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The lyrics of the song that will be discussed in this study are Wildflower which is a pop song created by Billie Eilish which was released on May 17 2024 in her third studio album, Hit Me Hard and Soft. This song tells the story of Billie's experience of initially comforting a girl who is heartbroken after a breakup, but then she actually has a relationship with the girl's ex-lover. The purpose of this study is to describe the language style contained in the lyrics of the Wildflower song and explain the meaning of the language described. This research is qualitative research. The research for this study is to use data analysis, namely listening to the song to be analyzed, understanding the content of the lyrics, then looking for words that contain majas or language style. The method used is qualitative descriptive. The data of this study is an analysis of the use of metaphor, personification, repetition, hyperbole, and irony language styles contained in the lyrics of the Wildflower song. The results of this study show that there is the use of metaphor, personification, repetition, hyperbole, and irony language styles in the lyrics of Wildflower songs.

The short story Laki Sejati by Putu Wijaya is one of the works of Indonesian literature that depicts the dynamics of human life and internal conflicts. This research aims to analyze the intrinsic elements in the short story, including themes, characters and characterization, plot, setting, point of view, and mandate. Through this analysis, it is revealed how these intrinsic elements are used by the author to build a story that is evocative and full of meaning. The results of the analysis show that the main theme of this short story is the search for identity and the true meaning of "masculinity". The main character, who has an inner struggle in understanding the values of masculinity, is shown with a deep complexity of character. The progressive storyline with intense conflict takes the reader on the emotional journey of the main character, while the physical and social setting reinforces the realism of the story. A limited third-person perspective is used to explore the main character's perspective, revealing the inner dynamics that are the main focus of the story. The mandate contained in this short story invites readers to reflect on the true meaning of identity, courage, and happiness in life. This study concludes that the intrinsic elements in the short story Hukum Hukum are  used very effectively to describe the struggle of human beings in understanding their identity. This short story is not only a literary work, but also a philosophical reflection on life and the meaning of masculinity.

This study examines the SteCu Song (Aesthetic and Cultural Studies by Civitas) as a form of aesthetic movement that combines art, music, and Islamic philosophy. Through a historical-hermeneutic approach, the main question asked is: how can the SteCu Song be read as an aesthetic practice that is in line with the principles of Islamic music philosophy, especially as stated in the Book of al-Musiqa al-Kabir by al-Farabi? This study aims to examine the relationship between contemporary musical expression in the SteCu Song with aesthetic and ethical concepts in classical Islamic philosophy. The method used is descriptive qualitative with text analysis and musical practice, as well as a theoretical approach that refers to al-Farabi's thoughts on music as a means of forming the soul and morals. The main theoretical framework in this study is the theory of harmony of the soul and the educational function of music according to al-Farabi, which is combined with the theory of art as a medium of social meaning. The results of the study show that SteCu Songs are not only a form of artistic expression, but also contain educational and spiritual dimensions that are in line with al-Farabi's idea of ​​music as a means of purifying the soul (tazkiyat al-nafs). These songs present moral reflections, values ​​of togetherness, and calls for goodness, thus placing musical art in the context of progressive cultural da'wah. This study recommends the development of similar musical works as a medium for learning Islamic philosophy that is applicable and contextual.

The legend of Situ Bagendit is one of the Indonesian folktales that is full of moral and cultural values. This research aims to analyze the intrinsic elements in the legend, including themes, characters and characters, plot, setting, point of view, mandate, and symbolism. Using a literary analysis approach, this study reveals how these elements work together to convey a strong moral message. The results of the analysis show that the main theme in the Situ Bagendit Legend is greed and its destructive impact. Nyi Endit, as the main character, represents bad behavior that leads to destruction, while beggars play a role as a symbol of justice and wisdom. The linear storyline and setting where Situ Bagendit reinforces the moral message it contains, namely the importance of sharing, staying away from greed, and living in harmony with others and nature. The message in this story remains relevant in the modern era, making it an effective learning medium to instill social and cultural values. Strong symbolism, such as a beggar's wand and overflowing water, adds depth to the story, giving it a broader dimension to its moral meaning. This study concluded that  the Situ Bagendit Legend not only functions as a traditional entertainment, but also as an important cultural heritage to be preserved. Through the analysis of intrinsic elements, this legend can be appreciated as a reflection of noble values that are relevant to the life of today's society.

This article analyzes the word “seed” as a metaphor of God's word in Jesus' parables found in the Synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark, and Luke) with a semantic approach. The metaphor of “seed” in the context of first-century agriculture is used by Jesus to describe human responses to God's words, which are likened to different types of soil. This study explores the literal, metaphorical, and symbolic meanings of the Greek word σπόρος (sporos), and compares its usage in the three Synoptic Gospels to reveal differences in their narrative emphases. This study shows that the metaphor of “seed” not only describes the dynamics of spiritual growth, but also conveys a theological message about the importance of faith, perseverance, and readiness of heart in receiving God's word. As such, this article offers a new perspective that connects biblical and linguistic studies to deepen the understanding of Jesus' teaching.  

Education plays an important role in the development of a nation, with the quality of education being the responsibility of all parties, especially teachers. In Elementary Schools (SD), teachers must utilize various open materials in learning to motivate students, help them explore basic abilities, and guide them to discover their potential. Teaching materials in learning, such as developing teaching materials using a project-based approach that has great potential to integrate local values ​​and utilize the potential of the surrounding environment, so that learning becomes more meaningful for students. In SD Negeri 8 Dobo, it was found that many teachers were not yet skilled in creating open materials in learning and the learning process was still teacher-themed. To overcome this, community service activities were carried out by creating a Workshop on Developing Teaching Materials Based on Projects for Elementary School Teachers in Small Islands. This workshop aims to improve teacher competence, especially in small border island areas, in developing project-based teaching materials. Teachers will be trained to design learning projects that are interesting, challenging, and relevant to the local context, and support their implementation with appropriate open materials. The expected end results include improving teachers' pedagogical skills, the formation of collaborative networks between teachers, and the creation of learning project plans that can be implemented in their respective schools. In addition, this activity will also provide practical strategies to overcome the geographical and social challenges facing teachers in border areas. Thus, this workshop is expected to be a strategic step in improving the quality of education in the region.

Islamic Religious Education in schools plays an important role in shaping Muslim personalities that reflect authentic Islamic values. The main goal is for students to not only practice religious teachings as a routine, but also understand the meaning of every worship they do, both for themselves and their relationship with God. Islamic Religious Education plays a role as the main pillar in shaping Islamic character, with an approach that involves learning religious values ​​consciously and systematically. This study uses a library research method by analyzing various references from journals and books that discuss the role of Islamic Religious Education in character formation. The results of the study show that this education contributes significantly to building a society that has moral responsibility and strong Islamic character. By strengthening faith and piety, students are expected to avoid negative behavior that can damage social life and endanger national unity. Therefore, Islamic Religious Education is a long-term investment in creating individuals who are not only intellectually intelligent, but also have noble morals according to Islamic teachings.

The statements of Jesus on the cross represent a deeply theological aspect that must continue to be studied, understood, and applied in today’s Christian ministry. Christian ministry must not ignore the meaning of Jesus’ holy suffering as an expression of His sacrifice to redeem sinful humanity. Unfortunately, there are still some who question the authenticity of this suffering, even believing that the one who was crucified was not Jesus, but one of His disciples or another person. This perspective stands in opposition to the core teachings of the Christian faith.This study aims to narrate the peak quality of Jesus’ holy suffering through His seven last sayings on the cross. The research uses a qualitative method with a library research approach and grammatical analysis of biblical texts. Data were collected from theological literature and analyzed in light of biblical implications concerning the idea of Jesus’ suffering.The findings show that each statement of Jesus on the cross holds profound theological meaning and reflects God’s eternal plan for the redemption of human sin. A grammatical analysis of these texts strengthens the understanding that Jesus’ suffering is not only a historical event but also bears a deep spiritual significance essential for human salvation. Therefore, the teaching of Jesus’ words on the cross must become an integral part of church ministry today to strengthen the faith of believers in the truth of the Gospel.

This article discusses the da'wah communication strategy implemented by Habib Alwi Assegaf, a preacher known for his polite, inclusive, and heartfelt approach. This research focuses on the analysis of the discourse of his lectures that integrate universal Islamic values with the local wisdom of the Indonesian people. The research method used is a qualitative approach, with descriptive analysis of data in the form of lecture transcripts, da'wah videos, and audience responses. The results of the study show that Habib Alwi Assegaf uses three main strategies in his da'wah communication. First, the use of simple but meaningful language, which allows audiences from various social and educational backgrounds to understand the message conveyed. Second, an emotional approach that emphasizes compassion, empathy, and appreciation for the audience, thus creating personal closeness. Third, strengthening local cultural values, such as the tradition of mutual cooperation and customs, which are combined with Islamic teachings. This approach is not only effective in conveying religious messages, but also in building social harmony in a diverse society. This research shows that da'wah is not only a means of conveying religious teachings, but also a tool to strengthen relationships between individuals in a multicultural society. Thus, this study is expected to contribute to the development of da'wah communication studies in Indonesia.

This article contains a discussion about the use of language style as a medium of expression in the lyrics of the song Karya Stand Here Alone with the title introvert, the selection of this song as a research material because in writing the lyrics using an interesting language style with a medium of expression that can make listeners, who especially have an introvert nature as if in accordance with their lives, in addition the selection of this song was chosen because it is one of the favorite songs of researchers who want to further analyze the meaning in the album, especially in the song entitled introvert. The purpose of this study is to analyze the use of language as a medium of expression in the song introvert. The study was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method that uses reading, listening and writing techniques, this study has the potential to be a reference for subsequent research.

This research aims to examine the language style in the poem "Senja Merindu" by Rainy Zikri. The problem that will be raised in this research is related to the language style contained in it so that it can create aesthetics in the work. The language style used is believed to have an important role in conveying the feelings and meaning that the writer wants to convey to the reader. The method applied is analytical descriptive with a literature study approach. The object of this research is the poem "Senja Merindu" by Rainy Zikri which has a distinctive language style. The results of the analysis show that this poetry contains melancholic, romantic and lyrical language styles. The melancholic style is seen in the theme of longing, romantic in the nuances of love, and lyrism is reflected in the use of deep poetic language. It is hoped that this research can become a reference for further research related to language style in poetry.

"Improvement of Short Story Writing Ability Through the Personal Experience of Class VIII Unismuh Junior High School Makassar". Thesis of Indonesian Language and Literature Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Makassar Muhammadiyah University.This type of research is a Class Action Research (Class Action Research) which aims to describe the improvement of short story writing skills through the personal experience of students of class Class VIII Unismuh Junior High School Makassar and describes the process of improving the ability to write short stories through the personal experience of the MA class Class VIII Unismuh Junior High School Makassar. The instruments used in data collection were tests, observation guidelines, interview guidelines, and the data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The data in this study are in the form of tesp there are 24 students and the results of observations in the learning process.The results showed that quantitatively there was an increase in the learning outcomes of short story writing through the personal experience of 24 students, namely on the pretest results, an average score of 56.63%. In the first cycle the average score of student learning outcomes was 68.13%, while the second cycle of student learning outcomes writing short stories through personal experience was 81.74%. In the first cycle, students who finished 9 students or 46.48% and categories of incomplete were 15 students or 53.52%. While in the second cycle category there were 21 students or 89.96% and the incomplete category were 3 people or 10.04% meaning that there was an increase of 13.61%.Based on the results of the research above, it can be concluded that the results of learning to write short stories through the personal experience of students of class XI MA Darul Istiqamah Maccopa Maros Regency can be improved through students' personal experiences.

The film "Wicked," adapted from the novel by Gregory Maguire, offered a new perspective on the character Elphaba, who was known as the wicked witch in the classic story "The Wizard of Oz." This research aimed to explore how Elphaba's character challenged the negative stereotypes associated with her and highlighted the importance of representing complex characters in media. This study was descriptive in nature, employing a semiotic approach to analyze the signs and meanings contained within Elphaba's character, as well as the social critique implications that arose. The findings indicated that Elphaba was not merely perceived as a symbol of evil but also served as a representation of empowerment for marginalized individuals, reflecting the complexities of identity and the struggle against social stigma. Elphaba's character illustrated a journey of transformation from ostracism to self-acceptance, inspiring audiences to understand and appreciate diversity and the challenges faced by those considered different. The film invited viewers to reflect on how societal judgments were often based on physical appearance and encouraged them to celebrate differences. The implications of this social critique were significant, as they could foster empathy and positive change within society, as well as raise awareness of the importance of embracing individual uniqueness.  

The leather industry in numerous countries, including Indonesia, continues to encounter significant challenges that impede its competitiveness in both domestic and international markets. Abekani Leather, a small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) operating within the leather industry in Yogyakarta, is one such entity striving to remain competitive against other players in the sector. Based on interviews conducted with the owner of Abekani Leather, it was revealed that annual sales from 2018 to 2023 have declined by approximately 10-15%. This downturn is primarily attributed to the increasing presence of competitors offering similar products within the leather industry. Based on the AHP weighting results using the Super Decision software, it can be concluded that the alternative strategy SO-4 (Utilizing social media for promotions in various media by utilizing community relationships) has the highest weight value of 0.54, meaning this strategy should be prioritized first to achieve Abekani's objectives.

This study examines the intricate relationship between language use in literature and the cultural values it reflects. Language serves not only as a medium of communication but also as a vessel for cultural identity, beliefs, and social norms. Through a comparative analysis of literary works from diverse cultural backgrounds, this research highlights how authors employ language to convey their cultural narratives, ideologies, and ethical frameworks. The study focuses on various literary genres, including poetry, prose, and drama, to illustrate how linguistic choices—such as diction, syntax, and figurative language—embody the values and traditions of specific cultures. Additionally, the research investigates the impact of historical and social contexts on language use in literature, revealing how cultural shifts and globalization influence literary expression. By analyzing texts from different periods and regions, this study aims to demonstrate that literature not only reflects cultural values but also plays a crucial role in shaping and challenging them. Ultimately, the findings underscore the importance of understanding language in literature as a key to unlocking the deeper meanings of cultural identity and heritage.

POME is liquid wastewater derived from processing of palm fruit. POME contains nitrogen, phosphate, potassium, magnesium and calcium compounds, that can be used as a good fertilizer for plantations. However, before application, POME must be processed because direct use of unprocessed POME can damage the environment. PT XYZ utilizes POME as raw material for biogas through an anaerobic fermentation process to produce alternative energy for electricity generation, however, biogas production at PT XYZ  produces CH4 levels that do not meet the desired standard, namely 60%, while the value obtained is still 57%, so it can occure an incomplete combustion process in the engine. Therefore, research was carried out to analyze the influence of POME's Chemical Oygen Demand (COD) and the pH of POME as biogas raw material on the CH4 produced. Meanwhile, based on measurements of POME pH, fluctuations are caused by environmental conditions, therefore before the feed enters the biodigester, the first treatment is increasing pH until 6-7 to adjust the optimal conditions for bacteria working to break down organic substances.  The results shows that the estimated potential for a Biogas Power Plant (PLTBg) with a production capacity of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) of 60 tons/hour, the high generating capacity is influenced by the large COD value, meaning that the COD value greatly influences the CH4 produced, but must also be in accordance with Other factors that influence CH4 production such as pH, temperature, stirring and others.

This study aims to determine the extent of the integration of local wisdom in learning Islamic history at the Faculty of Islamic Studies Undaris. As we have known that one of the objectives of learning Islamic history is to help train intelligence and shape attitudes, character, and personality of students, because the content of Islamic history material contains local wisdom values. This study uses a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out through observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. Data analysis was carried out by giving meaning to the data that was successfully collected and from that meaning conclusions were drawn. The results of the study showed that the integration of local wisdom in learning Islamic history at FAI Undaris refers to the Curriculum which is then developed in the RPS and teaching materials based on local wisdom. In the RPS and teaching materials, the values ​​of local wisdom that are to be developed are stated. Islamic history lecturers also use tools in the form of applications of active learning strategies to further maximize the integration of local wisdom and the learning objectives of Islamic history itself.

This type of research is field study research. It is very easy to analyze data, especially when it comes to data collection and analysis. The subject of this research is the Great Grebeg Tradition. The findings of this research indicate that Grebeg Besar is a custom of the people of the Regency to commemorate Eid al-Adha in the month of Djulhijjah. This shows that Grebeg Besar is a sacred tradition that has ceremonial significance because gradually the people of Demak and its surroundings are starting to understand its meaning. Data collection methods such as observation, interviews and documentation will be used to carry out this research. The results of this research describe the reality of the Grebeg tradition which is significant and related to religion, leadership, mutual cooperation, aesthetics and economics. This research can be used as a social studies learning resource based on community wisdom for character building which is applied in Class IV of SD Negeri Kadilagu 1.

The purpose of this study is to look at the morphology of affixation on vocabulary in Almaira's noveltoon ‘Behind Aisha's Veil’, especially in the third chapter with the theme ‘Love?’. The method used is qualitative. The data were collected through literature research and descriptive analysis that experienced affixation. This study found that the novel uses affixation, a linguistic process that involves adding affixes to the base form to produce new meanings. The study found that the use of affixes in the novel not only improves character descriptions but also increases the emotional depth of the story. The analysis results show that morphology plays an important role in shaping the meaning and characters in the story. It also shows that morphology reflects the social and cultural dynamics that women face in modern society. It is hoped that this research will enhance our understanding of how morphology is used in modern literary works.

The purpose of this study is to find out and analyze the relevance of Bawaslu da'wah through symbolic communication used in calling for ASN neutrality in Lubuk Rumbai Village, Rupit District, North Musi Rawas Regency in the 2024 Musi Rawas Regency DPRD Legislative Election in North Musi Rawas Regency Dapil I and To find out the meaning and effectiveness of Bawaslu's symbolic communication in influencing the attitude and behavior of ASN related to neutrality in Lubuk Rumbai Village, Rupit District North Musi Rawas Regency in the Legislative Election of the North Musi Rawas Regency DPRD Dapil I in 2024. This research is a type of qualitative research.  Data collection techniques used were interviews, observations and documentation. The results of the Symbolic Communication Research used in calling for the neutrality of ASN in Lubuk Rumbai Village, Rupit District, North Musi Rawas Regency in the 2024 North Musi Rawas Regency DPRD Legislative Election, Dapil I in 2024, the Bawaslu of North Musi Rawas Regency is known so that it is a condition for the implementation of elections to run smoothly and honestly and fairly, so apart from the community,  ASN is also a concern of Bawaslu because it is known that as ASN must be able to maintain attitudes and actions in order to be neutral in the implementation of the election in North Musi Rawas Regency The form of symbolic communication carried out by Bawaslu is by installing billboards or banners containing calls for ASN to be neutral in the implementation of elections Implementation of democratic parties,  The effectiveness of Bawaslu's symbolic communication in influencing the attitude and behavior of ASN related to neutrality