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This research aims to analyze the influence of the problem based learning model with a differentiation approach to the topic of harmony in the ecosystem of grade 5 elementary school students. The population in this study was class V students at Wadungasri Elementary School, Waru District, Sidoarjo Regency, totaling 77 students and a sample of 29 students was taken. Data collection techniques using questionnaires. Data processing techniques with validity testing using expert judgment techniques. Reliability test uses Alpha Cronbach. The swimmer analysis test is the normality test and linearity test. The data analysis technique used is a simple regression test. Research results: the guided inquiry learning model had an effect on students' critical thinking skills by 3.7%. The research results show that the problem based learning model with a differentiation approach to the topic Harmony in ecosystems is significantly effective in increasing students' understanding of ecosystems.

The purpose of this research is to create e-module teaching materials with a discovery learning approach on the topic of oxidation-reduction reactions. These materials will be assessed for validity, practicality, and effectiveness in educational settings. This research uses the assurance development model which includes student character analysis, identification of learning objectives, selection of appropriate methods, media, and materials, utilization of media and materials in the learning process, active involvement of students, and evaluation phase. The e-module has successfully undergone a rigorous validation process conducted by a panel of validators and respected experts in the field. In addition, it has been thoroughly field tested to ensure that the resulting e-module is valid and effective, as well as practical in its application. The results showed that: 1) the assessment of media validity by media and material experts is included in the very valid category; 2) at the field trial stage involving 17 students of class X MIA 1 SMA Muhammadiyah Maumere, the class completeness rate was 81.3%. In addition, the electronic module (e-module) has been found to have a beneficial effect on student learning outcomes. Based on the descriptive analysis results, it can be concluded that the average student learning completeness rate is 87%. This indicates that e-modules used in an educational setting can be considered effective. The e-modules received positive responses from both students and teachers, indicating their practicality.

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the PAI integration learning model with identity elements (clean and healthy living) in group B students. The research used a qualitative approach with a case study research type. The research location was in ABA 7 Karangjati Kindergarten, Blora Regency, with 33 student informants and two teachers. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data validity test used a credibility test where this study used triangulation. Data analysis techniques used data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study showed that the application of PAI integration learning with identity elements (clean and healthy living) increased students' awareness of environmental cleanliness, both at school and at home. In addition, changing 90% of student behavior in terms of cleanliness, students have thrown garbage in its place, picked up scattered garbage, rearranged what has been used when playing, studying, and so on. They have a sense of responsibility for themselves and the surrounding space. In this activity, 20% of teachers or parents continue to remind their children to maintain cleanliness in order to live a clean and healthy life.

This research aims to analyze. (1) The influence of learning models on student learning outcomes. (2) The influence of social studies learning outcomes on students who have high interest and students who have low interest. (3) The interaction between the learning model and the level of interest influences student learning outcomes. This research is a quasi-experimental research (quasi-experiment). This population is class V students at SD Negeri 106827 Desa Durian. The sample in this study was selected using purposive random sampling from two classes. The experimental class was treated with the time token model, the control class was treated with the Talking Stick model. The instruments used consisted of: learning results tests and learning interest questionnaire sheets. Data analysis was carried out using two-way ANOVA.  The results of this research indicate that the time token learning model is a solution and alternative for teachers to improve students' social studies learning outcomes.  

The research aims to determine the effect of the ethnoscience approach through the problem-based learning model on the chemical literacy skills of Grade XI students in the reaction rate material at SMA Negeri 7 Gorontalo. The research employs a quasi experimental method with a nonequivalent control group design. The sample consisted of Grade XI IPA ( Natural Science) students from SMA Negeri 7 Gorontalo. The instrument used in this research was an essay test. Data processing and analysis were conducted using Microsoft Office Excel and SPSS version 16. The hypothesis test results on students’ post-test data using the Mann-Whitney test at a significance level of  α = 0.05  showed that the Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) value was less than 0.05 (0,002 < 0,05). Therefore, H1 was confirmed, and H0 was rejected. The N- Gain test results also indicated that the ethnoscience approach through the problem-based learning model  was moderately effective in improving students’ chemical literacy skills in reaction rate material, with the experimental class achieving an N-Gain score percentage of 57.13% (moderately effective category), while the control class achieved a percentage of 31.42% (ineffective category). In conclusion, the ethnoscience approach through the problem-based learning model significantly affects students’ chemical literacy skills in reaction rate material. 

This study conducts an exploratory data analysis combined with machine learning techniques to identify early signs of student depression. We investigated various factors affecting mental health among students, including sleep duration, dietary patterns, history of suicidal thoughts, family history of mental illness, and their relationships with depression across age groups and academic pressure. The study also examined the influence of gender on academic stress levels. Three machine learning models such as Random Forest, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) were utilized to predict depression. The performance of these models was evaluated, achieving accuracy rates of 84.97% for Random Forest, 84.85% for SVM, and 81.16% for KNN. The findings highlight the effectiveness of these models in predicting student depression and underscore the importance of targeted mental health interventions based on key factors influencing mental health among students.

The aim of this research is to determine the effect of using a guided inquiry learning approach on the development of critical thinking skills in sixth grade elementary school in Mathematics. This research uses a quantitative approach with the ex post facto method, namely the researcher does not control the variables, only takes data regarding the influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable. This research uses a quantitative approach and the analysis in this research uses descriptive and regression analysis. This research was motivated by teachers' difficulties in providing a good understanding of grade 6 elementary school mathematics learning material on the application of ratios in everyday life, namely scales. teachers' limited knowledge regarding the application of inquiry-based learning methods, as well as students' low critical thinking abilities in mathematics learning and their overall low academic achievement. The population in this study were 77 grade VI students at Wadungasri Elementary School, Waru District, Sidoarjo Regency, and a sample of 25 students was taken. Data collection techniques using questionnaires. Data processing techniques with validity testing using expert judgment techniques. Reliability test uses Alpha Cronbach. Analysis prerequisite tests are normality test and linearity test. The data analysis technique used is a simple regression test. Research results: the guided inquiry learning model has an effect on students' critical thinking skills by 1.673%.

This research was designed with the aim of examining in depth the motivation in increasing the teaching creativity of tutors at the ASIEQ Educare tutoring institution. This research used qualitative methods with a descriptive research model by describing objects as they are. The research results show that motivation in increasing the teaching creativity of tutors at the ASIEQ Educare tutoring institution can be said to be good. This can be seen from the system created by the institution so that it can bring out the enthusiasm or intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation that tutors have in teaching so that the tutor's creativity in teaching also increases. Apart from that, the model used by the ASIEQ Educare tutoring institution in motivating its tutors is to use a human resources model which focuses on providing feedback not only obtained through material but also immaterial things and meaningfulness in teaching as well as supporting motivation which can increase the teaching creativity of tutors in ASIEQ Educare tutoring agency. The strategies used by the ASIEQ Educare tutoring institution include; a) get to know all members of the ASIEQ Educare family well, b) assign tutors according to their respective interests and abilities, c) all members of the ASIEQ Educare family are considered work friends, d) activate regular discussions in order to carry out self-development with each other in the learning process.

Abstract. From the perspective of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), fluctuations in raw material prices are highly concerning as they can significantly impact business stability. While MSMEs may tolerate price fluctuations to some extent, from an industrial engineering perspective, such a passive approach contradicts the principles of continuous improvement. This study seeks to predict the price of large red chili peppers using five regression models implemented through Orange Data Mining: Linear Regression, Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN), and Gradient Boosting. Due to the limited availability of daily data, particularly within a daily timeframe, the study utilized weekly data spanning three years. The results of the Test and Score evaluation shows Gradient Boosting as the best-performing model, achieving a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 0.7%. However, the MAPE for predictions in January 2025 increased to 15.8%. This error is expected to decrease as more weekly data becomes available to mitigate the inaccuracies inherent in this model. Keywords: prediction, red chilli, regression, supervised learning , orange data mining. Abstrak. Dalam perspektif UMKM, fluktuasi harga bahan baku adalah suatu hal yang paling ditakuti karena berakibat pada ketahanan usaha yang menjadi tidak menentu. Pada suatu kondisi, fluktuasi harga dapat diterima para UMKM, namun dalam perspektif teknik industri, sikap UMKM tersebut tidak sesuai prinsip continuous improvement. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk memprediksi harga cabai merah besar dengan menggunakan 5 model regresi dibantu Orange Data Mining. Yaitu Linear Regression, Support Vector Machine, Tree, kNN, Gradient Boosting. Data yang diperlukan sebagian besar tidak tersedia, khususnya dalam kerangka waktu harian sehingga penelitian ini menggunakan data mingguan selama 3 tahun. Hasil Test and Score menunjukkan model Gradient Boost terpilih menjadi model terbaik dengan tingkat MAPE 0.7% namun MAPE pada tahap Prediction di bulan Januari 2025 menjadi 15.8%. Error tersebut akan berkurang ketika data mingguan sudah cukup banyak untuk menambal kesalahan yang dihasilkan model ini Kata kunci: prediksi, cabai merah, regression, supervised learning , orange data mining.

The Professional Strengthening Program for Teachers (P2K) implemented at SD Muhammadiyah 2 Maros aims to improve students' teaching skills through a practical approach. This classroom action research (CAR) focuses on the application of the STAD (Student Teams Achievement Divisions) cooperative learning model to improve the early reading skills of grade I students. The learning process is carried out in two cycles that include planning, implementing actions, observation, and reflection. The results of the study indicate that the use of letter card media is effective in increasing active student participation, learning interest, and student learning outcomes, as indicated by an increase in the average score from the first cycle to the second cycle. This study emphasizes the importance of innovation in learning strategies, especially through the use of simple interactive media, to overcome the challenges of student heterogeneity at the elementary school level.

The development of competent human resources (HR) is a top priority for improving the quality of life in society. In education, teachers' ability to enhance their skills is key to successful learning. However, many teachers struggle to adapt teaching methods to the demands of the digital era, especially in utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology. AI offers innovative solutions such as personalized learning and adaptive platforms that enhance the effectiveness of teaching and learning processes. This study examines the implementation of AI-based learning models and teacher training programs in Muhammadiyah schools in Semarang. Using the Training of Trainer (ToT) approach, the program equips teachers with skills such as using adaptive learning tools and AI-based evaluation systems. The study employs a mixed-methods approach involving practical training and result evaluation. The findings reveal improved digital literacy and confidence among teachers in using AI for interactive learning. In conclusion, AI has great potential to transform education, but its success depends on comprehensive, ethical, and sustainable strategies. The ToT program serves as a strategic step to empower teachers to face educational challenges in the digital era.

The following article has the following objectives: (1) to understand the meaning of role playing (2) the purpose of implementing role playing (3) the function and provisions in implementing the role playing model for elementary school students (4) the advantages and disadvantages of using role playing. In implementing role playing, there are quite good benefits for training and increasing creativity and understanding students' learning and mathematical concepts, especially at the elementary level. At that age, a strong understanding is needed because they are not yet able to think abstractly. Therefore, a method is needed that emphasizes the concept so that it is easier for students to learn mathematics. It is also necessary to make more efforts to emphasize understanding the concept so that students have a good enough basis for thinking to achieve other cognitive abilities.

This research aimed to examine the effect of the CERDAS learning model on student learning outcomes. The research employed a quasi-experimental method with a non-equivalent prest-posttest control group design. The sample consisted of students from class X Merdeka 3, serving as the experimental group, and class X Merdeka 1 as the control group. Both from SMA Negeri 7 Prasetya Gorontalo. These classes were selected using purposive sampling. The research instrument was an objective test. The results revealed a significant difference in the average scores between the experimental and control classes. Specifically, the average student learning outcome in the experimental group was 79,77, while in the control group, it was 67,27. Hypothesis testing using the t-tes yielded tcount value > ttable, indicated the tcount (2,99) was greater than the ttable value (2,01), which led to the rejection of H0 and confirmation of H1, Confirming that the CERDAS learning model had a significant effect on student learning outcomes. Additionally, the N-Gain test showed a moderate effect (0,68), indicating that the CERDAS learning model is fairly effective in improving student learning outcomes.

Courseware is an effective and important teaching and learning model, and it is at the core of the process of creating e-learning. The objective of this paper is to show effect of quality courseware on effective e-learning. A quantitative research approach by questionnaire has been utilized. A total 90 participants have been surveyed with the use of the questionnaire. This study shows that quality courseware was the most significant positive factor and more import e learning success.

This study aims to construct elementary school students understanding of the eclipse phenomenon through the integration of science and local wisdom. This case study explores the use of the Bancakan Gerhono tradition as a learning method to improve students conceptual understanding of the eclipse, as well as how this approach can strengthen culture based learning. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. The subjects of the study consisted of 6th grade elementary school students and science teachers at SDN Boja 01. Data validity techniques were carried out through triangulation of sources, methods, researchers, and theories. Data were analyzed using an interactive model from Miles, Huberman, and Saldana (2014) which includes the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions/verification. The results of the study showed that the integration of the Bancakan Gerhono tradition in science learning significantly improved students understanding of eclipses. Students were able to relate scientific concepts to their cultural context, making learning more meaningful and relevant. The acceptance of the integration of local wisdom in learning was very positive, both from students and teachers. This approach was also proven to be effective in increasing student engagement and strengthening their conceptual understanding. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of integrating local wisdom into the science curriculum to create holistic and contextual learning. this study also recommends further development regarding the application of local tradition sin various disciplines in elementary school.

The holistic learning model in the Muhammadiyah subject at SMK Muhammadiyah Ngawen was developed to answer the challenges of education that tends to prioritize cognitive aspects without paying attention to the integration of spiritual, emotional, and social values. This study uses a literature study method with a qualitative approach to analyze the concept, stages, and implementation of the holistic learning model. The results of the study indicate that this model is able to integrate cognitive, affective, and psychomotor dimensions through contextual, experiential, and reflective approaches that are relevant to students' needs. The learning stages include self-understanding, relationship development, contextual learning, direct experience, reflection, implementation, and continuous development. This model also emphasizes collaboration with the Muhammadiyah community, utilization of technology, and strengthening the role of teachers as learning facilitators. Through a holistic approach, students not only understand Muhammadiyah values ​​theoretically but are also able to apply them in everyday life, form an Islamic character with integrity, and become agents of positive change in society. This study makes an important contribution to the development of holistic education in Islamic-based schools.  

This research aims to identify and evaluate learning strategies at SDN Cibanjaran. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the study relied on in-depth interviews, observations and group discussions to explore criticisms and suggestions for learning methods. The findings show that effective learning strategies involve a differentiated approach, where materials and methods are tailored to students’ individual needs. Problem-based learning (PBL) and project-based learning (PJBL) models are considered to increase student relevance and motivation. However, the different characteristics of today’s students compared to those of the past pose new challenges, especially in the application of discipline, which must now be more humane. In addition, adjusting to the Merdeka Curriculum is crucial, where teachers are encouraged to continue learning through platforms such as PMM. This study concludes that learning strategies need to adapt to changing times, environments and student needs to create a meaningful learning process. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of inclusive and dynamic learning, and the role of teachers as innovative facilitators.  

Fraud in digital transactions has become a serious issue threatening the security and integrity of the fintech and e-commerce sectors. To address this problem, machine learning technology has emerged as an effective solution for automatically detecting anomalies and fraudulent transactions. This study aims to analyze the application of machine learning algorithms, specifically Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest, and Ensemble Learning, in detecting fraud in digital transactions. The research adopts a quantitative approach with experimentation, testing the effectiveness of the three algorithms using a digital transaction dataset consisting of both fraudulent and non-fraudulent transactions. The results show that the Random Forest algorithm performs the best in terms of accuracy and recall, followed by Ensemble Learning, which enhances fraud detection performance by combining multiple prediction models. Meanwhile, SVM demonstrates satisfactory performance but is prone to overfitting issues when handling large and complex datasets. The study also finds that the problem of imbalanced data can affect model accuracy, and data balancing techniques such as oversampling are required to improve fraud detection performance. Overall, the findings suggest that machine learning, particularly Random Forest and Ensemble Learning algorithms, can be relied upon to improve fraud detection in digital transactions. However, challenges such as model interpretability and the need for periodic algorithm updates still need to be addressed to enhance the effectiveness of fraud prevention systems in countering the ever-evolving nature of fraud.

Learning evaluation is an important part of the education process. In the context of Islamic Religious Education (PAI), evaluation is not only centered on the knowledge aspect, but also assesses the development of students' religious character. This study aims to examine the influence of learning evaluation on student learning outcomes at SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta, and to describe the learning strategies applied by educators in an effort to improve these results. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the study revealed that learning evaluation was carried out in various forms, such as daily assignments, mid-semester tests (PTS), and end-of-semester assessments (PAS). The strategies applied by teachers include providing role models, giving rewards, delivering moral messages, sharing inspiring experiences, and developing honest and polite behavior. Structured and integrated evaluation with this learning strategy has a meaningful impact on student learning outcomes, both in academic aspects and character development.

This research aims to develop audiovisual teaching materials based on Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) on Short Story Materials at SMA Negeri 14 Medan. The population of this study is class XI at SMA Negeri 14 Medan with a sample of 34 students. This research is a Research and Development (RnD) using the Borg and Gall model with stages 1) Potential and problems, 2) Data collection, 3) Product design, 4) Design validation, 5) Design revision, 6) Product trial, 7) Product revision, 8) Usage trial. After being carried out step by step, the validity test of the media of material experts is as many as 81% and media experts as many as 97% with the percentage results strongly agreeing to be used in the field (very feasible). Meanwhile, the assessment from students was 86.64% and Indonesian teachers were 96 with the category of suitable for use in the field.  This research produces teaching materials in the form of audiovisual (audio and video) based on Contextual Teaching and Learning on short story materials.