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The application of Virtual Reality (VR) based on the Metaverse in education is an innovation that can enhance the quality of learning by providing a more interactive and immersive learning experience. This article discusses the development of VR-based learning integrated with the Metaverse using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Through the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation, VR and Metaverse-based learning can be tailored to students' needs, creating a more flexible and collaborative learning experience. The use of this technology allows students to learn independently or in groups, while improving practical skills and creativity. This study shows that by applying the ADDIE model, VR and Metaverse-based learning can be more effective in increasing student motivation and learning outcomes, addressing the challenges of education in the future.

This study discusses the construction system in Japan from the perspective of Sharia business management. Japan is known for its high construction standards, advanced technology, and disciplined work system. The study aims to analyze how Sharia business principles can be applied in the construction industry in Japan, particularly in workforce management, finance, and business ethics. Using a qualitative descriptive method, this research explores the firsthand experiences of construction workers in Japan and the policies that support Sharia business practices in the industry. The findings indicate that there are opportunities to implement Sharia concepts in human resource management and financial transparency.

One of the negative impacts of the mining process is acid mine drainage which is formed from the oxidation of minerals containing iron sulfur, such as pyrite (FeS2) and pyrothite (FeS) by oxidizers such as water and oxygen. To handle or control acid mine drainage, one way is to use activated carbon or often referred to as activated charcoal, which is a type of carbon that has a very large surface area. Charcoal is a porous solid that contains 85% to 95% carbon, produced from materials containing carbon by heating at high temperatures without oxygen (pyrolysis). Activated carbon made from palm shells is an adsorbent that can be used to treat coal mine acid water, so that the water meets standards for flowing into the environment. This study used concentration variants of 4 grams, 6 grams, 8 grams and contact times of 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 150 minutes. The results of this study show that the concentration of palm oil shell activated carbon adsorbent influences the reduction of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) metal levels as well as the pH conditions in acid mine drainage water. The higher the concentration and the longer the contact time, the more heavy metals are adsorbed, the contact time is the highest. The optimal concentration in this study was 150 minutes and the optimal concentration was 8 grams with physical activation.

The 2013-2031 Karanganyar Regency RTRW directs Gondangrejo District as an area designated for medium to large-scale industries, although on the other hand there are rural settlement areas in existing conditions. The industry in Gondangrejo District is growing and developing which is agglomerated along the Solo-Purwodadi Road. The development of this agglomeration has an impact on the increasing density of rural settlements around the industry. Therefore, this study aims to measure changes in the density of residential buildings affected by the development of industrial agglomeration in Gondangrejo District, Karanganyar Regency between 2004-2024. The research method used is quantitative with regional relative comparison analysis techniques, average nearset neighbors, and kernel density analysis. The results of the study show that industrial agglomeration in Gondangrejo District has experienced low-level development. The density of residential buildings has also increased to 25 units/ha. The growth of residential buildings, boarding houses, shops/stalls, and parking facilities around the industry is a direct impact of the development of industrial agglomeration on the density of residential buildings.

Nowadays, the number of cyber terrorists that using Internet as a medium keep increasing around the world are really worrying. Even though the cyber terrorist is publishing their post openly and public, there are quite difficult to recognize their main communication media. This happen because the cyber terrorist might hide their agenda through any sympathetic base website. Therefore, the aim of this project is to formulate tracing and linking algorithm using data mining technique in order to identify the relationship between each cyber terrorism components that may result to cyber terrorism website.      

Generators are an important component in electrical generation. One of the disturbances that occurs in the generator is a short circuit fault. PT Oki Pulp and Paper has a Diesel Generator which is equipment that can be used as an alternative electrical generator to meet backup electricity needs, when a trip / shutdown occurs, the diesel generator will become backup power. The diesel generator observed is YCSR with a capacity of 3875 KVA/380 Volts. The purpose of this research is to analyse the Short Circuit Disturbance of Diesel Generator YCSR 3875 KVA and analyse the calculation of the time required for Over Current Protection on short circuit disturbance of Diesel Generator YCSR 3875 KVA. The research was conducted at the DG House of PT Oki Pulp and Paper in December 2024. The results of the short circuit fault analysis obtained are 17,042.40 A. The time required for the relay to disconnect the electricity during a short circuit is 4.09 seconds. The time obtained from the calculation is quite short, it can be seen that the short circuit fault that occurred was 17,042.40 A. To get the results of the relay working time, there is a calculation to find out how much TMS is determined through calculation, from the calculation getting the TMS result of 1,007 seconds. With TMS = 1.007 seconds, calculations are carried out to find the time required for the overcurrent relay to send a signal to the circuit breaker.

Islamic civilization has played an important role in world history, with significant contributions in the fields of science, philosophy, architecture, and culture. Therefore, it is important to study and understand the history of Islamic civilization to understand its significant influence in the modern world. The Abbasid Dynasty was one of the golden periods in the history of Islamic civilization, with significant contributions in various fields. The Abbasid Dynasty was one of the dynasties that had a high civilization in the field of science, of course this was inseparable from the efforts made by the caliphs who led the government. Efforts continued to be made by translating foreign works that had previously experienced civilization in the fields of science and other fields. This article will discuss the history of the Abbasid Dynasty and its contributions to Islamic civilization.

This study aims to examine the problem of the lack of implementation of experiment-based learning in Biology subjects at SMA Nahdlatul Ulama Padangsidimpuan. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach, with data collection through interviews with Biology teachers and literature studies. The results showed that limited laboratory facilities, lack of practicum tools and materials, and limited learning time allocation were the main obstacles in the implementation of practicum. Although teachers realize the importance of experimental activities in improving students' understanding and science process skills, structural support from schools is still very limited. In response to these obstacles, several alternatives such as the utilization of virtual laboratories, the use of experimental videos, and simple experiments based on local resources have been attempted. This research recommends strengthening educational policies that support practicum-based learning through the provision of adequate infrastructure, continuous training for teachers, and development of alternative learning media. Thus, Biology learning can be more effective in fostering students' scientific skills and critical thinking according to the demands of the 21st century.

Given the increasing prevalence of mental health challenges in digital work settings, especially among IT remote workers, early detection mechanisms have become critically important. This study aims to improve the prediction accuracy of mental health conditions among IT remote workers by integrating feature engineering techniques within machine learning models. Five algorithms consisting of Random Forest, Logistic Regression, K-Nearest Neighbors, Decision Tree, and Naive Bayes were evaluated. The Random Forest model achieved the best performance, with 83% accuracy, 83% precision, 100% recall, and a 90% F1-score, followed closely by Logistic Regression with 82% accuracy. Nevertheless, the results demonstrate the feasibility of applying machine learning to support the early detection of mental health risks, offering a strong foundation for future research in predictive analytics and the development of intelligent support systems within digital work environments.

The implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) in healthcare institutions aims to improve the efficiency, accuracy, and accessibility of medical data. RSUD Weda, a regional hospital in Indonesia, has adopted an EMR system in its outpatient services to replace conventional manual processes. However, this transition has faced several challenges, including inadequate training, unstable network infrastructure, and inconsistent adherence to Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). This study aims to evaluate the performance of the EMR implementation using a qualitative descriptive method based on the 5M framework—Man, Material, Machine, Method, and Money. Data were collected through interviews, direct observation, and document analysis involving stakeholders such as medical staff, administrators, and IT personnel. The findings indicate that while users acknowledge improvements in data accuracy and accessibility, key issues remain, particularly in training quality, infrastructure readiness, and system reliability. The study also observed gradual improvements in SOP compliance and reduced system failures over time. These results suggest that successful EMR adoption requires a balance of technical infrastructure, human resource readiness, financial support, and continuous system monitoring. The use of the 5M framework proved effective in identifying multidimensional challenges and offering holistic insights into the implementation process. This study contributes to the broader literature on EMR evaluation by providing contextualized evidence from a district-level hospital and offers practical recommendations for enhancing EMR system performance in similar healthcare settings.    

process standardization, and system optimization. The study concludes that the HOT-FIT model is This study evaluates the performance of the outpatient registration information system at RSUD Komodo using the Human-Organization-Technology Fit (HOT-FIT) framework. Hospital Information Systems, particularly in the outpatient registration process, are crucial for supporting service efficiency and data accuracy. However, RSUD Komodo has experienced several challenges in the implementation of its SIMRS module, including system slowdowns, sudden monitor failures, and unstable internet connectivity during service hours. These issues hinder operational effectiveness and risk compromising service quality. The objective of this research is to assess system performance comprehensively across human, organizational, and technological dimensions. A qualitative descriptive design was employed, involving in-depth interviews with five key informants: registration staff, IT personnel, coder, head of the medical records unit, and head of the casemix team. The findings show that in the human dimension, users lacked sufficient training and adaptation strategies. In the organizational aspect, weak coordination and the absence of standardized procedures were identified. In the technology dimension, hardware malfunctions and slow system performance significantly disrupted services. These interconnected issues reveal the need for capacity buildingan effective tool for evaluating hospital information systems, offering a structured approach to identifying and resolving performance gaps in outpatient service modules.

This research aims to evaluate Mixue's corporate communication methods to create a positive perception of the wider audience. In this digital era, corporate image is one of the assets that affect the trust of customers. This research uses a qualitative approach based on critical analysis. The results show that the Mixue company uses several communication strategies, such as utilizing social media, open communication and transparency, cooperation with influencers, and using mascots as branding. These strategies help the brand's good reputation in the eyes of the public. It is hoped that this research will help develop corporate communication theory as well as provide practical examples of how a company builds and creates an image using good and effective strategies.

This article discusses the implementation of negotiation strategies and lobbying techniques as participatory communication approaches in the context of community service in Parigi Village, Cikande Sub-district, Serang City. Through intensive community organizing, this activity aims to strengthen the capacity of residents in facing the challenges of cross-interest communication and collaboration, especially in terms of policy advocacy and local resource management. The service subjects consisted of local community groups who had been less involved in the decision-making process at the village level. The service process is carried out through several stages, starting from joint problem mapping, training in negotiation and lobbying techniques, to the preparation of collaborative action plans that involve active participation of residents. The findings from this activity show that interest-based negotiation and ethical lobbying can strengthen the community's bargaining position towards external actors such as the government and local stakeholders. The dynamics of the activity also resulted in initial social changes, such as the formation of an internal advocacy group, increased participation in public forums, and the emergence of collective awareness of the importance of strategic communication.

Cybersecurity is continuously challenged by increasingly sophisticated and dynamic cyber-attacks, necessitating advanced adaptive defense mechanisms. Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has emerged as a promising approach, offering significant advantages over traditional intrusion detection methods through real-time adaptability and self-learning capabilities. This paper presents an advanced adaptive cybersecurity framework utilizing five prominent DRL algorithms: Deep Q-Network (DQN), Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), Twin Delayed DDPG (TD3), Soft Actor-Critic (SAC), and Asynchronous Advantage Actor-Critic (A3C). The effectiveness of these algorithms is evaluated within complex, realistic simulation environments using live-streaming data, emphasizing key metrics such as accuracy (AUC-ROC), response latency, and network throughput. Experimental results demonstrate that the SAC algorithm consistently achieves superior detection accuracy (95% AUC-ROC) and minimal disruption to network performance compared to other approaches. Additionally, A3C provides the fastest response times suitable for real-time defense scenarios. This comprehensive comparative analysis addresses critical research gaps by integrating both traditional and novel DRL techniques and validates their potential to substantially improve cybersecurity defense strategies in realistic operational settings.

This article discusses the influence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) usage in the evaluation of Indonesian language learning among university students. The study explains that AI is used by students to help understand the material, improve assignments, and receive feedback more quickly. Using a descriptive quantitative approach, the article also explores students’ perceptions of the effectiveness of AI in supporting academic evaluation. It highlights ethical and technical challenges that arise, such as technological dependency and the low level of lecturer involvement in the use of AI. In addition to outlining key survey findings, the article provides an overview of the benefits, drawbacks, and potential of AI in enhancing the quality of educational evaluation.

Restorative justice, originally designed to protect the future of the offender's child, in practice creates new inequalities by failing to ensure justice and protection for victims, particularly in the context of sexual crimes with severe physical and psychological consequences. This research emphasizes the need to critically evaluate the application of restorative justice in child rape cases, so that it does not become a shortcut to solving cases without comprehensively considering the rights of victims and the principles of substantive justice. This research criticizes the application of restorative justice in the juvenile criminal justice system, particularly in rape cases involving children as both perpetrators and victims. Using a normative legal approach, this research analyzes how restorative justice is prioritized as a form of peaceful resolution, but may ignore the rights and overall recovery of victims.

Abstract. Domestic workers as informal workers require special attention and protection from formal workers. Domestic workers are classified as informal workers, so the Employment Law cannot be used to protect them. In this case, the protection provided is in the form of balancing the rights and responsibilities of Domestic Workers and employers, as well as ensuring safety so that Domestic Workers can obtain decent work. Indonesia is a country that prioritizes the protection of human rights by upholding the values ​​of human dignity and dignity as a whole. However, in Indonesia there are no comprehensive laws and regulations to protect local workers. Qualitative analysis was used to compile this study. This study is normative juridical, focusing on the study of the application of positive legal rules or norms. The results of the author's research show that domestic workers are considered vulnerable to various weaknesses in carrying out their duties. This shows the importance of protection for domestic workers. Therefore, the Law on the Protection of Domestic Workers provides protection for domestic workers while also providing protection for employers, especially in terms of ensuring a fair balance between the rights and responsibilities of both parties.

Thailand is a country with a majority Buddhist population. Buddhist life has colored almost all aspects of life in Thailand, both in government (kingdom), system, education curriculum, law and so on. However, there are also several other religions practiced by some Thai people including Islam, Christianity, Hinduism, Confucianism and Singh. In percentage, the Muslim population in the Land of the White Elephant is only around 5.5% of the total citizens who are predominantly Buddhist. Looking at the percentage, almost all Malay Muslims live in Pattani Province. This quantitative fact has marginalized them socially and politically and made them a minority ethnic group in Thailand. The purpose of this writing is to analyze the reconstruction of the relationship between the state and citizens in the historicization of the Thai constitution. The method used is the normative legal method using a legislative approach and a conceptual approach. The results of the study show that during modern history, Thailand has continued to strengthen democratic institutions to ensure that the voices of all people are heard and respected. In recent years, grassroots community groups and independent organizations have appeared to play a more active role. This has led Thailand to a participatory democracy that encourages all levels of society to be more actively involved in shaping the national agenda. Thai democracy continues to experience ups and downs. A number of political crises have occurred, triggered by differences in views and ideologies among groups in Thai society in guarding the integrity of the nation in the 21st century.   Keywords: Historicization, Thai Constitution, Reconstruction, State & Citizen Relations

This research aims to see how Excellent service-based public services are implemented at UTD PMI Surabaya City as mandated by law No. 25 of 2009 concerning Public Services as well as the mandate and Regulation of the Minister of Health (PMK) of the Republic of Indonesia Number 83 of 2014 concerning Blood Transfusion Units, Banks Blood. and Blood Transfusion Services Network. The research design used qualitative methods and a descriptive approach was used (Sugiyono, 2017), to answer the research problem, a theoretical approach to the characteristics of excellent service was used (Wijaya, 2022). The research results showed that the theoretical dimensions existed, namely: appearance, politeness and friendliness, willingness to serve, knowledge and expertise, punctuality and promise, honesty and trust, efficiency, legal certainty, openness are all in accordance with existing theoretical indicators. Recommendations for UTD PMI Surabaya City must be additional human resources so that public services can be more optimal, especially for managing patient and non-patient visitor traffic, in the future.

This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the child marriage prevention policy in Malang District. The urgency of this research is that in recent years Malang District has been one of the districts in East Java Province with the highest number of child marriage cases. However, one of the interesting things is that there was a decrease in the number of cases from 2020 to 2024 even though it was not significant, this shows that there are good implications from the implementation of several policies and programs by the local government. The results showed that the Malang District government through DP3A has implemented several policies to overcome the problem of child marriage. Such as the policy of establishing a Village Child Protection Commission (KPAD), Simultaneous Movement Module Program, Socialization of Adolescent Reproductive Health Education for each junior / MTs and SMA / MA / SMK, and selection of peer counselors. Some of the programs that have been implemented have not been optimal, even so the program has had a positive impact on preventing child marriage in Malang District.