Maintaining stable cage temperature is a crucial factor in the success of broiler chicken farming, especially in close house systems that rely on optimal microclimate control. Temperature instability can lead to thermal stress, reduced growth rates, and increased mortality in broilers, particularly during the early stages of life (0 to 30 days old). This study aims to design and implement an automatic temperature control system based on the Arduino Uno microcontroller integrated with a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor in the broiler chicken cages of PT. Barokah Restu Utama. The system is designed to read temperature and humidity in real-time and automatically activate or deactivate cooling devices such as fans or heating devices like incandescent lamps, depending on the temperature range required for each growth phase. The ideal temperature range used as a reference in this system includes 30–32°C for chickens aged 0–7 days, 29°C for ages 8–14 days, 28°C for ages 15–21 days, and 26–27°C for chickens aged 22–30 days. Testing results show that the system is capable of maintaining stable temperatures according to the specified standards for each growth phase. With this automatic control system in place, broiler chicken maintenance becomes more efficient and effective. The risk of mortality due to heat stress is significantly reduced, and chicken growth becomes more optimal. This technology offers a practical and economical solution, especially for small- to medium-scale broiler chicken farmers who use close house systems. The system is easy to operate and relatively affordable to install, making it an accessible innovation that supports better livestock management through automation and smart farming practices.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in the economy, including in the growing culinary sector. Cimol Bojot Aa, a culinary business focusing on selling cimol snacks, operates in a highly competitive market. This study aims to analyze the internal and external environments influencing the business strategy of the SME Cimol Bojot Aa. The methodology used includes SWOT and TOWS analysis, combining internal and external factor analysis to formulate business development strategies. Data were collected through interviews with the business owner, direct observation, and related document studies. The results show that Cimol Bojot Aa has strengths in unique products and competitive pricing, but faces challenges in marketing and financial management. Based on these findings, it is recommended that the business focus on strengthening digital marketing strategies and improving financial management for sustainable growth. This study provides practical recommendations for SME owners in planning adaptive and competitive business strategies in the culinary market.

Problem-solving skills are a crucial competency in physics learning, but assessments of optical instrument materials often focus solely on routine tasks and final project results, without incorporating integrated project-based assessment tools. This study aims to analyze students' problem-solving skills using a project-based assessment on optical instrument materials, following the steps outlined by Heller and Heller. This study employed descriptive research with 64 eleventh-grade students as subjects. The assessment instruments were developed based on problem-solving indicators, as outlined by Heller and Heller, including problem focus, problem description, solution planning, plan implementation, and solution evaluation. Data were collected through observation of students' learning activities and analyzed using descriptive statistics in the form of achievement percentages. The study's results demonstrated a high level of validity, as verified by experts, and a high level of practicality, supported by positive responses from students. Problem-solving indicators, including focus on the problem, solution planning, plan implementation, and solution evaluation, achieved an average of 82% (very good category), while the problem description indicator achieved 77% (good category). These findings suggest that project-based assessment tools have potential in supporting the development of students' problem-solving skills, although they need to be strengthened in terms of physically describing problems. This study contributes to the alignment of project-based problem-solving indicators, offering a process-oriented and contextual approach to assessing cognitive skills. Further research is recommended to test the effectiveness of PjBL directly on improving students' problem-solving skills through experimental designs with control groups, as well as the development of more adaptive digital instruments for application in 21st-century physics education.
 

Masih banyak rumah tangga yang belum menerapkan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS), khususnya pada lansia. Penerapan PHBS pada lansia dinilai belum memadai, yakni sebesar 53,34%, terutama disebabkan oleh rendahnya tingkat kebersihan diri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan promosi penerapan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) pada lansia di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Cebongan. Melalui kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat, telah dilakukan edukasi tentang Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) kepada 31 lansia melalui kegiatan ceramah, demonstrasi, dan tanya jawab. Hasil pra kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar peserta telah menerapkan PHBS, namun pemahaman tentang dimensi PHBS masih perlu ditingkatkan. Setelah kegiatan, peserta menunjukkan antusiasme yang tinggi dalam menerapkan PHBS, khususnya dalam praktik cuci tangan. Berdasarkan data kuesioner, sebanyak 30 dari 31 lansia (96,8%) menyatakan selalu menerapkan PHBS, namun perlu dilakukan analisis lebih lanjut. Kesimpulannya, kegiatan edukasi diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas kesehatan lansia

Hipertensi merupakan kondisi ketika tekanan darah sistolik mencapai atau lebih dari 140 mmHg dan/atau tekanan darah diastolik mencapai atau lebih dari 90 mmHg saat diukur di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan. Pada tahun 2021, tercatat sebanyak 69.247 namun, kasus hipertensi di Kota Salatiga hanya 20.310 kasus yang mendapat pelayanan kesehatan. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan promosi kesehatan kepada masyarakat terkait hipertensi dan cara mencegah hipertensi dengan jus Mesem. Jus Mesem dibuat dari 4 bahan yaitu mentimun, seledri, lemon dan madu. Melalui kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada peserta promosi kesehatan, ditemukan bahwa 39 dari 40 (97.5%) responden menyetujui bahwa kegiatan promosi kesehatan hipertensi dan demonstrasi pembuatan jus Mesem ini meningkatkan pengetahuan mereka terkait hipertensi dan meningkatkan minat mereka untuk mencegah hipertensi dengan membuat jus Mesem di rumah. Dengan adanya promosi kesehatan ini, masyarakat akan mampu untuk mencegah hipertensi dengan cara yang mudah dan dapat dimulai dari keluarga masing-masing.

According to data from the World Health Organization, around 90% of women experience severe dysmenorrhea, and 10-15% experience mild dysmenorrhea. Research in various countries has also shown that more than 50% of women suffer from primary dysmenorrhea. This study aims to analyze the impact of health education on how adolescent girls cope with menstrual pain at MA Alhudaebiyah, Sukabumi, in 2024. The research method used is a descriptive quantitative approach with a sample of 50 female students from grades X, XI, and XII. The results show that 88% of the respondents experience primary dysmenorrhea, and most of them employ strategies that are not very effective. The Chi-Square statistical test yielded a p-value of 0.000 (? < 0.05), indicating a significant relationship between knowledge level and efforts to reduce pain. The Odds Ratio (OR) value of 215 indicates that good knowledge greatly increases the likelihood of taking more effective actions.

Christian education, which is based on the teachings of the Christian religion, has an important role in forming individual character and morals. This education system aims to instill Christian moral and ethical values in students as a guide throughout their lives. However, in the modern era which is full of dynamics and change, Christian education faces big challenges in overcoming moral decline in society. Technological developments, cultural changes, and greater access to information create an increasingly complex moral landscape. Thus, Christian education has a key role in shaping individual character and morals and providing a solid ethical foundation, although there are a series of challenges that hinder its effectiveness. This research explores how Christian ethical principles guide interactions within families and communities, as well as their role in facing moral challenges in the modern era. The family is the main center in the formation of individuals and society, where values and ethics are practiced and passed from one generation to the next. This study emphasizes the importance of respecting parents as a spiritual basis that shapes the character and morality of Christian families. Generations, born in the digital era, are faced with various moral and ethical challenges. Christian education in the family environment can provide a strong moral foundation to face the pressures and temptations around them. Character is not a fixed trait, but rather the result of various influences in a person's life. Christian education provides a deep spiritual dimension, teaching ethical values, compassion, and commitment.

The current global economic situation is facing various complex challenges, including climate change, economic inequality, and technological revolution. The Keynesian theory, which emphasizes the active role of government in stabilizing the economy, remains relevant for designing adaptive and sustainable economic policies. This article discusses the development of Keynesian theory in addressing future challenges, focusing on green investment, equitable redistribution policies, and strengthening technological innovation. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative literature study with thematic analysis of national and international scientific sources. The findings indicate that the renewal of Keynesian theory should not only aim at maintaining short-term stability but also support long-term sustainability by emphasizing the synergy between fiscal policy, technological innovation, and social justice.

Work loyalty is a fundamental pillar in human resource management that plays a critical role in sustaining organizational development and enhancing employee productivity. This study aims to explore and analyze the strategies implemented by PT. Bank BTPN Syariah MMS Rantau Rasau in maintaining employee loyalty, particularly among Community Officers who serve as the frontline representatives of the bank in delivering services directly to local communities. The research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach using in-depth interviews and documentation as data collection techniques. The findings reveal that work loyalty can be fostered through several strategies, including equitable and measurable reward systems, regular and relevant training, structured career development, and appropriate compensation and performance-based incentives. Additionally, leadership support and effective two way communication between management and employees play a crucial role in cultivating a sense of ownership and emotional attachment to the organization. These strategies significantly contribute to strengthening employee commitment, dedication, and the willingness to stay and grow with the company, ultimately leading to increased productivity in both quantitative target achievement and qualitative service delivery. This study offers practical implications for the development of human resource management policies in the Islamic banking sector and serves as a reference for other organizations facing similar challenges in maintaining employee loyalty and improving productivity. A comprehensive understanding of loyalty strategies enables organizations to build a sustainable and productive work environment.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the National Cash Social Assistance (BST) policy on the purchasing power of communities in Surabaya. BST is a social protection program launched by the Indonesian government in response to the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The policy targets low-income and vulnerable groups through direct cash transfers, with the goal of maintaining basic consumption levels and preventing a sharp decline in household welfare. This research examines the extent to which the BST program has achieved its objectives, particularly in enhancing or sustaining the purchasing power of its beneficiaries in urban settings. The study employs an evaluative approach using a mixed-methods design, combining quantitative survey data with qualitative interviews involving aid recipients and local-level implementers. The findings indicate that the BST program had a positive short-term impact on household purchasing power, particularly in meeting essential needs such as food and utility expenses. However, several implementation challenges were also identified, including issues of inaccurate beneficiary targeting, delays in distribution, and the relatively small amount of assistance compared to actual household need. These results highlight that the effectiveness of social policy is not solely dependent on budget allocation but also on the precision of its implementation on the ground. Consequently, the study recommends improvements in beneficiary data updating, enhanced transparency in aid distribution, and the development of more adaptive program designs that reflect local socio-economic conditions. The findings are expected to serve as a valuable reference for policymakers in designing more efficient and sustainable social assistance programs in the future.