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Issues related to self-esteem and body image have become a significant psychological challenge among female students, particularly at the Faculty of Education and Educational Sciences of PGRI University Banyuwangi. Factors such as social pressure, unrealistic beauty standards, and low self-acceptance lead to many female students experiencing a lack of confidence in their physical appearance. Therefore, appropriate psychological intervention is needed to help them develop a more positive mindset. positive mindset. This study employs a quantitative approach with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The research subjects are female students at the Faculty of Education and Teacher Training (FKIP) of PGRI University Banyuwangi who have low self-esteem regarding their body image. The intervention is conducted through group counseling services using reinforcement techniques and supported by modeling techniques. The results of the study showed a significant increase in self-esteem regarding body image among female students after participating in the group counseling service. The application of reinforcement techniques proved effective in strengthening positive behaviors and mindsets regarding body image. Thus, this service can be used as a counseling strategy to improve the psychological and social self-confidence of female students.

This study aims to analyze the function of imperative sentences in everyday life on the campus of Universitas PGRI Pontianak, specifically among students of PBSI Class A Afternoon Semester 4. This study uses a pragmatic approach to understand how imperative sentences are used in the context of campus communication. The results show that imperative sentences are used in various language functions, such as giving instructions, asking for help, and showing politeness. This study also finds that the use of imperative sentences can affect social relationships and communication between individuals on campus. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the understanding of the use of imperative sentences in the context of campus communication and can serve as a reference for further research on pragmatics and communication.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Facebook and Instagram as public relations communication tools at MI Darun Najah Srobyong, Jepara. A qualitative approach was employed using observation, in-depth interviews with the public relations team, teachers, parents, and community leaders, as well as documentation analysis. The findings indicate that both platforms have contributed to improving information transparency, community engagement, and the school's public image. However, several challenges were identified, including limited human resources and digital literacy gaps among parents. The study recommends content management training, digital literacy programs, and enhanced two-way interaction to optimize the role of social media in elementary school communication strategies.

This study aims to identify Lactobacillus sp. bacteria obtained from the fermentation of Channa striata fish (snakehead fish) originating from Bathin VIII, Sarolangun, Jambi. Snakehead fish is known to have high protein content and bioactive compounds that support the growth of probiotic microorganisms, especially lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Fermentation was carried out naturally for several days under controlled conditions, then isolation and characterization of bacteria were carried out through culture techniques on de Man Rogosa Sharpe Agar (MRSA) media. Initial identification was carried out using colony morphology tests, Gram staining, and basic biochemical tests. The isolation results showed the presence of round, convex, and milky white colonies, and showed Gram-positive and rod-shaped properties, which are typical characteristics of Lactobacillus sp. This study indicates that fermented snakehead fish can be a natural source of Lactobacillus sp. isolates that have the potential to be developed as probiotics in functional foods or local fermented products. These findings are expected to contribute to the development of local microorganism-based food technology and increase the economic value of snakehead fish in the Jambi region. Further research is needed to test the functional potential and safety of the isolated strains.

Keripik Singkong Alif, a micro-enterprise located in Suka Damai Village, faces challenges in managing human resources due to its traditional and unstructured operational system, leading to inefficiencies and obstacles in business development. To address this issue, socialization and education on Digital Talent Management (DTM) were conducted as a solution to improve HR management through a simple and applicable digital approach. This activity aimed to educate micro-business actors on the importance of talent management. The methods used included field observations, interviews, socialization, training, mentoring, and step-by-step evaluation to ensure that business owners could understand and independently implement the system.  The results of the activity show that the socialization program consisted of several stages, namely observation, problem identification, implementation of socialization and education, and evaluation. Through four days of socialization and education, Keripik Singkong Alif successfully established a clearer division of tasks, recognized employee potential, and agreed on work procedures through the development of a simple Guidebook. The digital approach used effectively raised awareness among business owners about the importance of work documentation and performance evaluation, despite initial challenges in digital literacy.

The educational activity "Isi Piringku: The Importance of Implementing Balanced Nutritional Intake Daily" was conducted on May 20, 2025, at SD Negeri 12 Kendari with the aim of increasing students' knowledge about balanced nutrition through PowerPoint media. Participants consisted of 22 students aged 9-11 years with 54.5% male and 45.5% female composition. The research method used pre-test and post-test design which showed an increase in average scores from 3.73 (pre-test) to 5.59 (post-test) with p=0.000 (p<0.05), indicating a significant difference in knowledge before and after the educational session. The research results prove that PowerPoint media is effective in increasing students' knowledge about the importance of balanced nutrition and the application of the "Isi Piringku" concept in daily life.

This community service activity focuses on improving the competitiveness of A.A Transport, a business that lacks cashless payment options and an effective social media marketing strategy. Providing cashless payments is a modern, customer-centric approach that differentiates businesses in a competitive market. Unfortunately, A.A Transport currently lacks such an option, providing an opportunity for improvement. This community service activity aims to assist A.A Transport in adopting cashless payment methods and the importance of effective social media marketing for MSMEs. Social media serves as a direct channel for interaction, building relationships, and expanding the market. The methods used in this community service activity were observation, interviews, surveys, and mentoring. The results achieved are in line with the project objectives, as A.A Transport successfully integrated QRIS for cashless payments and utilized social media effectively for marketing, thus contributing to its competitiveness and overall market reach.

English reading skill is a fundamental skill that is crucial in education, particularly in today's globalized world. However, many Vocational High School (SMK) students still face challenges in comprehending English texts, stemming from limited vocabulary, limited reading strategies, and a lack of contextual learning. This community service activity was conducted at SMK Swasta Islam (SMKSI) Darul Istiqomah Jember to provide students with basic English reading skill training. The training focused on mastering reading strategies such as skimming, scanning, determining topics, identifying main and supporting ideas, and answering questions using WH-Questions. The implementation method included initial observation, material preparation, interactive lectures, practice exercises, and evaluation. The results showed that the training successfully improved students' ability to comprehend English texts more effectively and efficiently. Furthermore, it increased students' motivation and confidence in reading English texts, and provided an initial understanding of functional texts relevant to the world of work. This activity is expected to be a real contribution in improving the quality of vocational high school students' English literacy and supporting their readiness to face the demands of the global workforce.

One of the health issues in Talaga Tomoagu village, Bolangitang Barat district, North Bolaang Mongondow regency, is stunting or slow growth in children of the same age, which remains high. Based on data from the Talaga Tomoagu village Health Office, the prevalence of stunting in 2022 was 1.82%, in 2023 it increased to 5.08%, and in 2024 it further increased to 6.67%. Cases of stunting in children and toddlers are a common issue that needs to be addressed in Indonesia due to the lack of balanced nutritional intake. The aim of this program is to provide innovative healthy nutrition menus with children's food preparations (nuggets) made from moringa leaves to prevent stunting. The method used in this program is to provide direct educational counseling and demonstrations on making moringa leaf-based complementary food nuggets. The results of this innovative program show that education on healthy nutrition menus affects mothers' knowledge about stunting and its prevention efforts. After being provided with education and training on making food based on moringa leaves, the results significantly influenced the mothers' knowledge about balanced nutrition as a prevention of stunting issues in the village of Talaga Tomoagu.

This study investigates the educational role of a mother in Iwan Setyawan’s Novel 9 Summers 10 Autumns. The research addresses three main problems: (1) How does the mother prioritized family needs in 9 Summers 10 Autumns novel a translated by Maggie Tiojakin (2) How does the role of mother to create children’s educations in 9 Summers 10 Autumns novel a translated by Maggie Tiojakin. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through documentation. The data collection process in this research involves identified, classified, analyzed, and organized systematically to support the completion of the research. The data were analyzed through identification, classification, description, and interpretation. The findings reveal that she manages household needs with precision, provides warmth and security, and remains strong despite her husband's imprisonment. Her modest home, though small, becomes a place filled with love, simplicity, and gratitude. Her sacrifices selling belongings and borrowing money reflect her unwavering dedication to her family’s survival and harmony. Her commitment to education is shown through her tireless support, never letting her children work, and always encouraging them to study and succeed. Her love and sacrifices result in her children graduating from university and eventually improving the family’s quality of life. The novel illustrates the power of maternal love, perseverance, and the profound impact of a mother’s role in shaping her children’s future.

This study aims to describe the level of consumer liking or acceptance of a product, it absolutely requires a test called the organoleptic test and hedonic test This research was conducted in quantitative analysis In the implementation of this study, the experiment conducted was an experiment consisting of 4 treatments, Each treatment was carried out as many as 3 replicates so that 12 experimental units were obtained The treatments used were po (control) = regular sauce 100% Traditional chilli sauce packaging, p1 = 50% papaya sauce and 50% carrot sauce 500 grams of papaya + 500 grams of carrots, p2 papaya sauce (pure) 100% 1 kg papaya, p3 = carrot sauce (pure) 100% 1 kg organoleptic research results The highest colour was p1 4.3, aroma p3 3.9, taste p1 3.95, and texture p14. 25. As for hedonics, the highest was for colour p1 4.75, aroma p3 4.55, taste p1 4.25 and texture p3 4.5. Organoleptic tests involving colour, aroma, taste and texture showed values for colour in sample 1 with an average value of 4.3, aroma in sample 3 with an average value of 3.9, taste in sample 1 with an average value of 3.95 while texture in sample 1 with an average value of 4.25. The results of the hedonic test assessed consumer preference for sauces in samples 1 and 3 for sample I with an average value of 4.75 and a taste of 4.25 in the like category. While in sample 3 consumer assessment of aroma average value 4.55 and texture 4.5 category.

This study aims to identify and analyze the types of figurative language found in the song lyrics of Boygenius’s album “The Record.” The research specifically seeks to determine the various figurative language devices present in selected tracks and to interpret the meanings behind these expressions using Leech’s theory of meaning. By focusing on figurative language, the study aims to enhance the understanding of how artistic language in indie music conveys complex emotions and themes, enriching both literary appreciation and linguistic analysis. The data source for this research consists of the lyrics from four selected songs: “Emily I’m Sorry,” “True Blue,” “Cool About It,” and “Not Strong Enough” from Boygenius’s album “The Record.” Data collection was conducted through an observation and note-taking technique: the researcher listened to the songs on Spotify and obtained the lyrics from www.genius.com. The method of analysis employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with the researcher identifying and categorizing instances of figurative language in the lyrics. The study was guided by the framework of Knickerbocker and Reninger for figurative language types and Leech’s theory for interpreting the meanings, which include conceptual, connotative, social, affective, reflected, collocative, and thematic meanings. The study's results revealed a total of 36 instances of figurative language across the selected songs, encompassing similes, metaphors, personification, synecdoche, metonymy, hyperbole, irony, and paradox. Of these, 36 examples were analyzed in detail to explore their meanings. The findings demonstrate that Boygenius’s lyrics utilize a diverse range of figurative language,

Research Objectives: Mental and psychological health are key assets for athletes to achieve success. One psychological aspect is self-confidence and anxiety prior to a match. Currently, these aspects significantly influence an athlete's ability to understand the game pattern. Therefore, knowledge regarding anxiety and self-confidence in athletes before a match begins is necessary. Purpose : This study aims to determine the levels of anxiety and self-confidence among male futsal athletes before a match. Methods:  The methodology employed is quantitative descriptive, utilizing a questionnaire comprising 31 items administered to 12 male futsal athletes. Data were analyzed descriptively using percentages and categorized according to the categories corresponding to each score obtained. Results will be presented using tables and frequency diagrams. Results: The study found that 75% of athletes still had high anxiety levels and 75% had high self-confidence levels. The lowest anxiety score was 8.33%, and self-confidence scores were in the high and very high categories. Conclusion: It is recommended that athletes regularly engage in mental training to reduce anxiety levels and maintain and enhance self-confidence, thereby optimizing performance during matches. Additionally, further research is needed involving a larger and more diverse sample, including gender differences, to identify other influencing factors.

Acne vulgaris is a common form of inflammation that affects the polysebaceous unit, and is common among young adults and adolescents. Acne vulgaris is characterized by the presence of papules, comedones, nodules and pustules. This study aims to examine the relationship between sunscreen use and the severity of acne vulgaris in medical faculty students at Muhammadiyah University, Semarang. This study used a cross-sectional design. The sample in this study were students from the medical faculty at Muhammadiyah University, Semarang, who were included in the inclusion criteria. This research data was taken through a questionnaire distributed via zoom meeting. Data analysis in this study used the Spearman Rank test. The results of the analysis, it was found that there was a relationship between the use of sunscreen and the degree of acne vulgaris in medical faculty students at Muhammadiyah University, Semarang. (p = 0.041).

Noodles are commonly made from wheat flour, which is high in carbohydrates but low in fiber, vitamins, and minerals. To enhance their nutritional value, this study used broccoli leaf flour, a vegetable source rich in nutrients and antioxidants. The aim was to evaluate the organoleptic and chemical qualities of dried noodles with added broccoli leaf flour. The study used a completely randomized design with three treatments and two replications. Organoleptic tests (color, aroma, texture, and taste) were conducted by 60 panelists. Chemical analysis measured carbohydrate, protein, fat, calcium, fiber, and moisture content. The results showed that noodles with 10 grams of broccoli leaf flour (treatment B) were most preferred by panelists. This treatment also had improved nutritional content, especially in fiber and calcium, while maintaining acceptable product quality. In conclusion, broccoli leaf flour is a promising ingredient to improve the nutritional value of dried noodles and develop functional food that is well-accepted by consumers.

As a key source of animal protein in Indonesia with growing demand, this study examines the income levels of broiler chicken meat vendors at Tanjung Pura Market, Langkat Regency. Despite fluctuating prices and limited purchasing power among consumers, traditional markets continue to serve an essential function in meat distribution. The objective of this research is to assess the income of broiler chicken sellers by analyzing production costs, output, profits or losses, R/C ratio, and break-even point (BEP). Using a total sampling method, ten vendors at Tanjung Pura Market were chosen as the research subjects. A qualitative approach was applied through descriptive analysis.

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of adding different levels of urea fertilizer (ppm Urea-N0,75,150,225,300) on the effectiveness of bio-nitrification in the studied soil. The study treatments for this experiment were (4 soils of different textures and locations × 5 urea levels × 3 replicates) in an experiment in which a completely randomized design (CRD) was used. It was incubated at laboratory temperature (25°C) for 40 days, during which the amount of formed nitrates and remaining ammonium was measured every ten days, noting the replacement of lost water every two days. The highest percentage of formed nitrates (39.8%) was recorded from the ammonium added to Basrah soil after ten days of incubation, followed by Kut soil, which recorded 29.8%, and less than that in Shatra soils (24.2%) and Fajr soils (23.7%). After that, the efficiency of nitrification decreased in the subsequent incubation periods up to 40 days of incubation.The percentage of ammonium remaining from urea added to the soil was recorded after the four incubation periods at 20.0 ppm (when adding 225 ppm urea to the Qurna soil), which differed significantly from the rest of the studied soils.

Bullying in school environments is a serious issue that negatively affects children’s physical, psychological, and social development. As individuals in a growth phase, children have the right to receive adequate legal protection. This study aims to raise students' awareness of the dangers of bullying and to provide an understanding of the available legal protection for victims. The activities were conducted through direct outreach in seven elementary and junior high schools in Palangka Raya using educational videos, banners, and pocket books. The results showed high enthusiasm from students and improved understanding of types of bullying, its impact, and the legal protections available. Collaboration between educational institutions, the government, and society proved effective in creating a safe and child-friendly school environment.

This study aims to uncover the power of speech acts in inspirational quotes by KHR. Ahmad Azaim Ibrahim. Using a qualitative approach, this study analyzes various quotes produced by this figure and explores their meaning and impact on society. Text analysis methods are used to understand the social, cultural, and psychological contexts behind each quote. The results show that the speech acts in these quotes function not only as motivation but also as tools for shaping positive thought patterns and behaviors. The implications of these findings demonstrate the important role of language in building public awareness and enthusiasm. This research is expected to contribute to the development of linguistics and social psychology studies, as well as encourage the use of inspirational language in everyday life.

This research aims to explore and describe teachers' beliefs about teaching English in elementary schools. The research participants were elementary school English teachers in Kediri. The data were collected using a semi-structured interview which allowed the participants to share their thought and experiences in English teaching for young learners. By gaining insights into teachers' beliefs, this study seeks to offer a fresh perspective on effective English teaching strategies. The findings aim to empower teachers in fostering more impactful teaching environments. The teachers believed that they should consider the characteristics of young learners in teaching English and their psychological factors. Thus, teachers believed that teaching English should be fun. They used some techniques to make the teaching learning fun, for example by using pictures, videos, songs, etc.