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Educational institutions play a vital role in shaping human resources and adapting to rapid changes. To address globalization and technological challenges, they must implement effective and sustainable reforms, with strategic leadership as a key driver. This study examines the role of strategic leadership in designing and implementing renewal models in educational institutions. It identifies factors influencing success and offers recommendations for effective practices. Strategic leadership is crucial in enhancing educational quality and system effectiveness. Leaders act as internal change agents, develop innovative strategies, and coordinate resources to achieve reform goals. Using library research methods, this study reviews literature, including books, journal articles, and research reports on strategic leadership and educational reform. Data analysis involves identifying themes, theories, and best practices. Findings reveal that strategic leaders function as visionaries, motivators, facilitators, and resource managers. Their effectiveness depends on clear strategy formulation, consensus-building, and resistance management. Support from stakeholders, effective communication, and community involvement are pivotal for successful reform implementation. This study emphasizes the importance of strategic leadership in fostering transformative changes within educational institutions.

This research focuses on improving the learning outcomes of class VII students in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) subjects, especially in prayer and dhikr material, which often experience obstacles due to ineffective conventional teaching methods. To overcome this problem, research was carried out using the Classroom Action Research (PTK) method involving 30 students, carried out in two cycles with planning, implementation, observation and reflection stages. The use of AI-based learning media Gamma: Presentations and Slide Decks is expected to increase student involvement and make understanding the material easier. The research results showed that in cycle I, 76.6% of students achieved the minimum completeness criteria (KKM), and this figure increased significantly to 93.33% in cycle II. These findings indicate that the implementation of Gamma is not only effective in improving student learning outcomes, but also creates a more interactive and interesting learning experience, thereby making a positive contribution to the quality of religious education at the junior high school level.

This study aims to identify the influence of religiosity on customer decisions in choosing Islamic banks using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The SLR process includes the stages of identification, assessment, and interpretation of literature, which resulted in 18 articles from 18 journals published between 2015 and 2022, indexed by SINTA, and have E-ISSN. The results of the study indicate that the influence of customer religiosity still has opportunities and challenges to be improved. This can be seen from the low level of customer religiosity, which is indicated by the lack of religious calling that influences their attitudes and behavior, as well as limited understanding of the prohibition of usury and the use of Islamic banks only for profit. Indicators of religiosity that play a role in influencing customer decisions to choose Islamic banks include the quality of Islamic products, avoidance of usurious transactions, profit sharing principles, and Islamic features. There is a gap in results between the samples studied, which can be a research gap for further studies. Recommendations for improving customer decisions include increasing religiosity, fulfilling customer needs, and the effectiveness of Islamic financial literacy. This study can be used as a reference for further research on the role of religiosity in influencing customer decisions in choosing Islamic banks.    

This study aims to examine the impact of training and work motivation on employee performance, with work discipline acting as an intermediary variable that mediates the influence of both variables on employee performance. This study uses a quantitative method with a descriptive design to gain a deep understanding of the relationship between these variables. The research sample consisted of all 49 employees of the Class II B Bantaeng Detention Center, selected using a saturated sampling technique, where all employees served as respondents. Data were collected through field observations and a questionnaire using a five-point Likert scale, which included questions regarding training, work motivation, work discipline, and employee performance. This questionnaire was designed to measure respondents' perceptions of the factors that influence their performance, as well as the relationship between the variables of training, motivation, work discipline, and employee performance. After the data were collected, an analysis was conducted using path analysis to identify the direct and indirect influences between the variables involved in the research model. The results showed that training and work motivation have a positive and significant influence on work discipline. This means that the better the training provided to employees, and the higher their level of work motivation, the better the employee's work discipline will be. Furthermore, good work discipline has a direct effect on improving employee performance. In other words, work discipline acts as a mediator that strengthens the relationship between training, motivation, and employee performance. These findings confirm that non-technical factors such as training and work motivation play a significant role in improving employee performance by enhancing their work discipline. This study provides important insights into the importance of effective training and high motivation to foster good work discipline, which in turn can improve employee performance.

This study aims to determine the effect of land area, number of workers and capital on the income of vegetable farmers in Ariepi Village, Kosiwo District, Yapen Islands Regency. The population in this study were all vegetable farmers in Ariepi Village, Kosiwo District, Yapen Islands Regency. The research sample was Ariepi Village I and Ariepi Village II, Ariepi, Kosiwo District, Yapen Islands Regency. The data collection technique used in this study was observation through interviews with vegetable farmers and analyzed using multiple linear analysis with the help of SPSS 22.0 for windows. The results of this study found that (a) there was a significant simultaneous effect between land area, number of workers and capital on the income of vegetable farmers in Ariepi Village, Kosiwo District, Yapen Islands Regency; (b) there was a positive and significant partial effect between land area, number of workers and capital on the income of vegetable farmers in Ariepi Village, Kosiwo District, Yapen Islands Regency. This study shows the contribution of the variables of land area, number of workers and capital to income of 84.6%, the rest, namely 15.4% is influenced by other variables not included in this study.

The study aims to analyze the effect of e-learning, knowledge sharing and job rotation on the performance of generation Z employees in Semarang City mediated by self-development. This research is quantitative type using PLS-SEM data analysis technique with SmartPLS 3.2.9 software. The results of this study prove that: (1) E-learning affects employee performance; (2) Knowledge sharing has no effect on employee performance; (3) Job rotation has no effect on employee performance; (4) Self-development affects employee performance; (5) E-learning affects self-development; (6) Knowledge sharing has no effect on self-development; (7) Job rotation affects self-development; (8) Self-development mediates e-learning on employee performance; (9) Self-development does not mediate knowledge sharing on employee performance; (10) Self-development does not mediate job rotation on employee performance.

This research is motivated by the low performance of employees which can be seen from the quality and quantity of work that is still not in accordance with the planning. The low performance of employees is thought to be influenced by ineffective communication, low employee commitment, and organizational culture that is still not conducive. The purpose of this study is to determine how communication affects organizational performance, how commitment affects organizational performance, how organizational culture affects organizational performance, and how communication, commitment and organizational culture together affect organizational performance. The method used in this study uses a quantitative descriptive method. To analyze it, statistical correlation and multiple regression test data analysis was used using SPSS version 22.00. The results of the study obtained provide the conclusion that communication has a positive and significant effect on organizational performance, commitment has a positive effect on organizational performance, organizational culture has a positive effect on organizational performance and communication, commitment and organizational culture together affect organizational performance.

This research is motivated by the low communication skills, the slow development process in villages throughout Purwaharja District is thought to be caused by the low skills of village officials throughout Purwaharja District. The ability here is seen from their daily performance which is sometimes unable to keep up with the demands of technological progress, or is also caused by their low level of education and work experience. The purpose of this study is to determine how communication skills affect village development, how the quality of village government officials' human resources affects village development, and how communication skills and the quality of village government officials' human resources together affect village development. The method used in this study uses a quantitative descriptive method. To analyze it, correlation and multiple regression statistical test data analysis was used using SPSS version 22.00. The results of the study obtained provide the conclusion that communication skills have a positive effect on village development, the quality of village government officials' human resources have a positive and significant effect on village development, and communication skills and the quality of village government officials' human resources together have a positive effect on village development.  

This study aims to obtain an overview of the community empowerment model through cash-intensive work policies in village development. This study uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The informants in this study were 12 people consisting of 4 Village Government members, 4 BPD members, and 4 community elements. In this study, the method used was a descriptive method or descriptive survey. The researcher used research procedures, namely: (1) orientation stage, (2) exploration stage, and (3) member check stage. The researcher used data processing and analysis techniques in a qualitative approach, namely: data review, data reduction, compilation of units and categories, checking the validity of data, and data interpretation. The results of the study indicate that: 1) Community empowerment in Banjar District Village, Banjar City is carried out by involving the community and village community institutions from development planning, development implementation and evaluation of development results; 2) Villages in Banjar District, Banjar City do not implement the cash-intensive work policy which is one of the priorities for the use of village funds in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations, because the benefits and impacts are not as expected; 3) The objectives of village development through the cash-intensive work policy cannot be achieved.

In recent years, demand for these products has increased along with awareness of the beauty and durability of bengkirai wood. Although SMEs contribute significantly to the Indonesian economy, they face challenges, including access to financing and production efficiency. This study aims to understand how Rumah Parquet accounts for costs related to maintaining environmental quality in its production process. The methodology used included interviews and regression data analysis to calculate Cost of Goods Manufactured (COGS), Operating Expenses (BOP), and profit and loss statements. The results show that Rumah Parquet has not fully integrated environmental quality costs in the COGS calculation, which has an impact on profitability and business sustainability. The findings provide insights for industry players on the importance of better cost management to improve product competitiveness. This research also contributes to the literature by highlighting environmental aspects in cost calculation in the SME sector.  

The phenomenon that occurs in this study is the lack of motivation or encouragement provided by the boss which results in employees not being optimal in achieving the work targets that have been set by the company. So that the role of superiors is very necessary in terms of motivation such as promotion, giving awards, and enthusiasm to build employee morale in doing work. The purpose of the study is to find out partially and simultaneously the relationship between work motivation variables and work discipline that affect employee performance. The type of research method used is a quantitative method with a saturated sample sampling technique. The findings in this study are (1) obtained a motivation calculation t value of 3.546 > ttable 2.003 with a Sig probability of 0.000 < 0.05 then motivation has a positive and significant effect on Employee Performance, (2) a discipline calculation t value of 2.574 > ttable 2.003 with a Sig probability of 0.022 > 0.05, then discipline has a positive but not significant influence on Employee Performance at the Department of Industry, Energy and Mineral Resources Trade North Sumatra Province.

This article examines pastoral counseling strategies for congregants whose Christian faith is weakened by sustained exposure to secular digital content. The problem is not framed as a deterministic claim that digital media directly destroys faith, but as a practical-theological concern: algorithmic personalization, secular moral imaginaries, online doubt communities, entertainment habits, and fragmented attention can reshape belief, practice, belonging, and trust in church authority. The study aims to construct a counseling model that is theologically responsible, psychologically informed, and pastorally usable in local churches. Using a conceptual qualitative design, the article synthesizes literature from digital religion studies, mediatization theory, adolescent and emerging-adult religiosity, media psychology, religious coping, and spiritually integrated counseling. The analysis identifies three main findings. First, faith degradation should be diagnosed as a layered process involving cognitive doubt, affective dryness, moral dissonance, ritual discontinuity, and communal displacement. Second, pastoral counseling must move beyond prohibition toward discerning digital habits, rebuilding spiritual attention, and restoring relational trust. Third, an integrated strategy is proposed: assessment of digital-spiritual formation, narrative and theological reconstruction, communal re-embedding, and digital rule-of-life practices. The article concludes that pastoral counseling in the digital age should function as a ministry of interpretive accompaniment rather than merely corrective instruction.

Fear of divine punishment is a spiritually charged form of distress that appears in ordinary religious struggle, moral injury, shame-based faith formation, and, in some cases, scrupulosity. This article examines pastoral accompaniment for Christian congregants who interpret suffering, intrusive thoughts, moral imperfection, or ordinary uncertainty as evidence that God is angry and punitive. The study addresses a constructive problem: many pastoral responses either normalize fear as evidence of seriousness before God or dismiss it as irrational anxiety, yet both responses can intensify spiritual distress. Using a conceptual qualitative design, the article synthesizes peer-reviewed studies on religious and spiritual struggles, scrupulosity, spiritually integrated care, moral injury, and practical theology. The analysis proposes that pastoral care should neither dilute theological seriousness nor reinforce punitive images of God. Its main synthesis is a threefold pastoral framework, differentiated assessment, grace-oriented theological reframing, and collaborative accompaniment that includes referral when symptoms suggest obsessive-compulsive disorder, trauma, depression, or suicidal risk. The article concludes that effective pastoral accompaniment moves congregants from retributive anxiety toward secure attachment to God, morally responsible agency, and communal practices of confession, assurance, lament, and restoration. The contribution is a constructive model for churches that treats fear of divine punishment as a theological-psychological struggle requiring discernment, doctrinal care, ethical boundaries, and interdisciplinary cooperation.

Study explores the integration of eco theology into Christian higher education curricula, focusing on the role of faith based environmental education in fostering environmental stewardship. Introduction: As the global ecological crisis intensifies, there is a growing need to incorporate ecological ethics into religious education, preparing future leaders to address environmental challenges. By integrating eco theology with sustainability practices, students are encouraged to view environmental stewardship as a spiritual responsibility grounded in biblical teachings. Literature Review: Previous studies emphasize the success of faith based educational approaches in raising ecological awareness and fostering sustainable practices, particularly in Islamic and Christian communities. Eco theology combines theological principles with environmental ethics, offering a holistic perspective on sustainability. Materials and Method: This study employs a mixed methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative data from interviews, surveys, and focus groups with students and faculty members at Christian institutions that integrate eco theology into their curriculum. The research examines changes in students' attitudes toward sustainability before and after participation in eco theology courses, focusing on practical applications of creation care. Results and Discussion: The findings indicate that the integration of eco theology significantly enhances students' ecological awareness and commitment to sustainability practices. Students report an increased understanding of the ethical and moral responsibility to care for creation, as well as greater engagement in community based conservation efforts. The results highlight the potential of eco theology as a transformative model in Christian higher education, equipping students with both ethical and practical tools to address the global ecological crisis.

The church has the main mandate to carry out the Great Commission as written in Matthew 28:18-20. In the context of an increasingly complex multicultural society in the digital era and society 5.0, the church is faced with the challenge of delivering the gospel in a relevant manner without losing its theological essence. This research aims to examine the theological contribution of the church in carrying out the Great Commission in a multicultural society and formulate effective strategies in evangelism. Using a qualitative method based on literature review, this research analyses literature from various sources of theology, sociology of religion, and multiculturalism studies. The results show that the church has an important role in building social harmony through interfaith dialogue, multicultural education, and inclusive and contextual evangelism strategies. Churches that understand local cultures can bridge social and religious differences without losing Christian values. In addition, the utilisation of digital technology in church mission strategies allows for greater reach in the spread of the gospel. However, challenges remain, including theological differences, resistance to evangelism, as well as limited church resources in social ministry. Therefore, a collaborative approach with various communities becomes a strategic solution to strengthen the impact of the church's ministry. This research confirms that the church needs to continue developing mission methods that are relevant to the times, while remaining true to its theological principles. By actively engaging in social ministry and interfaith dialogue, the church can become an agent of social transformation that brings peace and prosperity to a multicultural society.

This article examines the contribution of the Christian Religious Education  Programme with the concept of discipleship to the spiritual maturity of ministers at Baithani Kadosh Christian Church. Using a qualitative approach through a literature review, this research explores the literature on theology, Christian education, and the practice of discipleship in the context of church ministry. Analyses were conducted by integrating discipleship theories, spiritual leadership strategies, and spiritual formation practices that have been implemented in PAK. The results of the study show that the PAK concept of discipleship not only enhances the leadership competence of God's servants, but also deepens their spiritual maturity through personal transformation, increased understanding of the Bible, and the application of Christian values in daily life. This finding confirms the importance of the discipleship programme as one of the strategic instruments in shaping a mature and relevant spiritual character in church ministry.

Rapid developments in the digital era offer vast opportunities for young entrepreneurs, while also bringing complex challenges. Technological advances have opened up opportunities for wider access to information and markets. However, the challenges of fierce competition and changing technological dynamics are the main obstacles that need to be overcome. Young entrepreneurs must have the ability to adapt to the latest technological developments, such as digital marketing and artificial intelligence, while understanding how consumption patterns are changing with greater emphasis on convenience and personalization. However, overcoming dependence on digital platforms and resource limitations need to be overcome. In overcoming this situation, young entrepreneurs need to use technology to increase efficiency, be creative in creating new products and services, as well as expand networks and collaborate strategically. By managing finances wisely and being able to adapt to changes, it is hoped that young entrepreneurs can continue to exist and grow, and achieve success in an ever-changing global market, Young entrepreneurs in the digital age face big challenges along with advances in technology and changes in consumer behavior. However, with the right strategy, these obstacles can be turned into opportunities for growth and success. Utilizing technology, product innovation and digital marketing can increase efficiency, reach a wider market and increase profits. The ability to overcome digital challenges well opens up opportunities for young entrepreneurs to dominate the market, improve business reputation and achieve long-term growth. Adapting to change quickly will increase competitiveness and support sustainable growth.

This study aims to analyze the internal and external factors influencing the marketing strategy of Tagify, a business engaged in the design of lanyards and ID cards. Using a descriptive qualitative analysis method, the study collects secondary data from literature reviews related to marketing strategies and SWOT analysis. The findings reveal that Tagify's strengths lie in creative design, fast production capability, and flexibility in meeting customer demands. However, the main challenges are limited production capacity and suboptimal use of social media for marketing. Significant opportunities exist in the growing demand for custom products in corporate sectors and large events, while the primary threat comes from intense price competition. The implications of this research show that SWOT analysis is crucial in formulating effective marketing strategies to address challenges, seize available opportunities, and strengthen Tagify's competitive position in the market.

Traditional markets and supermarkets offer unique shopping experiences. Changes in shopping patternsreflect the complexity of social and economic dynamics. This study aims to understand the impact of consumerneeds and product quality on shopping preferences in the traditional market of Pesing Koneng, West Jakarta,benefiting academics, practitioners, and policymakers. The study employs an associative quantitative approachwith 96 respondents and questionnaires as research instruments. The analysis results indicate a positive influenceof consumer needs and product quality on shopping preferences. It is important to note that this analysis wasconducted solely in one traditional market without considering other variables or moderators that could affectshopping preferences more comprehensively.

This study aims to analyze the efforts made by the management of CV Goodspeed Coffee Bitung to improve employee performance and company revenue, as well as to identify the factors influencing employee performance. Additionally, this research examines the impact of employee performance on customer satisfaction and loyalty. A qualitative approach was used to gather in-depth information through interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings show that CV Goodspeed Coffee's management has implemented strategies such as setting clear work targets and conducting regular training to improve employee performance. Factors influencing employee performance include work discipline, skills, and positive attitudes. Good employee performance has been shown to have a positive impact on customer satisfaction and loyalty, which in turn increases the company's revenue. This study is expected to contribute theoretically to the development of human resource management and provide practical benefits for the company, academia, and the author for further development in the field of employee performance management.