Community participation refers to the active involvement of citizens in various stages of the development process, especially at the village level. A concrete example of community participation can be seen in the case study of Bendhung Lepen, located in Mrican Village, Yogyakarta. Bendhung Lepen is an irrigation canal that stems from the Gajah Wong River. Before its revitalization, the area faced numerous environmental problems, primarily due to household waste and pollution that contaminated the waterway and negatively affected the environment and public health. In response to these issues, local residents, along with relevant stakeholders, initiated an environmental conservation program. The main goal of this initiative was to restore the ecological function of Bendhung Lepen and transform it into a clean, green, and beneficial public space for the community. This study aims to measure the level of community participation in the environmental conservation program. Data collection methods included questionnaires for quantitative analysis and in-depth interviews for qualitative insights into community involvement. The results of the study show that community members were actively involved in various phases of the program, including planning, implementation, and evaluation. Stakeholders involved in the program included community leaders, youth groups, environmental organizations, and village officials. The forms of participation extended beyond voicing aspirations to contributing labor (through mutual cooperation) and materials (such as donations or supplies). According to Arnstein’s ladder of participation, the level of community participation in this conservation program falls under the category of "delegated power," which represents a high degree of participation. This means that the community was not merely involved as passive participants but was given real authority in decision-making and program management. These findings indicate that genuine and sustained community involvement plays a crucial role in the success of local environmental conservation efforts.

This study aims to determine the accountability and transparency in the management of Direct Cash Assistance (BLT) in Kota Raja Village, Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency. This study was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method. The types of data used are primary data and secondary data. The data collection techniques used were questionnaires and observations. The population in this study was The population in this study were 40 village government officials, namely the Village Head, Village Secretary, Planning Head, Finance Head, RT Head, Hamlet Head and BPD members consisting of the BPD Chair, BPD Deputy Chair, BPD Secretary, Several BLT Recipient Communities in Kotar Raja Village. The data analysis method used in this study is a quantitative descriptive method. The results of this study indicate that the management of Direct Cash Assistance (BLT) in Kotar Raja Village has implemented the principles of Accountability and Transparency.

Turmeric and tamarind herbal medicineis a medicinal herb in liquid form that is made from turmeric (Curcuma domestica Val.), and tamarind fruit (Tamarindus indica L.) produced by the home industry. Jamu Gendong does not require a license to distribute, but the quality of herbal medicine must be so that it is safe for consumption. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence or absence of microbial contamination in the form of bacteria and molds/hamirs in the preparation of Jamu Gendong Kunyit Asam circulated in Harjosari I Village, Medan Amplas Subdistrict. The samples were taken from four locations: Jalan Garu II, Garu III, Garu IV, and Garu VI. The total plate count (PCA) test was carried out by dilution of stratified samples using Lactose Broth (LB) media, for bacterial tests 10 -1 to 10-5 dilutions, and for fungal tests 10-1 to 10-3 dilutions. The diluted samples were placed in medium and incubated at 45o±1o in an incubator. The bacterial total plate count was performed using Plate Count Agar (PCA) as the medium. It was incubated at 35-37oC for 24 h, and the mold/fungal test used Potato Dekstro Agar (PDA) as media and incubated at 20-25oC for 48 h. For comparison, we used packaging for herbal medicines purchased from supermarkets. Furthermore, the number of bacteria and fungi in the colon was observed and counted. The results showed fungal contamination in the home industry at Jamu Kunyit Asam. It was a sample collected from Garu II, a sample of 86×103. The samples had many colonists that exceeded the regularity set up in BPOM RI No. 32 of 2019 and SNI 19-2879-1992.

The era of digitalization has a significant impact on various aspects of life, including education. However, the existence of traditional games is increasingly eliminated due to technological developments. This study examines the implementation of the traditional game of ball ball as an interactive learning medium of the earth's gravitational force for elementary / middle school students. Using  the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, this study identifies the benefits of the game of ball ball in improving students' understanding, motivation, and learning outcomes through a fun and interactive approach. The results of the study show that the ball game is able to integrate the concept of the earth's gravitational force in a simple but effective way. The game also facilitates the development of students' cognitive, psychomotor, affective, social, and spiritual aspects. The use of the game of ball in learning not only increases students' interest but also creates an inclusive and collaborative learning environment. The conclusion of this study confirms that the traditional game of bekel ball is an innovative and relevant learning medium in teaching physics concepts, especially the earth's gravitational force. The practical implications can be used as a guideline for educators to develop learning strategies based on local wisdom that support in-depth conceptual understanding. Further research is recommended to explore the potential of other traditional games in the learning of complex science concepts.

This study aims to test the effectiveness of an e-module based on the Ibis Paint X application in improving learning outcomes of participants in the Technical Drawing material of the Fashion Technology vocational program. The research method uses a quantitative approach with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The instruments used include pre-tests and post-tests, as well as user response questionnaires. Data were analyzed using normality, homogeneity, and N-Gain tests. The results show that the use of the e-module significantly improves the understanding of training participants, with high effectiveness based on the N-Gain test results. Additionally, user responses indicate that the e-module is practical and suitable for use in training. These findings suggest that the integration of the Ibis Paint X application in the e-module supports adaptive and effective digital learning in vocational training environments.
 

Students have broad and easy access to various social media platforms, this opens up opportunities for educational institutions and parties involved in the field of religious education to utilize social media as a means of spreading religious values. However, the use of social media in the context of religious education is not without challenges, various aspects such as the accuracy of information, privacy, and the potential for polarization of views are things that need to be considered seriously. To solve the problems faced, the method of distributing questionnaires to students was used, to determine the level of effectiveness of using social media as a means of religious education. The data obtained will be analyzed using validity and reliability tests to find out whether the data can be said to be valid and reliable with the help of SPSS software. Based on the results of the research that has been conducted, it can be concluded that the level of effectiveness of using social media as a means of religious education is high, a number of positive responses from the majority of respondents is proof that social media helps them in studying and understanding religion. The variable data used is declared valid because it has a calculated r value > r table and a significance value < 0.05. Apart from that, the variable data was also declared reliable because it had a Cronbach's alpha value > 0.6. This research aims to analyze the level of effectiveness of using social media as a means of religious education.
 
 

Perineal wounds are injuries to the urogenital diaphragm and anal muscle during vaginal delivery, either normal delivery or instrumental delivery. Knowledge is a very important domain for the formation of a person's attitudes and behavior. The aim of the research was to determine the relationship between maternal knowledge, attitudes and behavior regarding perineal suture wound care and the healing time for perineal suture wounds. This type of quantitative research with a cross sectional design. The research was conducted in June-July 2023. The research population was postpartum mothers with perineal wounds in June-July 2023. The total was 30 people. The population in this study was 30 people. The sampling technique is the total sampling population. The research results obtained from 30 respondents showed that there were 22 mothers who had good knowledge (73.3%), 22 mothers who had a positive attitude (73.3%), 23 mothers who had good behavior (76%). .7%). The results of the Chi-Square analysis test for the knowledge category obtained a p value = 0.002 (p = <0.05), for the attitude category the p value = 0.002 < (0.05) while for behavior the p value = 0.001 < (0). .05). The conclusion is that there is a relationship between knowledge, attitudes and behavior regarding perineal wound care and the healing time for perineal wound sutures in the work area of the UPTD Campaka Community Health Center in 2023. The suggestion is that postpartum mothers should improve their behavior regarding wound care as an effort to speed up the healing of perineal wounds.

Parents with neonatal babies who are being treated in the Perina-NICU have a psychological burden that causes parents to experience anxiety. To reduce the anxiety of parents of patients who are treated in the Perina-NICU, it is necessary to do psychoeducation. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of psychoeducation on the anxiety level of the patient's parents at Perina-NICU RSUD Kabupaten Tangerang. The research method used was a quasi experiment with a one group pretest-posttest design without a control group. The sample in this study were 30 parents whose children were being treated at the Perina NICU. Data were obtained by distributing the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) questionnaire which was carried out before and after the anxiety management psychoeducation. Univariate and bivariate data analysis using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed that the average anxiety score before psychoeducation was 21.40 and most of the anxiety was in the moderate category, namely 12 (40%). The average anxiety score after psychoeducation was 15.50 and most of the anxiety was in the non-anxious category, namely 12 (40%). There was an effect of psychoeducation on the anxiety level of the parents of babies who are treated in the Perina-NICU with a P value (0.000) < ? (0.05). Conclusions and suggestions: there was an influence of psychoeducation on the anxiety level of the parents of babies who are treated at Perina-NICU RSUD Kabupaten Tangerang. It is hoped that psychoeducation will become one of the Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) to reduce the anxiety level of parents of patients treated at the Perina-NICU because the implementation is quite easy and effective.

This study aims to find out how the Koto Majidin-Jambi Student Youth Association (IPMKM-J) implements a budgeting system on every incoming and outgoing fund that they will use in implementing the IPMKM-J work program. The method used in this study is qualitative method, which is a method that collects data which is then explained in words. Primary data were obtained from observations and interviews conducted with parties involved in IPMKM-J and secondary data were obtained from literature studies such as scientific journals, books, and e-books. The result of his research is that IPMKM-J has implemented a budgeting system in preparing budgets for the work programs they hold. The budgeting they made was the Draft Cost Budget (RAB).

This research aims to analyze the legal position of digital memorandums of understanding (MOU) viewed from an inclusive legal perspective. The inclusive legal perspective is the basis of this research because it emphasizes equality and legal protection for the parties who formulate a MoU. The urgency of this research is to analyze the position and classify digital MoU considering that in the era of digitalization, various legal documents are created in digital form, which can cause problems regarding their position and validity. This research is normative legal research by prioritizing conceptual and statutory approaches. The results of this research are that digital MoU can comply with the provisions in Articles 1320 and 1338 of the Civil Code and the ITE Law. An inclusive legal perspective on digital MoU is the acceptance of informatics and computer science as sources that influence the substance and formation of rules. Legal innovation can be seen from the creation of digital MoU where everyone is free to enter into any agreement. , in the use of digital MoU you need to pay attention to religious and social values, the formation of digital MoU rules is also influenced by the era of globalization and international regulations regarding electronic contracts, and digital MoU have easy access. by anyone, not limited to place. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kedudukan hukum memorandum of understanding (MoU) digital ditinjau dari perpsektif hukum inklusif. Perspektif hukum inklusif menjadi basis penelitian ini karena menekankan adanya kesetaraan serta perlindungan hukum bagi para pihak yang merumuskan MoU Urgensi penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kedudukan dan mengklasifikasi MoU digital mengingat di era digitalisasi berbagai dokumen hukum dibuat dalam bentuk digital sehingga dapat menimbulkan problematika terkait kedudukan dan keabsahannya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan mengedepankan pendekatan konseptual dan perundang-undangan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah MoU digital dapat tunduk pada ketentuan yang ada dalam Pasal 1320 dan 1338 KUHPerdata dan UU ITE. Perspektif hukum inklusif terhadap MoU digital adalah  penerimaan ilmu informatika dan ilmu komputer sebagai sumber yang mempengaruhi substansi dan pembentukan aturan, inovasi hukum dapat dilihat dari pembuatan MoU digital digital yang mana setiap orang bebas mengadakan perjanjian apa saja, dalam pemanfaatan MoU digital digital perlu memperhatikan nilai-nilai agama dan sosial, pembentukan aturan MoU digital digital juga dipengaruhi oleh era globalisasi dan peraturan internasional mengenai kontrak elektronik, dan MoU digital memiliki akses yang mudah dilakukan oleh siapa saja tidak terbatas pada tempat.Kata kunci: Hukum Inklusif; Kedudukan Hukum; Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) Digital