MSMEs are very important for Indonesia because almost 60% of GDP is dominated by this sector. But in the process of running MSMEs in Nangsri Kebakkramat village, there are still don't understand how to promote appropriately according to the type of product being marketed, starting from increasing production costs, distribution systems, and most importantly, the lack of consumer knowledge about the products being sold.. This service aims to provide knowledge and training in creating advertising content and maximizing the use of promotional media. The method used the counseling method for an initial introduction to creating advertising content. Apart from providing material, the PKM team also provides practical methods or training on how to create advertising content and digital product marketing. It is hoped that MSME can carry out this service while running their businesses.using information technology to market products to a wider market online and offline.

This research aims to describe the leadership of teachers that has been taking place in schools, identify the weaknesses in teachers' educational leadership, and develop a self-learning module on competence-based education leadership to enhance teachers' personal competencies. The research method used a Mixed Method (Sequential) approach with a research and development (R&D) design based on Sugiyono's model integrated with the ADDIE model, consisting of the following five stages: 1) analysis; 2) design; 3) development; 4) implementation; and 5) evaluation. This study was conducted in three public elementary schools in the city of Soe. The research and development period started from July 2022 to May 2023. The research subjects consisted of 15 teachers from three different elementary schools: SD Inpres Oeusapi, SD Inpres Sonapolen, and SD Inpres Tubuhue. The research findings indicate that the educational leadership of teachers in schools is very low, where teachers demonstrate a lack of personality as leaders in the school, lack discipline in terms of time and responsibilities, tend to be individualistic, and have poor communication with fellow teachers. There are weaknesses in educational leadership, as teachers have a lack of knowledge about educational leadership, as evidenced by the absence of books or modules on teacher leadership in the school. Additionally, teachers have insufficient coordination skills with fellow teachers and students, as well as a lack of training on educational leadership in schools. The development of the self-learning module received high validation results from content experts (89.7%), module experts (85.19%), and a questionnaire response from 15 teachers (86.33%).
 

Bullying behavior in the school environment is a serious challenge that affects students' welfare and creates a learning environment that is not conducive. This research aims to investigate the dynamics of bullying behavior, focusing on identifying the perpetrator, protecting the victim's right to life, and implementing just, civilized humanity in the educational context. Qualitative research methods were used, by exploring data from document studies, including school policies, bullying incident reports, and student behavior records. The research results show the complexity of the factors driving bullying behavior, involving social inequality, family problems, and a lack of awareness of the consequences of actions. Protection of victims' rights to life is proven to need improvement through evaluating school policies and implementing effective reporting procedures. The implementation of just, civilized human values ??shows positive steps, however, challenges arise in monitoring and evaluating these programs. The conclusions of this research underscore the urgency of involving teachers, school staff and the entire educational community in efforts to prevent and deal with bullying. With a deep understanding of this problem, it is hoped that a safer, more inclusive and humane school environment can be created

In the context of civil law, Tort Law plays an important role in upholding the rights of loss victims. Tort law is rooted in the principle that every individual has the right to live without experiencing interference from the unlawful acts of others. The aim of this research is to find out how Tort Law works in the context of Civil Law: Enforcement of the Rights of Loss Victims. The method used in this research is qualitative research in the nature of library research which uses books and other literature as the main object. Data analysis in this research looks for sources of information regarding tort law in the context of civil law: Enforcement of the Rights of Loss Victims. Based on research results, Tort Law in the context of civil law discusses violations of civil law that cause harm to individuals or property. The principle is to provide compensation to victims who suffer as a result of unlawful actions.

This research aims to determine the impact of lack of transparency in regional financial management on local development and community welfare and accountability will remain a topic of concern in society. The public does not want acts of corruption to occur in government, because acts of corruption will not only be detrimental to state finances, they will also have an impact on hampering state development and reducing the level of social welfare. This type of research is a literature study. Library study activities related to methods of collecting library data, reading and taking notes and processing research materials. The results of the research inform that the phenomenon of non-transparency in the areas of budgeting, personnel, procurement of goods and services is certainly a fact that must be revealed based on the facts that can be observed and witnessed in various implementation of the main duties and functions of government employees. The cause of non-transparency in the various fields mentioned above is because there are factors that hinder the realization of transparency in the implementation of clean, authoritative and responsible regional government. Keywords: Transparency, Finance, Society

This article aims to examine the principle of French religion being secular, or laïcité. France adopted this principle in 1905. This principle separates religious and state affairs, including state interference in religious worship. This principle also aims to protect the freedom of French people to adhere to or not adhere to religion and prevent religion from entering state institutions, one of which is education. The method used in this research is library research, namely a method of collecting data by understanding and studying theories from various literature related to the research.

Comparative law as a science in the Western world is a very young branch of science, only growing rapidly at the end of the 19th century or at the beginning of the 20th century. Previously, efforts had been made to compare several systems with each other, but at that time It cannot be said that research has been carried out using a comparative method carried out systematically and continuously with the aim of achieving a certain goal. The method used is library research, collecting data by searching for sources and constructing them from various sources such as books, journals and existing research. In its development, this legal system recognized the division of public law and private law. Public law includes legal regulations that regulate the power and authority of the ruler/state as well as the relationships between society and the state (the same as public law in the Anglo-Saxon legal system). Private Law includes legal regulations that regulate relationships between individuals in meeting their daily needs. The values ??of the western legal system are not in accordance with the noble values ??of the Indonesian nation, resulting in a gap between the law and the Indonesian society it regulates. The customary law system has its values ??in certain indigenous communities, can only be believed and practiced by indigenous communities, and cannot be ratified as national law, and the Islamic legal system's values ??are believed and practiced by the majority of Indonesian people nationally.

WSN menggunakan jaringan nirkabel untuk menghubungkan node sensor dan sink node. Node sensor bertugas mengumpulkan informasi dengan melakukan sensing terhadap target seperti panas, cahaya, dan suhu. Namun, node sensor memiliki keterbatasan dalam hal memori, sumber daya pengolahan, energi, dan masa pakai, yang dapat mempengaruhi kinerja jaringan, termasuk network lifetime dan packet delivery ratio. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan protokol yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kinerja jaringan WSN. Salah satu penelitian untuk meningkatkan kinerja jaringan adalah menggunakan Shortest Geopath Routing (SGP) berbasis tetangga terdekat dan lokasi. Namun, SGP memiliki permasalahan seperti seringnya terjadi kongesti yang menyebabkan packet drop dan kegagalan pengiriman data saat terjadi Routing hole. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini melakukan protokol SGP dengan mekanisme Swing routing untuk meningkatkan kinerja jaringan WSN. Dalam mengatasi Routing hole, Swing routing Protocol juga melakukan pencarian jalur alternatif dengan memilih node berdasarkan lokasi koordinat terdekat dengan sink node. Hasil simulasi menggunakan simulator SIDnet-SWAN menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Swing routing Protocol dapat mengurangi warning congestion dalam jaringan sebesar rata-rata 10 node, meningkatkan network lifetime sebesar 5.27% (14 menit), dan meningkatkan packet delivery ratio sebesar 8.27% dibandingkan dengan protokol SGP. Dalam penanganan Routing hole, Swing routing Protocol mendapatkan rata-rata packet delivery ratio sebesar 21.77% dibandingkan dengan protokol SGP.

Dalam tahun tahun terakhir ini  teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (TIK) telah memasuki seluruh elemen kehidupan, yang menyebabkan perubahan pada pola kehidupan sosial dan ekonomi, dan juga pada bidang pendidikan. TIK telah meresap memasuki kehidupan sehari-hari, dan penggunaannya menjadi persyaratan mendasar dalam proses  pendidikan yang bermutu. Pendidikan yang bermutu sendiri akan terjamin oleh guru-guru yang berkompeten di bidangnya . IN HOUSE TRAINING (IHT) dalam rangka PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI GURU  pada lembaga SDIP H.M Subandi Kab. Semarang ditujukan  dalam usaha peningkatan  kinerja dan performa para guru di SDIP H.M Subandi Wilayah Kab. Semarang. Kegiatan ini didasarkan dari hasil observasi yang menunjukkan masih minimnya pengetahuan di bidang Teknologi Informasi yang dimiliki  Kepala Sekolah setempat beserta Guru tentang teknologi informasi, khususnya terkait kesulitan dalam pembuatan soal-soal secara Online atau CBT. peserta pelatihan merasa terpuaskan dengan adanya Program In House Training (IHT) Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru Dalam Pemanfaatan IT ini  karena melalui program ini mereka telah dapat mempraktekkan dalam pelatihan dan telah menguasai pengaplikasian ilmu yang diperoleh  dalam materi pelajaran dalam upaya meningkatkan skill dan performa guru   dalam menggunakan Teknologi Informasi.
 
 

Poverty is a multidimensional and multisector problem that concerns human dignity. Therefore, poverty alleviation efforts must be implemented in a comprehensive and integrated manner. This research was conducted to find out the influence of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), regional spending and education on the poverty level of Jember Regency in 2011 to 2020, both partially and simultaneously. The data used by researchers is secondary data obtained from the Jember Regency Central Statistics Agency (BPS) website and the Directorate General of Financial Balance (DJPK) of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia. This quantitative research method uses multiple linear regression analysis with the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) model and is assisted by the SPSS application. The research results show that GRDP and education partially have no effect on the poverty level of Jember Regency, while regional spending has a negative and significant effect on the poverty level of Jember Regency. However, simultaneously, all independent variables have a significant effect on the poverty level of Jember Regency.