Publication Search

Civil servants (Aparatur Sipil Negara/ASN) play a strategic role in government administration and public service delivery; therefore, improving their performance is essential to achieving effective and accountable governance. This study aims to analyze the effect of training and work discipline on ASN performance, with work motivation as an intervening variable, in the Government of Sorong City. A quantitative approach was employed using a survey method. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with the assistance of SmartPLS software. The results indicate that training and work discipline have a positive and significant effect on work motivation. Furthermore, training, work discipline, and work motivation positively and significantly affect ASN performance. Work motivation is proven to mediate the relationship between training and work discipline on ASN performance. These findings suggest that improving ASN performance can be achieved through strengthening training quality, enforcing work discipline, and enhancing work motivation simultaneously.

This research aims to analyze the impact of environmental performance and capital structure on firm value, with financial performance as a mediating variable, in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The integration of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) aspects in business strategy has become a critical issue amid regulatory pressures and stakeholder expectations for sustainable business practices. Nevertheless, the debate regarding the relationship between environmental investments and economic value creation remains ongoing, particularly in the context of capital markets in emerging markets. This research adopts a quantitative approach with a causal design. The sample consists of 50 manufacturing companies with the Corporate Environmental Performance Rating Program (PROPER) rating for 2023, selected through purposive sampling. Secondary data were collected from audited financial statements, annual reports, and official regulatory websites. Variables were measured using PROPER scores for environmental performance, Debt-to-Equity Ratio (DER) for capital structure, Return on Assets (ROA) for financial performance, and Price-to-Book Value (PBV) for firm value. Data analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) through SmartPLS 4.0 software.

This study aims to describe the appreciation of the exemplary role of the Virgin Mary in building harmonious families in the St. Paul Sampun Congregation. In the Catholic tradition, Mary is seen as a model of faith, love, faithfulness, and humility. These values ​​inspire Catholics in building family lives rooted in God's love. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques consisting of in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation of Catholics who are considered to have a deep spirituality towards Mary. The results show that Mary's exemplary role is concretely lived in the lives of the congregation's families, reflected through four main dimensions: hope in God, a spirit of mutual support, sincere love, and humility. Catholic families in the St. Paul Sampun Congregation cultivate the habit of praying together, building caring and understanding relationships, and demonstrating an attitude of mutual forgiveness in their daily lives. These values ​​align with Mary's example of faithfully accompanying Jesus throughout all stages of His life. Thus, appreciation for Mary's exemplary role proves to be a solid foundation in building harmonious, faith-filled, and loving Catholic families. It is hoped that these findings will enrich the pastoral development of families and strengthen the spirituality of the congregation in family life.

The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has created new opportunities for church ministry, particularly as a medium for congregational spiritual formation. However, empirical evidence regarding its effectiveness in enhancing spiritual awareness remains limited, especially within the context of local churches in Indonesia. This study aims to examine the influence of digital literacy, participation in church-based digital technology training, the frequency of AI application use for spiritual activities, perceptions of AI effectiveness, and church leadership support on congregational spiritual awareness. A quantitative survey was conducted involving 140 young adult members of the Indonesian Baptist Church of Bogor selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results indicate that the five independent variables collectively contribute to spiritual awareness, explaining 84.3% of the variance. Nevertheless, only church leadership support has a statistically significant partial effect on spiritual awareness, whereas digital literacy, digital technology training, AI usage, and perceptions of AI effectiveness do not show significant individual effects. These findings suggest that AI functions primarily as a supporting medium for spiritual formation, while its effectiveness depends largely on church leadership in directing its use according to biblical values and the spiritual development of the congregation. This study provides practical implications for churches in designing digital ministry strategies that integrate technological innovation with Christ-centered spiritual formation..

This study aimed to examine the condition of the school environment, determine the level of students' social self-concept, and analyze the influence of the school environment on students' social self-concept at St. Agustinus V Catholic Elementary School, Tomohon. This study employed a quantitative approach using an ex post facto correlational research design. The sample consisted of 77 students selected through a saturated sampling technique. Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, prerequisite tests, simple linear regression, the t-test, and the coefficient of determination. The findings revealed that the school environment was categorized as moderate, with a mean score of 53.01, while the students' social self-concept was also categorized as moderate, with a mean score of 49.42. The results of the simple linear regression analysis produced the equation Y = 3.143 + 0.873X, indicating that the school environment had a positive effect on students' social self-concept. Furthermore, the t-test yielded a significance value of 0.000 (< 0.05), indicating a positive and statistically significant effect of the school environment on students' social self-concept. The coefficient of determination (R²) was 0.451, indicating that the school environment accounted for 45.1% of the variance in students' social self-concept, while the remaining 54.9% was explained by other factors not examined in this study.

Hypertension is defined as an increase in systolic blood pressure of more than 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure of more than 90 mmHg, measured twice at a five-minute interval while the individual is at rest. One of the major risk factors for hypertension is an unhealthy dietary pattern, including excessive salt intake, high-fat food consumption, and insufficient intake of fruits and vegetables. Hypertension can occur in all population groups, including pre-elderly and elderly individuals. Elderly people experience a decline in physical function, increased susceptibility to diseases, environmental changes, reduced mobility, and various physiological changes that affect their health status. Pre-elderly refers to individuals aged 45–59 years who begin to experience the aging process. This study aimed to determine and analyze the relationship between dietary patterns and the incidence of hypertension among pre-elderly and elderly individuals in Keureutou Village, North Aceh. This research employed a descriptive quantitative method with a correlational analytical approach to examine the relationship between two categorical variables, namely dietary patterns and the incidence of hypertension.

Climate change and environmental degradation have become significant challenges affecting environmental sustainability and long-term food security. Tree planting programs have been widely implemented as an environmental conservation strategy; however, empirical evaluations of their implementation and effectiveness remain limited. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of a tree seedling planting program conducted through collaboration between the Ministry of Environment and Forestry and three higher education institutions in Indonesia. A Convergent Parallel Mixed Methods approach was employed by integrating quantitative and qualitative data collected through field observations, interviews, documentation, and administrative records. Quantitative analysis assessed planting performance based on the number of seedlings distributed, planted, and surviving, while qualitative analysis explored program implementation and monitoring processes. The findings indicate that all administrative requirements and planting procedures were successfully fulfilled. A total of 12,000 tree seedlings were distributed and planted across three locations, with a 100% survival rate recorded during the monitoring period. Field observations confirmed that geotagging documentation, monitoring activities, and institutional collaboration contributed significantly to program accountability and implementation success. The study concludes that systematic monitoring and evaluation strengthen environmental conservation programs by ensuring planting compliance and supporting environmental sustainability and food security. The findings provide practical implications for improving monitoring mechanisms in future community-based environmental conservation initiatives.

This study aims to compare the intrinsic elements of Bumi Cinta and Ketika Cinta Bertasbih by Habiburrahman El Shirazy using a structural literary approach. A qualitative descriptive method with comparative analysis was employed to examine the similarities and differences in theme, characterization, plot, setting, point of view, language style, and moral message. The data consisted of textual excerpts selected from both novels and analyzed based on the structural theory of fiction proposed by Nurgiyantoro. The findings indicate that both novels consistently promote Islamic values through themes of faith, love, and moral integrity while employing similar narrative perspectives and religious language styles. However, they differ in narrative setting, plot structure, character development, and conflict. Bumi Cinta portrays the struggle to maintain faith within a secular environment, whereas Ketika Cinta Bertasbih emphasizes responsibility, perseverance, and spiritual maturity in a religious setting. These findings demonstrate Habiburrahman El Shirazy's ability to express consistent ideological values through diverse narrative structures, thereby contributing to comparative literary studies and the appreciation of contemporary Indonesian Islamic fiction.

Interpersonal communication among blind individuals relies heavily on auditory information because visual cues such as facial expressions, eye contact, and body language are inaccessible. Consequently, paralinguistic cues, particularly vocal tone, become the primary means of interpreting communicative intentions and emotions. This study aims to conceptually examine the role of paralinguistic perception in interpersonal communication among blind individuals through a narrative literature review. Relevant literature from communication studies, psychology, neuroscience, and disability studies was synthesized using a qualitative conceptual approach to explain the relationship between auditory compensation, vocal perception, and pragmatic interpretation. The findings indicate that cross-modal neuroplasticity enhances auditory sensitivity, enabling blind individuals to perceive subtle vocal variations. However, communication misunderstandings may still occur when vocal tone is inconsistent with the speaker's intended meaning because visual confirmation is unavailable. This study proposes an interdisciplinary conceptual framework demonstrating how visual impairment, auditory compensation, paralinguistic perception, and pragmatic interpretation collectively influence interpersonal communication. The findings provide theoretical contributions to communication studies and practical implications for promoting more inclusive and effective communication with blind individuals.

Population growth and increased community mobility have contributed to high traffic density in Bekasi, which has also driven the growth of online transportation services such as online motorcycle taxis. Online motorcycle taxi drivers face various work demands, such as income targets, time pressure, and heavy traffic conditions, which can cause job stress and affect their driving behavior. The purpose of this study is to assess the links between job stress and aggressive driving in online motorcycle taxi drivers at the Bekasi Station  Shelter. This study was conducted using a quantitative, correlational design. The study respondents were 107 online motorcycle taxi drivers at the Gojek Shelter at Bekasi Station, selected using total sampling. The research instruments consisted modified of a job stress scale and aggressive driving scale. Data were analyzed using Spearman’s rho correlation. The results indicated a significant positive relationship between job stress and aggressive driving (r = 0.381; p < 0.05). This means that the higher the level of job stress experienced, the greater the tendency for drivers to engage in aggressive driving, and vice versa. These findings may serve as useful input for both companies and online motorcycle taxi drivers in developing strategies and policies to manage stress and ensure driving safety.

Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa menghormati guru adalah indikator fundamental dari akhlakul karimah (akhlak mulia) dalam pendidikan Islam, namun realitas saat ini menunjukkan adanya penurunan adab di kalangan siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Penerapan Kesadaran Siswa untuk Menghormati Guru dalam Membentuk Sikap Akhlakul Karimah Kelas X di MA Al Ihsan Kalijaring. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Dengan desain survei dan melibatkan beberapa responden dan informan supaya data yang didapat bisa sesuai dengan masalah yang ada. Sumber data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara langsung kepada (Guru Akhlak PAI dan Wali Kelas X) dan observasi partisipasi. Data sekunder berupa catatan dan dokumentasi siswa. Analisis data dilakukan secara interaktif melalui reduksi data, dan penarikan kesimpulan secara induktif.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu membahas secara detail terkait adab dalam menghormati Guru. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan praktis bagi sekolah dan guru dalam memperkuat budaya adab dan memperkaya literatur pendidikan Islam tentang pentingnya kesadaran diri siswa. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, dan dianalisis dengan teknik Triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Tingkat kesadaran siswa memang sangat penting dan peran dari guru tetap harus ikut andil dalam meningkatkan kesadaran tersebut yaitu dalam hal menghormati guru. Simpulan penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya menghormati guru bagi para pendidik sehingga ilmu yang di dapatkan dapat bermanfaat. Implikasi penelitian inj diharapkan dapat memberikan gambaran bagi peneliti lain tentang pentingnya kesadaran dalam menghormati guru serta menunjukan bahwa keberhasilan pembentukan karakkter tidak hanya di pengaruhi oleh  peran guru atau lingkungan sekolah, tetapi juga kesadaran yang timbul dari dalam diri siswa.

The division of nagari is a decentralization policy aimed at improving the effectiveness of governance, bringing public services closer to the community, and accelerating development and community empowerment. However, the implementation of this policy does not always have the same impact on every area resulting from the division. This study aims to analyze the impact of the division of Muaro Kiawai Barat Nagari on governance in Gunung Tuleh Subdistrict, West Pasaman Regency, and to identify the challenges faced following the division. The study employs a qualitative approach using a descriptive research design. Research informants were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, then analyzed using qualitative data analysis techniques with validity testing through source triangulation. The results of the study indicate that the village division has had a positive impact on governance, as evidenced by increased accessibility of public services to the community, development initiatives that are more responsive to community needs, enhanced community development efforts, and the implementation of community empowerment programs. On the other hand, there are still negative impacts in the form of development constraints due to limited budgets and the lack of optimal sustainability of community empowerment programs because Nagari-Owned Enterprises (BUMN) have not yet been established. The main challenges faced by the nagari government are budget constraints and the suboptimal management of community empowerment programs.

Cyberloafing is viewed as an employee's entertainment when feeling fatigued from various tasks and responsibilities in the workplace. This research aims to examine the influence of Role Overload, Role Conflict, and Role Ambiguity on cyberloafing with job stress. The study utilizes structural equation model (SEM) testing using AMOS software. Data collection is conducted through an online survey with a total of 127 respondents. Based on the test results, it is found that role conflict and role ambiguity do not have an influence on cyberloafing, while job stress and role overload have a positive and significant impact on cyberloafing. Based on the research findings, the practical implications of this study encourage companies to develop and implement more effective stress management and workload policies.  

This study analyzes the influence of transformational leadership and work motivation on employee performance with organizational commitment as an intervening variable in public sector organizations. Using an explanatory quantitative approach, data were collected through a Likert scale questionnaire and analyzed with Partial Least Squares (SmartPLS) to test the direct and indirect effects between variables. The results show that transformational leadership and work motivation both have a positive and significant effect on employee performance; in addition, both also have a significant effect on organizational commitment. Organizational commitment was found to partially mediate the relationship between transformational leadership and work motivation with employee performance, so that the influence of leadership is dual (direct and indirect), while the influence of work motivation is strengthened when accompanied by an increase in organizational commitment. These findings reinforce the role of organizational commitment as an important psychological mechanism and recommend integrated managerial strategies to develop inspirational leadership, increase motivation, and build employee engagement to optimize performance in public institutions.

This study aims to analyze the impact of immersive commerce and augmented reality (AR) on consumer trust in e-commerce transactions using secondary industry data from the BrandXR 2025 Research on Augmented Reality in Retail & E-Commerce. Quantitative data was analyzed descriptively to evaluate the adoption rate of immersive technologies (immersive commerce and AR) and their relationship with consumer trust perceptions. The results show that immersive commerce, characterized by interactive and realistic user experiences, has a positive impact on consumer trust. Similarly, AR which offers realistic product visualization, has a significant impact on strengthening consumer trust in purchasing decisions. Simultaneously, the integration of immersive commerce and AR enhance the digital shopping experience, which can reduce risk perception and increase trust in online transactions. These findings empirically contribute to the literature on digital consumer behavior and e-commerce strategies, and suggest that businesses adopt immersive technologies to increase consumer trust and engagement in the online commerce ecosystem.

Transformer-based models such as BERT, RoBERTa, DistilBERT, and DeBERTa have achieved remarkable performance across a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, their decision-making processes remain difficult to interpret, particularly in high-risk applications such as hate speech detection, where unreliable explanations may undermine model transparency, trust, and accountability. This study investigates whether explainability methods remain faithful and stable under domain shift in transformer-based text classification. Four transformer architectures were fine-tuned and evaluated on two linguistically distinct datasets: IMDb Movie Reviews and Hate Speech Offensive. Model performance and explanation quality were assessed using classification accuracy, macro F1-score, top-k token-removal faithfulness analysis, and cross-domain Spearman rank correlation. Experimental results show that DeBERTa achieved the highest classification performance, reaching accuracies of 95.6% on IMDb and 91.3% on Hate Speech. Across all evaluated models and datasets, SHAP consistently produced higher faithfulness scores than attention-based explanations. Cross-domain analysis further revealed reduced agreement between SHAP and attention-based explanations under domain shift, indicating lower explanation consistency across linguistically distinct domains. Qualitative error analysis further showed that implicit sentiment, sarcasm, and domain-specific slang remain major sources of prediction errors. Overall, the results demonstrate that superior predictive performance does not necessarily correspond to higher explanation faithfulness or stronger cross-domain stability. These findings highlight the importance of jointly evaluating predictive performance, explanation faithfulness, and explanation robustness when developing trustworthy transformer-based NLP systems.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that requires long-term pharmacological therapy, increasing the risk of Drug Related Problems (DRPs). DRPs can affect the success of therapy, increase the risk of complications, and reduce the patient's quality of life. This article aims to identify the use of antidiabetic drugs, the characteristics of DRPs, and their clinical implications. The method used was a literature review of articles from 2016-2026 that are relevant to the analysis of DRPs in diabetes mellitus patients. The results of the study indicate that metformin is the most widely used antidiabetic drug, both as a single therapy and in combination. The dominant types of DRPs include drug interactions, inappropriate drug selection, inappropriate dosages, omissions from therapy, and use of drugs without indications. These DRPs can cause hypoglycemia, failure to achieve glycemic control targets, an increased risk of complications, and increased duration and cost of treatment. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that DRPs remain a challenge in the management of diabetes mellitus therapy, requiring more optimal monitoring and an active role of pharmacists through medication review to improve the safety, effectiveness, and quality of treatment.

This quantitative study examines the impact of transactional leadership and reward systems on employees' extrinsic motivation at PT Konigs Multi Teknik, addressing earlier observations of low staff motivation. Utilizing a saturated sampling technique, the research involved the entire company population of 31 employees. Data collected through five-point Likert-scale questionnaires were analyzed via multiple linear regression using SPSS version 27, successfully satisfying all required classical assumption tests The partial test (t-test) results revealed that both transactional leadership and rewards exert a positive and significant influence on extrinsic motivation, with rewards standing out as the more dominant factor. Furthermore, the simultaneous test (F-test) confirmed that both variables jointly and significantly drive employee motivation, accounting for exactly 80.9 percent of its variance according to the adjusted R-square value. Ultimately, these findings suggest that companies must strategically combine consistent transactional leadership practices with a fair, transparent reward system to effectively boost overall motivation.

Teacher performance is one of the key factors in determining the quality of education and the achievement of school objectives. Several factors that are assumed to influence teacher performance include transformational leadership style, work motivation, and work discipline. This study aims to analyze the effect of transformational leadership style, work motivation, and work discipline on teacher performance at SMK Negeri 1 Musuk Boyolali. The research employed a quantitative method with descriptive and verificative approaches. The population consisted of 50 teachers, and all members of the population were selected as respondents using a saturated sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS version 25. The results revealed that work motivation had a positive and significant effect on teacher performance. In contrast, transformational leadership style and work discipline did not have a significant partial effect on teacher performance. However, simultaneously, transformational leadership style, work motivation, and work discipline significantly affected teacher performance. The Adjusted R Square value of 0.324 indicates that these three variables explain 32.4% of the variation in teacher performance, while the remaining 67.6% is influenced by other factors outside the scope of this study. The findings imply that enhancing work motivation should be prioritized in efforts to improve teacher performance, while leadership and work discipline should continue to be strengthened to support a more effective working environment.

This research is motivated by the importance of the role of learning motivation as the main determinant of students' academic success, which is not only influenced by the school environment but also significantly determined by parental upbringing at home. At SMA Negeri 1 Kasongan, a phenomenon of diverse levels of learning motivation among tenth-grade students was found, where some students are active and diligent, while others are less disciplined, rarely attend, and even prefer to work. The main objective of this research is to conduct an in-depth analysis of the application of parenting styles and their contribution to shaping the learning motivation of tenth-grade students in the subject of Christian Religious Education. The research approach used is descriptive qualitative with purposive sampling technique. “Primary data were collected thru non-participant observation and semi-structured interviews with students and teachers, which were then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model”. The research results show that parents apply three types of parenting styles, namely “democratic, authoritarian, and permissive”, with the democratic parenting style being the most dominantly applied model. In general, students' learning motivation is at a fairly good level. Democratic parenting has proven to be the most effective in fostering high learning motivation because it successfully creates a balance between aspects of freedom, attention, open communication, and supervision. In contrast, authoritarian parenting tends to trigger extrinsic motivation to avoid punishment, while permissive parenting leads to low responsibility and discipline in students' learning due to minimal control.