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This research is motivated by the importance of achieving the success of the tahfidz program at the Tebuireng 08 Islamic Boarding School in Banten, which faces a number of limitations in strategic management aspects. Therefore, this research focuses on planning, evaluation, and exploration of internal and external factors that have the potential to influence the success of the tahfidz program. The theoretical framework used in this research is the theory of strategic management and the theory of Al-Qur'an memorization, which are considered relevant to understanding the dynamics of the implementation of the tahfidz program in Islamic boarding schools. This research uses a qualitative approach with the aim of digging in depth information related to the strategies, mechanisms, and practices of implementing the tahfidz program at the Tebuireng 08 Islamic Boarding School. The data collection process was carried out through in-depth exploration so that a real picture of the program planning and implementation was obtained. The results of the study indicate that the tahfidz program is implemented through tiered stages starting from the formulation of the institution's vision, mission, and objectives, then translated into the form of a tahfidz program as the main program. The findings of this study confirm that the planning of the tahfidz program at the Tebuireng 08 Islamic Boarding School (Pondok Pesantren Tebuireng 08) adheres to strategic management principles, particularly through a trend-watching mechanism that takes into account the internal and external conditions of the Islamic boarding school. This makes the planning more implementable and focused on achieving the desired goals. Furthermore, the program's success is supported by a continuous evaluation mechanism that allows for dynamic improvements and adjustments. Thus, this study emphasizes that the success of the tahfidz program is determined not only by spiritual aspects, but also by strategic management that is systematic, planned, and adaptive to environmental changes.

The digital era has brought profound transformations in religious life, creating both opportunities and challenges for the younger generation of Christians in maintaining their faith. The Toraja Church Youth Fellowship (PPGT) of the Buntu Masakke Congregation is one such community struggling to maintain the steadfastness of its youth's faith amidst the tide of globalization, the temptations of materialism, worldly positions, and the increasingly prevalent dynamics of interfaith romance. This reality drives the need for a faith training strategy that is relevant, contextual, and utilizes the potential of digital technology wisely. This study aims to implement an effective faith training strategy for PPGT through the use of digital media to produce church youth who not only unleash strength in faith, but also grow spiritually and are able to serve in creative and impactful ways in the modern era. This study used a four-month practicum method involving 22 active participants. Three training modules were implemented in stages: (1) Rooted in God's Word in the Digital Age, which encourages the use of Bible applications and digital devotionals; (2) Growing in Christ's Character Amidst Worldly Temptations, which emphasizes the values of integrity, faithfulness, and holiness; and (3) Serving with Creativity and Relevance in the Digital Age, which invites young people to produce digital content with spiritual value. The results of the study showed significant success, with 95% achieving “rootedness,” 80% achieving “growth,” and 86% achieving “serving.” In fact, 63.6% of participants experienced spiritual transformation and are now active as digital ministry drivers. These findings confirm that digital media, when utilized strategically and in harmony with Christian values, can be an effective tool in fostering the faith of the younger generation. Therefore, the church needs to develop a sustainable and contextual digital training model to strengthen the role of young people in current and future ministry.

Amal Madani Indonesia (AMI) is a zakat philanthropic institution based in Cimahi, West Java, with a vision to empower communities through professional, transparent, and accountable management of zakat, infaq, and alms (ZIS) funds. As a zakat institution, AMI focuses not only on the collection and distribution of funds but also emphasizes the importance of good governance so that the collected funds can have a real impact on improving community welfare. This study aims to analyze AMI's contribution to improving community economic empowerment, evaluate the efficiency of zakat distribution, and examine the practice of Islamic philanthropic governance in the Cimahi region. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through field observations, documentation studies, and in-depth interviews with administrators and beneficiaries. The results show that AMI has a significant role in encouraging the socio-economic development of the surrounding community. The programs implemented are not only oriented towards distributing consumer assistance, but also focus on sustainable empowerment, for example through entrepreneurship training, mentoring micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), providing access to capital, and providing educational scholarships for children from underprivileged families. This strategy demonstrates that AMI is striving to shift the paradigm of zakat from merely a means of distributing welfare to an instrument for the economic development of the community. However, research also found several obstacles faced, including the program's distribution reach which is still limited to certain areas, limited human resources in managing empowerment programs, and low levels of zakat literacy among the community. The low understanding of some communities regarding the obligation of zakat has an impact on the potential for zakat collection that is not optimal. Therefore, efforts are needed to improve zakat education, optimize digital technology in collection and distribution, and strengthen collaboration with various parties, both government and the private sector.

This study aims to analyze the influence of Personal Branding, Perceived Value, and Product Quality on consumer purchasing decisions for Carolline Crafty Crochet home industry knitting craft products. The background of this study is based on the increasing competition in the handicraft business, so that business owners are required to be able to build a strong personal image, provide perceived value to consumers, and maintain product quality to increase purchasing attractiveness. The data source used is primary data obtained through distributing questionnaires to respondents. The population of this study were consumers who had purchased Carolline Crafty Crochet products both offline and online. The sampling technique used a nonprobability sampling method with a purposive sampling approach. The calculation of the number of samples used the Lemeshow formula and obtained 96 respondents who met the research criteria. Data analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS version 27 software through validity tests, reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, and partial and simultaneous hypothesis testing. The results showed that the variables Personal Branding, Perceived Value, and Product Quality had a positive and significant effect on consumer purchasing decisions. This indicates that the stronger the business owner's personal branding, the higher the perceived value felt by consumers, and the better the quality of the products offered, the greater the likelihood of consumers making purchasing decisions. These findings provide practical implications for small and medium enterprises (SMEs), particularly in the handicraft industry, that marketing strategies based on personal branding, increasing perceived value, and controlling product quality need to be optimized to increase consumer loyalty and purchasing interest. Thus, this study emphasizes the importance of integrating aspects of personal branding, perceived value, and product quality in shaping purchasing decisions, which can serve as a reference for developing sustainable business strategies in today's competitive era.

This study aims to analyze the effect of liquidity and credit risk on the profitability of banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2018–2022. Profitability is measured by Return on Assets (ROA), liquidity is proxied by the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), while credit risk is measured using the Non-Performing Loan (NPL) ratio. The research employs a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression analysis to test the partial and simultaneous influence of the independent variables on profitability. Data were obtained from the annual financial reports of banks published on the IDX, covering a five-year observation period. The results of the analysis show that credit risk, as measured by NPL, has a significant negative effect on bank profitability. This finding reflects that the higher the NPL ratio, the lower the bank’s ability to generate returns on assets, emphasizing the importance of effective credit quality management. In contrast, the liquidity level measured by LDR demonstrates a positive but statistically insignificant effect on ROA. This suggests that although liquidity plays a role in supporting banking operations, its direct impact on profitability is relatively weak when considered independently. However, when examined simultaneously, both credit risk and liquidity significantly affect bank profitability. These findings imply that effective credit risk management is a crucial determinant of financial performance in the banking sector. High levels of non-performing loans can erode bank profits, while optimal liquidity management supports operational efficiency, even if its impact is not strongly significant in isolation. From a managerial perspective, banks need to strengthen monitoring of loan quality, implement more prudent credit policies, and adopt sustainable liquidity strategies to enhance profitability. For regulators, the results highlight the importance of supervising asset quality and ensuring adequate liquidity management in the banking system. This study contributes to the literature on banking performance by providing empirical evidence on the interaction between credit risk, liquidity, and profitability in the Indonesian banking sector.

Learning fatigue is a serious challenge in the world of education, including in Christian Religious Education (CRE) subjects. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of active learning methods in overcoming learning fatigue among students in CRE subjects. Furthermore, it aims to provide theoretical and practical contributions to the field of basic education, particularly in formulating more adaptive, interactive, and psychologically appropriate learning approaches. This article employs a qualitative research method by analyzing the effectiveness of active learning methods as a solution to address such boredom. Active learning methods, which include strategies such as group discussions, simulations, role-playing, and project-based learning, have proven to increase students' cognitive, emotional, and social engagement. In addition to providing an enjoyable learning experience, this approach also reinforces Christian values in the context of PAK learning. This article concludes that active learning is not only capable of reducing learning boredom but also improving the quality of the learning process holistically. Therefore, teachers need to continuously develop their pedagogical and spiritual competencies to achieve transformative PAK learning that frees students from boredom. This study is expected to serve as a practical reference for teachers and policymakers in designing relevant, interactive, and contextual learning strategies. Moreover, the implementation of active learning methods in CRE subjects can also foster a deeper connection between students and the spiritual teachings of Christianity. By engaging students through hands-on activities such as role-playing biblical stories or collaborating on projects related to Christian values, students are encouraged to actively reflect on their faith in a more meaningful and personal way.

The implementation of a recommendation feature in the courier service selection system on e-commerce platforms is a technological innovation aimed at improving logistics efficiency while providing a more optimal user experience. Through this feature, consumers can find alternative delivery services based on certain indicators, such as cost, estimated time, and service quality. However, in practice, the implementation of recommendation features has the potential to raise legal issues when platforms prioritize internal couriers or certain partners without transparency and clear objective indicators. This situation can lead to discriminatory treatment, limit market access for other businesses, and reduce consumer freedom in choosing services. This study aims to analyze the implementation of recommendation features by e-commerce platforms from a competition law perspective, specifically based on Law Number 5 of 1999 concerning the Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition. The method used is normative juridical research with a descriptive-analytical approach, through the review of secondary data in the form of laws and regulations, literature, and the practice of implementing recommendation systems in the digital industry. The research results indicate that recommendation features that unilaterally prioritize internal couriers without objective basis and without information transparency have the potential to violate Article 19 letter d of Law Number 5 of 1999. This practice can hinder competition, close opportunities for other courier service providers, and create distortions in the digital logistics ecosystem. Therefore, this study recommends that recommendation features in e-commerce be designed in a neutral, transparent manner, and based on objective indicators, such as rates, estimated delivery times, and service performance. This will maintain healthy business competition and protect consumers' rights to obtain the best service options.

This study aims to evaluate the soundness of PT Bank Panin Tbk during the 2014–2024 period using the RGEC method, which assesses four key dimensions: risk, governance, earnings, and capital. This research approach is quantitative and descriptive, utilizing secondary data sourced from annual reports, financial statements, and officially published corporate governance documents. Each component is analyzed using relevant indicators, such as the NPL ratio, LDR, PDN, ROA, ROE, BOPO, NIM, and CAR. The results indicate that PT Bank Panin Tbk's risk profile, as reflected in the NPL, PDN, and LDR ratios, is largely in the healthy category, demonstrating the bank's ability to effectively manage credit and liquidity risks. An evaluation of corporate governance, based on consistent self-assessment reports over ten years, also demonstrates the achievement of a healthy rating, reflecting the bank's commitment to maintaining the principles of transparency, accountability, and regulatory compliance. Regarding earnings, profit performance, as measured by ROA, ROE, BOPO, and NIM, shows stable and positive results, confirming the bank's ability to generate sustainable profits. Meanwhile, in terms of capital, the CAR ratio recorded excellent performance and was a dominant factor in maintaining capital resilience while meeting the capital adequacy standards set by regulators. These findings confirm that PT Bank Panin Tbk was in overall good health throughout the study period. The results of this study are expected to provide strategic input for bank management in maintaining positive performance and for regulators as material for evaluating banking policies.  

This study aims to analyze customer satisfaction with the Byond by BSI service at PT Bank Syariah Indonesia Tbk KCP Palembang KM 6, focusing on the influence of service quality and security. The research population consisted of 2,800 customers, with a sample of 97 respondents selected through purposive sampling. A quantitative approach was employed, using a structured questionnaire as the primary data collection instrument. The collected data were analyzed using multiple linear regression, accompanied by instrument testing, classical assumption testing, as well as t-test, F-test, and the coefficient of determination (R²). The findings reveal that both service quality and security have a significant impact on customer satisfaction, both partially and simultaneously. The results indicate that customer satisfaction is not only determined by responsive, accurate, and accessible service quality but is also strongly influenced by the reliability of the security system provided. The regression coefficient shows that security has the most dominant effect, with a value of 0.427, which is higher than the influence of service quality. This highlights that the sense of safety in conducting digital transactions is the primary concern for customers when using Byond by BSI services. The implications of this study emphasize the importance for banks to continuously improve the quality of digital services, particularly in terms of responsiveness, speed of access, and ease of use of the application. In addition, strengthening digital security mechanisms, including customer data protection, transaction encryption, and early detection of potential cyber threats, is crucial in building and maintaining customer trust. The study further underlines the need for continuous improvement in both service quality and security systems as a key strategy to address the challenges of digital banking transformation in an increasingly competitive environment. Therefore, this research contributes to the development of Islamic banking management strategies that focus on customer satisfaction and loyalty in the digital era.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the income of female entrepreneurs in the banana chips business in Unaaha City, Konawe Regency. This research was conducted in Unaaha City, focusing on two female entrepreneurs who are actively engaged in the banana chips business. The sample was selected using random sampling, targeting individuals who could provide relevant data for the research. The study utilized both primary and secondary data sources to gather comprehensive information. Primary data was collected through interviews with the entrepreneurs, while secondary data was obtained from relevant records and reports. To achieve the research objectives, an income analysis method was applied to evaluate the income levels of the banana chips businesses. The findings revealed that the average monthly income from the banana chips businesses in Unaaha City was Rp 11,084,532, with a typical entrepreneur earning approximately Rp 5,542,266 per month. In comparison, the average total income was Rp 10,262,500 per month, and the average total costs amounted to Rp 4,720,234 per month. This income analysis provides insight into the economic viability of banana chips businesses operated by female entrepreneurs in Unaaha City, indicating that these businesses can generate substantial income despite challenges. The study highlights the role of female entrepreneurs in contributing to the local economy and provides valuable information for future business development strategies. Furthermore, it suggests that with proper support, such as access to training and capital, female entrepreneurs in the region can improve their business sustainability and profitability. This research could serve as a reference for similar studies and could help policymakers design programs that support small-scale female entrepreneurs in the region.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of the work environment, work pressure, and social support on the performance of employees at the palm oil processing factory of PT. Tani Prima Makmur. This research was conducted at the office of the palm oil processing factory located in Lerehoma, Anggaberi District, Konawe Regency. A questionnaire was used as the primary tool for data collection, with a Likert scale employed to measure the responses to various statements related to the work environment, work pressure, social support, and employee performance. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to examine the relationships between the independent variables (work environment, work pressure, and social support) and the dependent variable (employee performance). The results of the t-test revealed that the significance value of the work pressure variable (X2) is 0.000, which is smaller than the 5% threshold (0.000 < 0.05), indicating that work pressure significantly affects employee performance. Similarly, the significance value for the social support variable (X3) is 0.000, which is also smaller than 0.05, suggesting that social support has a significant impact on employee performance. In contrast, the significance value for the work environment variable (X1) is 0.615, which is greater than 0.05 (0.615 > 0.05), indicating that the work environment does not significantly affect employee performance in this case. These findings suggest that while work pressure and social support are crucial factors influencing employee performance, the work environment may not play as significant a role in improving performance at PT. Tani Prima Makmur. The study highlights the importance of providing adequate support and managing work pressure to enhance employee productivity in the palm oil processing industry. Further research may explore other potential factors that could contribute to improving employee performance in similar contexts.

This study aims to analyze cash management practices in Batik MSMEs in Cirebon Regency using a qualitative approach that combines direct observation and in-depth interviews with business owners. The study found that most Batik MSMEs still rely on manual cash management systems, which ultimately poses various challenges, particularly in terms of unstructured financial recording and minimal cash flow planning. This condition makes it difficult to communicate receipts and expenditures in real time, potentially leading to errors in fund management and disrupting business financial stability. Furthermore, the study revealed variations in cash receipt recording methods, such as daily or weekly recording, which are inconsistent across MSMEs. This impacts transparency and effective financial control. The lack of thorough cash flow planning also makes it difficult for business owners to deal with insufficient liquidity, especially when there is a surge in sales or sudden needs. As a result, some MSMEs experience problems meeting their payment obligations on time, including to suppliers and employees. The findings of this study highlight the importance of financial literacy education for Batik MSMEs so they can understand the basic concepts of cash management well. Furthermore, the use of digital technology, such as simple financial recording applications, is highly recommended to improve efficiency and accuracy in cash flow management. This technology implementation is expected to assist MSMEs in making more informed financial decisions and supporting the long-term sustainability of their businesses. Therefore, this study provides strategic recommendations for local governments and MSME support institutions to provide adequate training and technological facilities to strengthen financial management capacity in the batik MSME sector in Cirebon Regency.

Sharia financing is a key instrument that Islamic banks must promote in channeling third-party funds. This aligns with the basic principles of Islamic banking, which emphasize fairness, partnership, and business sustainability. Therefore, it is crucial to examine how various Islamic financing schemes impact Islamic bank profitability. This study focuses on Bank Mega Syariah, using secondary data sourced from quarterly financial reports for the period 2017 to 2024. The financing variables analyzed include musyarakah, mudharabah, murabahah, and ijarah, while profitability is measured using relevant financial performance indicators. The analysis method used is a quantitative approach using regression techniques to examine the effect of each type of financing on bank profitability. The results show that musyarakah, mudharabah, and murabahah-based financing have a positive and significant impact on profitability, meaning that the higher the distribution of these three types of financing, the greater their contribution to increasing bank profits. These findings indicate that the business partnership model, profit-sharing system, and profit margin stipulated in the murabahah contract significantly contribute to maintaining profit growth. Conversely, ijarah financing did not significantly impact profitability. This may be due to the characteristics of ijarah, which tends to be oriented towards fixed assets or leases, resulting in a relatively limited contribution to increasing short-term profits. Overall, this study provides important implications for Islamic bank management to further optimize the proportion of musyarakah, mudharabah, and murabahah financing as a strategy to boost financial performance and maintain business continuity amidst the competitive Islamic banking industry.

Education plays a vital role in improving human resource quality, making it essential for addressing challenges in developing countries, such as inequality, poverty, and cultural instability. Teachers, as key facilitators in the learning process, are central to achieving educational goals, with performance influenced by internal factors like self-efficacy and external factors like organizational climate and leadership style. This study examines the influence of organizational climate and transformational leadership on teacher performance at SMK 3 Sukawati, with self-efficacy as a mediating variable. The population and sample include all 55 teachers, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected via questionnaires, interviews, and documentation, then analyzed using path analysis. Results show that organizational climate and transformational leadership positively and significantly affect both teacher performance and self-efficacy. Self-efficacy also positively and significantly influences performance. Additionally, organizational climate and transformational leadership indirectly impact teacher performance through self-efficacy.

Human resources (HR) are a crucial component of any organization, playing a vital role in determining its development and success. One key aspect of HR management is employee performance, which reflects the quality and quantity of employee output in meeting company targets. This study focuses on PT REX Denpasar, a logistics company that experienced fluctuations in monthly revenue throughout 2023. This phenomenon indicates performance issues related to work quantity, delivery accuracy, and time efficiency. Several operational issues identified included variability in staff productivity, delays in delivery schedules, and inaccuracies in shipping data processing. To explore solutions to these challenges, the study examined the role of managerial leadership and financial incentives in improving employee performance, with job satisfaction as a mediating variable. This study covered all 40 employees of PT REX Denpasar, using a comprehensive enumeration sampling method. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and a review of organizational records. Analysis was conducted using a structural path modeling approach to examine the relationships between variables. The results showed that managerial leadership had a significant effect on job satisfaction, as did the financial incentives provided by the company. Furthermore, leadership quality and compensation systems have been shown to have a positive correlation with improved employee performance. Furthermore, job satisfaction was found to act as a substantial mediator, strengthening the influence of leadership and compensation on performance. Thus, improving leadership quality and improving compensation mechanisms not only have a direct impact but also an indirect impact through increased job satisfaction.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the use of Village Funds in Mengkait Village, South Siantan District, Anambas Islands Regency, Riau Islands Province. The Village Fund is a strategic policy of the government in order to accelerate the development and empowerment of village communities, so it is necessary to evaluate the extent to which the funds are used appropriately and effectively. The research approach used is qualitative descriptive with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation of informants consisting of village officials, community leaders, and beneficiary communities. This study uses four indicators of effectiveness, namely accuracy of timing, accuracy of cost calculation, accuracy in measurement, and accuracy in thinking. The results of the study show that the use of Village Funds in Mengkait Village in general has been quite effective. The timeliness of the implementation was largely achieved, although some activities experienced delays due to weather and logistical factors. In terms of cost calculation, the village government has prepared the budget in a participatory and transparent manner, although there have been some adjustments due to price changes in the field. Accuracy in measurements shows that physical activities have been carried out in accordance with the technical plan, although there is still a need for increased supervision and accuracy in implementation. Meanwhile, precision in thinking is reflected in program planning that starts to be based on data and the real needs of the community, although not completely visionary or long-term. The village government has shown progress in implementing the principles of good governance and village development management. In conclusion, the effectiveness of the use of Village Funds in Mengkait Village has reached a fairly good level. To increase effectiveness in the future, it is recommended to increase the capacity of village officials, strengthen the monitoring and evaluation system, and actively participate of the community in all stages of Village Fund management.

Hairstyling is a crucial aspect of enhancing one’s aesthetic appearance and self-expression, with the Hollywood Wave being one of the most iconic and classic styles. Characterized by large, shiny, and neatly arranged “S”-shaped waves, this style requires accuracy in both technique and tools. One of the most influential factors in achieving the desired look is the diameter of the curly iron used. Observations during an internship at a national television station revealed that different curly iron diameters, specifically 28 mm and 25 mm, produce varied results when applied to long straight hair. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of using 28 mm and 25 mm diameter curly irons in creating Hollywood Wave styles. The research employed a quantitative method with a One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The independent variable was the Hollywood Wave styling technique, while the dependent variable was the styling result measured across three indicators: wave shape, wave durability, and wave volume. The sample consisted of students who had completed the Hair Styling course and had long straight hair, selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, followed by normality, homogeneity, and hypothesis testing to ensure validity. The findings demonstrate that the 28 mm curly iron performs more effectively than the 25 mm in producing Hollywood Waves that are neater, longer-lasting, and more voluminous. Statistical analysis confirms a significant difference between the two diameters in achieving optimal styling results. This suggests that the larger diameter curly iron not only provides a smoother and more polished wave pattern but also improves the durability and overall quality of the style. The study contributes to hairstyling practices by offering evidence-based insights into tool selection for professional styling, particularly for achieving the Hollywood Wave look.

Manado City is highly vulnerable to hydrometeorological disasters due to its geographical conditions, rapid and uncontrolled urbanization, and the intensifying impacts of climate change. These risks underline the importance of effective disaster mitigation strategies that go beyond government intervention and involve active participation from communities and non-governmental organizations. In this context, collaboration among various actors becomes a crucial foundation for developing an adaptive and participatory disaster governance system. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of actor collaboration in disaster mitigation efforts in Manado City, with particular emphasis on patterns of interaction, role distribution, and structural as well as cultural barriers that influence the effectiveness of multi-stakeholder synergy. Employing a qualitative case study approach, this research relies on secondary data gathered from official documents, government policy reports, and relevant academic publications. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify key themes and relational dynamics among stakeholders. The findings reveal that although strong driving factors exist—such as a high level of disaster risk, increasing public awareness, and the availability of institutional frameworks—collaboration remains largely procedural and government-dominated, with limited engagement from non-government actors. Challenges such as weak trust among stakeholders, insufficient substantive dialogue, and the absence of an integrated disaster information system continue to hinder the realization of effective collaborative practices. The study concludes by highlighting the urgency of adopting a collaborative governance model that emphasizes equality, mutual trust, and meaningful participation. Theoretically, this research contributes to the discourse on disaster governance by providing insights into actor relations in a disaster-prone urban context. Practically, it proposes an adaptive collaboration framework that can be replicated in other cities facing similar disaster vulnerabilities, thereby strengthening resilience and community preparedness.

This research is motivated by the problem of the effectiveness of the BKKBN Banten Province family planning program in realizing quality families in Serang City based on Law Number 52 of 2009 concerning Population Development and Family Development. The identification of the research problem is how effective is the BKKBN Banten Province KB program in efforts to realize quality families in Serang City? and what are the factors that influence the effectiveness of the BKKBN Banten Province KB program and solutions in facing obstacles to realizing quality families in Serang City. The theory used is the theory of legal effectiveness and the theory of the welfare state. The method used is empirical juridical, the research specifications used are descriptive qualitative. Using research data sources in the form of primary data and secondary data. Meanwhile, the data collection technique used in this study uses literature studies and field research. The data analysis used is a qualitative descriptive approach. The results of this study indicate that the family planning program from the BKKBN of Banten Province has been quite effective in realizing quality families in Serang City. The conclusion of this study is that the effectiveness of the KB program in realizing quality families in Serang City is quite effective, this is based on a review of the effectiveness of law from Soerjono Soekanto on five aspects of legal effectiveness, namely legal factors, law enforcement, facilities and infrastructure, society, and culture. However, it still faces obstacles in cultural factors and its society. In addition, the iBangga value in Serang City is 53.41, which indicates that Serang City is in the fairly good (developing) category. This study shows the role of the government in improving the welfare and quality of life of the community. In this case, in an effort to fulfill social services through the BKKBN Banten Province family planning program which aims to realize quality families in Serang City. The obstacles faced require improvements in the legal culture factor that needs to be improved with education and socialization in order to build awareness of the Serang City community about the importance of following the family planning program in realizing quality families in Serang City.

The phenomenon of increasing sexual violence crimes committed by children in Indonesia poses a dilemma for law enforcement. Children as perpetrators are legally responsible subjects, but they still require special protection. This study analyzes the dualism in the regulations of Law No. 11 of 2012 on the Juvenile Criminal Justice Sistem (UU SPPA) and Law No. 35 of 2014 on Child Protection. A normative and empirical legal approach is used to assess the substance, philosophy, and implementation of both laws. The results indicate inconsistencies in the application of restorative justice principles (diversion) and repressive sanctions. It is recommended that regulations be harmonized and the capacity of law enforcement officials be strengthened to achieve a fair and recovery-oriented sistem.