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This study was conducted at TK Negeri Lebiti, Togean District, Tojo Una-una Regency, Central Sulawesi, with the aim of determining the effect of the demonstration method on the social interaction skills of early childhood students. The background of this research is based on the importance of developing children’s social abilities from an early age through learning activities that involve direct participation and interaction. The main problem examined in this study is whether the demonstration method significantly influences the improvement of children’s social interaction skills. This research employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design. The sample consisted of two classes of children aged 4–6 years, comprising 12 children in the experimental class and 20 children in the control class, making a total of 32 participants. The experimental class was taught using the demonstration method, while the control class used conventional learning methods. Data were collected through observation and assessment of children’s social behaviors during learning activities. The collected data were analyzed using statistical techniques to test the research hypothesis. The findings are expected to provide empirical evidence regarding the effectiveness of the demonstration method in improving children’s social interaction skills within the context of early childhood education.

This study aims to examine the effect of applying Dual Coding-based audiovisual learning methods on the learning comprehension of fifth- and sixth-grade students at SDN 2 Korowelanganyar. The research background arises from the issue of low student understanding due to monotonous teaching methods and lecture dominance. Dual Coding integrates verbal (audio) and visual (images, videos) channels, making information easier to process and retain. This research employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design, namely the Nonequivalent Control Group Design. A total of 60 students were involved, divided into experimental and control groups. Data were collected through pretest and posttest, then analyzed using a t-test. Results indicated no significant difference between groups in the pretest. However, the posttest revealed a significant difference, with the experimental group achieving a higher mean score (94.67) compared to the control group (84.00). These findings demonstrate that audiovisual Dual Coding significantly improves students’ learning comprehension. Therefore, this method can serve as an effective and interactive learning strategy aligned with the cognitive development of elementary school students.

The research that has been conducted is entitled "The Effect of Role Playing Method on Speaking Skills in Drama Texts in Grade VII Students of SMP Negeri 20 Medan" which is motivated by the low learning outcomes in the Indonesian Language subject, especially in language skills. Students show a lack of self-confidence and doubt in conveying ideas or ideas that they have. The research method uses a quantitative method with a quasi-experimental approach, a non-equivalent control group design using a nonprobability sampling technique (purposive sampling) and in the form of a pre-test and post-test with a sample size of 32 students VII-1 and 32 students VII-3. Data collection techniques with observation, multiple choice tests, questionnaires, and documentation. Based on the results of the pre-test that has been carried out, it is known that the average pre-test results of the control class and the experimental class are not much different, namely the average pre-test score of the control class is 56.41 while the experimental class is 57.34. After both classes carried out the learning process with different processes, there was a significant difference in the post-test given, namely the control class obtained a score of 84.22 while the experimental class obtained a score of 89.69. Based on the dialtals, it was proven that there was an increase in learning outcomes after the learning process was carried out.

This study aims to improve the ability to recognize geometry in children aged 5–6 years through the block game method at Nurul Muslimin Mosque Kindergarten. The research was conducted as Classroom Action Research (CAR) with a qualitative approach. The subjects of this study were children in group A at Nurul Muslimin Mosque Kindergarten, with research carried out collaboratively between researchers, teachers, and the principal. The procedure followed a systematic design consisting of two cycles, each divided into four stages: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Data were collected through observation, testing, and documentation to measure the development of children's ability to recognize geometric concepts. The results showed a significant increase in children's ability to recognize geometry through the block game method. In the pre-cycle, only 23.33% of children demonstrated the expected level of ability. After the first cycle, this figure increased to 53.33%, indicating moderate progress. By the end of the second cycle, 86.66% of the children had reached the expected competency, showing a remarkable improvement. These findings highlight the effectiveness of the block game method in fostering cognitive development, particularly in the area of early geometry recognition among preschool-aged children. The conclusion of this study emphasizes that implementing block games as a teaching strategy not only enhances children's recognition of geometric shapes but also supports active learning, creativity, and collaboration. Therefore, educators are encouraged to integrate play-based learning methods such as block games into early childhood education programs to improve fundamental mathematical concepts and prepare children for higher learning stages.

Mastery of the concept of multiplication is a fundamental ability that needs to be mastered by primary school students as a foundation for learning further mathematical material. Unfortunately, many learners have difficulty in understanding multiplication thoroughly, both due to the abstract nature of the material and the lack of varied teaching methods. One of the main challenges is the decreased motivation to learn when facing multiplication topics that are considered complicated and boring. This programme introduces the lattice method as an alternative to learning multiplication at the primary level. This visual technique breaks down the multiplication process into structured steps that are easier to understand. The activity involved grade IV students and mathematics teachers at SDN 31 Jati Tanah Tinggi Padang as an effort to innovate numeracy learning. Implementation included socialisation, training, practice, and collaborative evaluation between teachers and students. Assessment instruments included learning interest questionnaire, comprehension test, observation sheet, and group discussion. As a result, the lattice method was proven to improve not only comprehension but also students' participation, confidence, and enthusiasm. Thus, this approach can be a solution to create more interesting and effective learning.

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of an interactive storytelling method supported by visual media in enhancing young children's language skills and character development. The research employs a qualitative approach, collecting data through observation, interviews, and descriptive analysis of learning practices in early childhood education institutions (PAUD). The findings indicate that the use of visual media and active interaction from parents and teachers significantly enriches vocabulary, improves listening skills, and supports children's social- emotional and overall character development. These results underscore the crucial role of parents and visual media in the language stimulation and character-building process for early childhood, aligning with language development theories and social constructivism as foundational principles for effective learning approaches.

This study aims to examine the significance of developing interpersonal intelligence in early childhood as a fundamental basis for supporting their social, emotional, and cognitive growth. Interpersonal intelligence which involves the ability to understand and interact effectively with others plays a vital role in forming positive relationships, promoting cooperation, and resolving conflicts in a healthy way. Through an in-depth literature review, this study explores various strategies and approaches that can be implemented to foster interpersonal intelligence from an early age, such as play based activities, group interactions, and the application of specially designed curricula. The findings show that a warm and supportive environment, interactions that are sensitive to children's needs, and opportunities to interact in meaningful social activities greatly contribute to improving children's interpersonal abilities. Therefore, this study recommends the importance of including strategies for developing interpersonal intelligence in early childhood education programs in order to form individuals who are able to interact socially and emotionally well in the future.

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalis tantangan literasi yang dihadapi oleh anak usia dini dalam kelompok B TK Negeri Handayani Tonala, khususnya dalam hal menulis dan mengenal huruf abjad kecil. Kesulitan dalam mengenal bentuk dan menulis huruf kecil berdampak pada perkembangan literasi awal anak yang merupakan fondasi bagi kemampuan membaca dan menulis lanjutkan. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan tehnik pengumpulan data berupa obsevasi, serta dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa faktor utama kesulitas anak terletak pada kurangnya variasi media pembelajaran, metode mengajar yang belum menyenangkan, serta kurangnya latihan motorik halus.Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini adalah penggunan pendekatan bermain dan media visual interaktif untuk mendukung pengenalan huruf dan keterampilan menulis anak usia dini.

Konsep nafs dalam Al-Qur’an memiliki peran signifikan dalam memahami struktur kejiwaan dan spiritualitas manusia. Dalam psikologi Islam, nafs sering dikaitkan dengan dinamika batiniah yang memengaruhi perilaku dan pembentukan karakter seseorang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji makna nafs dalam Al-Qur’an melalui pendekatan semantik dan mengaitkannya dengan dimensi psikologis serta spiritual dalam proses pembentukan karakter. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Analisis semantik dilakukan terhadap ayat-ayat yang mengandung kata nafs, kemudian diklasifikasikan berdasarkan konteks linguistik dan teologisnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa makna nafs dalam Al-Qur’an dapat dikategorikan ke dalam beberapa dimensi, seperti nafs ammarah (jiwa yang memerintah pada kejahatan), nafs lawwamah (jiwa yang mencela), dan nafs mutma’innah (jiwa yang tenang). Ketiga dimensi ini mencerminkan perjalanan spiritual dan psikologis manusia menuju penyempurnaan diri. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam pengembangan tafsir tematik Al-Qur’an, serta memperkaya khazanah psikologi Islam dalam kerangka pembentukan karakter yang holistik dan transendental.

This study explores how a digital-based listen–response method—combining vibrant video stimuli with instant, game-like feedback on the Quizizz platform—can transform listening comprehension from a passive task into an energizing adventure. Involving 39 junior high students, the research gathered performance data from structured listening quizzes and direct teacher observations. With an impressive average score of 87.17—most students achieving “Good” to “Excellent” levels—and vivid improvements in focus and enthusiasm, the findings reveal that turning listening exercises into interactive challenges boosts both comprehension and motivation. Yet, to master higher-order inferential skills, follow-up discussions and reflection activities are essential. By harnessing this method, educators can reimagine listening lessons as interactive journeys that captivate learners and deepen their language skills.

This research was conducted based on observations made on fifth-grade students, regarding their self-confidence, which still requires stimulation due to a lack of self-confidence. Based on this problem, an improvement is needed that can enhance students' self-confidence through engaging and enjoyable activities that are not frequently done, one of which is the role-playing method. The objective of this research is to determine the increase in self-confidence of fifth-grade students through the role-playing method at SD Negeri 26/IV Kota Jambi. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR). It was conducted at SD Negeri 26/IV Kota Jambi from March 2025 to April 2025. The research subjects were 15 students and the class teacher. Data collection methods included observation, documentation, and interviews. Data analysis involved data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The performance indicator to be achieved is an increase in children's self-confidence by 75% out of 15 children using the role-playing method. The results of this study indicate that the role playing method is proven to be effective in increasing the self-confidence of fifth grade students at SDN 26/IV Jambi City. The increase in children's self-confidence can be seen from cycle I to cycle II. In cycle I, the children's self-confidence ability was categorized as developing well by 44% with a good category. and in cycle II it increased to 94% with a very good category. So it can be concluded that the role playing method can increase self-confidence in fifth grade students at SDN 26/IV Jambi City.

This research was conducted based on observations made on fifth-grade students, regarding their self-confidence, which still requires stimulation due to a lack of self-confidence. Based on this problem, an improvement is needed that can enhance students' self-confidence through engaging and enjoyable activities that are not frequently done, one of which is the role-playing method. The objective of this research is to determine the increase in self-confidence of fifth-grade students through the role-playing method at SD Negeri 26/IV Kota Jambi. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR). It was conducted at SD Negeri 26/IV Kota Jambi from March 2025 to April 2025. The research subjects were 15 students and the class teacher. Data collection methods included observation, documentation, and interviews. Data analysis involved data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The performance indicator to be achieved is an increase in children's self-confidence by 75% out of 15 children using the role-playing method. The results of this study indicate that the role playing method is proven to be effective in increasing the self-confidence of fifth grade students at SDN 26/IV Jambi City. The increase in children's self-confidence can be seen from cycle I to cycle II. In cycle I, the children's self-confidence ability was categorized as developing well by 44% with a good category. and in cycle II it increased to 94% with a very good category. So it can be concluded that the role playing method can increase self-confidence in fifth grade students at SDN 26/IV Jambi City.

This study examines the implementation of Arabic language learning based on the Qur'an at Mushollah Zubhatul Hasan, focusing on the sorogan and talaqqi methods. The sorogan method allows students to read directly in front of their teacher, receiving guidance on pronunciation, meaning, and sentence structure. This individual approach provides a more personalized learning experience, enabling students to receive immediate corrections. Meanwhile, the talaqqi method emphasizes listening and repeating the teacher’s recitation collectively, improving fluency, tajwid accuracy, and linguistic comprehension. Additionally, the practice of daily Arabic conversations in the Mushollah environment plays a crucial role in reinforcing language acquisition. Initially, students faced challenges in speaking Arabic, but continuous practice helped them develop confidence and fluency. This immersive approach allows students not only to learn Arabic theoretically but also to internalize it through practical use. The findings highlight that combining sorogan, talaqqi, and Arabic-speaking habits effectively enhances students’ Arabic proficiency, both in understanding Qur'anic texts and applying the language in daily interactions. This study underscores the importance of integrating structured teaching methods with real-life practice to achieve comprehensive Arabic language mastery in a religious learning setting.

This research aims to determine the increase in the ability to use capital letters in class VI students by Applying The Assignment method in Indonesian language learning. This research is classroom action research, namely research carried out in the classroom as an effort to examine, analyze and critically a teacher's learning plan, teacher interactions with students, and how students interact in class. Increased implementation of the learning process in class from cycle I with an average score of 62,37% with the category not having reached the predetermined success criteria, and in cycle II with a score reaching 84,04%. This means that the research indicators have been achieved and there is no need to continue in the next cycle.

Indonesian is the national language used as the main means of communication in everyday life, both in education, government, and in the mass media. In this context, literacy methods are important to be applied in the process of learning Indonesian. Indonesian language education at the Senior High School (SMA) level plays an important role in shaping students' literacy skills, both in reading, writing, speaking, and listening. One of the main objectives of learning Indonesian is to develop effective communication skills and improve literacy skills that can support students' academic success and daily lives. The application of appropriate literacy methods is very necessary to help improve the quality of Indonesian language learning. Literacy methods in learning Indonesian can encourage students to be more active in reading, writing, and thinking critically. With the right method, students not only master Indonesian language material, but are also able to apply literacy skills in various life contexts. This study aims to apply literacy methods in learning Indonesian at SMA Negeri Restorasi Doreng. Literacy as the ability to understand, criticize, and produce texts has an important role in improving students' competence in language. The methods applied in this study involve various literacy techniques, such as critical reading, creative writing, and text-based discussions. This research was conducted with a qualitative approach through observation, interviews, and document analysis. The results of the study indicate that the application of literacy methods can improve students' understanding of Indonesian language materials, enrich vocabulary, and hone their writing and speaking skills. In addition, the application of this method also succeeded in building more active student involvement in the learning process. Thus, the literacy method can be used as an alternative to improve the quality of Indonesian language learning at the high school level.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan metode tematik dalam pembelajaran bahasa berdasarkan perspektif siswa dan guru. Penelitian dilakukan melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan melibatkan wawancara mendalam, observasi kelas, dan analisis dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode tematik mampu meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap materi bahasa melalui integrasi berbagai keterampilan bahasa, seperti membaca, menulis, berbicara, dan mendengar, dalam konteks tema tertentu. Guru memandang metode ini sebagai strategi efektif untuk memotivasi siswa, meskipun terdapat tantangan dalam perencanaan dan pelaksanaannya, terutama terkait waktu dan sumber daya. Perspektif siswa mengungkapkan bahwa metode ini mempermudah mereka memahami materi dan meningkatkan partisipasi aktif dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi keberhasilan implementasi metode tematik, termasuk kesiapan guru, kurikulum, dan dukungan fasilitas. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan penting bagi pengembangan pedagogi bahasa dan menyarankan peningkatan pelatihan bagi guru dalam penerapan metode tematik.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan metode tematik dalam pembelajaran bahasa berdasarkan perspektif siswa dan guru. Penelitian dilakukan melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan melibatkan wawancara mendalam, observasi kelas, dan analisis dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode tematik mampu meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap materi bahasa melalui integrasi berbagai keterampilan bahasa, seperti membaca, menulis, berbicara, dan mendengar, dalam konteks tema tertentu. Guru memandang metode ini sebagai strategi efektif untuk memotivasi siswa, meskipun terdapat tantangan dalam perencanaan dan pelaksanaannya, terutama terkait waktu dan sumber daya. Perspektif siswa mengungkapkan bahwa metode ini mempermudah mereka memahami materi dan meningkatkan partisipasi aktif dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi keberhasilan implementasi metode tematik, termasuk kesiapan guru, kurikulum, dan dukungan fasilitas. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan penting bagi pengembangan pedagogi bahasa dan menyarankan peningkatan pelatihan bagi guru dalam penerapan metode tematik.

This research aims to identify challenges and solutions in implementing discussion learning methods in Indonesian language subjects. Through a literature review, it was found that the main challenges lie in low student participation, teachers' lack of ability to manage discussions, and limited time and resources. Apart from that, the heterogeneity of students' abilities is also an obstacle. To overcome these challenges, this research presents several solutions, including: creating a conducive learning environment, providing space for exploration for students, improving teacher skills, motivating students, and improving classroom management. By implementing these solutions in an integrated manner, it is hoped that discussion learning can become more effective and achieve the desired learning goals. This research concludes that the successful implementation of the discussion method is very dependent on the joint efforts of various parties, including teachers, students and schools. Thus, discussion learning can be an effective means for developing students' language, critical thinking and collaboration skills. 

This research aims to identify challenges and solutions in implementing discussion learning methods in Indonesian language subjects. Through a literature review, it was found that the main challenges lie in low student participation, teachers' lack of ability to manage discussions, and limited time and resources. Apart from that, the heterogeneity of students' abilities is also an obstacle. To overcome these challenges, this research presents several solutions, including: creating a conducive learning environment, providing space for exploration for students, improving teacher skills, motivating students, and improving classroom management. By implementing these solutions in an integrated manner, it is hoped that discussion learning can become more effective and achieve the desired learning goals. This research concludes that the successful implementation of the discussion method is very dependent on the joint efforts of various parties, including teachers, students and schools. Thus, discussion learning can be an effective means for developing students' language, critical thinking and collaboration skills. 

Writing scientific articles is an important skill in the academic world that requires a deep understanding of research methods, both quantitative and qualitative. This article aims to provide education regarding article writing methods based on these two approaches. In quantitative methods, focus is given to the use of numerical data, statistical analysis, and generalization of research results. Meanwhile, qualitative methods focus on in-depth exploration of social phenomena, narrative data collection, and subjective interpretation. This article outlines the systematic steps in writing articles for both methods, starting from problem formulation, literature review, research design, and data analysis, to drawing up conclusions. By understanding the characteristics and structure of each method, writers are expected to be able to produce articles that are quality, relevant, and under academic rules. This education is expected to be a practical guide for students, researchers, and academics in developing the ability to write scientific articles.