used is classroom action research (CAR) following the Kemmis and McTaggart model, which consists of two cycles involving planning, action, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this study were 30 Grade XI students, with data collected through observations, questionnaires, interviews, and evaluation tests. The results indicate that the Activity Based Learning approach significantly improves student participation. In the first cycle, student participation reached 68%, while in the second cycle, it increased to 85%. Moreover, students demonstrated greater awareness of the dangers of promiscuity and immoral behavior, as reflected in the questionnaire and interview results. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the Activity Based Learning model is effective in increasing student participation and instilling moral values and positive character in their daily lives.

The Medan city is one of the largest cities in Indonesia with many economic and tourist activities. The Medan city is one of the gateways for Indonesian businessmen and tourists, especially in North Sumatra. This requires an accommodation that can be a lodging solution for business people and tourists who are doing temporary interests in the city of Medan. This has the potential to design a hotel as a temporary lodging solution for business people and tourists in the city of Medan. The hotel design uses problem solving methods that are focused on solving existing problems, starting from the formulation stage, data collection, analysis to synthesis using survey techniques, literature studies and comparative studies. So that through the design of this hotel, it can be the right lodging solution in the city of Medan with a Tropical Architecture approach that is able to provide comfort for users. Hotel design pays attention to the availability of infrastructure and utilities to support human needs in a design that is able to adapt to the surrounding environment.

Selasar Sunaryo Art Space, as one of the leading art spaces in Bandung, plays an important role as a bridge between art and society. This article aims to explore how a visit to Selasar Sunaryo can enrich individuals’ understanding of aesthetics and culture. Using a qualitative approach through survey and observation, this study collected data from visitors to analyze their views on the exhibited artworks and the socio-psychological impacts of the experience. The findings indicate that most visitors felt a deep connection with the local culture and gave positive assessments to the quality of the artworks. A visit to Selasar Sunaryo was considered an enriching experience of cultural and aesthetic knowledge. Thus, this study makes a significant contribution to the development of arts and cultural education in Indonesia, as well as encouraging more active participation from the community in local art activities.

Traffic congestion and limited parking spaces in the tourist area of Jalan Braga, Bandung City, have become significant issues that require innovative solutions. This study aims to design and implement a Smart Parking System using Internet of Things (IoT) technology and a mobile application to enhance efficiency, transparency, and convenience in parking management. The system is designed to detect real-time parking availability using ultrasonic sensors integrated with microcontrollers, and deliver this information to users through an Android-based application. Additionally, the system features parking slot reservation, digital payment, and parking data management for operators. Test results show that the system can reduce the time needed to find parking by up to 40% and increase user satisfaction. The implementation of the Smart Parking System in Jalan Braga is expected to support smarter and more environmentally friendly urban mobility in Bandung City.

Indonesian and German originate from different language families, namely Austronesian and Germanic. This distinction leads to significant grammatical differences between the two languages. This article explores key aspects that differentiate Indonesian and German grammar, including sentence structure, case system, verb conjugation, article usage, and compound word formation. Understanding these differences helps language learners avoid common mistakes and enhance their proficiency in both languages. This study is supported by various sources from recent books and academic articles to provide a more comprehensive analysis.

This research analyzes the role of customer-based leadership in implementation of Blue Ocean Strategy (BOS) to create competitive advantage through customer satisfaction. Through customer satisfaction. Using a qualitative descriptive method with literature study, this research highlights how a customer-oriented leader can identify new needs and customer-oriented leaders can identify new needs and create value innovation. Research results showed that customer-driven leadership significantly contributes to to the success of BOS by increasing customer loyalty and unique unique experiences. The case studies of Tesla and Starbucks prove that this this approach can create new markets with less competition. Conclusion, customer-centered leadership in BOS not only increases customer satisfaction, but also strengthens the company's long-term competitiveness. Satisfaction, but also strengthens the company's competitiveness in the long run.

Speaking skills are very important skills for students to master in an era of increasingly high demands. However, there are still many students who experience difficulties in speaking. The main factor that influences speaking ability is the level of self-confidence in students. The purpose of this research is to analyze the impact of self-confidence on students' speaking abilities and to find ways to overcome these problems. The research method used is a qualitative method using interview data collection techniques and literature studies. Interviews were conducted with teachers to obtain empirical data regarding the relationship between self-confidence and students' speaking abilities, while literature studies were used to strengthen the findings with relevant theories. The research results show that students with high self-confidence will actively speak and be able to express their ideas and opinions clearly. Meanwhile, students with low self-confidence will find it difficult to speak to express their thoughts or have the courage to speak in public. Speaking skills greatly influence students' activity during the learning process so that if left untreated it will hinder their academic and social development.    

Speaking skills are one of the important factors in building students' confidence. Good speaking skills allow students to express ideas, opinions and feelings clearly and effectively. High confidence in speaking can also support students' academic and social success. This study aims to analyze the role of speaking skills as a supporting factor for high school students' self-confidence. The method used is aqualitative method of interview data collection. The results showed that speaking skills are needed in low grade students as well as high grade students. Speaking skills also support students' confidence in their social interactions. This proves that speaking skills are very important in supporting the confidence of elementary school students.

This article examines the implementation of the Nawacita concept in the development of entrepreneurial management in Indonesia, particularly in the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector. The study aims to analyze how the principles of Nawacita, which include equitable development, economic strengthening, and community empowerment, can be applied in the context of MSMEs. Using a case study method, this article presents findings that demonstrate that the effective application of Nawacita can strengthen MSME management, enhance competitiveness, and expand market access. These findings are based on an analysis of various government initiatives and best practices that have been implemented by MSMEs across different regions in Indonesia. The research also identifies challenges faced by MSMEs in adopting the principles of Nawacita, including limited access to capital, inadequate infrastructure, and a lack of managerial training. As a result of this analysis, the article provides relevant policy recommendations for the future development of MSMEs, including increased government support in the form of training, access to technology, and the development of infrastructure that supports MSME growth. Thus, the implementation of Nawacita is expected to contribute to inclusive and sustainable economic growth in Indonesia.

Consumer behavior is shaped by cultural contexts, influencing how individuals perceive, purchase, and engage with products and services. While traditional market research primarily relies on quantitative methods, this study highlights the importance of qualitative insights in understanding cultural influences. Through a case study approach, the research examines how cultural values, norms, and traditions impact consumer preferences and brand interactions across various markets. Key findings reveal that collectivist cultures prioritize community and social harmony in purchasing decisions, whereas individualistic cultures focus on personal achievement and self-expression. Additionally, high uncertainty-avoidance societies tend to favor well-established and reputable brands, whereas low uncertainty-avoidance cultures show openness to innovation. Digital globalization has also transformed consumer behavior, with AI-driven marketing and e-commerce platforms fostering hybrid consumer identities that integrate global and local influences. This study provides actionable recommendations for businesses, including adopting culturally adaptive marketing strategies, leveraging AI-driven consumer analytics, and enhancing localized branding efforts. The research contributes to the broader discourse on cultural influences in marketing and consumer engagement, emphasizing the need for businesses to adapt to evolving cultural dynamics in a digitally interconnected world. Future research should further explore the intersection of AI, digital globalization, and cultural adaptation in shaping cross-cultural marketing strategies to enhance business effectiveness in global markets.​

This research is a case study with the subject of research Mrs. Sarah Syafrayani, S.Pd As a homeroom teacher of class V at SDN Negeri 060816, Sukamai, Medan Area District, Medan City, a descriptive research type with a qualitative approach. In accordance with Mukhtar's statement (2013), this type of research describes the conditions that are in accordance with the objects observed and then the data obtained is written in the form of a report. The results of the interview showed that not all teachers have the same understanding of the Independent Curriculum. Some teachers understand the basic concepts of this curriculum, such as flexibility in compiling learning and an emphasis on project-based learning. However, some others are still confused about translating the principles of the Independent Curriculum into classroom learning practices. The main obstacle in understanding this curriculum is the lack of socialization and training provided to teachers. Many teachers feel that they have not received sufficient technical guidance regarding the preparation of teaching modules, learning objective flows (ATP), and assessment strategies that are in accordance with this curriculum. Some teachers also stated that the change from the previous curriculum to the Independent Curriculum happened too quickly, so they did not have enough time to adapt. This is in line with research by Indriastuti et al. (2017), which states that flexibility in learning can increase students' learning motivation and strengthen their involvement in the learning process. However, despite having a positive view of this curriculum, teachers still hope for further support from the government and schools in the form of training, provision of facilities and infrastructure, and technical guidance related to the implementation of this curriculum.    

This community service activity aims to improve basic singing skills and the ability to become a conductor for grade V students at SDN 115 Pekanbaru. This training is designed to provide a basic understanding of correct vocal technique as well as choir leadership skills. The methods used include lectures, demonstrations, and hands-on practice, which are expected to increase students' confidence and musical abilities. The results of this activity showed a significant improvement in singing and choir leadership skills, which was measured through pre- and post-training evaluations. In addition, this activity also succeeded in increasing students' interest in musical arts and active participation in school extracurricular activities. Thus, this training is expected to be a model for other schools in developing students' musical artistic potential.

This study aims to analyze the role of teachers in the implementation of the Independent Curriculum to develop the Pancasila Student Profile in grade 3 of SDN 104203 Bandar Khalipah. The main focus of this study is to understand the strategies implemented by teachers, the challenges faced, and the impact of the implementation of the Independent Curriculum on the formation of student character according to the six dimensions of the Pancasila Student Profile. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques in the form of interviews with grade 3 teachers and distributing questionnaires to students. The results of the study show that teachers act as facilitators in creating an active and innovative learning environment through the implementation of project-based learning and formative assessment. This strategy is effective in building the values of mutual cooperation, independence, and creativity in students. However, teachers face challenges in implementing learning differentiation due to significant differences in student abilities and time constraints in conducting authentic assessments. The conclusion of this study shows that the Independent Curriculum provides flexibility for teachers to adjust learning to student needs, so that they are able to develop characters that are in accordance with the Pancasila Student Profile. Training support for teachers and collaboration with parents are needed to improve the effectiveness of the implementation of the Independent Curriculum in elementary schools.

The teaching of Social Studies in elementary schools still faces challenges in improving students' understanding, primarily due to the dominance of expository methods that lack variety. This study aims to analyze various innovative learning strategies that can enhance students' comprehension in Social Studies education. The research employs a library research method with a qualitative approach, drawing on various references and previous research findings.The results indicate that contextual learning strategies, project-based learning (PjBL), technology integration, cooperative learning, and multi-representation learning are effective in improving students' understanding. Contextual learning enhances students' comprehension by up to 32%, while PjBL improves critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Technology integration, such as augmented reality and interactive digital media, has been shown to increase learning motivation by up to 43%. Cooperative learning and multi-representation strategies also positively impact social skills and conceptual understanding.The novelty of this study lies in its comprehensive mapping of innovative, evidence-based learning strategies applicable to Social Studies education in elementary schools. The implications of this research highlight the importance of innovation in teaching strategies to ensure that students do not merely receive information passively but can actively apply their knowledge in real-life situations. Additionally, the study underscores the need for teachers to enhance their competencies in implementing more interactive and student-centered teaching methods.

The digital era has brought inevitable changes to human life, changing the way we communicate, interact, and access information. Digital space has become a new public space where individuals can express themselves, access information, and participate in public life. However, this digital space is also vulnerable to human rights violations, such as mass surveillance, the spread of hate speech, and information manipulation. The rapid development of digital technology has outstripped the ability of international law to regulate it, creating a significant legal gap where human rights in the digital space are not adequately protected. This challenge is further complicated by the cross-border nature of the internet and other digital technologies. This journal discusses international legal issues related to the protection of human rights in the digital era. This research uses a normative legal research method with a case study approach, analyzing international legal documents such as international treaties, UN resolutions, and international court jurisprudence. This journal also analyzes case studies related to human rights violations in the digital era. The results of the study indicate that a more comprehensive international legal framework, clear international standards, and effective law enforcement efforts are needed to protect human rights in the digital space. The proposed recommendations include developing a comprehensive legal framework, enhancing international cooperation, strengthening law enforcement efforts, increasing public awareness, and civil society participation.

This research aims to determine, the effect of applying the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on students’ learning outcomes for Economics subjects in class XI of SMA Negeri 6 Gorontalo Utara. This quantitative research uses a Quasi-Experimental Design research (Pseudo experiment), with a sample size of 30 students. The results showed that there is an effect of applying the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model, proven to significantly improve the learning outcomes of grade XI students in economic subjects at SMA Negeri Gorontalo Utara, as shown by the Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.000, which is smaller than the significance level of 0.05. The Problem Based Learning (PBL) model allows students to be more active, critical, and independent in understanding concepts by linking theory with real problems.