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Coastal areas are transitional areas between land and marine ecosystems that are very vulnerable to natural disasters, one of which is abrasion. Coastal abrasion is the process of erosion of coastal areas caused by wave activity, ocean currents, and human activities such as infrastructure development and sand mining. Ciberi Beach (Tanjung Ciberi) located in Enggros Village, Abepura District, Jayapura City, is one of the coastal areas that experiences continuous abrasion. Its strategic location and direct facing the Pacific Ocean makes this area very vulnerable to coastal erosion. Based on the author's experience while conducting Field Work Practices at the Papua River Basin Center (BWS Papua), it is known that abrasion has caused damage to public facilities and significant coastline decline since 2019 (Cepos, 2024). Strong suspicions arose from the community based on the results of interviews conducted that the construction of the Youtefa Bridge contributed to the acceleration of abrasion. Previous research also showed that the rate of abrasion in the Yos Sudarso Bay area, including Ciberi Beach, reached 0.89 meters per year. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the level of damage to Ciberi Beach due to abrasion during the period 2014–2024, and to provide recommendations for handling to reduce the impact of damage in the coastal area.

Terminals serve as transportation nodes that play a vital role in supporting community mobility and urban economic activities. As the capital city of Papua Province with a population of 420,577 inhabitants, Jayapura City requires an efficient transportation system to support increasingly dynamic social and economic activities. Entrop Terminal, as a Type A Terminal and the main transportation hub of Jayapura City, serves various transportation modes ranging from inter-city inter-provincial transport, cross-border transport, intra-provincial inter-city transport, urban transport, to rural transport. However, there is a significant problem where users prefer to wait for public transportation outside the terminal due to long queues inside the terminal, creating a shadow terminal phenomenon. This research aims to evaluate the facilities available at Entrop Type A Terminal in relation to the quality of services provided to users. This evaluation is important to identify facility and service deficiencies that cause users to be reluctant to use the terminal optimally. The research results are expected to provide recommendations for facility improvements and service quality enhancement at Entrop Terminal, so that it can function optimally as the main transportation hub and reduce the shadow terminal problems occurring in Jayapura City.

The Bukit Tutari Cultural Heritage Area in Jayapura Regency, Papua, has enormous potential to be developed as a sustainable ecotourism destination. This study aims to explore strategies for developing the area by involving indigenous people as the main managers. Through a community- based approach, it is hoped that this development will not only improve local economic welfare, but also preserve cultural and environmental values. This study uses a qualitative method with data analysis from interviews, observations, and literature studies. The results of the study indicate that the involvement of indigenous people in ecotourism management can create synergy between cultural preservation and local economic development.

In mining activities, there is often a discrepancy between the plan and the actual conditions in the field, this discrepancy was found after reconciliation at the end of the progress (month). From the mining activities carried out by PT. Jembayan Muarabara (JMB), coal roof floor data was obtained from the survey which was then used to find survey tonnage, model tonnage data and actual tonnage scales. Then from this data it can be used to obtain coal recovery, coal looses in coal cleaning, loading, and coal transportation. The results of the study obtained tonnage data from the survey of 26,201.50 tons, a model of 26,488.50 tons and an actual tonnage of 24,885.09 tons. From the data obtained, the coal recovery value at the research location was 94.98% with coal losses in coal cleaning activities of 4.52% or 1196.39 tons and in loading activities of 0.5% or 120.02 tons with a tonnage discrepancy between planning and actual in the field of 1603.41 tons.

Lake Toba, designated as a National Tourism Strategic Area, faces ecological disruption due to the invasive Red Devil fish (Amphilophus labiatus), which threatens the sustainability of native aquatic species. This study aims to enhance the knowledge of the Tapian Nauli farmer group in Hariara Pohan Village, Samosir Regency, in utilizing the Red Devil fish as Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF) and processed food. Methods employed include agricultural extension activities, practical demonstrations, pre-tests and post-tests, and evaluation through questionnaires. Results showed a significant improvement in farmers' knowledge after the extension, with 70% moving from the "poor" to "good" category. The Red Devil fish was successfully processed into LOF through fermentation using molasses, starbio, and pineapple, and into shredded fish (abon) as a food product. Farmers responded positively to the idea of Red Devil abon as a potential household business opportunity, given the fish's abundance and low cost. Evaluation of the extension activities revealed a high level of suitability with an average score of 96.33%, covering material content, delivery methods, and instructional media. This study demonstrates that locally based extension approaches can effectively empower farmers to convert invasive pests into value-added products, while fostering economic opportunities rooted in local resources.

Digital marketing plays a crucial role in enhancing the competitiveness of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the digital era. This study aims to analyze the extent of digital marketing implementation by MSMEs in Sinarsari Village and to design strategies for improving entrepreneurs' capabilities in optimizing digital marketing. The research uses a mixed-method approach, combining both qualitative and quantitative methods. The findings reveal that most MSMEs have utilized digital platforms such as social media, messaging apps, and online marketplaces to promote their products. The implementation of digital marketing has proven effective in increasing product visibility, expanding market reach, boosting sales, and improving income. However, several challenges remain, including limited technological knowledge and a lack of understanding of effective branding. Therefore, training programs and mentoring are necessary to help MSME actors optimize their digital marketing strategies. With a more strategic and effective application of digital marketing, MSMEs can grow sustainably and strengthen their position in both the local and national economy.

Digital marketing has become a crucial solution for honey farmers to boost sales and expand their market reach. This community service activity aims to enhance the knowledge of honey farmers in the KTH Sadar Tani Muda group regarding the use of e-commerce websites for honey product marketing. The methods employed include training, mentoring, and the development of a simple e-commerce platform-based website. The results indicate a significant improvement in farmers' understanding of digital marketing benefits, e-commerce features, and independent product content management. Additionally, the developed website has enhanced the online visibility of honey products. The impact of this initiative extends beyond increased sales, opening broader marketing opportunities. This activity is expected to serve as a model for other farmer groups in adopting digital technology for business development

Early Childhood Education (ECE) is a very important foundation or starting point for building physical, mental, and social development in children so that they have the preparation that can help them later when they grow up. Therefore, an educational institution must have a leader or principal who can provide motivation and good and adequate facilities for the teachers and students. A quality leader is also very important so that students not only gain knowledge and science, but they can also form their own character with moral values as preparation when they grow up. We examine a variety of publications in this essay using a qualitative approach. We obtained knowledge from several sources, including publications connected to our topic and academic magazines. The results of this study illustrate that the presence of quality leadership in an educational institution, particularly in early childhood education (ECE), can optimize and develop the potential of teachers, making them more improved and creative, and can also shape the character of the students.  

This research aims to describe the implementation of singing methods in enhancing the musical intelligence of early childhood at RA Fatipa and to analyze its impact on the holistic development of children. Using a descriptive qualitative method with participatory observation techniques, in-depth interviews, and document studies, this research finds that the singing method at RA Fatipa is implemented integratively through various techniques, such as singing together, singing with movements, and using songs as learning media. The research results show a positive impact of the singing method on children's musical intelligence, cognitive development, language, socio-emotional, and motor skills. However, the study also identifies several challenges, namely limitations in facilities and infrastructure, the need for teacher training, the importance of parental support, as well as the need for a more systematic integration of the curriculum and strengthening of the evaluation and documentation system. This study recommends improving facilities and infrastructure, continuous training for teachers, active parental involvement, better curriculum integration, and the development of a structured evaluation and documentation system to optimize the implementation of singing methods and their impact on children's development.

Supporter fanaticism is a social phenomenon commonly found in the world of sports and can have both positive and negative impacts. This study aims to examine the relationship between supporter fanaticism and aggressive behavior in the context of sports through a sociological approach. The method used is a literature review by analyzing relevant scientific articles, books, and research reports. The findings indicate that supporter fanaticism often stems from a strong collective identity, which under certain conditions can lead to aggressive behavior, both verbal and physical. Factors such as extreme group identification, inter-group provocation, and socio-cultural conditions contribute to the potential for aggression. This study provides implications for supporter management in sports, particularly in creating a safe and healthy match atmosphere. A sociological approach helps to understand supporter group dynamics more holistically and serves as a foundation for formulating preventive policies against violence in sports.

This study aims to identify the training needs of Early Childhood Education (ECE) teachers in integrating digital-based learning approaches. Despite the availability of digital tools in PAUD Yobel Bersinar Medan, such as projectors and speakers, their effective use in classroom activities remains minimal. A qualitative descriptive method was employed to collect data through interviews, observations, and document analysis. The findings reveal that most teachers face challenges in utilizing digital media, designing technology-integrated lesson plans, and engaging children through interactive platforms. However, the teachers expressed strong motivation and readiness to participate in contextual and practical training. The study highlights the importance of need-based training programs tailored to the actual teaching context. These findings imply the necessity for institutions to develop structured and sustainable professional development programs to enhance teachers' digital literacy and pedagogical skills, ultimately improving learning experiences in the digital era.

This Research aims to identify the role of of leadership in addressing and bridging differences of opinion between teachers and parents regarding the educational methods used. The goal is to create a harmonious collaboration to optimize children's development. The research method employed is library research, by collecting and analyzing various relevant literature sources to understand effective leadership strategies in building collaboration between families and schools. The findings indicate that effective leadership in early childhood education (ECE) settings must be able to accommodate diverse perspectives through open communication, collaborative activities, and the development of trust between schools and parents.

This study aims to improve student learning outcomes in Mathematics, especially simple fractions, through the application of the Problem Based Learning learning model. The background of this study is based on the need for an effective learning approach and encourage active student participation in learning simple fractions. The Problem Based Learning learning model is one of the learning approaches used to improve learning outcomes in Mathematics. This study applies the Problem Based Learning learning model to grade III students at SDN 001 Barong Tongkok in the 2024/2025 academic year. The study method used in this study is Classroom Action Research. Classroom action studies are applied through two cycles. Each cycle consists of four processes that are applied sequentially, namely planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The class that is the subject of this study is grade I students with a total of 21 people. In the initial conditions, the average student score was 62.25. After implementing the first cycle, where the teacher applied the learning practice, the results obtained were that in cycle I, the average class score increased to 67.25, and in cycle II, the average score increased to 77.75. Through the action study applied through two cycles, a significant increase was obtained. Thus, it can be concluded that the Problem Based Learning learning model is effective in improving Mathematics learning outcomes in simple fractions in class III at SDN 001 Barong Tongkok

This study is a mini literature review aimed at exploring the use of the Math Master software in enhancing students’ computational thinking skills. Computational thinking is a crucial 21st-century skill, particularly in technology-based mathematics learning. This article reviews several relevant studies that discuss the use of educational software, specifically Math Master, in helping students solve mathematical problems systematically, logically, and efficiently. The review findings indicate that Math Master can serve as an interactive tool that supports conceptual understanding and encourages algorithmic thinking among students.

Immunization is an effort to provide immunity to infants and children by introducing vaccines into the body. This vaccine stimulates the body to produce antibodies that function to prevent certain diseases. The coverage of Complete Basic Immunization in Banda Aceh City/District from 2022 to 2024 has decreased each year by (43.9%) in 2022, (37.8%) in 2023, and (34.9%) in 2024. The immunization coverage is still very low and below the national target of (95%). To determine the factors influencing maternal behavior in basic immunization within the working area of the Banda Aceh City Health Center. Research. Quantitative research with a Cross Sectional Study approach using primary data. The population in this study consists of all mothers with infants aged 6-11 months within the working area of the Banda Aceh City Health Center. The sample in this study consisted of 200 respondents, with data collection methods using questionnaires and analyzed univariately to describe the distribution and proportion, as well as bivariately. Bivariate data analysis with Spearman correlation test. This study found a relationship between each variable and maternal behavior regarding basic immunization with the variables Attitude Toward Immunization (p=0.000), Subjective Norm of Immunization (p=0.000), Perceived Behavioral Control of Immunization (p=0.000), Actual Behavioral Control of Immunization (p=0.000). All variables are related to maternal behavior in basic immunization within the working area of the Banda Aceh City health center.

Post-operative pain after upper extremity ORIF is complex, involving tissue damage, inflammation and nociceptive mechanisms that require a comprehensive pharmacological approach. The intensity of post-ORIF pain typically ranges from moderate to severe in the first 48-72 hours and can affect early mobilisation, respiratory function and the patient's physiological stress response. Research objective: To determine the pattern of analgesic use for pain management after upper extremity ORIF surgery under general anaesthesia at Pandan Arang Boyolali Hospital. Research Methods: This is a qualitative research with case study approach. Data was collected using quota sampling technique. The sample in this study amounted to 5 patients with inclusion criteria: upper extremity orthopaedic surgery patients who will undergo ORIF in the Central Surgical Installation of Pandan Arang Boyolali Hospital in April 2025, patients with general anaesthesia Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA). Results: Based on the results of observations, it was found that the pattern of use of pharmacological pain management in patients after upper extremity ORIF surgery with general anaesthesia at Pandan Arang Boyolali Hospital was the administration of 100 mcg fentanyl and 4 mg ondansentrone dripped in 500 ml Tutofusin infusion for surgery with a duration of > 1 hour and a large incision area.

Sleep is a basic need for every human being. Every human being needs adequate sleep in order to obtain a healthy and good body. Poor sleep quality is one of the causes of many medical ailments and has a strong relationship between physical, psychological and sleep health. According to several studies on sleep quality, a person's sleep quality is influenced by several factors such as physical activity, stress and emotion, surfing the internet, watching television and having other habits such as drinking alcohol, smoking and fast food. The student group is a group that has a fairly solid activity. Students can experience disturbances in the circadian cycle due to increased pressure from the academic environment so that groups of students do not have enough sleep. Some of the stressors from Medical Faculty students include busy class schedules, piled up assignments, anxiety before exams that affect the sleep quality of the Medical Faculty students. To determine the relationship between physical activity and emotional stress on decreased sleep quality in students of the Faculty of Medicine, UMSU class 2018. This study used an analytical descriptive method with a cross sectional design. The data was processed using the SPSS Chi-Square test in June 2022 at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah North Sumatra. Based on the results of the analysis, the demographic characteristics of the average age of respondents were 22 (range 22-24) years and 97 (74%) of respondents were women, the frequency of poor sleep quality was the highest (79.4%), the frequency of light physical activity as much as (55%) and the frequency of moderate emotional stress (84%). Multivariate analysis showed that the factors that influence the decrease in sleep quality were emotional stress with p value = 0.001. Physical activity statistically did not affect the decrease in sleep quality with p value = 0.993. There is a significant relationship between emotional stress and decreased sleep quality in students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah North Sumatra, Class of 2018.

Pharmaceutical services in hospitals must comply with the standards set forth in Minister of Health Regulation No. 72 of 2016 to ensure the safe, effective, and efficient use of medications. One crucial aspect of clinical pharmacy services is evaluating the appropriateness of drug use in accordance with the National Formulary (Fornas), particularly in antihypertensive therapy, which is widely used in clinical practice. This study aims to evaluate the conformity level of antihypertensive drug use with Fornas at Bandung-Based General Hospital and analyze its economic impact. This research is a retrospective descriptive study that collects data on antihypertensive drug use from various service units from August to October 2024. The analysis was conducted by calculating the percentage of conformity based on the number of drug units used compared to the Fornas list, as well as assessing the economic value of the drugs utilized. The results showed a very high adherence rate to Fornas, with the highest conformity percentage reaching 99.88% in September 2024 and the lowest at 99.81% in August 2024, surpassing the minimum compliance standard of 80% set by the Hospital Minimum Service Standards. These findings reflect the effectiveness of the National Formulary policy and the hospital's commitment to rational therapy. Collaboration among pharmacists, doctors, and the medical team, along with continuous education, is necessary to ensure safe, regulatory-compliant, and efficient therapy.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of Good Governance principles, including accountability, transparency, and participation in the management of Village Funds in Tambaksari Kidul Village, Kembaran Subdistrict, Banyumas Regency. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that accountability in village financial reporting has been carried out in accordance with regulations, although there are still delays in reporting. Transparency in budgeting and the implementation of village funds has been conducted through village meetings and village information media, but has not yet reached the stage of impact evaluation. Community participation is quite active in planning and implementation, but minimal in the evaluation stage. Challenges faced include limited human resources, infrastructure, and low community participation. Strengthening human resource capacity, improving information transparency, and optimizing inclusive village meetings are needed to support better village fund management.

This study aims to determine and evaluate the BPJS Health Service Policy in the VIP Room of Edelweiss, Dr. M. M. Dunda Limboto Regional General Hospital, Gorontalo Regency. The research method used is qualitative descriptive. The results of the study indicate that several indicators of the effectiveness of the BPJS Health service policy in the VIP Room of Edelweiss, Dr. M. M. Dunda Limboto Regional General Hospital have not been running optimally. In terms of effectiveness, the administrative procedures are still considered unclear and not easy by patients and families, especially with the time limit for processing BPJS only 3 x 24 hours. The adequacy indicator is running quite well, but administrative information is only delivered verbally without written support, so patients or their families often have to ask again for the information needed. In terms of equality, although there are differences in facilities and comfort between the VIP room and the general care room, equality in processing BPJS administration is maintained. Responsiveness is considered good; administrative officers are considered fast and precise in providing solutions to obstacles faced by patients. However, in the accuracy indicator, some informants felt that the time given for administrative management was not yet in accordance with needs, especially for patient families who live far away or have other activities. This indicates the need for a re-evaluation of the time provisions and the delivery of more complete and written information.