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The purpose of this study was to determine the Economic Independence of the Nias Ethnic Group as a survival strategy in the face of social exclusion in Tarutung District, North Tapanuli Regency. The research method used was qualitative research. Data collection using techniques, observation, interviews and documentation. From the results of the study obtained. The economic independence of the Nias ethnic group can be seen from the existence of barbershops and tailors that have developed in Tarutung District. Social exclusion occurs among the Nias ethnic group which results in the Nias ethnic group preferring to create their own businesses. The economic adaptation strategy of the Nias ethnic group in Tarutung District, North Tapanuli Regency, that the economic adaptation strategy carried out by the Nias Ethnic Group is generally by utilizing social networks by utilizing social networks of family, friends, and communities. The Nias ethnic group who migrated to Tarutung, some of them have family or relatives who have migrated to Tarutung. Through the use of this network, the Nias ethnic group is able and easy to get information opportunities regarding job opportunities and business opportunities. Managing their own business is adjusted to their interests or skills, this business is limited in scale and managed by one individual. The Nias ethnic group establishes their own business because they have capital, either from capital collected by themselves or capital assistance from their families. adapting to existing jobs and in accordance with their respective skills. The development of the barbershop or sewing business of the Nias ethnic group in Tarutung greatly influences the development of the economic progress of the Nias ethnic group in Tarutung.

The digital era has brought major changes to various aspects of life, including in the world of education. One of the main challenges that has emerged is how to shape the character of the younger generation amidst the flow of information that is so fast, free, and uncontrolled. The negative influence of social media, the decline in direct social interaction, and weak control over digital content consumed by students are serious obstacles in the implementation of character education. This article discusses these challenges while offering strategies that can be implemented by educators, parents, and educational institutions. The strategies outlined include the wise integration of technology in character learning, strengthening the role of the family as the first and foremost educational environment, and the importance of role models and consistency of moral values in everyday life. Through an adaptive, collaborative, and sustainable approach, character education can remain the foundation in forming a generation that is not only intellectually intelligent, but also has integrity, responsibility, and noble character in the digital era.

The case of young couples at the beginning of marriage still choose to live in the same house with their parents, especially from the husband's side, so that the wife is also required to follow her husband to live with his parents, in this case the in-laws for the wife, so that it can trigger household problems that encourage the in-laws to interfere in it. This study aims to determine the type of interpersonal conflict between daughters-in-law and mothers-in-law who live in the same house in the Batak Toba tribe in Situmeang Hasundutan Village, Sipoholon District and the causes of "sanding" between daughters-in-law and mothers-in-law who live in the same house in the Batak Toba tribe in Situmeang Hasundutan Village, Sipoholon District and How is the stereotype of society towards sanding between daughters-in-law and mothers-in-law who live in the same house in the Batak Toba tribe in Situmeang Hasundutan Village, Sipoholon District. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection was conducted through direct interviews with informants; daughter-in-law, mother-in-law, husband, traditional leader, community. Descriptive analysis technique was conducted to analyze the “Case of “Sanding” Between Daughter-in-Law and Mother-in-Law Who Live in the Same House in the Batak Toba Community in Situmeang Hasundutan Village, Sipoholon District, North Tapanuli Regency”. The results of this study indicate that in the Batak Toba community in Situmeang Hasundutan Village, the conflict between daughter-in-law and mother-in-law is seen as a natural thing that is unavoidable, because there are several factors that occur, namely several types of conflicts that occur: Role conflict, Communication conflict, Cultural value conflict, Personality conflict. There are 2 Stereotypes of the Batak Toba community in Situmeang Hasundutan Village towards daughters-in-law who live in the same house with their mothers-in-law, namely positive stereotypes and negative stereotypes. Positive stereotypes: Role as a household manager, Guardian of customary values, Helping each other with household chores. Negative stereotypes: Intergenerational conflict, feelings of being pressured or unappreciated, lack of privacy.

Does the presence of Facebook social media make changes in interactions, which are usually active housewives gossiping (light discussions) on the porch of the house, after the presence of Facebook social media, housewives choose to interact online rather than face to face. This research was conducted in Partali Toruan Village using qualitative research methods and informants who became informants were housewives in Partali Toruan Village. Data collection techniques were carried out by observation, interviews, documentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that Facebook has an impact on changes in interaction patterns in mothers in Partali Toruan Village, North Tapanuli Regency and these changes are planned changes or come from one's own will. Meanwhile, the conclusions based on the researcher's sub-problems are as follows: Most of the core of the negative impact of Facebook on changes in interaction patterns with family and the Partali Toruan community environment on mothers in Partali Toruan Village, North Tapanuli Regency is making Facebook social media a money field, namely by selling online, and eliminating boredom. Facebook has a negative impact if its users misuse Facebook as a life regulator.

This research aims to determine how the Village Customary Institution (LAD) strategies for revitalizing cultural heritage in Lumban Gaol Village. Whether the existence of the Village Customary Institution can revive cultural heritage and its impact on the surrounding community. This research was conducted in Lumban Gaol Village using qualitative research methods and informants who became informants, namely the chairman of the Village Customary Institution (LAD), village head, and community. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews, documentation, and drawing conclusions. The research results show that the strategies carried out by the Village Customary Institution (LAD) in revitalizing cultural heritage in Lumban Gaol Village include socialization strategies, namely LAD conducting socialization regarding the importance of preserving customs and culture. Culture experience, namely LAD inviting young people to clean cultural heritage and inviting children and the elderly to participate in the Cultural and Tourism Awareness Community in Lumban Gaol Village. Economic strategy, namely LAD together with the community building the village by managing cultural heritage to become a source of income for the community. Conservation strategy, namely LAD together with the community improving road access and repairing buildings by painting, renovating damaged ones, and beautifying the buildings so that the community or visitors feel safe and comfortable.

This study aims to explore the implementation of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) in Islamic education and its impact on students' social awareness. Project-Based Learning, which integrates active and collaborative learning, allows students to engage in projects that embody social values and Islamic teachings, such as empathy, justice, and social responsibility. Using a qualitative research method based on literature review, this study analyzes various literatures related to PjBL, Islamic education, and students' social character. The findings indicate that the implementation of PjBL can enhance students' social awareness by involving them in activities focusing on real-world social issues and linking them to Islamic principles. This method not only develops students' social skills but also strengthens their character in the context of Islamic values.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of contextual learning strategies in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) to build student character. The method used is library research with a qualitative approach, analyzing various literature related to contextual learning and character building within the context of PAI. The findings show that contextual learning positively impacts students' awareness of the importance of Islamic values applied in daily life. Through this approach, students are able to connect theory with practice, strengthen their moral and social attitudes, and build character in accordance with Islamic teachings. The implementation of contextual learning also encourages students to become more active, reflective, and responsible in living a religious life. This research contributes to the development of more relevant and experience-based religious education.

This study aims to analyze the application of storytelling in Islamic education as a method to cultivate noble character in early childhood. Storytelling is an effective approach to convey moral values and Islamic ethics through stories that touch children's emotions and imagination. The research method used is a literature review, which involves collecting, analyzing, and studying various literature related to Islamic education, children's character, and the application of storytelling in the context of religious education. The findings indicate that storytelling not only helps children understand moral values but also enhances empathy, religious awareness, and the formation of positive habits that are sustainable. This study also emphasizes the importance of the role of teachers and the environment in supporting the internalization of moral values in children. Overall, storytelling can be an effective method in early childhood moral education, with significant contributions to the formation of Islamic character.

Islamic education plays a crucial role in shaping the character and spiritual intelligence of students. Through Islamic learning strategies, students are not only provided with religious knowledge but also guided to develop moral, ethical, and spiritual values in their lives. This article discusses the influence of Islamic education on the development of spiritual intelligence, the role of educators, and the challenges and implications of its implementation. The research findings show that Islamic education significantly contributes to the formation of disciplined, honest, responsible, and empathetic individuals. Although there are some challenges in the implementation of this strategy, such as limited resources and resistance to religion-based approaches, Islamic learning strategies can have a significant positive impact on the moral and spiritual development of students. Islamic education also has positive implications in students' social relationships and the development of environmental awareness.

Learning strategies play a vital role in determining the success of the educational process, particularly in achieving learning objectives effectively and efficiently. This article aims to comprehensively examine fundamental concepts of learning strategies by addressing five main research questions: (1) what is the definition of learning strategies? (2) how are models, approaches, strategies, methods, and techniques of learning interrelated? (3) what are the classifications of learning strategies? (4) what are the essential components of a learning strategy? and (5) what considerations are important in selecting an appropriate learning strategy? Using a descriptive-qualitative approach, this article draws upon various educational literature, both classical and contemporary, to formulate a comprehensive understanding of learning strategies. The discussion on the definition highlights that a strategy is not merely a technical step but also a pedagogical framework that reflects a systematic way of thinking. Furthermore, this article emphasizes the importance of understanding the interconnectedness of learning models (conceptual frameworks), approaches (philosophical orientations), strategies (overall plans), methods (procedural steps), and techniques (practical actions) in order for educators to design cohesive and holistic learning processes. The classification of learning strategies is discussed based on the learning approach used, such as expository, inquiry-based, cooperative, contextual, and problem-based strategies—each with its own advantages and challenges. The article also identifies key components of learning strategies, including learning objectives, student characteristics, materials, media, methods, and evaluation. In choosing the appropriate strategy, the author highlights the need to consider factors such as learning goals, learner characteristics, available resources, and the socio-cultural context of the learning environment, particularly within the framework of Islamic education. The findings of this study are expected to contribute both theoretically and practically to the development of more contextual, adaptive, and relevant learning designs, especially for educators and prospective teachers within Islamic State Universities.    

ملخص البحث. يتميز نمو الأنثى الأولي والثانوي بالحيض كعملية أنثوية طبيعية. ويؤثر هذا التطور على التغيرات التي تطرأ على حياتها اليومية. وفي الإسلام يعتبر الحيض من العلامات التي تدل على بلوغ المرأة ووجوب تنفيذ جميع أوامر الله سبحانه وتعالى. ومن أساسيات العبادة التي يجب القيام بها الطهارة. ولكن بعض النساء لا يفهمن الطريقة الصحيحة للطهارة من الحيض رغم أنهن درسن فقه العبادات. ومعظمهن ما زلن يؤخرن وقت الطهارة من الحيض. وتعتمد الباحثة على فقهه كأداة تحليلية لكونه من علماء المذهب الشافعي، الذين تفقهوا في مسائل الطهارة، خصوصا في مسألة الحيض والنفاس والاستحاضة. وله كتاب في هذه المسألة بموضوع "الإبانة والإفاضة في أحكام الحيض والنفاس والاستحاضة على مذهب الشافعي. وهو ألّف هذا الكتاب مستنداً إلى آراء الفقهاء وأئمة المذهب الشافعي.. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تحليل حكم تأخير الاغتسال بعد الحيض من منظور الدكتور عبد الرحمن السقاف. ومنهج البحث المستخدم هو التحليل الوصفي، مع استخدام تقنيات جمع البيانات من خلال دراسة مؤلفاته ومقابلات مع مصادر تفهم أفكاره. وقد أظهرت النتائج أن تأخير الاغتسال له عواقب مختلفة حسب نية الفرد وحالته. وقد أكد الدكتور عبد الرحمن السقاف على أهمية الإسراع في الطهارة حتى لا تعطل العبادات الواجبة، ولكنه في الوقت نفسه يرى أن هناك ظروفاً معينة يمكن أن تكون عذراً للمرأة. والخلاصة أنه في منظور الفقه الشافعي كما يشرحه الدكتور عبد الرحمن السقاف، فإن الطهارة بعد الحيض مباشرة مستحبة وتصبح واجبة في الظروف العادية. ومع ذلك، هناك بعض الاستثناءات التي تستند إلى ظروف فردية يمكن أن تؤثر على حكم تأخير الطهارة.    

This article discusses the Direct Instruction strategy, a teacher-centered learning approach that emphasizes systematic and structured delivery of material. The purpose of this study is to address the following research questions: (1) What is meant by direct instruction strategy? (2) What are the characteristics of the direct instruction strategy? (3) What are its strengths and weaknesses? and (4) How is the direct instruction strategy applied in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) subjects? This article uses a library research method by examining various relevant theoretical sources. The findings indicate that direct instruction is an effective approach for delivering factual and procedural knowledge, particularly when learning objectives focus on mastering basic skills and understanding concepts in stages. This strategy is characterized by clear teacher guidance, structured learning steps, and continuous assessment. Its advantages include time efficiency and ease of classroom control, while its drawbacks involve limited student participation and less development of critical thinking skills. In the context of PAI learning, this strategy can be effectively applied to memorization materials, basic conceptual understanding, and character formation through concrete examples and teacher modeling.      

This study aims to describe the marketing strategy applied by Pondok Pesantren Tahfidzul Qur'an Darul Ulum Khulafaur Rosyidin in improving the image of the institution and attracting public interest in pesantren education. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out descriptively qualitative, with data validity testing through credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability tests. The results showed that the marketing strategy is carried out through determining the target market tailored to the needs of the community, determining the competitive position with other institutions, as well as the marketing mix through social media promotions, brochures, superior religious activities, and active involvement of all school components including alumni. The implementation of this marketing strategy has proven effective in increasing the number of new students and forming a positive image of the institution. Excellent programs such as Tahfizhul Qur'an become the main attraction of the pesantren. Thus, a planned marketing strategy that involves all elements of the school is very important in increasing public trust in pesantren educational institutions.

This article discusses "Contemporary Islamic Education Problems and Development Strategies," highlighting the various challenges faced by the Islamic education system in Indonesia. Issues such as value crisis, unclear educational goals, and curriculum inconsistency are the main focus of the analysis. The author emphasizes the importance of returning to the sources of Islamic teachings, such as the Qur'an and Hadith, to ensure that education is not only academically intelligent, but also rooted in moral and ethical values. In an effort to overcome these problems, educational development strategies that include curriculum innovation, improving teacher quality, and instilling spiritual values ​​are suggested. With a holistic approach, this article aims to provide guidance in a more relevant and effective Islamic education reform, which is able to produce a superior generation with noble character and is ready to face global challenges.

This study aims to examine the relevance of Paul's teachings on the Kingdom of God in the context of marturia (testimony) for the Batak community. In Paul's teachings, the Kingdom of God is not only understood as an eschatological dimension, but also as a calling for every person to live as a Witness of Christ in the midst of the world. This teaching invites Christians to live in love, justice, and hope based on the values ​​of the Kingdom of God. For the Batak community, which has a strong social and cultural tradition, Paul's teachings on the Kingdom of God have great potential to be applied in their daily lives. This study reveals how the teachings on the Kingdom of God can have a positive impact on the formation of authentic marturia in the midst of Batak socio-cultural life. By combining the principles of Paul's teachings and Batak cultural values, this study shows that the teachings are not only relevant for spiritual life, but also for the development of a more just and prosperous society, in accordance with the principles of the Kingdom of God.  

The irfani approach in the study of Islamic law is a method that integrates spiritual experience, intuition, and moral values in understanding and applying legal principles. This research aims to explore the relevance, implications, and challenges of the irfani approach within the context of Islamic law in Indonesia. By employing normative juridical analysis and literature study, this study finds that the irfani approach enriches the understanding of Islamic law by linking it to contemporary issues, such as social justice, environmental protection, and human rights. This perspective encourages a more holistic and ethical interpretation of legal principles, moving beyond rigid textual analysis. Furthermore, this research highlights the potential harmonization between Islamic law and customary law (adat law) in Indonesia. This integration can create a more inclusive, culturally adaptive, and community-responsive legal system, which aligns with Indonesia's pluralistic legal landscape. However, challenges remain in the widespread acceptance and implementation of the irfani approach. Resistance often arises from scholars and institutions that prefer conventional, textual, and rationalistic approaches to Islamic law, perceiving the irfani method as subjective or lacking legal rigor.Despite these challenges, strengthening education, scholarly dialogue, and interdisciplinary engagement between Islamic law scholars, legal practitioners, and policymakers can foster a greater appreciation for the ethical and spiritual dimensions of Islamic law. By incorporating mystical insights and moral considerations, the irfani approach has significant potential to contribute to the evolution of Islamic law in Indonesia, ensuring its relevance, inclusivity, and adaptability in addressing the complex challenges of modern society.

This study highlights a unique and interesting phenomenon in the realm of higher education marketing strategy. The Al-Amien Prenduan Islamic University Institute (IDIA) has successfully maintained its sustainability for over 40 years despite offering relatively affordable tuition fees. This research aims to develop a comprehensive marketing strategy for educational services at IDIA, as well as to explore the institution’s contribution to the development of service marketing in Islamic higher education. The study employs a qualitative field research approach, with data collection methods including observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed using grounded theory techniques, consisting of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. To formulate an effective marketing strategy, the research applies the marketing mix theory as a foundational framework. The educational service marketing strategy implemented at IDIA includes the provision of high-quality educational products, price humanization strategies that ensure affordability, selection of strategic campus locations, promotional activities tailored to community needs, human resource development, improvement of facilities and infrastructure, and the enhancement of service delivery systems. These strategies are designed to position IDIA as a competitive Islamic higher education institution. Furthermore, the research reveals the significant contributions of service marketing to IDIA’s growth. These include a steady increase in the number of new student enrollments, higher levels of customer satisfaction, an improved institutional image, and ongoing improvements in educational quality. Overall, this study offers valuable insights into how effective educational service marketing can support the sustainability and competitiveness of Islamic higher education institutions in Indonesia.

This study aims to analyze the application of technology in Islamic Religious Education (IRE) learning, focusing on the challenges and obstacles encountered, as well as the changes in the role of teachers in technology-based learning strategies. The approach used is a descriptive qualitative method with library research as the primary technique. Through the analysis of various relevant literatures, this study identifies the potential of technology in enhancing the effectiveness of IRE learning, as well as obstacles such as limited access to technology, skill gaps, and dependency on technology. Additionally, this study explores the transformation of the teacher's role from being an instructor to a facilitator, who focuses more on managing technology and creating a safe and inclusive learning environment. The findings of this study indicate that despite the challenges, technology holds significant potential to improve the quality of religious education, provided that efforts are made to overcome the existing barriers. 

The expository learning strategy in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) remains relevant as a classical Islamic scholarly heritage but requires creative transformation to address digital-age challenges. This article examines the implementation of expository strategies through literature study, analyzing philosophical foundations, effectiveness, contemporary challenges, and innovation models. The research reveals that expository strategies are effective for normative PAI materials but face complex challenges including shifting cognitive patterns of digital natives, decentralization of knowledge authority, and technological disparities. Various innovative models (interactive, contextual, multimedia, reflective) offer solutions by integrating traditional expository strengths with modern approaches. The study concludes that successful implementation requires paradigmatic reconstruction through "pedagogical ijtihad" balancing Islamic scholarly authenticity with 21st-century learning needs. PAI teachers must master three core competencies: depth of religious knowledge, pedagogical sophistication, and technological literacy. 

This study explores the role of Islamic education in supporting the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through a library research approach. Islamic education, with its emphasis on moral, spiritual, and social values, aligns closely with the principles of sustainable development. The study reveals that Islamic teachings on justice, equality, social responsibility, and environmental stewardship are in harmony with the goals outlined in the SDGs. Islamic educational institutions contribute to poverty alleviation, environmental awareness, and gender equality through curriculum content and practical programs rooted in Islamic values. However, challenges such as limited curriculum integration and lack of teacher capacity remain obstacles. Therefore, it is essential to enhance the curriculum, empower educators, and build partnerships between Islamic educational institutions and broader development stakeholders to ensure Islamic education becomes a significant agent in achieving the global goals.