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Indonesia is a country known for its linguistic diversity, which is considered one of its national treasures. Recently, the use of the Minangkabau language has experienced a significant decline. This design is created to help foster interest in learning the Minangkabau language among elementary school students. In the field of Visual Communication Design, designing creative educational media to enhance student interest and engagement, as well as introduce local culture, can be realized through the design of a board game. The design process includes data collection through questionnaires, interviews, and analysis using the 5W+1H method. The designed board game incorporates elements that teach Minangkabau vocabulary, phrases, and sentences, as well as introduce Minangkabau culture through interactive gameplay. The design results in a mascot, board game, logo, playing pieces, and a media mix from the TITAH board game design. It is hoped that this board game can serve as an effective and engaging alternative learning medium to preserve the Minangkabau language and culture among the younger generation.

Class II A teachers rarely utilize learning media in the classroom, relying primarily on textbooks. As a result, students often feel bored and disengaged, making the learning process less interactive and ineffective. This research aims to develop a smart board learning media, assess its validity, and evaluate its effectiveness in teaching subject matter, predicates, objects, and information. This study follows a research and development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, which consists of five stages: (1) analysis, (2) design, (3) development, (4) implementation, and (5) evaluation. The research was conducted in Class II A at SDN Sukabumi 2, Probolinggo City. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires distributed to material/content expert validators, media experts, teachers, and students. The results of the product trial indicate that the smart board media received a validity score of 94% from material/content experts and 91% from media experts. These scores fall within the 90–100% range, categorizing the media as highly valid. Field trials further demonstrated its effectiveness, with Class II A teachers rating it at 93% (very effective) and students at 87% (effective). In conclusion, the smart board media serves as an effective teaching aid, enhancing the learning experience for Class II A students at SDN Sukabumi 2. Future research could expand the development of smart board media for broader subject areas, ensuring greater engagement and motivation in the classroom.

This study aims to explore the practice of over-claiming in the skincare sector in Indonesia and its impact on consumers. With more and more products offering instant results in the absence of strong scientific evidence, consumers are often trapped in unrealistic expectations, which can jeopardise their health. The method used in this research is qualitative with a case study approach to analyse exaggerated claims as well as consumer reactions to certain skincare products. The findings of this study show that this practice harms consumers both materially and in terms of trust in the beauty industry as a whole. In addition, the results emphasise the importance of stricter law enforcement against offending businesses, including influencers who promote products with misleading information. In accordance with the Consumer Protection Law, consumers are entitled to clear and precise information, which is even more important in an era of aggressive marketing. Therefore, existing regulations, such as those issued by BPOM, need to be more strictly enforced to maintain the safety and effectiveness of the products being sold. The study also recommends raising awareness and educating consumers about the risks that may arise from overuse of skincare products. With these measures, it is hoped that the skincare industry can establish a more transparent and fair market, as well as improve product quality and protection for consumers. This research also contributes to a deeper understanding of the dynamics of the skincare market and the importance of consumer protection in legal and health aspects.

This study aims to determine the achievement of students‘ critical thinking skills in solving HOTS-based Mathematics problems in terms of students’ learning styles at SD Negeri Gembira, Nangahale Village. This type of descriptive qualitative research aims to present in-depth information about a subject. The research was conducted at SD Negeri Gembira Desa Nangahale in even semester on 10 April-17 May 2023. Primary data sources were obtained from observation. While secondary data sources were obtained from tests, questionnaires, and interviews. Data collection techniques using tests, learning style questionnaires and interviews. Data analysis in this study used miles and huberman model data analysis, namely data presentation, data reduction and conclusion drawing. The results showed that subjects with visual learning styles revealed that the thinking process on each indicator of critical thinking ability smoothly so that the subject could solve the problem correctly. Subjects with auditory learning styles reveal well the critical thinking process on each indicator of critical thinking ability.

The beach is an ecosystem that has an important role in human life, both as a natural resource, tourist attraction, and habitat for various marine biota. However, in reality, beach cleanliness currently does not receive special attention, so there is still rubbish in the beach environment, which often disturbs the beauty of the beach at Budi Sun Resort.   This causes damage to the coastal environment and many coastal ecosystems even become extinct.  This community service has three objectives, namely, 1) making participants aware of the importance of keeping the beach environment clean as a step to save the coastal ecosystem, and 2) forming a beach guard unit 3) cleaning the beach environment with the participants. This service method has two stages, namely the preparation stage and the implementation stage. The result of this service is the formation of a beach guard unit to maintain the cleanliness of the beach environment as a step to save the coastal ecosystem.  Apart from that, it was proven that participants were enthusiastic when taking part in real activities and actions to clean the beach environment. However, assistance is still needed to recycle waste.  This community service activity went according to plan and smoothly

Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are chronic diseases that are often not detected early due to the lack of public attention to health checks. Both diseases are known as “silent killers” because they often go unnoticed until they cause serious complications. Health screening activities were carried out in Tamparang Keke Village, Mamajang Subdistrict, Makassar City, focusing on blood pressure and blood sugar levels. Of the 27 residents examined, 8 had hypertension, 1 hypotension, and 8 had high blood sugar levels. It is recommended that residents regularly check their health, adopt a healthy diet, and exercise to reduce the risk of complications.

This meta-analysis evaluates the effectiveness of community-based interventions in addressing complex trauma among children in Gaza through a systematic analysis of 42 studies (N=4,873) published between 2010 and 2024. The findings reveal a significant treatment effect (g=0.78, 95% CI [0.65, 0.91], p<.001) with moderate heterogeneity (I²=68%). School-based interventions demonstrate the greatest effect (g=0.89), followed by family interventions (g=0.76) and peer-group interventions (g=0.65). Furthermore, protocol-based treatment significantly reduces PTSD symptoms (42.3%), anxiety (38.7%), and depression (35.2%) among children in Gaza. Moderator analysis identifies intervention duration (β=0.34, p<.01) and family involvement (β=0.29, p<.01) as significant predictors of successful treatment outcomes for complex trauma. Lastly, meta-regression results indicate a linear relationship between intervention intensity and symptom improvement (R²=0.45, p<.001). These findings expand on previous research by Thompson et al. (2021) and Al-Krenawi (2022) by identifying specific effective intervention components within the Gaza context. Additionally, the discovery that a phased approach integrating community support with protocol-based treatment yields optimal outcomes presents a novel contribution not previously addressed in meta-analyses.

This research is entitled Analysis of Language Style and Concrete Words in the Poem “Doa Orang Sibuk yang 24 Jam Sehari Berkantor Di Ponselnya” by Joko Pinurbo. This research is a form of appreciation for literary works in the context of understanding language styles and concrete words in poetry. This study aims to describe and interpret the use of language style and concrete words in the poem titled “Doa Orang Sibuk yang 24 Jam Berkantor Di Ponselnya” by Joko Pinurbo. According to Sudjiman, language style includes diction or lexical choice, sentence structure, majas and imagery, rhyme patterns, and matra found in literary works (1987: 13) while concrete words are words that can be described concretely by the reader's mind when reading a poem. The method used in this research uses a qualitative method by investigating the language style and concrete words in the poem “Doa Orang Sibuk yang 24 Jam Sehari Berkantor di Ponselnya” by Joko Pinurbo so as to produce concrete data. With this research, it can produce data that can find out the language style and concrete words used in the poem “Doa Orang Sibuk yang 24 Jam Sehari Berkantor di Ponselnya” by Joko Pinurbo.

The revitalization of coffee plantations is a strategic effort to enhance productivity and quality, particularly in Halmahera, which has favorable agroclimatic conditions. This study aims to analyze the implementation of revitalization programs and coffee cultivation practices adopted by the Permata Buli Farmers’ Cooperative in Geltoli Village, Maba District. A qualitative approach was used, involving field observations, interviews with farmers, and secondary data analysis related to coffee production and marketing. The results indicate that the adoption of sustainable farming techniques, such as selecting high-quality seedlings, agroforestry systems, and proper post-harvest management, contributes to increased productivity and coffee quality. Additionally, cooperative institutional support, access to capital, and government policies play significant roles in the success of coffee plantation revitalization. This study recommends optimizing farmer training, improving market access, and strengthening partnerships with the coffee processing industry to create a more sustainable and competitive coffee farming system.

The phenomenon of sea fencing in Tangerang's coastal areas has sparked various debates from legal, social and environmental perspectives. This action raises questions regarding compliance with the principles of international law of the sea, particularly the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), which regulates public access rights to waters. In the context of national law, regulations such as Law No. 32/2014 on Maritime Affairs and Law No. 1/2014 on the Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands emphasize that public access to the sea must be managed in a fair and sustainable manner. This research aims to examine the juridical aspects of sea fencing using the approaches of international law of the sea and Indonesian national law. The method used is a literature study by analyzing various legal sources, scientific journals, and similar case studies in other countries. Descriptive-analytical analysis was conducted to assess the conformity of sea fencing with UNCLOS principles as well as its impact on the rights of coastal communities and the environment. The results of the study show that sea fencing in coastal Tangerang has the potential to violate the principles of UNCLOS 1982 and harm coastal communities who depend on the sea as a source of life. In addition, this action also risks causing ecological impacts that can disrupt the balance of the coastal environment. Therefore, stricter regulations and effective supervision are needed to ensure that marine area utilization policies remain in line with international and national law and do not harm the public interest.

The Village Consultative Body as a village legislative institution has the function of compiling and enacting regulations together with the village head. BPD also has the authority to legislate, supervise and empower the community as regulated in Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages. Apart from making regulations, the BPD also has the authority to supervise the running of village government, especially in implementing village regulations and implementing the village budget. From the explanation above, the author formulates two problem formulations, namely how the legislative authority of the Village Consultative Body in forming village regulations based on Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages and how to apply the theory of participatory democracy in forming village regulations. The purpose of this research is to analyze and understand the legislative authority possessed by the Village Consultative Body (BPD) in the process of forming village regulations in accordance with the provisions of Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages and analyze the application of participatory descriptive theory by the Village Consultative Body (BPD). in the formation of village regulations. In this research the author uses a type of normative legal research where this research will focus on laws as legal material. The results of this research are that the Village Consultative Body (BPD) as a representative of the community has the authority to play an active role in making village regulations that have been regulated in the Law and active community participation can strengthen the legitimacy of village regulations and improve village governance and there needs to be ongoing efforts to strengthen community participation.

The principal's leadership is one of the important components that determines the growth and sustainability of educational institutions.  School principals have a great opportunity to develop leadership values ​​in the modern era.  To develop education, high-quality and continuously developing leaders are needed.  In addition, school principals must motivate teachers because they have to make a major contribution in the educational environment. This research was conducted using quantitative methods with a correlational type.  This research used a total sampling technique, with a total sample of thirty teachers and academic staff. This research instrument consists of thirty questionnaires, or questionnaires, for each variable. The research results show that the correlation coefficient between the principal's transformational leadership variable (X) and teachers' work motivation (Y) is 0.623, thus the relationship between the two is quite strong.

Looking at the culture that occurs in the environment where we live, most early education is handled by a mother, although there are some fathers who also pay great attention to children's education, but this is still relatively rare and most of the time it is the mother who educates them starting from being able to eat, walk, talk, bathe and etc. Due to the understanding in society that a mother only stays at home without needing to work, the job of earning a living is the father's duty, but in everyday life there are many households where the father's work cannot meet daily needs so the mother must help.In the end, many mothers have outside jobs, mothers are still required to educate their children and earn a living. For mothers, this is an obligation that they must carry out, apart from education in daily life, mothers must also think about psychological and spiritual development, Islamic religion, so that their children have a path that is blessed by Allah SWT.The method that career mothers usually use in educating their children is putting them in TPQ, Islamic boarding school, continuous habituation, parents providing examples. The results obtained from these various efforts are that children get used to praying 5 times a day from childhood, get used to reading the Al-Qur'an, are polite to their parents, behave well towards neighbors, older people or friends and so on.

This research aims to find out how to develop animated video learning media to improve the mathematical problem solving abilities of class VI students. This research is based on several problems, namely students who do not understand the discussion of learning material because mathematics is considered boring and it is difficult to memorize formulas. This made students unable to solve problems in the learning process. This research used research method and development using 4D research model. The sample of this research consisted of 25 students, with the first step not using animated videos and the second step using animated videos. The research instruments used in this research were tests (essays) and questionnaires. The research results showed that the feasibility level was 92% in the "very valid" category, the practicality level was 92% in the "very practical" category, and the effectiveness level was 88.52% in the "effective" category. These results can also be seen from the pretest with an average value of 34 and posttest with an average value of 92, so the average N-Gain Score was 88.52%. So, it can be concluded that the development of animated video learning media can improve the Mathematical problem solving abilities of 6th Grade of Elementary School students.

In facing the changes that occur, companies have difficulty following new regulations because of differences with previous regulations. Companies must be able to optimize functions in all parts of the company organization in order to maintain long-term competitiveness and achieve sustainable success. These rules are formed in standard operational procedures which contain operational procedures to ensure consistency, efficiency, minimize errors and safety in every work activity in the company so that it can run effectively and efficiently. This research aims to know the procedures for creating a Work Procedure System at PT Kilang Pertamina International Refinery Unit V Balikpapan and to find out the supporting and inhibiting factors in the procedure for creating a Work Procedure System. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The technique used in this research involved conducting interviews, observation and documentation supported by 2 informants. Based on the results of this research, the procedure for creating a Work System at PT Kilang Pertamina International Refinery Unit V Balikpapan consist of eight structured stages, starting from preparation to the implementation below 1%. The suggestions provided to maximize performance emphasize the importance of effective communication and management commitment to overcoming obstacles in the creation of the Work System at PT Kilang Pertamina International Refinery Unit V Balikpapan.

This study aims to analyze the impact of service quality and promotion on customer satisfaction at Alfamart in Depok City. The research uses a quantitative approach with data collected through questionnaires filled out by 100 respondents. Data analysis techniques include data quality tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, hypothesis testing, and coefficient of determination tests using IBM SPSS version 25. The results of the T-test indicate that service quality (X1) has a significant impact on customer satisfaction (Y), with a t-value of 2.851 > 1.661 and a significance value of 0.005 < 0.05. Meanwhile, promotion (X2) does not show a significant effect on customer satisfaction (Y), with a t-value of 6.938 > 1.661 and a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. The F-test shows that, simultaneously, service quality and promotion have a significant effect on customer satisfaction (Y), with an F-value of 84.772 > F-table 3.090 and a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. Based on the coefficient of determination test, it is found that 63.6% of customer satisfaction is influenced by service quality and promotion, while the remaining percentage is influenced by other factors.  

This study aims to analyse the influence of flash sales and free shipping on consumer purchasing decisions for Shopee products. The research was conducted from October to December with a quantitative approach, involving 100 respondents as a sample. Data analysis includes data quality tests, classical assumption tests, hypothesis tests, multiple regression analysis, and determination coefficient tests with IBM SPSS 25 software. The results of the partial test showed that flash sale (X1) had no significant effect on consumer purchase decisions (Y) with a T value of -0.996 < 1.661 and a significance of 0.322 > 0.05. On the contrary, free shipping (X2) had a significant effect on consumer purchase decisions (Y) with a T value of 5.982 > 1.661 and a significance of 0.000 < 0.05. The F test shows that simultaneously flash sale (X1) and free shipping (X2) have a significant influence on consumer purchase decisions (Y) with an F value of 17.947 > F table 3.090 and a significance of 0.000 < 0.05. These results indicate that the two variables together have a positive influence on consumer purchase decisions on Shopee products.  

The House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia has adopted various digital communication strategies to maximize the use of social media. One of the strategies implemented is Cyber Public Relations Instagram @dpr_ri seeks to utilize every opportunity provided by social media platforms to deliver accurate, relevant, and interesting information to the public.The purpose of this study is to measure Cyber Public Relations of DPR RI on the @dpr_ri Instagram account, Fulfillment of information needs of followers of the @dpr_ri Instagram account, and How much influence does cyber public relations of DPR RI have on fulfilling the information needs of followers of the @dpr_ri Instagram account. The theories used in this research are Cyber Public Relations Theory, Philips & Young (2009) and Information Needs, Guha (1978). The approach in this study uses a quantitative approach. The method used in this research is a survey. Data collection by providing questionnaires to followers of the @dpr_ri Instagram account. Based on the calculation results of the research data, the tcount value of 5.095 is greater than the ttable value of 1.668. Then H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. So the results show that there is an influence of cyber public relations of the DPR RI on Fulfilling the Information Needs of Followers of the @dpr_ri Instagram account.There is data from the coefficient of determination showing that the equation is 37.7% while the remaining 62.3% is influenced by other factors outside the study.There is a strong influence between cyber public relations of the DPR RI and Fulfilling the information needs of Followers of the @dpr_ri Instagram account.

This research aims to determine the effect of the level of website-based disclosure of company information on corporate tax avoidance behavior. The objects in this research are all companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period June 2024. Data collection in this research uses content analysis methods and data processing using the SPSS application. The sampling technique in this research used purposive sampling with a final sample size of 399 companies. The research results show that the level of website-based disclosure of company information has a negative and significant effect on tax avoidance behavior in public companies in Indonesia. 

Fertility is one of the key indicators in population dynamics, influenced by various factors. This study aims to analyze: 1) public perception of the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of Krama Bali family planning (KB); 2) the influence of education, employment status, and KAP of Krama Bali family planning on contraceptive use; 3) the influence of education, employment status, KAP of Krama Bali family planning, and contraceptive use on fertility; and 4) the role of contraceptive use in mediating the influence of education, employment status, and KAP of Krama Bali family planning on fertility. This research employs a quantitative approach with an associative design. The sample consists of 99 individuals, specifically married couples of reproductive age (40–45 years) in Buleleng District. The sampling techniques used include accidental sampling, snowball sampling, and purposive sampling. Data collection methods include observation, interviews, and in-depth interviews. The data analysis involves descriptive statistics, path analysis, and the Sobel test. The study results indicate: 1) Public perception of Krama Bali family planning is mostly positive, with most respondents understanding and accepting it. However, the practice of having four children, as recommended by Krama Bali family planning, is less common due to the risks of late-age pregnancy. 2) Education has a significant positive effect on contraceptive use, with employed respondents using contraceptives for a longer duration than unemployed respondents. Meanwhile, the KAP of Krama Bali family planning has a significant negative effect on contraceptive use. 3) Education and contraceptive use have a significant negative effect on fertility, with employed respondents having lower fertility than unemployed respondents. In contrast, the KAP of Krama Bali family planning has a significant positive effect on fertility. 4) Contraceptive use partially mediates the effects of education, employment status, and the KAP of Krama Bali family planning on fertility.