The Merdeka Curriculum is a curriculum with various intra-curricular learning, the content will be more optimal so that students have enough time to explore concepts and strengthen competence. Teachers have the flexibility to choose various teaching tools so that learning can be adapted to the learning needs and interests of students. The purpose of this study was to find out the challenges faced by teachers in implementing the Independent Curriculum at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Walisongo Kranji 01, Kedungwuni District. The subjects in this study were students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Walisongo Kranji 01, while the objects in this study were teachers' perceptions of the implementation of the Independent Curriculum at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Walisongo Kranji 01. This research was conducted using a type of qualitative research, namely observation and interviews. The results of this study indicate that the teacher's perception of the implementation of the independent curriculum still has difficulties so that it becomes a challenge in implementing the Independent Curriculum at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Walisongo Kranji 01

The purpose of this study was to find out the Judge’s consideration of the Decision Number 40/G/2020/PTUN.Smg on the validity of the islamic boarding school diploma as a requirement for participation in the Village Head election and to find out the Judge’s application of the law on the validity of the islamic boarding school diploma as a requirement for participation in the village head election in the analysis on Decision Number 40/G/2020/PTUN.Smg. This study was normative juridical research using a qualitative analytical method based on a literature review. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that in his legal consideration, the Judge stated that the Plaintiff’s interest was not harmed. The Plaintiff did not have the legal standing to file a lawsuit in the State Administrative Court. The issue of determining the diploma validity as a requirement for nomination to the village head election was not addressed further in the decision. Judges should not only decide in a procedural manner, but also prioritize the resolution of the dispute substance. The application of law to be considered by the Judge must include the three fundamental values of legal objectives, namely legal justice, benefit, and certainty. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pertimbangan Hakim atas putusan Nomor 40/G/2020/PTUN.Smg terhadap keabsahan ijazah pondok pesantren sebagai syarat keikutsertaan pemilihan kepala desa dan penerapan hukum yang seharusnya diterapkan Hakim atas keabsahan ijazah Pondok Pesantren sebagai syarat keikutsertaan Pilkades dalam kajian putusan Nomor 40/G/2020/PTUN.Smg. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan metode analitis kualitatif berdasarkan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa Hakim dalam pertimbangan hukumnya menyatakan penggugat tidak memiliki kepentingan yang dirugikan sehingga penggugat tidak memiliki kedudukan hukum untuk mengajukan gugatan ke Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara. Terhadap pokok permasalahan penentuan keabsahan ijazah sebagai syarat pencalonan pemilihan kepala desa tidak dipertimbangkan lebih lanjut di dalam putusan. Hakim seharusnya tidak sekedar memutus secara prosedural saja, namun harus mengedepankan penyelesaian subtansi pokok sengketa. Penerapan hukum yang seharusnya diterapkan dalam pertimbangan Hakim harus memuat ketiga nilai dasar tujuan hukum yaitu keadilan, kemanfaatan dan kepastian hukum.   Abstract   

The Covid - 19 pandemic is a disaster that occurs quickly and thoroughly. This pandemic affects not only health, but also the economic, cultural, social and political education fields. The existence of the Covid - 19 pandemic makes people live in conditions of risk. Society will face terrible threats such as the spread of viruses and other threats. The consequences of the emergence of the Covid - 19 virus have caused social anxiety in society. This raises serious concern because this virus is increasingly spreading, including in areas where there are few positive confirmed cases of Covid - 19 itself. There are so many threats of Covid 19 that great attention is needed for the perception of own risk in decision making. The current situation shows that society has become a risky society. Where people are at risk themselves are vulnerable people. Community life will be colored by risks that can affect society. This article tries to analyze the context of the covid - 19 pandemic in at-risk communities by using a sociological perspective of at-risk communities, especially in the covid - 19 pandemic. This Covid - 19 pandemic also shows that society is not ready to face the Covid 19 disaster which occurred as a whole and not a single country that can avoid the impact of Covid - 19. In addition, this article shows that the pandemic affects all classes in society and affects people from young to old

Komodo Labuan Bajo Airport is one of the airports located in East Nusa Tenggara. In addition to the importance of airport development, human resources are also one of the assets that the company pays close attention to. Human resources are a supporting factor for the success of a business sector. Because employees are a very important asset for airport provider companies, companies must pay attention to the obligations that employees deserve, namely rewards and punishments as an effort to be able to create optimal and satisfying employee performance.
This research was conducted to find out whether there is an effect of reward and punishment on the performance of Komodo Labuan Bajo airport employees. This research was processed using quantitative research methods, with a research instrument, namely a questionnaire.
The results of the study show that: 1) Reward has a partial effect on the performance of Komodo Labuan Bajo airport employees. 2) Punishment has a partial effect on the performance of Komodo Labuan Bajo airport employees. 3) Reward and punishment have a simultaneous effect on the performance of Komodo Labuan Bajo airport employees. 4) Rewards have a more dominant effect on the performance of Komodo Labuan Bajo airport employees.

The main problem in this study is how culture encourages achievement motivation of students studying Social Sciences and how the form of achievement motivation of students learning Social Sciences in class V UPT SDF Negeri Kakatua. This study aims to find out the form of learning in encouraging student achievement motivation in social studies and to find out the form of achievement motivation of fifth grade students at UPT SDF Negeri Kakatua.
This type of research is qualitative research and uses a qualitative descriptive approach. The subjects in this study were 2 class teachers and 5 students of class V UPT SDF Negeri Kakatua. Data collection techniques using: observation, interviews, and documentation. While the validity of the data in this study uses source triangulation.
The results of the study show that: (1) the student learning culture has been implemented by the teacher who teaches in the class (2) student achievement motivation is important in achieving learning achievement The teacher's role is very important to improve student achievement by providing achievement motivation.
Based on the results of the research above, it can be concluded (1) Student learning culture is something that needs to be implemented by teachers and carried out by students to support student behavior at school and outside school (2) achievement motivation needs to be given to students to support student achievement and student learning outcomes .

The purpose of the research conducted is to find out and analyze the juridical study of corruption crimes in the implementation of the Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) program and the ideal concept pursued by the government as an anti-corruption effort to be applied in the implementation of the Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) program in the future. This research uses sociological juridical legal researc.The results of the study can be concluded that corruption crimes in PTSL begin with the identification of the causes of corruption crimes. In terms of law enforcement, it is related to efforts to prevent and eradicate corruption, whether or not law enforcement is successful depends on the components of the legal structure, legal substance, and legal culture.Law enforcement is described in several stages including pre-adjudication with the cooperation of the Pungli Saber Team which continues the process of investigating and investigating suspected perpetrators of corruption crimes by the police by including at least 2 (two) pieces of evidence, after the minutes of the results of the complete investigation (P21) then proceed to the prosecutor's office.The ideal concept pursued by the government in the future as an effort to implement an anti-corruption program consists of external and internal concepts, in addition to that government steps are needed to evaluate, update, and/or change.The suggestion this research is that it is hoped that the first land registration program based on PTSL which is carried out en masse which is intended for all economic groups can be carried out smoothly for the orderly order of national land law to ensure legal certainty and legal protection for owners of rights to a plot of land. Tujuan dalam penelitian yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa kajian yuridis tindak pidana korupsi) dan penanganan pencegahan pelaksanaan Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL) Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum yuridis sosiologis. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa tindak pidana korupsi dalam PTSL dimulai dengan  adanya identifikasi penyebab terjadi tindak pidana korupsi. Pelaksanaan PTSL sendri banyak dtemukan unsur tindak pidana koruspi seperti adanya pungutan liar dan gratifikasi.  Salah satu upaya pencegahan tindak pidan korupsi dalam PTSL melalui kerja sama dengan Tim Saber Pungli. Konsep ideal yang ditempuh pemerintah pada masa yang akan datang sebagai upaya program anti korupsi terdiri dari konsep eksternal dan internal, selain itu diperlukan langkah pemerintah untuk melakukan evaluasi, pembaharuan, dan/atau perubahan. Saran yang digunakan oleh penlitian ini adalah diharapkan progam pendaftaran tanah pertama kali berdasarkan PTSL yang dilakukan secara massal yang diperuntukkan kepada semua golongan ekonomi dapat terlaksana dengan lancar demi tertibnya hukum pertanahan nasional guna menjamin kepastian hukum dan perlindungan hukum bagi pemilik hak atas suatu bidang tanah.  

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pelaksanaan, hambatan dan penyelesaian sengketa pada Perjanjian pemborongan bangunan di PT Inamco Varia Jasa Timika. Pentingnya penelitian ini untuk upaya penciptaan tertib hukum Indonesia, karena dengan adanya penelitian ini dapat diketahui proses pelaksanaan perjanjian pemborongan bangunan pada PT Inamco Varia Jasa sudah sesuai prosedur yang telah ditetapkan pada Undang-undang dengan ketentuan hukum yang berlaku dan ketentuan hukum kontrak yang berlaku, sehingga dengan peneltian ini bisa menjadi acuan bagi setiap orang yang melakukan kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan perjanjian pemborongan bangunan/konstruksi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan beberapa metode yaitu penelitian yuridis normatif dengan spesifkasi penelitian deskriptif analitis menggunakan penentuam sampel secara tidak acak, dan beberapa pengumpulan data berdasarkan data primer yaitu data yang diperoleh melalui penelitian dengan menggunakan wawancara tidak langsung dengan mengajukan kuesioner terhadap responden, dan data sekunder berupa studi kepustakaan. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis kualitatif yang selanjutnya hasil pengolahan disajikan secara deskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pelaksanaan perjanjian dibuat berdasarkan kesepakatan para pihak dengan dibuatnya surat perjanjian pemboronganan. Penyelesaian masalah tidak diselesaikan melalui pengadilan (out of law), melainkan melalui musyawarah untuk mencapai kesepakatan tetapi tetap berpedoman pada kesepakatan/kontrak yang telah disepakati.

Indonesia is a country that has an agrarian title, because of its vast and fertile land area, so that most Indonesian people make a living as farmers. There are also several types of farmers, one of which is a profit-oriented commercial farmer and durian farmers are one of the commercial farmers. This research will focus on durian farmers in risk communities. The research point was conducted by researchers in Pakis Village, Panti District, Jember Regency, East Java. The purpose of this study is to find out how the forms of risk faced by durian farmers and also how they respond or adapt to these risks. The research method used by researchers is a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The results of research conducted by researchers are knowing that 1) Durian farmers are victims of ecological risks that occur globally 2) Farmers are more inclined to choose to rent at Perhutani 3) Using an intercropping system to minimize the risks they will face later 4) Selection of plants durian, banana, and coffee as a choice of plants to be planted.

Introduction– Stroke is a non-communicable disease that has an impact on the loss of motor skills in the extremities. One intervention that can overcome this problem is the application of squishy with a combination of active ROM.
Purpose– The purpose of this case study was to conduct nursing care on the application of squishy intervention to increase hand muscle strength in stroke patients. Methodology/Approach – The method used in writing is a case report which was carried out for 6 days with Active ROM combination squishy intervention.
Findings– The results of this scientific work show that with the active ROM combination squishy intervention for 6 days, there is a significant increase in muscle strength in the right upper extremity before the intervention is worth 2 and after the intervention is worth 4.
Conclusion– The effectiveness of the application of nursing care standards in increasing muscle strength given to patients shows a change in muscle strength on the third day to the fifth day with a muscle strength value of 3 and the sixth day with a muscle strength value of 4.

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memahami dan menganalisis keabsahan, pemberian ijin oleh hakim, kendala dan solusi terhadap pemeriksaan saksi sebagai alat bukti perkara pidana yang disiarkan langsung melalui media televisi. Pemeriksaan saksi sebagai alat bukti yang disiarkan langsung melalui media televisi sebenarnya melanggar Pasal 159 ayat (1) KUHAP yang melarang saksi saling berhubungan, karena calon saksi dapat mengetahui proses pemeriksaan saksi sebelumnya melalui media televisi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif. Kebaruan dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan teori keadilan hukum, teori kemanfaatan hukum, dan teori kepastian hukum sebagai acuan. Pertama, pemeriksaan saksi sebagai alat bukti yang disiarkan langsung melalui media televisi memiliki keabsahan dengan harus mengucapkan sumpah terlebih dahulu sesuai Pasal 160 ayat (3) dan (4) KUHAP, serta keterangannya memiliki keterkaitan dengan alat bukti lain sesuai Pasal 185 ayat (6) KUHAP. Kedua, pemberian ijin oleh hakim terhadap proses pemeriksaan saksi sebagai alat bukti yang disiarkan langsung melalui media televisi didasari asas persidangan terbuka untuk umum, dengan tujuan untuk menjamin supaya pemeriksaan berjalan secara objektif. Ketiga, kendala pemeriksaan alat bukti saksi yang disiarkan langsung melalui media televisi antara lain, belum adanya regulasi hukum yang mengatur, calon saksi akan dapat melihat pemeriksaan saksi sebelumnya melalui media televisi, saksi akan mendapatkan ancaman atau teror dari pihak tertentu setelah memberikan keterangan. Diperlukan pembaharuan hukum yang mengatur proses persidangan perkara pidana yang disiarkan langsung melalui media televisi guna kepastian hukumnya.