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Hikayat as a classic work is often not widely understood by vocational school (Vocational High School) students who are related to various aspects such as language, culture and the historical context contained in the saga. Therefore, the researcher wants to solve the problem by researching directly into a class which also carries out teaching assistance activities in accordance with the requirements for completing semester 7. The subject of this research uses classroom action research. The subjects in this research were class X-I Computer Network Engineering (TKJ) students at Bina Jaya Vocational School. This research aims to find out how the use of saga as the level of knowledge of class (Computer Network Engineering), and how after carrying out the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model in analyzing the values contained in the saga text. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The data obtained was carried out through three cycles used in the pre-test-post phase of this research. Cycle I includes planning and implementation (acting), observation (observing), and evaluating (evaluating) learning activities as well as reflection (reflecting).

This research aims to develop audiovisual teaching materials based on Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) on Short Story Materials at SMA Negeri 14 Medan. The population of this study is class XI at SMA Negeri 14 Medan with a sample of 34 students. This research is a Research and Development (RnD) using the Borg and Gall model with stages 1) Potential and problems, 2) Data collection, 3) Product design, 4) Design validation, 5) Design revision, 6) Product trial, 7) Product revision, 8) Usage trial. After being carried out step by step, the validity test of the media of material experts is as many as 81% and media experts as many as 97% with the percentage results strongly agreeing to be used in the field (very feasible). Meanwhile, the assessment from students was 86.64% and Indonesian teachers were 96 with the category of suitable for use in the field.  This research produces teaching materials in the form of audiovisual (audio and video) based on Contextual Teaching and Learning on short story materials.

Fine arts learning in elementary schools has an important role in developing students' creativity and artistic spirit. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) in shaping the artistic spirit of elementary school students. This research uses a quasi-experimental design with an experimental group that applies CTL learning and a control group that uses conventional learning methods. The research subjects were students, and the data collection instruments included a drawing test, observation, and questionnaire. To compare the learning outcomes of both groups, the data were analyzed using t-test. The results showed significant differences between the experimental and control groups. Students who followed CTL learning showed improvement in creativity, self-expression, and understanding of fine art concepts compared to the control group. The findings indicate that CTL learning is effective in shaping students' artistic spirit, giving them the opportunity to connect learning materials with daily life through various interesting and challenging activities, which encourage them to think critically, creatively, and collaboratively. In addition, since CTL learning makes students feel more involved and active in the learning process, it can increase their motivation to learn.  

This research aims to describe the validity, practicality and capability of student learning outcomes using Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) based learning modules . The test subjects in this research involved 20 class X students of SMA Negeri 1 Tilango for the 2023/2024 academic year. The CTL-based module developed refers to the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) development model which is limited to the limited-scale trial development stage. The research results based on the CTL-based Module show the feasibility value of the valid criteria, the practicality of obtaining a score in the score range of 81%-100%, the learning outcomes of students using the N-Gain formula obtain a percentage value of 0.61% with medium criteria, so that the CTL-based Module is developed suitable for use as a learning medium to improve student learning outcomes on interaction material in ecosystems in class X SMA Negeri 1 Tilango.

The Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach effectively enhances meaningful and relevant biology learning while fostering critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving skills. By aligning with sustainable education principles, CTL supports the achievement of SDGs and equips students to address global challenges. It is recommended that educators receive training to design CTL-based strategies, integrate local and global themes, and explore its application across diverse educational contexts and models.

Learning is a harmony between students, teachers and resources in the learning environment. Learning models play an important role in achieving learning outcomes. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Contextual Teaching and Learning learning model on Elementary School Civics learning outcomes. Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) is a learning model that emphasizes the context of the material being studied which is linked to the daily lives of students so that students can understand the material well because they feel familiar with what they do in everyday life. The research approach used is qualitative with data collection techniques, namely literature studies. The results of this study indicate that the Contextual Teaching and Learning learning model is effective for student learning outcomes in the Pancasila Education subject in Elementary Schools.

This research delves into examining how the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model can be applied to enhance students' academic performance in Social Sciences (IPS) for fourth-grade students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI). This research centers on studying literature to examine how the CTL model connects academic content with students' everyday experiences. By enhancing students' critical and social thinking abilities, this study aims to offer insights to educators on how to incorporate successful teaching approaches in madrasas to enhance student academic performance.

The problem of education, especially in learning, is the low quality, relevance, and efficiency of learning so that the responsiveness and comprehension of students are very low. A learning approach is needed that fosters creativity and innovation in students, namely through the application of Contextual Learning (PKB). This article aims to explain the concept of implementing the Contextual Learning (PKB) model in the educational process in elementary schools. Contextual learning is an educational approach that allows instructors to connect learning materials with real-world scenarios and their relevance in the role of students as family members, citizens, and employees, while fostering active participation in the learning tasks required. The contextual approach (PKB) must be applied, because education is still dominated by the perception that knowledge consists of facts that require memorization. In this scenario, the function and role of the teacher remain dominant, so that students become obedient and uncreative. Students are expected to learn from personal experience rather than memorizing through this contextual approach. PKB emphasizes the importance of student involvement in finding material, highlights the importance of direct experience, and does not anticipate that students only absorb lessons; instead, PKB encourages students to actively seek learning resources. CTL improves students' ability to apply knowledge in real life, which shows that CTL not only aims for students to understand the topic but also understand how the topic affects their behavior in everyday life.

This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of fourth-grade students at SDN 107401 Pematang Lalang through the application of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) method. The research employed a classroom action research (CAR) design conducted over two cycles. Data were collected through learning outcome tests, interviews, field notes, and documentation, and were analyzed using quantitative descriptive statistics and qualitative analysis techniques. The results showed that before the implementation of CTL, the percentage of students achieving learning mastery was only 21.4% (3 students). After the implementation of CTL in Cycle I, this percentage increased to 42.8% (6 students), and in Cycle II, it further increased to 85.71% (12 students). These findings indicate that the CTL method is effective in improving students' learning outcomes in Social Studies on the topic of production technology, communication, and transportation in the past and present.

The essence of education as stated in the Preamble to the 1945 Constitution is to educate the nation, namely to form citizens who are creative and innovative in applying knowledge to face challenges in social, national, and state life. This study aims to determine the form of learning innovation applied by teachers in the Fiqh subject, especially in the material on usury at Madrasah Aliyah An Nur Pagar Jati. The method used is qualitative research with a field study approach. Data collection was carried out through interviews with subject teachers and students of class XI IPS 1 who were the subjects of the application of learning strategies. The strategy applied is the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach. Based on the results of the study, the CTL strategy has been implemented well at MA An Nur Pagar Jati and is able to improve students' understanding of the teaching material. To support the continuous improvement of the quality of education, evaluation and development of learning strategies need to be carried out continuously.

This study is motivated by the continued dominance of lecture-based and drill methods in Fiqh learning, which results in low student interest and enthusiasm. This contradicts the demands of the 2013 Curriculum, which emphasizes student activeness and critical thinking. Therefore, a more effective and efficient learning model is needed. The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model in improving students' understanding of Fiqh material at MTs Nurul Hidayah. This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the CTL model has been quite effective. This can be seen from the active involvement of students in the learning process through activities such as observing, discussing, working in groups, and connecting the material with real-life experiences. Learning through the CTL approach makes the process more meaningful and contextual, enabling students to gain a deeper and longer-lasting understanding of the Fiqh material.  

This study aims to explore the effect of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) method on improving student learning outcomes in Civic Education subjects in grade IV of SD Negeri 09 Rangkang. The background of this study is the low student learning outcomes caused by the use of conventional learning methods that are less effective. The method used is classroom action research (CAR) with two cycles, involving 30 students as subjects. Data were collected through observation, tests, and student worksheets. The results showed that the application of the CTL method can significantly increase student active participation and their learning outcomes. The average student score increased from 70 in cycle I to 85 in cycle II. In conclusion, the CTL method is effective in improving student learning outcomes and can be a good alternative for teachers in teaching complex materials. This study recommends that teachers apply the CTL method consistently to improve the quality of learning in the classroom. Thus, the CTL method can be a practical solution to the problem of low learning outcomes in elementary schools and help create a more interesting and interactive learning environment for students.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of Fiqh learning using the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach at MI Muhajirin. The type of research used is qualitative with a descriptive analytical approach. Data sources consist of primary and secondary data, which are obtained through observation, interview, and documentation data collection techniques. Data validity is guaranteed by triangulation techniques. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of CTL in Fiqh learning at MI Muhajirin is carried out in three stages: (1) initial activities that include introduction, (2) core activities, and (3) closing activities. Supporting factors in this learning include Fiqh reference books, teacher guidance, and parental support at home which also helps the learning process. The inhibiting factor is the difference in students' abilities in understanding the material, where there are students who understand quickly and some who need more time to grasp the lesson.

This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the Effect of Contextual Teaching And Learning Model on Students' Cognitive Learning Outcomes on Theme 5 Subtheme 3 Class III SDN Batang-Batang Daya II. This research is a quantitative study that uses the experimental method, with a Pre-Experimental design using the One-Group Pre-Test Post-Test Design. Data collection was carried out using the sampling method from the population. The number of students sampled was 21 students. Data was collected through giving Pre-Test and Post-Test questions. The results showed that the application of the Contextual Teaching and learning (CTL) learning model had a significant impact on student learning outcomes. The significance level of the results of the Paired sample T-Test test shows a value of 0.000, this indicates that there is a significant difference found in the effect. Based on the testing criteria if the Sig. (2-tailed) <0.05 (0.000<0.05) then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. This means that there is a significant influence in the application of the Contextual Teaching And Learning Model on Students' Cognitive Learning Outcomes on Theme 5 Subtheme 3 Class III SDN Batang-Batang Daya II.

Social skills are an important part of a humans ability to live, because social skills are very much needed in social life. Social skills are skills in interacting, communicating and collaborating with another people. Social skills also can be learned and developed through the learning process. With the increasing of social problems that occur, social skills are a very important skill to have. The aim of this research is to get an overview and analyze the development of students social skill levels through the implementation of the contextual teaching & learrning (CTL) model in Islamic Religius Education subjects. This research uses a qualitative field approach. The research location taken was SMP Negeri 2 Karangkobar Banjarnegara. The data sources used are primary data and secondary data. Primary data includes the results of interviews and observations. Meanwhile, secondary data is obtained from documentation results. Using three data collection techniques, namely interview, observations, and documentation. Analyzing data is carried out in three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusion. The conclusion of this research is that trhough the use of the contextual teaching & learning model, students social skills have increased, although not significantly. This is because forming and changing human character requires quite a long process and time. However, by consistently and always developing the CTL learning model that is carried out, it is hoped that it will be able to help teachers in their efforts to improve social skills. Therefore, the use of the CTL model is considered effective in helping teachers in efforts to improve students social skills.

The purpose of this study was to determine the significant effect of the Contextual Teaching and Learning model on the learning outcomes of class IV students at SDN Murtajih 1 in the mathematic subject area of flat shapes. This study uses quantitative methods with a Pre-Experimental Design and One Group Pretest-Posttest Design model. The sample was 23 students using the Total Sampling technique. Data collection used test instruments for student cognitive learning outcomes and teacher activity observation sheets. Based on the paired simple t-test, tcount 15.495 > ttable 2.073 shows that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted or there is a significant effect of the Contextual Teaching and Learning model on the learning outcomes of class IV students at SDN Murtajih 1 in the Mathematic subject area of flat shapes. Based on the N-Gain test, the influence of the effect was 61.52%. The application of the Contextual Teaching And Learning model in mathematics learning about the area of flat shapes in class IV at SDN Murtajih 1 took place over 2 meetings with a duration of 70 minutes for each meeting and was carried out very well with an average implementation percentage of 100%.

This research is motivated by problems experienced by students, such as continuous problems, the lack of interaction between friends can actually affect the student learning process, especially for class VII. Students are more limited or less active because they lack self-confidence and have difficulty communicating. Therefore, by implementing the contextual teaching and learning model, it is hoped that students can grow their self-confidence so that they can increase social interaction between students and create good learning activities. The research objectives are, to find out the step, supporting and inhibiting factors, impact of implementing the Contextual Teaching And Learning model in social studies learning in increasing the social interaction of class VII students at MTsN 3 Tulungagung. This research uses a qualitative approach, descriptive research type. Descriptive research is presented in the form of words found from observations which are then analyzed, interpreted and conclusions drawn. The population of this study was class VII MTsN 3 Tulungagung and school residents. Data collection techniques use interviews, observation and documentation. The results of the research are drawn to conclusions which show that the implementation of the Contextual Teaching and Learning model can increase social interaction between students, so that students tend to be more active and learning activities can run well.

The need for learning focuses on maximizing students' potential in facing today's global challenges. For this reason, a learning model that is in accordance with the demands is needed, one of which is to use the Problem Based Learning model and CTL-based teaching materials. The purpose of this study is to determine the increase in learning motivation and cognitive learning outcomes of students. This research is classroom action research. The subjects of this study were class X.1 students with a total of 36 students. While the object of this study is the motivation and cognitive learning outcomes of students after participating in learning by applying PBL learning models and CTL-based teaching materials. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK) with a qualitative approach to students. The results showed that student motivation in Cycle 2 increased compared to Cycle 1, which was shown by the average value of Cycle 2 of 88.19% (very good), higher than Cycle 1 only reaching 77.07% (good). Likewise, the cognitive results of cycle 2 students also increased by 91.66% and cycle 1 by 83.33%.

This research was motivated by the mathematics learning process it was found that students lacked interest in learning, so that their learning outcomes were considered low and not in accordance with the KKM set by the school. The aim of this research is to determine and describe students' interest in learning mathematics and self-confidence using the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach. This type of research is Qualitative Descriptive. The subjects of this research were 18 students of class VII MTsS YATI Kamang Mudik, taking 6 subjects for interviews. The results of this research show that students' interest in learning mathematics in the interested category is 73.57%. Increasing interest in learning makes student learning outcomes better. This can be seen from the results of the students' pre-test and post-test with an increase of 24.01%. Students also feel happy with the approach used, because students think that the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach can make it easier for students to understand the material taught by the teacher. The higher the student's interest in learning and self-confidence, the better the learning outcomes they get. A learning approach using Contextual Teaching And Learning can increase interest in learning mathematics and good student learning outcomes.

The purpose of this study was to increase student learning independence in Civics subjects by applying the contextual teaching and learning (CTL) learning model in class X IPS 3 SMA Negeri 8 Muaro Jambi. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK) with a research design using the Kemmis & Taggart spiral model. The research was carried out in 3 cycles where each cycle consisted of 3 meetings. Each cycle is carried out through 4 stages of activity, namely planning, implementing actions, observing (observation), and reflecting. The success criterion set in the research is 60%. The results showed that in cycle I the level of student learning independence increased from the initial condition of an average value of 23% to 49% but had not yet reached the established success criteria. Cycle I then made improvements to continue in cycle II. After the repairs were made, there was an increase in cycle II which increased by 9% to 58% but also did not reach the specified success criteria. Improvements were made again in cycle II to be continued in cycle III. The results of the research cycle III increased by 11% to 69%, which means that the action was declared successful because it had achieved the specified success criteria.Keywords: Independent Learning, CTL Learning Model