Chitosan-based edible coating is a thin, consumable layer derived from crustacean shells that functions as a natural preservative. The incorporation of grape leaf extract can enhance its antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, thereby improving the shelf life of food products. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of grape leaf extract addition to chitosan-based edible coating on the antioxidant activity and flavonoid content of red grapes during storage at room temperature. Extract concentrations of 0%, 3%, 4%, and 5% were applied, with measurements conducted on day 0 and day 7 of storage. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH method, while flavonoid content was measured via UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Results indicated a significant increase in antioxidant activity on day 0, with the highest value observed at 5% concentration (75.09%; p = 0.044). By day 7, antioxidant activity showed a tendency to increase, peaking at 76.30%, although the change was not statistically significant (p = 0.081). Flavonoid content increased significantly on both day 0 (p = 0.027) and day 7 (p = 0.000), with the highest levels recorded at 5% concentration (440.33 mg QE/g and 374.76 mg QE/g, respectively). Two-way ANOVA analysis revealed that both independent variables had a significant effect on the two parameters, while their interaction was significant only for flavonoid content (p = 0.000).

Background Problems: Finswimming face high psychological stress due to demands, competition, risk of injury, and challenging aquatic environments. Basic psychological needs and the ability to manage emotions are crucial factors in supporting athletes' mental well-being. Research Objectives: This study aims to explore the relationship between the fulfillment of basic psychological needs and emotions of finswimming athletes. Methods: The method used is quantitative descriptive using Basic Needs Satisfaction in Sport Scale (BNSSS) and Sport Emotion Questionnaire (SEQ). Subjects involving 30 finswimming athletes at the Shark Aquatic Club. Results: The results of the study showed a significant positive relationship between the fulfillment of basic psychological needs and the emotions of finswimming athletes. Data analysis revealed that when athletes' basic psychological needs are well met, they tend to be better able to manage emotions effectively. This indicates that increasing the fulfillment of psychological needs is related to increasing the ability to control emotions. Conclusion: This study concludes that there is a significant positive relationship between the fulfillment of basic psychological needs and the ability to manage emotions of finswimming athletes. This means that fulfilling psychological needs supports better emotions during the training phase. This study suggests paying more attention to meeting athletes' basic psychological needs in training programs to optimize athletes' mental well-being and performance.

This research aims to find out how to develop animated video learning media to improve the mathematical problem solving abilities of class VI students. This research is based on several problems, namely students who do not understand the discussion of learning material because mathematics is considered boring and it is difficult to memorize formulas. This made students unable to solve problems in the learning process. This research used research method and development using 4D research model. The sample of this research consisted of 25 students, with the first step not using animated videos and the second step using animated videos. The research instruments used in this research were tests (essays) and questionnaires. The research results showed that the feasibility level was 92% in the "very valid" category, the practicality level was 92% in the "very practical" category, and the effectiveness level was 88.52% in the "effective" category. These results can also be seen from the pretest with an average value of 34 and posttest with an average value of 92, so the average N-Gain Score was 88.52%. So, it can be concluded that the development of animated video learning media can improve the Mathematical problem solving abilities of 6th Grade of Elementary School students.

This research aims to determine the effectiveness of the policy for implementing recess activities for council members in accommodating the aspirations of the community in East Java Province, based on the perspective of effectiveness theory. The recess is a formal mechanism designed to bring the legislature closer to the community in order to absorb input and hopes that can be integrated into the legislative and budgeting process. This study identified four main aspects of effectiveness: goal achievement, efficiency, relevance, and policy impact. Using qualitative research analysis and data collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis. The research results show that even though research is an important means for the community to convey needs, its implementation still faces obstacles, such as violations of follow-up to aspirations that have been received and a mismatch between community priorities and the development programs being implemented. This research provides encouragement for follow-up mechanisms and increasing legislative capacity in managing community aspirations so that res activities are more effective and relevant in supporting development at the regional level.

Iron deficiency is a common cause of anemia during pregnancy. The low consumption of Fe tablets is related to compliance with consumption. The purpose of this study was to determine the compliance of pregnant women taking iron tablets in the second trimester in Bukittinggi City. This was a qualitative study using a case study method. A purposive sampling technique was used, with the main informant being pregnant women in the second trimester in Baratan Village. Data were collected using interview techniques, observation, and documentation analysis and then validated using data triangulation, observer triangulation, theory triangulation, and method triangulation. The results of this study were analyzed based on data grouping. Testing data assumptions, alternative data explanations, and the results of the study were written. The compliance of pregnant women in taking Fe tablets shows the compliance of pregnant women in the second trimester in taking Fe tablets and how pregnant women know the benefits and impacts of not taking Fe tablets. Researchers know how long pregnant women take Fe tablets, and family support is a reinforcement for pregnant women if they forget when taking Fe tablets. Pregnant women who routinely have ANC will also receive Fe tablets from the midwife who checks for compliance with taking Fe is better when Fe tablets are also available. The opinion of researchers of primigravida pregnant women in the second trimester shows that the first, second, and third subjects are pregnant women in the second trimester who have experience taking Fe tablets. They reported the same complaints, namely nausea and vomiting after taking Fe tablets; even so, they remained obedient and routinely took Fe tablets every day, with and without being reminded by their families, they still routinely took Fe tablets. Some mothers understand the impact of not taking Fe tablets, namely, anemia and bleeding. During the interviews, all mothers said that they routinely checked their pregnancy every month with a midwife accompanied by their husbands.

This study aims to describe and analyze: How the Regional Government of Mahakam Ulu Regency Efforts in Empowering Small and Medium Enterprises and What is the socio-economic impact of the community from the empowerment of SMEs.  Data Collection Techniques include: Interviews, Observations, Documentation. The research informants were Kadin and staff of the Mahakam Ulu Regency Industry, Trade, and Cooperatives Office. The data analysis technique using interactive model analysis was developed by Miles et al., (2014), namely data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the study showed. The empowerment program carried out by the Mahakam Ulu Regency Industry, Trade, and Cooperatives Office includes: a. Identify the potential and community empowerment programs in the economic sector. This is done with the development and Human Resources (HR) of the SMEs themselves, b. Coaching for industrial management magazines and improving entrepreneurship and c.  Marketing development in an effort to increase market access through improving product quality and product marketing. Improving the quality of SME products accompanied by improving packaging quality, improving hygiene and product certification, and exhibiting small industries. Impact of SME empowerment carried out by the Mahakam Ulu Regency Industry, Trade, and Cooperatives Office: a. The productivity of MSME entrepreneurs shows optimal results. b. The impact of the empowerment of SMEs not only affects job opportunities in the surrounding community, but also has an impact on the income of the surrounding community.

The oversight and enforcement of the advocate code of ethics in Indonesia continue to face various challenges, affecting the effectiveness of existing regulations. The number of ethical violations among advocates has increased significantly, rising from 120 cases in 2018 to 345 cases in 2023. The most common infractions include conflicts of interest, abuse of authority, and gratuities. One of the primary factors contributing to weak ethical enforcement is the current oversight system, which remains limited to advocate organizations without the involvement of an independent regulatory body. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of advocate oversight mechanisms in Indonesia, compare them with best practices in other jurisdictions, and identify measures to enhance accountability and transparency in the legal profession. The research employs a normative legal method with a comparative law approach and empirical studies. The analysis includes an examination of existing regulations, case reports on ethical violations, and interviews with key stakeholders, including advocates, clients, and legal analysts. The findings indicate that only 40% of reported violations result in strict sanctions, while only 10% of advocates found guilty of ethical breaches face license revocation. Additionally, a survey of 500 respondents reveals that only 35% of the public is aware of the procedures for filing complaints against unethical advocates, highlighting a lack of transparency in the oversight system. This study contributes to the discourse by recommending the establishment of an independent regulatory body to monitor advocate compliance with ethical standards and the enhanced utilization of digital technology in the oversight system. With more transparent and accountable regulatory reforms, ethical violations within the legal profession can be minimized, ultimately strengthening public trust in Indonesia’s legal system.

This study aims to analyze the financial performance of PT Perkebunan Nusantara I Regional 5 Surabaya for the 2019-202 period. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive method. To determine the financial performance of PT Perkebunan Nusantara I Regional 5 using financial ratio analysis techniques. The ratio analysis used in this study are liquidity ratios (current ratio, cash ratio and quick ratio), solvency ratios (DER ratio, DAR ratio and LTDtER ratio), activity ratios (total asset turnover, receivable period turnover and inventory turnover) and profitability ratios (GPM, NPM, ROE, ROI and ROA). Quantitative data in this study are in the form of financial statements of PT Perkebunan Nusantara I Regional 5 for the 2019-2023 period. Based on the liquidity ratio, PT Perkebunan Nusantara I Regional 5 in 2019-2023 experienced a significant increase from 2020-2023 and its liquidity was better in 2023. The financial performance of the solvency ratio of PT Perkebunan Nusantara I Regional 5 for the 2019-2023 period shows a healthy and stable condition. The financial performance of the activity ratio of PT Perkebunan Nusantara I Regional 5 for the 2019-2023 period shows efficiency in managing receivables and inventories, but the use and utilization of assets to generate income needs to be improved. The financial performance of the profitability ratio at PT Perkebunan Nusantara I Regional 5 is classified as unfavorable which can increase the Company's losses. In general, the Company's performance for the 2019-2023 period is less healthy.

The importance of the leadership of the madrasa head in developing a religious culture in Madrasah Aliyah Nurul Huda al-Banat Situbondo. This leadership aims to develop the religious culture that exists in the madrasa environment.The aims of this study are 1) to describe the management of student character education in fostering religious moderation. 2) to describe the implementation of the attitude of religious moderation. The type of research used is qualitative research with a case study approach. Data collection techniques by means of observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique used in this qualitative research has four stages, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions and suggestions. Meanwhile, in looking for the validity or validity of the data using data triangulation techniques. The results of this study are the management of student character education in fostering religious moderation is carried out by 1) through intracurricular activities 2) through co-curricular activities 3) through extracurricular activities. While the implementation of character values in fostering religious moderation is with the teacher being a good role model and role model in terms of tolerance, honesty, cooperation, responsibility and unity.

Background: Knowledge is one of the factors that can affect a person's behavior or diet. Therefore, efforts in communication, information, and education (KIE) regarding sports nutrition are needed to support athletes' eating behavior. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Sports Nutrition Quartet Card media in increasing the knowledge of football school athletes. Methods: This type of research is the ADDIE model's research and development (R&D). The implementation of the developed product uses an Experimental Quasy research design with a Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The sample amounted to 44 people, with details of 22 people in the experimental group and 22 in the control group determined by simple random sampling. The data analysis technique uses the t-test followed by the N-Gain test. Results: The study results showed that the assessment of media and material experts was obtained with an average percentage of 79.5% or very feasible. From the field trial results, a percentage score of 81% was obtained or very practical. The t-test results showed a difference in the knowledge of athletes (p<0.05), followed by the N-gain score of 0.44 in the medium category. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the Sports Nutrition Quartet Card medium is quite effective in increasing the knowledge of football school athletes.