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Learning is the process of forming behavior or behaviorism and is seen from the cognitive aspect of students, in fact to support the achievement of ideal educational goals with the existing education system in Indonesia. In this research, the author is interested in researching students' cognitive aspects in line with 21st century learning to determine students' critical thinking abilities using the problem based learning model. This type of research is research using a quantitative research approach. The sample in this study was control class VII A students with a total of 13 students and VII B was an experiment with a total of 12 students at Halioam State Middle School, totaling 25 students. Data collection techniques use test questions and documentation, interviews. Data analysis used the independent sample t-test hypothesis test and the N-Gain score test. The results of the research show that the problem based learning model can have an influence on the critical thinking abilities of class VII students at Halioan State Middle School. This is proven by assessing students' critical thinking abilities using a hypothesis test using an independent sample t-test. The result was a 2-tailed sig of 0.000 < 0.05 so that there is an influence of the problem based learning model on Halioan State Middle School students' critical thinking abilitie.

The Effect of the Team Assisted Individualization Type Cooperative Learning Model to Improve Geography Student Learning Outcomes in Grade X Students of Bolan State Senior High School. The background of this study is based on in initial observations by researchers at Bolan State Senior High School on class X.A and  X.B students, X.A Was used as an experimental group by implementing the team assisted invidualization.(TAI) coperatif learning model. The duration of this study, in a week in the form of 2x meetings for one month. The results of the study showed that there was an influence of the implementation of the cooperative learning model of the team assisted individualization (TAI) type on the learning outcomes of geography subjects of class X students of Bolan State Senior High School. Comprehensively, the results were (1) The learning outcomes of experimental class students in the initial test (pretest) showed that the average pre-test score on the Basic Knowledge of Geography material was 56.90 and the learning outcomes of experimental class students in the final test (posttest) showed that the average pre-test score on the Basic Knowledge of Geography material was 81.61. (2) The learning outcomes of the control class in the initial test (pretest) showed that the average pre-test score on the Basic Knowledge of Geography material was 51.24 while the learning outcomes of the control class in the final test (posttest) showed that the average pre-test score on the Basic Knowledge of Geography material was 72.72. Judging from the two trials, it showed that there was an increase in learning outcomes and the average score of the basic knowledge of geography material in the experimental class and the control class.

The Effect of the Team Assisted Individualization Type Cooperative Learning Model to Improve Geography Student Learning Outcomes in Grade X Students of Bolan State Senior High School. The background of this study is based on in initial observations by researchers at Bolan State Senior High School on class X.A and  X.B students, X.A Was used as an experimental group by implementing the team assisted invidualization.(TAI) coperatif learning model. The duration of this study, in a week in the form of 2x meetings for one month. The results of the study showed that there was an influence of the implementation of the cooperative learning model of the team assisted individualization (TAI) type on the learning outcomes of geography subjects of class X students of Bolan State Senior High School. Comprehensively, the results were (1) The learning outcomes of experimental class students in the initial test (pretest) showed that the average pre-test score on the Basic Knowledge of Geography material was 56.90 and the learning outcomes of experimental class students in the final test (posttest) showed that the average pre-test score on the Basic Knowledge of Geography material was 81.61. (2) The learning outcomes of the control class in the initial test (pretest) showed that the average pre-test score on the Basic Knowledge of Geography material was 51.24 while the learning outcomes of the control class in the final test (posttest) showed that the average pre-test score on the Basic Knowledge of Geography material was 72.72. Judging from the two trials, it showed that there was an increase in learning outcomes and the average score of the basic knowledge of geography material in the experimental class and the control class.

This study aims to determine the process of rice field pawning in Bulutellue Village, District of Sinjai Regency while analyzing the causes of rice field pawning. The type of research used is a qualitative descriptive research method that observes by interacting with the main informants, namely pawners because they are the actors in the implementation of Rice Field Pawning and pawn recipients in Bulutellue Village. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation. The data obtained are then processed using data analysis techniques in the form of data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. And also data validation using Member Check. The results of this study indicate that Rice Field Pawning in Bulutellue Village was initially a pawn in the form of a garden then over time changed into a rice field pawning and this has become a tradition. This rice field pawning process can also be used to cover up shame or siri' and this rice field pawning process has some that have verbal agreements and some also have written agreements. There is also one of the customary laws that still applies today and is used as a tradition by the people in Bulutellue Village. The factors causing the occurrence of rice field mortgages in Bulutellue Village are economic factors, for example those related to weddings and education.

This research aims to respond to the complex challenges of the digital era, where students are not only required to develop scientific thinking skills but also to strengthen ethics and character as the primary basis for filtering information and acting wisely in cyberspace. Rapid technological developments are often not directly proportional to the mastery of moral literacy, so the application of Islamic ethical values ​​is crucial to create a balance between intellectual intelligence and good morals. This research aims to examine how combining scientific thinking with Islamic ethics can strengthen students' character, while also identifying effective implementation approaches in contemporary learning environments. The method used is a literature study with descriptive qualitative analysis, involving the review of various literature sources related to scientific thinking, character education, and Islamic ethical principles. The results show that the collaboration between systematic, critical, and objective scientific thinking processes with Islamic ethical values ​​such as honesty, responsibility, and politeness can shape students' mindsets and behaviors that are more moderate, responsible, and ethical in the use of technology. This integration also improves students' ability to carefully assess digital information, make appropriate moral decisions, and avoid deviations in cyberspace. In terms of implications, this research emphasizes the need to develop a curriculum and teaching strategies that structuredly combine cognitive and affective aspects, so that schools can produce a generation that is not only academically superior, but also has a strong, adaptive character and noble morals amidst the unstoppable wave of digital technology development.

This research was conducted at BRI Regional Audit Office Bandung. The purpose of this study is to determine how much influence internal audit and whistleblowing system partially and simultaneously have on fraud prevention. The theories used in this study are agency theory and pentagon fraud theory. The population in this study is all BRI Regional Audit Office Bandung workers. This study used nonprobability sampling techniques using purposive sampling techniques. The sample of this study was all auditors of BRI Regional Audit Office Bandung, which was 41 respondents and data collection using questionnaires. This research uses a quantitative approach with descriptive and verifiative methods. The statistical tests used are validity tests and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, correlation coefficient analysis, determination coefficient analysis and hypothesis tests. The results of the analysis were processed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 26 program. The correlation results show that internal audit, whistleblowing system and fraud have a very strong relationship with positive direction. Meanwhile, the results of multiple linear regression analysis show that internal audit and whistleblowing system have a significant effect on fraud prevention both partially and simultaneously.

In the context of modern organizations, performance can no longer be measured solely through short-term target achievements. A strong foundation of quality culture is required to ensure sustainable performance. This study aims to examine the relationship between quality culture and organizational performance sustainability through a modern managerial approach. The method used is descriptive qualitative, employing literature studies and conceptual analysis of theories related to quality management, organizational culture, and performance sustainability. The findings indicate that quality culture holds a strategic role in shaping work behavior, strengthening management systems, and fostering continuous innovation. The application of quality values—such as commitment to continuous improvement, customer orientation, and consistency in process control—contributes to the creation of a productive work environment that is responsive to change. Integrating quality culture into all aspects of the organization also enhances operational efficiency, reinforces teamwork, and promotes data-driven decision-making. These aspects lead to greater performance consistency, improved customer satisfaction, and long-term competitive advantage. Therefore, quality culture does not merely serve as a behavioral guideline but becomes a fundamental pillar in building an adaptive, innovative, and sustainable organization capable of navigating an increasingly complex business environment.

This study aims to describe and analyze the influence of the online attendance application (Sisensi) on employee productivity through employee discipline in the production division of Perumda Air Minum Tirta Mayang, Jambi City. The method used is quantitative analysis with a population of employees and a sample of 94 respondents. Data were collected using a Likert scale–based questionnaire, and the analysis was conducted using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique based on Partial Least Squares (PLS) with the aid of SmartPLS 4 software. The results of the study show that: (1) the online attendance application has a positive and significant effect on employee productivity, (2) the online attendance application has a positive and significant effect on employee discipline, (3) employee discipline has a positive and significant effect on employee productivity, and (4) employee discipline is able to mediate the effect of the online attendance application on employee productivity. The recommendations derived from this study are as follows: For the employee productivity variable, it is suggested that the company provide relevant and continuous training, establish clear and easily understood Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), and conduct regular mentoring and evaluations to increase the amount of work that employees can complete. For the online attendance application variable, the company is advised to enhance the practicality and ease of use of the application, enabling employees to better understand and utilize the system. For the employee discipline variable, the company should conduct regular socialization sessions regarding the proper use of facilities and resources according to established standards to prevent damage, excessive use, and misuse.    

This study aims to synergize the importance of simple accounting records for MSMEs with Q.S. al-Baqarah verse 282. Where many MSMEs do not implement accounting records even though they are simple. If MSMEs implement this, it can help business sustainability. Allah SWT has commanded business people to record transactions in Q.S. al-Baqarah verse 282. This study uses a qualitative method. The results of the study show that Surah Al-Baqarah verse 282 provides practical and moral guidance that is very relevant to the needs of accounting records in MSMEs. The principles of honesty, accuracy, and justice in this verse are in line with accounting practices that aim to create effective, professional, and sustainable financial management. By implementing these values, MSMEs can face modern business challenges with a strong foundation and oriented towards business sustainability and social harmony. In addition, the application of Qur’anic values can enhance business partners’ trust and improve transparency in transactional relationships. This study recommends that MSMEs strengthen Islamic value-based accounting education to create more trustworthy and competitive financial governance.

This study analyzes the implementation of the ITIL V4 Service Value System (SVS) in managing information technology services at PT Puskomedia Indonesia Kreatif. The research aims to evaluate the alignment of the company’s service management Practices with ITIL V4 best Practices, focusing on issues related to digital documentation and incident tracking. A qualitative case study approach was used, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation review. The results show that the company has applied several ITIL V4 components, particularly in service delivery and support, collaboration, and responsiveness to customer needs. However, Governance and documentation processes remain mostly manual, and incident tracking lacks digital monitoring, limiting data-driven evaluation. Core Practices such as Incident Management, Service Request Management, and Change Enablement are implemented but have not reached optimal maturity due to the absence of automation, SLA documentation, and structured change records. The study highlights the need for an integrated service desk system, Governance dashboard, and Continual Improvement Register (CIR) to strengthen transparency, accountability, and long-term service quality.

This study investigates the implementation of reasonable accommodations for students with special needs at SMP Negeri 32 Kota Tangerang. The research focuses on how inclusive education is operationalized within a public junior high school context to ensure equal educational opportunities for all learners, regardless of their physical, intellectual, or emotional differences. The central problem addressed concerns the extent to which inclusive policies and practices are effectively translated into tangible support systems for students with special needs. Accordingly, the primary objective of this study is to analyze the implementation process, challenges, and outcomes of reasonable accommodations in promoting inclusive learning environments. A qualitative research design was employed, utilizing data collection techniques such as observation, in-depth interviews with the principal, special education teachers, homeroom and subject teachers, as well as students with special needs, complemented by documentation analysis. The validity of the data was established through triangulation, encompassing processes of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings demonstrate that SMP Negeri 32 Kota Tangerang has successfully implemented reasonable accommodations supported by the BOSDA Inklusi program. This funding facilitates the provision of accessibility features—including ramps, guiding blocks, accessible toilets, and wheelchairs—alongside adaptive learning materials and teacher remuneration. Furthermore, systematic identification and assessment procedures are conducted regularly, and the curriculum is continuously adapted to meet individual learning needs. The school also organizes regular capacity-building programs for educators and staff. In addition, strong collaboration with the Tangerang City Government, the Difabel Mandiri Indonesia Foundation, and USAID Madani provides sustained technical assistance and monitoring.

At the company PT. PLN (Persero) ULTG Madiun carried out many tests relay, one of which is intertrip testing relay distance. Intertrip testing relay distance is a test carried out between 2 (two) relay distance conducting bays in main substations that face each other. Intertrip testing relay distance must be done if replacement occursrelay, replacement of teleprotection equipment, changes to protection schemes, and changes to logic circuitsrelay which is related to the send or receive signal from the opposite substation. However, this test requires synchronization between two intertrip test tools relay distance at each substation. In this final project, it will be designed Time Syncronization As A Tool For Intertrip Relay Distance Testing, to make things easier for PT employees. PLN (Persero) ULTG Madiun when synchronizing two intertrip test equipment relay distance. All process control of this tool uses ESP32 Devkit V1. Meanwhile for displaying setting time for testing can be seen on the web assisted by GPS NEO-6M. The results obtained when testing the Dolopo by Ponorogo R and S phase distance intertrip relay were carried out at 12.00.00, experiencing a delay time of 0.0553 seconds when the PMT tripped. Meanwhile, the Dolopo by Ponorogo T phase distance intertrip relay test was carried out on 12.09.00 and experienced a delay of 0.0529 seconds when the PMT tripped. From two intertrip relay distance tests, the trip time delay is no more than 0.1 second.

This study explores the influence of childhood memories, particularly the experience of "unresolved revenge" in the form of a failed tricycle ownership, on the process of creating works of art. This phenomenon is analyzed through the lens of psychoanalysis and consumerism criticism, where childhood fantasies transform into an obsession with collecting in adulthood, as an outlet for powerful passionate sensations. Qualitatively, works of art are positioned not only as manifestations of personal expression, but also as sustainable and critical practices. The articulation of art becomes a way to resolve consumerist trauma in a non-physical way, transforming the urge for unsustainable material accumulation (the infatuation of collecting) into artistic output that reflects and critiques the symbolic prestige value of commodities in the 1980s. This study concludes that personal memory-based art practices offer a sustainable framework for psychological recovery and social critique of the endless cycle of material desires.

The Hartley transform provides a real-valued alternative to the classical Fourier transform, offering structural advantages for the analysis of real-valued signals. This paper presents a systematic study of the continuous Hartley transform, including its definition, inversion formula, Plancherel identity, and core operational properties such as shifting, modulation, and convolution. The analytical framework is developed in parallel with the classical Fourier theory to highlight structural similarities and distinctions between the two transforms. Furthermore, we establish a Hartley-type Heisenberg uncertainty principle using two complementary approaches: a direct method based on intrinsic properties of the Hartley kernel, and a Fourier-based method that exploits the algebraic relationship between the Hartley and Fourier transforms. These results provide a unified and rigorous foundation for understanding uncertainty relations within real-valued transform frameworks, and they demonstrate the continued relevance of the Hartley transform in harmonic analysis, integral transforms, and modern signal processing.

Security in e-commerce applications is a crucial factor that significantly affects user trust. Many users often feel anxious about the confidentiality of personal data, transaction security, and the potential for misuse of information. This study is a systematic literature review (SLR) using the PRISMA model, aiming to analyze in depth the influence of security on user trust in the context of e-commerce applications. Through this review, relevant previous studies on user security and trust were identified and evaluated to provide a more comprehensive understanding. The results of the analysis show that the improvement and implementation of superior security features, including strict data protection, multi-layered authentication, and transparent and robust privacy policies, have an essential role in growing and strengthening user trust. Guaranteed security not only creates a sense of convenience during the transaction process, but it is also very effective in increasing and maintaining user loyalty to the e-commerce platform in question. Improving security can be interpreted as a strategic investment for the sustainability of digital businesses.

Social media has become the main platform for university students to express themselves and build professional reputation. However, many students have not yet been able to utilize social media positively to support their academic and career growth. This community service aimed to strengthen students’ understanding and skills in developing personal branding through effective social media utilization. The program was implemented through workshops, discussions, and mentoring for students of the Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Makassar. Pre-test and post-test evaluations were conducted to assess participants’ knowledge improvement. The students’ average score increased, indicating significant improvement. Majority of participants began applying personal branding strategies on their social media accounts. The activity effectively enhanced students’ awareness and ability to build professional online identities.

Social media has become the main platform for university students to express themselves and build professional reputation. However, many students have not yet been able to utilize social media positively to support their academic and career growth. This community service aimed to strengthen students’ understanding and skills in developing personal branding through effective social media utilization. The program was implemented through workshops, discussions, and mentoring for students of the Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Makassar. Pre-test and post-test evaluations were conducted to assess participants’ knowledge improvement. The students’ average score increased, indicating significant improvement. Majority of participants began applying personal branding strategies on their social media accounts. The activity effectively enhanced students’ awareness and ability to build professional online identities.

This community service activity was conducted by lecturers from STIM Sukma in October 2025 at Medan Tembung District. The aim was to enhance the awareness and understanding of construction workers regarding the importance of using Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) as a preventive measure against occupational accidents. Ten construction workers participated in the socialization activity, which included interactive lectures, group discussions, and simple demonstrations on the proper use of PPE. The results indicated a positive improvement in workers’ knowledge and awareness toward PPE use, although some limitations were observed regarding tool availability and habitual work behaviors. This activity highlights the significance of an educational and humanistic approach in cultivating a culture of safety within the informal construction sector. Through follow-up programs and regular mentoring, it is hoped that changes in worker behavior will develop more consistently. Furthermore, collaboration with local stakeholders is crucial to ensure the availability of PPE and the desire for a culture of workplace safety within the community.

The use of virtual classrooms in the learning process is a strategic step to create a flexible learning experience, accessible anytime and anywhere. Schoology's "Plasma" as a virtual classroom platform offers various digital learning features that enable students to develop Self-Regulated Learning (SRL). Through access to materials, discussions, and other digital learning resources, students are encouraged to be more active, independent, and able to plan, monitor, and evaluate their own learning process. SRL is an important internal factor that plays a role in learning success, because it encourages students to realize their learning needs without relying on direct direction from the teacher. This study is a classroom action research conducted by mathematics teachers at SMA Negeri 1 Gedongtataan, Pesawaran, Lampung, with 30 students of grade XII IPA 1 in the 2022/2023 academic year. Data were collected through questionnaires, observations, and interviews, then analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that the use of Schoology's virtual classroom significantly improved students' SRL. The comparison of the average SRL scores in Cycle I and Cycle II, 2.7 and 3.2, respectively, indicates a consistent increase. This finding confirms that the integration of Schoology's virtual classroom is effective in enhancing students' learning independence at the secondary education level.

Increasing rice production is a national strategic priority given its role in maintaining food security and economic stability in the community. This study aims to analyze strategies for increasing rice production in Indonesia through a literature review approach based on relevant scientific articles. The analysis was conducted to identify the main factors that affect rice productivity and to formulate comprehensive strategies covering aspects of cultivation technology, land and water management, institutions and extension, production risk mitigation, and socioeconomic factors. The results of the study show that modern cultivation technology, especially the use of new superior varieties, the legowo planting system, and balanced fertilization, are the main foundations for increasing productivity. However, the success of technology implementation is largely determined by stable access to water, coordination of farmer institutions, intensive extension support, and the availability of capital and supporting infrastructure. Production risks due to climate change and pest attacks also have a significant impact on yield stability, requiring integrated mitigation strategies such as simultaneous planting and strengthening of integrated pest management (IPM). Overall, this study confirms that rice production enhancement strategies must be integrative, adaptive, and sustainable by strengthening the synergy between technology, institutions, and supporting policies. These findings are expected to serve as a basis for formulating more effective agricultural policies to boost national rice production.