This research is motivated by the low learning outcomes of students and the lack of student learning outcomes in learning and the use of learning methods that are less influential in improving student learning outcomes in paying attention to the material presented by the teacher. This study aims to determine and describe how efforts to improve the learning outcomes of fourth-grade students at SDK WESOER in the science subject about Energy and its changes by using the Experimental Method. This research is a classroom action research (CAR), the data collection instruments used are observation, interviews, documentation, and tests. This research consists of 2 cycles, each cycle consisting of 1 meeting. Each cycle consists of the planning, observation, implementation, and reflection stages. The results of the study indicate that the use of the experimental method can improve student learning outcomes on the sub-theme of energy and its changes in fourth grade at SDK Wesoer. Before conducting the research, researchers conducted observations. During the learning process, the teacher did not use the experimental method on the material of energy and its changes, so from 25 students only 8 students got a complete score reaching the KKM with a percentage of 32%, and 17 students got an incomplete score not reaching the KKM with a percentage of 68%. After conducting research using the experimental method on energy and its transformations, in Cycle I, 14 students achieved a passing grade and achieved the Minimum Completion Minimum (KKM) with a percentage of 56%, while 11 students received an incomplete grade, failing to achieve the KKM with a percentage of 44%. In Cycle II, the learning outcomes improved further, with 20 students achieving a passing grade with a percentage of 80%, and 5 students receiving an incomplete grade with a percentage of 20%.

Exclusive breastfeeding coverage remains a challenge in several areas, including Bojongkerta Village, within the Cipaku Community Health Center (Puskesmas) jurisdiction, South Bogor District, Bogor City. Lack of knowledge, high levels of stress during breastfeeding, and minimal family support are often major obstacles to successful exclusive breastfeeding. One approach that can be applied to address these issues is hypnobreastfeeding, a relaxation technique combined with positive affirmations to support mothers' readiness to breastfeed. The objective of this activity is to increase the capacity of breastfeeding mothers in exclusive breastfeeding through community-based hypnobreastfeeding training, which also involves Posyandu RW 1 cadres as the main supporting partners of the activity. The method used in this activity involves three stages: first, education and training in hypnobreastfeeding techniques for breastfeeding mothers; second, practical mentoring by lecturers involving students from the Midwifery Diploma Three Program at Ummi University Bogor; and third, evaluation of results through knowledge measurement and observation of breastfeeding practices. A total of 10 breastfeeding mothers and 4 Posyandu cadres participated in this activity. The evaluation results showed an increase in understanding of the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding and a positive change in attitudes towards breastfeeding practices. Furthermore, the active involvement of Posyandu cadres is expected to strengthen ongoing support at the community level. In conclusion, the hypnobreastfeeding training had a positive impact on empowering breastfeeding mothers and strengthening the role of Posyandu cadres as supporters of the exclusive breastfeeding program at the community level. This program also has the potential to expand the reach of education about exclusive breastfeeding and increase the success of sustainable exclusive breastfeeding in the community.

This research is motivated by the low ability to write short stories in students, which is thought to be caused by the use of learning methods and media that are less varied and have not been able to stimulate students' imagination and creativity optimally. To overcome this problem, the application of innovative learning strategies is needed, one of which is the use of storyboard techniques. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of storyboard techniques on the ability to write short stories of class X students of SMK Tritech Informatika Medan. The method used in this study is a quantitative method with a quasi-experimental design, specifically the Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The sample in this study amounted to 42 students who were divided into two groups, namely the experimental group who were given treatment using the storyboard technique and the control group who used conventional methods. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews, short story writing tests, and documentation. The data obtained were analyzed using normality tests, homogeneity tests, and t-tests (independent samples t-test). The results showed that there was a significant difference between the posttest scores of the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group experienced an average score increase of 18.81 points, while the control group only increased by 9.76 points. The t-test results showed a t-value of 2.677 and a significance level of p = 0.011 (p < 0.05), indicating that the storyboard technique had a significant effect on students' short story writing skills. Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of the storyboard technique is effective in improving students' creative writing skills. The implication of this finding is that the storyboard technique can be used as an alternative, creative and innovative learning strategy in writing instruction at the Vocational High School (SMK) level.

The Israeli-Palestinian conflict has drawn global attention for decades, involving not only states but also international organizations, individuals, and non-governmental organizations. Media coverage often simplifies the conflict as Israeli Defense Force (IDF) vs Hamas or Jews vs Arabs. However, Afro-Palestinian communities face layered oppression that goes underreported—experiencing marginalization both as Black people and as Palestinians. This study aims to analyze how the Black Women Radicals (BWR) movement advocates for Afro-Palestinians through a transnational and intersectional feminist lens. Using an integrative review method, this study systematically examines data such as advocacy manifestos, organizational campaigns, and scholarly articles. Findings show that BWR’s initiatives highlight the intersection of race, nationality, and gender within systems of oppression. Kimberlé Crenshaw’s theory of intersectionality becomes crucial in interpreting BWR’s advocacy as a response to Afro-Palestinians’ structural invisibility and multidimensional subjugation.Konflik Israel dan Palestina telah menjadi perhatian global selama beberapa dekade, melibatkan negara, organisasi internasional, individu, hingga lembaga non-pemerintah. Media kerap membingkai konflik ini secara biner sebagai Israel Defense Force (IDF) melawan Hamas atau Yahudi melawan Arab. Namun, kelompok Afro-Palestina mengalami opresi berlapis yang luput dari pemberitaan utama—sebagai warga Palestina sekaligus ras kulit hitam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana gerakan Black Women Radicals (BWR) melakukan advokasi terhadap Afro-Palestina melalui pendekatan feminisme interseksional dan advokasi transnasional. Menggunakan metode integrative review, studi ini mengkaji berbagai data seperti manifesto advokasi, kampanye organisasi, dan artikel akademik. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa inisiatif BWR menyoroti pertemuan antara ras, kewarganegaraan, dan gender dalam sistem penindasan struktural. Teori interseksionalitas dari Kimberlé Crenshaw penting untuk memahami advokasi BWR sebagai respons terhadap ketaknampakan struktural dan subordinasi multidimensi yang dialami Afro-Palestina.

This study aims to identify and measure the influence of customer relationships, customer satisfaction, and brand image on customer loyalty at Ryandini’s Sweet Chicken Claw business, located in Sei Sijenggi Village, Hamlet III, Perbaungan District, Serdang Bedagai Regency. A quantitative research method was employed, with data collected through observation, documentation, and questionnaires. The questionnaires used a Likert scale as a measurement tool to assess respondents’ opinions accurately. Data analysis was conducted using several stages, including validity and reliability tests, classical assumption testing, and multiple linear regression analysis, processed through SPSS version 22. These methods were used to ensure the validity of the instrument and the consistency of the findings. The research findings demonstrate that customer relationships have a significant and positive effect on customer loyalty. Customers who feel connected and valued by the business are more likely to remain loyal. Likewise, customer satisfaction—reflecting the extent to which customers' expectations are met or exceeded—has a strong and positive influence on loyalty. In addition, the brand image of the business, which encompasses customer perceptions and reputation of the product, also significantly influences loyalty in a positive direction. Furthermore, the simultaneous analysis of customer relationships, customer satisfaction, and brand image shows that all three variables jointly have a significant and positive impact on customer loyalty. This means that enhancing these three factors can strengthen customer retention and long-term commitment. These results provide valuable insights for small business owners in the food and beverage industry. Focusing on building strong relationships with customers, consistently delivering satisfaction, and maintaining a positive brand image are essential strategies to increase loyalty. For Ryandini’s Sweet Chicken Claw and similar businesses, these findings offer practical guidance for developing customer-centered marketing strategies in an increasingly competitive market.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of Canva and Nearpod digital platforms in supporting the strengthening of students' character at the elementary school level. Character education is a fundamental aspect in the formation of students' personalities who have integrity, toughness, and adaptability to the development of the times. In the digital era, interactive learning media is an important means to instill character values in a more interesting and contextual way. The method used is Classroom Action Research (PTK) which is carried out in two cycles, with the research subjects consisting of teachers, class V students, and students' parents. The learning process is designed to blend character education content with the use of Canva as a creative visual medium, as well as Nearpod as an interactive presentation tool that allows students to be active through online quizzes, assignments, and reflections. The results of the study showed a marked increase in students' learning motivation, attitude of responsibility, discipline, cooperation in groups, and the ability to make decisions independently. Parental involvement in digital learning also supports the consistency of character strengthening at home. However, the study also noted several challenges, such as the limitations of technological devices, unstable internet networks, and variations in students' and parents' digital literacy abilities. Recommended solutions include intensive training for teachers in the use of digital media, improved support facilities in schools, as well as a collaborative approach between teachers and parents. Thus, the integrated use of Canva and Nearpod not only supports mastery of academic materials, but also significantly strengthens students' character values holistically. This study is expected to be a reference in the development of digital learning innovations oriented towards character education at the elementary level.

The digital design of cultural museums with an interactive and educational approach in Indramayu Regency aims to present a modern, innovative, and interesting cultural preservation space. This concept was born from the urgent need for a means that are able to preserve, document, and promote local cultural wealth in the midst of the rapid flow of globalization. The lack of cultural literacy among the public, especially the younger generation, as well as the loss of historical objects due to inadequate storage facilities, are the main reasons for the importance of developing digital-based museums. Through an interactive approach, visitors can actively engage with cultural collections using advanced technologies such as augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and interactive multimedia. This technology provides an immersive, engaging, and personalized learning experience, so that visitors not only see, but also virtually experience the richness of the culture on display. Meanwhile, the educational approach is designed to create an informative, collaborative, and fun learning environment, which is highly relevant for learners and the younger generation as the successors of cultural preservation. Indramayu Regency, known for its long history, maritime traditions, and distinctive coastal culture, has great potential to become a center for cultural education. This digital museum will utilize digital technology to document cultural narratives in depth, so that it can be accessed not only by local people, but also national and international tourists. With its strategic location in the city center, the presence of this museum is expected to encourage the participation of the public and tourists in understanding, appreciating, and preserving the local culture of Indramayu. Apart from being an educational facility, this museum is expected to be able to become a driver of local tourism that makes a positive contribution to the economy of the surrounding community. Digital cultural museums are not only a place for preservation, but also a symbol of a strong regional identity, reflecting the synergy between technological innovation and commitment to cultural sustainability in the modern era.

The increase in uric acid levels in the elderly (gout arthritis) can cause physical mobility impairments, requiring the role of nurses to address them. The aim of this study is to implement nursing care for physical mobility disorders through a combination therapy of warm ginger compresses and Range of Motion (ROM) exercises at Rumah Asuh Anak Lansia Griya Asih Lawang. The study design is a case study. The respondents were three elderly individuals with gout arthritis. The nursing interventions provided included identifying pain or other physical complaints, assessing physical tolerance for movement, monitoring blood pressure before starting mobilization, monitoring general conditions during mobilization, facilitating mobilization activities with assistive devices, providing non-pharmacological techniques to reduce pain (warm ginger compresses) for 10 consecutive days, facilitating ROM exercises for 10 consecutive days, explaining the objectives and procedures of mobilization, and teaching simple mobilization techniques to be performed. After intervention and nursing approach for 10 days, physical mobility disorders decreased as indicated by a decrease in acid levels in patient 1 with a value of 10.2 mg/dl, patient 2 9.4 mg/dl and patient 9.8 mg/dl as well as muscle strength in patients 1 5/5 and 5/4, patient 2 5/5 and 4/5, patient 3 5/4 and 4/4.  Warm ginger compress therapy and ROM exercises can be used as an intervention to reduce physical mobility disorders

Religious education plays a crucial role in shaping students' character and instilling moral and spiritual values. This study aims to analyze the implementation of religious education policies in schools, focusing on the effectiveness of implementation, challenges faced by teachers and institutions, and its impact on students. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method with data collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings indicate that although religious education policies are formally included in the curriculum, their implementation in practice still faces several obstacles, such as limited resources, lack of teacher training, and diverse religious backgrounds of students. Recommendations include improving teacher training, strengthening the curriculum, and adopting an inclusive approach that respects religious diversity.
 

 This study aims to describe the process of basic video editing training using Adobe Premiere as a medium to strengthen the non-technical skills (soft skills) of vocational high school (SMK) students. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, conducted through a two-day seminar and hands-on practice. The training materials included an introduction to the Adobe Premiere interface, basic video editing tools, and skill implementation through group projects. The results showed improvement not only in students’ technical abilities in video editing but also in the development of soft skills such as teamwork, time management, visual communication, and creativity. Students responded positively, and teachers considered the training effective for integrating technology, creative expression, and project-based learning. Overall, the training not only introduced Adobe Premiere as a technical tool but also served as a platform for strengthening soft skills that are relevant to the demands of the digital-era workforce.