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Adolescent obesity is an increasingly global public health concern, including in Indonesia. Fast food consumption characterized by high calories, fat, sugar, and sodium with low essential nutrients has been identified as a major contributing factor. This study aimed to analyze the association between fast food consumption and obesity in adolescents and evaluate other influencing factors such as socioeconomic status, physical activity, and psychological aspects. This descriptive analytical literature review used secondary data sourced from journals, books, and research reports, obtained through PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, with strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. Findings indicate a significant relationship between fast food consumption and increased obesity risk among adolescents. Socio-cultural influences, including advertising and accessibility, also shape dietary habits. Implications suggest the need for stricter fast food advertising regulations, improved nutrition education, and policies limiting fast food availability around adolescents. Routine fast food consumption has been proven to elevate obesity risk, underscoring the urgency of promoting healthy lifestyles and reducing fast food accessibility as preventive strategies.

The success of implementing patient safety in the emergency department cannot be separated from various factors that influence it, one of which is the workload of medical staff.The availability of facilities also plays a significant role in the implementation of patient safety.The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between nurse workload and the availability of facilities with the implementation of patient safety in the Emergency Department of RSUD ODSK, North Sulawesi Province.The research uses a cross-sectional design.The sample in this study consisted of 30 respondents using the purposive sampling technique.Data collection on workload, facilities, and patient safety was conducted using a questionnaire and analyzed using the chi-square statistical test.The research results showed that the highest workload was the light workload category, with 21 respondents (70%).The most available facilities and infrastructure were found, with 21 respondents (70%).The most common implementation of patient safety was the implementation of patient safety in the good category, with 22 respondents (73.3%).The chi-square test results obtained p values of 0.003 and 0.032, where < α 0.05.Conclusion: There is a relationship between nurse workload and the availability of facilities with the implementation of patient safety in the Emergency Room of RSUD ODSK, North Sulawesi Province.

Organizational culture is a collection of values, rules, and beliefs held by members of an organization, influencing the way they think and act in achieving goals. This study aims to describe the basic concepts, roles, impacts, and challenges in implementing organizational culture in educational institutions. The type of research is a literature study. Data were collected from accredited national books and journals using Google Scholar and PoP, with an analysis of 15 articles filtered into 5 main articles. The results of this study (1) Organizational culture in educational institutions contributes to creating a conducive work environment, increasing the professionalism of educators, and strengthening work discipline, (2) A strong culture can improve performance, collaboration, and adaptability, while a culture that is not in line with the vision and mission can cause disorientation and (3) Challenges in implementing organizational culture include resistance to change, understanding organizational values, differences in understanding between members and technological adaptability.

This study aims to analyze the transformation of marketing elements in the digital era and how sharia values can be integrated to support business sustainability. Using a literature study method, this study found that digitalization has changed the structure of the marketing mix (7P), creating new challenges and opportunities that demand ethics and fairness in marketing practices. Sharia values such as transparency, honesty, and trustworthiness are very relevant to be applied in digital marketing, both in the context of halal products, ethical distribution, educational promotion, and services based on Islamic values. The integration of sharia principles in digital marketing has been proven to support business sustainability from an economic, social, and environmental perspective, creating a business ecosystem that is not only profitable but also ethical and oriented towards the welfare.

The development of the digital economy in Indonesia drives the need for a transparent and efficient transaction system. Blockchain technology is present as a creative answer to this challenge, through distributed and unmodifiable transaction recording. This study uses a literature study method by reviewing various scientific literature related to the role of blockchain in increasing transparency and security of digital transactions. The results of the study state that blockchain can strengthen the digital economy ecosystem by increasing public trust, data protection, and operational efficiency, especially in the financial and MSME sectors. However, the implementation of this technology still faces obstacles such as limited regulations, infrastructure, and digital literacy. Therefore, this study recommends a strategy for developing a blockchain-based digital economy platform through a decentralized architecture approach, smart contract integration, digital identity protection, regulatory compliance, and public education.

Female prisoners at Class IIA Gowa Correctional Facility face complex psychological challenges, such as guilt, trauma, and social isolation, which have the potential to reduce awareness of the importance of mental health. This community service program aims to increase mental health awareness through an educational and therapeutic approach based on Forgiveness Therapy and Resilience Training. Activities are carried out through three stages: problem identification and coordination with the prison, intervention implementation, and evaluation of results. Participatory methods are used to build active involvement of prisoners, with techniques such as group discussions, positive affirmations, Butterfly Hug, and emotional journal writing. The results showed an increase in participants' understanding of mental health, ability to forgive themselves, and resilience in dealing with life pressures. In conclusion, this intervention is effective in supporting the emotional recovery of prisoners and has the potential to become a model of psychosocial services that can be replicated in other correctional institutions.

Female prisoners at Class IIA Gowa Correctional Facility face complex psychological challenges, such as guilt, trauma, and social isolation, which have the potential to reduce awareness of the importance of mental health. This community service program aims to increase mental health awareness through an educational and therapeutic approach based on Forgiveness Therapy and Resilience Training. Activities are carried out through three stages: problem identification and coordination with the prison, intervention implementation, and evaluation of results. Participatory methods are used to build active involvement of prisoners, with techniques such as group discussions, positive affirmations, Butterfly Hug, and emotional journal writing. The results showed an increase in participants' understanding of mental health, ability to forgive themselves, and resilience in dealing with life pressures. In conclusion, this intervention is effective in supporting the emotional recovery of prisoners and has the potential to become a model of psychosocial services that can be replicated in other correctional institutions.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have a strategic contribution to economic equality and job creation, especially in rural areas. However, limitations in mastering digital technology, especially in marketing, are still a major challenge for MSMEs in Pepelegi Village, Sidoarjo. This community service activity aims to increase the digitalization capacity of MSMEs through training and mentoring in utilizing Google Maps as a promotional media. The method used in this study is Participatory Action Research (PAR), which includes observation, interviews, training, and evaluation. The location of the activity focused on the MSME Warkop Pojok SR in Pepelegi Village, involving the active participation of local business actors. The results of the activity showed an increase in participants' knowledge and skills in creating and managing business profiles on Google Maps. This has a positive impact on business visibility and the potential for increasing income. Digitalization through Google Maps not only makes it easier for consumers to find business locations, but also provides information regarding operating hours, customer reviews, and business contacts. Thus, this activity is expected to be a model for empowering MSMEs based on digital technology that can be replicated in other areas. The sustainability of the program can be strengthened through cross-sector collaboration to support the acceleration of MSME digital transformation.

Plagiarism remains a critical challenge in academia, including in religious-based educational institutions like Islamic boarding schools (pondok pesantren). This Community Service Program (PKM) aimed to enhance students' awareness and skills in avoiding plagiarism through scientific writing ethics training at Miftahul Khaer Islamic Boarding School. The method employed capacity building via interactive workshops covering plagiarism definitions, types, impacts, citation techniques (APA Style), paraphrasing, and plagiarism detection tools (e.g., Turnitin). Post-training evaluations revealed significant improvements: participants’ understanding of plagiarism rose from 14.3% to 74.3%, with average comprehension scores increasing from 2.97 to 4.76. Knowledge of plagiarism types achieved an average score of 4.51, though technical proficiency with detection tools remained lower (score: 3.14). Despite internet connectivity limitations, printed learning materials ensured training effectiveness. The initiative successfully fostered an ethical academic culture, with recommendations for sustained programs integrating practical case studies, digital tools, and curriculum integration to strengthen academic integrity in the pesantren environment.

The purpose of this research is to reveal Arabic language learning through an Arabic language intensification program based on using the peer tutoring method. The problem in this study is that students in the Arabic language education study program at the Darul A'mal Islamic Institute of Lampung as Arabic language learners have uneven Arabic language competencies, this is due to different educational backgrounds including modern Islamic boarding schools, Salaf, and non-Islamic boarding schools. The method used in this study is field research supported by data collection techniques, namely observation, interviews, and documentation, all data obtained are studied using anthropolinguistic theory. The main data sources in the study are management, lecturers, and students. This study succeeded in revealing that the success of the implementation of the peer tutoring-based Arabic language intensification program is supported by implementing three aspects, namely performance, indexicality, and participation, where this concept emphasizes the implementation of active interaction between lecturers and students in the Arabic language learning process and practicing Arabic by involving socio-culture and native Arabic speakers in it. Then the factors that support the success of students in learning Arabic are having grammatical competence, communicative and pragmatic competence, as well as Arabic language skills, namely istima', kalam, qiro'ah, and kitabah.

Political communication through television plays an important role in shaping public opinion. One of the political programs that attracts attention is Meet Nite Live on Metro TV, which presents discussions in a relaxed but sharp style. This study aims to identify the form of illocutionary speech acts in the program and analyze its function in conveying political messages. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative with a descriptive methodological approach to explain the speech acts contained in the Meet Nite Live Metro TV broadcast. The data sources used in this study were all utterances contained in the Meet Nite Live Metro TV broadcast in a certain edition, while the data were in the form of excerpts of pragmatic discourse contained in the video broadcast which were suspected of being illocutionary speech acts. The data collection technique used was the listening and recording technique. The data obtained were analyzed using the matching and distribution methods. Furthermore, data presentation was carried out formally and informally. Based on the results of the analysis of this study, utterances were found to be illocutionary speech acts. There were four categories that appeared in the video, namely assertive, directive, commissive, and expressive. The most dominant category in this study is assertive speech acts with 6 utterances, followed by expressive with 4 utterances, commissive with 3 utterances, and directive with 2 utterances. 

The general and specific important issues encountered in this article are the discussion of pragmatics, expressive and directive speech acts in theater performances. Expressive and directive speech acts often have complex pragmatic functions, for example, commands that are conveyed indirectly or expressions that contain implicit meanings. is to explore the understanding of the function, meaning, and impact of language use in communication, especially in drama scripts or theater performances. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The data source in this research is speech acts contained in the video of the theater performance entitled “The Most Human” by SMAN 4 Sidoarjo. The data in this study are fragments of pragmatic discourse contained in the video of the theater performance. In this study, it can be concluded that there are 19 data of expressive speech acts and 25 data of directive speech acts in the theater performance video entitled 'The Most Human' by SMAN 4 Sidoarjo. The functions found in expressive speech acts include 6 advice data, 6 rejection data, 3 motivation data, 1 pride data, 2 concern data, 4 satire data, and 2 affection data. Meanwhile, there are 3 types of functions in directive speech acts, namely 9 data of advising, 11 data of asking, and 5 data of criticizing.

Frailty is a common syndrome in older adults, marked by declining physiological reserves and increased vulnerability to adverse health outcomes. It impacts quality of life and links to higher morbidity, mortality, and healthcare needs. Identifying frailty markers early helps prevent or delay its onset. In Indonesia, frailty affects 10–20% of the elderly, with higher rates in rural areas and those over 75, driven by poor nutrition, chronic diseases, and limited healthcare access. This study explores these factors and their relationship with frailty in elderly residents of Bina Bhakti Elderly Home. This cross-sectional study analyzed anthropometric measurement, uric acid, vitamin D, albumin, and diabetes mellitus with frailty in 42 elderly residents, excluding those with cognitive impairments, acute illnesses, or psychiatric disorders. The analysis identified fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and albumin as significant predictors of frailty, highlighting the importance of glucose regulation and nutritional status in frailty risk among the studied population. Fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and albumin emerged as key predictors of frailty, highlighting the roles of glycemic control and nutritional health in reducing frailty risk. Lower fasting blood glucose and higher albumin levels were protective, while higher HbA1c increased vulnerability. Targeted interventions in these areas may effectively mitigate frailty risk.

Bioethanol can basically be made with basic ingredients in the form of vegetables which contain high starch and carbohydrates such as taro tubers (Colocasia esculenta [L] Schott). The choice of taro in making ethanol is because taro is classified as a tuber like cassava which has 66.8% starch content and 7.2% water content. The process of making glucose is done through acid hydrolysis (HCl) with variations in acid concentration (12, 14, 16, 18, and 20%) and hydrolysis time (1.5; 2; and 2.5 hours). From the analysis, it can be seen that the result of hydrolysis is liquid sugar (glucose) with the highest level of 27.8%brix.

This study aims to (1) determine the legal provisions regarding the execution of fiduciary guarantees based on Law Number 42 of 1999 concerning Fiduciary Guarantees, (2) determine the legal limitations in the execution of fiduciary guarantees against problematic credit based on applicable legal provisions. The type of research used is normative legal research, using a qualitative approach. The results of the study indicate that although normatively fiduciary execution can be carried out directly by the creditor based on a fiduciary certificate that has executorial power, in practice various obstacles arise. These obstacles include the unregistered fiduciary deed, imperfect agreements, debtor approval, to the decision of the Constitutional Court which guarantees the existence of a default agreement and court involvement if an agreement occurs. This study concludes that legal protection for debtors is getting stronger, but the effectiveness of fiduciary as a credit guarantee faces new challenges in its implementation.

Managing budgets in public institutions is not merely a matter of calculating numbers, but also about ensuring that every rupiah spent generates a tangible impact on society. As public needs continue to grow, the Department of Population and Civil Registration (Disdukcapil) of Surabaya faces significant challenges in providing administrative services that are fast, accurate, and transparent. In this context, internal audits play a strategic role not only as tools for correcting errors, but also in ensuring that budget management is carried out wisely and effectively. This study aims to examine the role of internal audits in the budget management of Disdukcapil and their contribution to improving the quality of public services. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through documentation, interviews, and literature review. The findings are expected to provide a comprehensive overview of the relationship between internal oversight and the quality of public services in Surabaya.

The Tigray conflict and the Ethiopian Government in 2020-2022 were mainly motivated by dissatisfaction with the policies of Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed. TPLF as a representative party of the Tigray ethnic group attacked the government until it received a counterattack that further prolonged the conflict situation. The conflict then sparked international attention, including China. China played a role in bridging the conflict resolution indirectly. This study aims to review the efforts made by China in helping to bridge the conflict resolution. The method used uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The study found that China fully used a quasi-mediation diplomacy strategy in an effort to resolve the conflict. China's efforts are reflected through personal identity and the results of the interactions that were established. China promotes the principle of non-intervention and regional resolution, even providing humanitarian assistance and sustainable development. China is not directly involved in maintaining national interests, both materially and socially, in the form of applicable relations and norms.

The quality of classroom facilities and infrastructure plays an important role in creating an optimal learning environment. Adequate facilities can improve student comfort, motivation, and learning outcomes. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method to explore the condition of classrooms at MAN 2 Karawang. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation to gain a deeper understanding of the existing facilities. The findings of the study indicate that lighting and ventilation in the classrooms are adequate, and supported by academic props that support the learning process. However, there are several obstacles, such as limited room cooling systems and bureaucratic obstacles in maintaining facilities. In addition, the management of facilities and infrastructure by the SARPRAS team has not been optimal due to budget constraints. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously improve and repair facilities to support a more effective and comfortable learning process for students.

This research investigates the modification of ceftriaxone to synthesized imine derivatives (A-C), assessing their chemical and biological efficacy. This study underscores the notable antibacterial effectiveness of synthesized derivatives against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, exhibiting a determined dose correlation. The synthesis procedure reacts ceftriaxone with different aldehydes, such as 2-Hydroxy-4-Methoxybenzaldehyde and 4-ethoxy-2-hydroxy-benzaldehyde, and 5-Chloro-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde yielding imines analyzed by various methods, such as FT-IR and 1H-NMR. The results indicate that imines may have implications in medical therapies, especially in addressing multidrug-resistant bacteria and a human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Imine derivative C exhibits significant antibacterial efficacy, measuring 33 mm at 0.1 ppm against Staphylococcus aureus, while 30 mm at 0.1 as anti-Escherichia coli more activity from other synthesized derivatives. The derivative C recorded a value of 29.2441 after 24 hours as an inhibition MCF-7 cell line.

Indonesia is known as an archipelago located on the Ring of Fire, which is the confluence of three major tectonic plates, namely Indo Australia, Eurasia and the Pacific. This causes Indonesia to be an area at risk of experiencing various kinds of natural disasters. The elderly are one of the groups of people who are most vulnerable to the high psychological impact of natural disasters. Resilience in times of crisis is an important psychological ability in individuals, especially the elderly, because it is expected to make individuals strong and able to adapt to changes in conditions that occur in their lives. elderly, because it is expected to make individuals strong and able to adapt to changes in conditions that occur well. Resilience is a personal trait that refers to positive adaptation and reducing negative influences and stressors so that individuals can improve mentally and maintain their health despite experiencing severe problems. The purpose of this study is to determine and explore various images of resilience and to find out the importance of resilience for the elderly in dealing with disasters. The method used in this research is the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method where the literature related to the research will be analyzed and synthesized. The results and conclusions of this study are that the many types of natural disasters that occur in Indonesia make people from every group, especially the elderly, have resilience. The literature analyzed is literature published on Google Scholar, ISSN standardized and published between 2019 and 2024. The number of literature analyzed in this study was 8 literature.  The results of this study are a description of the resilience of the elderly consisting of several categories / levels of resilience, things that affect resilience, how the elderly adjust, and elderly preparedness for natural disasters. In addition, this study concluded that resilience is important for the elderly to deal with natural disasters.