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The low interest and engagement of lower-grade primary school students in literature serve as an important introduction to this study. The aim of this Community Service Program (PKM) was to enhance children’s literary abilities through the use of three innovative media: word cards, short story videos, and descriptive texts. The study employed an experimental method with a pretest–posttest control group design and a Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach based on Kemmis & McTaggart (1988), carried out among grades I–III students at SD Katolik Roworeke 2, Ende (approximately 25–30 students per class). Results showed a statistically significant improvement in the experimental group compared to the control group, especially in literary element comprehension and literary appreciation. Word cards enriched vocabulary, story videos increased visual appeal and understanding, while descriptive texts trained literacy and imagination skills. The interactive and contextual learning process proved effective in fostering reading interest, teacher creativity, and students’ literacy enthusiasm. In conclusion, this method is recommended for adoption by Indonesian Language and Literature teachers in lower grades. Future research should expand sample size, include diverse literary works, and explore supporting factors influencing method effectiveness.

This study aims to improve the quality of learning at SD Negeri 060915, Medan Sunggal District, through the implementation of a participatory learning approach using Participatory Action Research (PAR). The background of the study is based on the low level of student engagement in classroom activities and the teacher’s reliance on traditional lecture methods, which hinder active student participation. This classroom action research was carried out in two cycles, each consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection stages. Data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and formative assessments. The results showed that the participatory learning approach had a positive impact on increasing student engagement, collaboration in group work, and academic performance, as indicated by an increase in the average student score from 66.4 in the first cycle to 77.2 in the second cycle. Teachers also improved their role as facilitators, and the classroom environment became more interactive and student-centered. The study concludes that the participatory approach is effective in creating an active, collaborative, and meaningful learning environment in elementary education.

This study aims to explore the effectiveness of the demonstration method in improving the ablution skills of early childhood. The study was conducted at TK Negeri Pembina Baubau with a Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach consisting of two cycles. The subjects of the study were 20 early childhood students who were students at the institution. The demonstration method was used to provide direct examples of the correct stages of ablution, with the hope that children could imitate them correctly. The results of the study showed a significant increase in both ablution practice skills and children's enthusiasm during the learning process. In the second cycle, the majority of children were able to perform ablution independently with the correct sequence and movements. In addition, the learning atmosphere became more active and enjoyable. Thus, it can be concluded that the demonstration method is effective in creating a positive learning experience and is able to optimally improve the ablution skills of early childhood.

This study aims to explore the effectiveness of the demonstration method in improving the ablution skills of early childhood. The study was conducted at TK Negeri Pembina Baubau with a Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach consisting of two cycles. The subjects of the study were 20 early childhood students who were students at the institution. The demonstration method was used to provide direct examples of the correct stages of ablution, with the hope that children could imitate them correctly. The results of the study showed a significant increase in both ablution practice skills and children's enthusiasm during the learning process. In the second cycle, the majority of children were able to perform ablution independently with the correct sequence and movements. In addition, the learning atmosphere became more active and enjoyable. Thus, it can be concluded that the demonstration method is effective in creating a positive learning experience and is able to optimally improve the ablution skills of early childhood.

This study aims to improve students' learning outcomes in Social Sciences (IPS) through the implementation of the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) learning model. The background of this study is based on the low learning outcomes of IPS in class VII of SMP Negeri 3 Jakarta, as well as the lack of variations in innovative learning models. The study used the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method of the Kemmis and McTaggart model which was carried out in two cycles. Each cycle includes the stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of the study were 36 class VII-B students. Data collection techniques used learning outcome tests, observations, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study showed a significant increase in student learning outcomes. In the first cycle, the percentage of students who achieved the Minimum Completion Criteria (KKM) was 77.77%, increasing to 91.6% in the second cycle. In addition, student activity in learning activities also increased. These results prove that the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) learning model is able to integrate social studies concepts with real situations, thus facilitating students' understanding and improving the quality of learning.    

Mathematics learning in elementary schools still faces several challenges, including low student motivation and critical thinking skills. One innovative solution is the implementation of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of PBL in improving elementary students’ conceptual understanding and critical thinking in mathematics. This research employed a Classroom Action Research (CAR) method conducted in two cycles involving fifth-grade students at [School Name] Elementary School. Data were collected through observations, tests, interviews, and documentation. The results show that the implementation of the PBL model increased student engagement, problem-solving ability, and the average score of conceptual understanding in mathematics. Therefore, PBL is proven to be effective in fostering meaningful learning and promoting higher-order thinking skills. It is recommended that elementary mathematics teachers integrate PBL as a student-centered learning approach.

This study aims to determine: (1) the application of audio video learning media for disc brake systems can increase students' interest in learning the subject of motorcycle disc brake systems in class XI of SMK Ma'arif Nu 1 Bener Purworejo. (2) increasing students' interest in learning after the application of audio video learning media for motorcycle disc brake systems in class XI of SMK Ma'arif Nu 1 Bener Purworejo. The research method used in this study is the research design using Classroom Action Research (Research with action). The subjects of this study were students of class XI TSM SMK Ma'arif NU 1 Bener in the 2024-2025 academic year consisting of 31 students. The data collection techniques used were Documentation of evidence of learning implementation and Questionnaires (Questions). The technique used to analyze the data in this study was a quantitative technique. Based on the results of the study, it can be seen that during the classroom action research, there was a significant increase in each cycle, previously in the pre-cycle stage, students' interest in learning only reached 60% and increased to 70.97% in cycle I, an average of 75.42 was obtained and entered the category "less" in cycle II, there was an increase with a percentage of 81% with an average of 80 and entered the category "good". This can be interpreted that the application of audio video learning media can increase interest in learning and is said to be successful by seeing the number of students who are more proactive in helping teachers prepare learning, such as helping to install LCD projectors and erasing the board. For the study itself, cycle II was used, because by using cycle II, it has been observed how high the interest in learning of class XI TBSM students is.

Abstract. This research aims to improve the reading skills of second-grade students at SDN Baturetno 1 through the use of picture word cards. The methodology applied is known as Classroom Action Research (PTK), which is carried out over two cycles. The participants in this study consisted of seven second-grade students from SDN Baturetno 1. The date of the research is November 5, 2024. Data collection methods include pre-survey, reading ability assessment, pre-test, and post-test. The research findings show that the integration of picture word cards significantly improves students' reading skills. In the first cycle, the learning completeness rate was 60.14%, which increased to 80.43% in the second cycle, which showed an increase of 20.29%. In short, the use of picture word cards has been proven to be effective in improving the reading proficiency of second-grade students at SDN Baturetno 1.

In the learning process, teachers have not employed a variety of instructional models that align with the diverse learning styles of the students, resulting in a diminished interest in learning among the participants. Accordingly, it is anticipated that this study will enable teachers to engage students more effectively in the learning process, thereby cultivating a greater interest in learning. The objective of this research is to enhance the learning outcomes of students on the subject of Plant Growth and Development by implementing the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model at SMA Kristen Tumou Tou Girian Bitung. This study is a qualitative descriptive research. Data collection techniques include questionnaires, interviews, and document analysis. The research design employed is Classroom Action Research (CAR). The subjects of the study are 20 students from class XIA who experienced the implementation of the Problem Based Learning model. Data were gathered using both tests and observations. Classically, the students’ learning outcomes improved from 70% in cycle I to 100% in cycle II. Consequently, it can be concluded that the application of the Problem Based Learning method has enhanced the learning outcomes of the students in class XIA of the specialized program at SMA Kristen Tumou Tou Girian Bitung.  

This research aims to find out how the application of audio video learning media for disc brake systems can increase students' interest in learning about the subject of disc brake systems in class XI TSM SMK Ma'arif NU 1 Bener. To find out how interested students are in learning after implementing audio video learning media for motorbike disc brake systems. The research method used is classroom action research. The results of this research in cycle I show that there is still a lack of student interest in learning, this is shown by the results of distributing questionnaires conducted by researchers which show the score in cycle I is 2262 with a percentage of 70% and in cycle I there is an increase, namely getting a total score of 2399 with a percentage of 80 %.    

Vocational high schools (SMK) play an important role in preparing students for the world of work. However, student learning outcomes in the subject of Electrical Lighting Installation at SMK Negeri 5 Kota Padang are still relatively low, with an average pretest score of 57.34. This study aims to test the effectiveness of the Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) cooperative learning model in improving student learning outcomes. The research method used was classroom action research with 32 students from class XI TITL as subjects. Data were collected through pre-tests, post-tests, and observations of student activities during learning. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of STAD successfully improved student learning outcomes significantly, with an average post-test score of 82.19 and an N-Gain Score of 0.58 (moderate category). Academic achievement also increased from 15.6% to 75%. Further analysis revealed that collaborative interactions within groups, the reward system, and active student participation were key factors contributing to the success of this method. However, challenges such as time management and low student engagement require attention. It is concluded that the STAD model is effective in improving students' learning outcomes in the subject of Electrical Lighting Installation, both in terms of cognitive aspects and social skills. Therefore, it is recommended that teachers implement STAD with proper syntax and consider developing supporting media such as digital simulations to optimize the learning process.

This study was motivated by the low learning outcomes of students in Physics subjects in class XII MIPA 7 at SMAN 1 Cikalongwetan, where most students had not reached the minimum mastery criteria. The purpose of this research was to improve student learning outcomes through the implementation of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model. The study employed a Classroom Action Research (CAR) method conducted in two cycles, each consisting of two meetings. Each cycle included planning, action, observation, and reflection stages. Data were collected through observations and written tests. The results showed an improvement in student learning outcomes after the implementation of the PBL model, as indicated by the increased number of students achieving scores above the minimum standard and a higher percentage of overall mastery. These findings suggest that the Problem-Based Learning model can be an effective solution to enhance student achievement in Physics. The implication of this study emphasizes the importance of the teacher’s role in designing student-centered learning and facilitating critical thinking and problem-solving skills.

This study aims to improve student learning outcomes in Mathematics, especially simple fractions, through the application of the Problem Based Learning learning model. The background of this study is based on the need for an effective learning approach and encourage active student participation in learning simple fractions. The Problem Based Learning learning model is one of the learning approaches used to improve learning outcomes in Mathematics. This study applies the Problem Based Learning learning model to grade III students at SDN 001 Barong Tongkok in the 2024/2025 academic year. The study method used in this study is Classroom Action Research. Classroom action studies are applied through two cycles. Each cycle consists of four processes that are applied sequentially, namely planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The class that is the subject of this study is grade I students with a total of 21 people. In the initial conditions, the average student score was 62.25. After implementing the first cycle, where the teacher applied the learning practice, the results obtained were that in cycle I, the average class score increased to 67.25, and in cycle II, the average score increased to 77.75. Through the action study applied through two cycles, a significant increase was obtained. Thus, it can be concluded that the Problem Based Learning learning model is effective in improving Mathematics learning outcomes in simple fractions in class III at SDN 001 Barong Tongkok

This study aims to improve students’ interest in learning in the subject of Islamic Cultural History (SKI) in class VII B MTsN 4 Karawang through the application of the Relay method. The main problem found is the low interest in learning of students, which causes them to tend to be passive and do not understand the material. By using the Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach carried out in two cycles, this method aims to create a more active and enjoyable learning atmosphere. Students are divided into several groups and take turns answering questions, so that all students are involved and motivated. The results of the study showed a significant increase in interest in learning between the first and second cycles. In the first cycle, the average student interest in learning was at 67.5%, and increased to 88.75% in the second cycle. This proves that the application of the Relay Method is effective in increasing enthusiasm, cooperation, sense of responsibility, and student activity during learning.

Many teachers complain about the low learning outcomes of students in Mathematics lessons. This situation also occurred in grade IV at SDN Megamendung 01 related to learning the number of thousands. One of the causes of the lack of learning achievement is the lack of students' understanding of the number of thousands. As professional educators, teachers must be able to hold an active, creative, and fun learning process for students. Thus, it is hoped that it can encourage the improvement of student activities and learning outcomes through appropriate methods. This research was carried out at SDN Megamendung 01 Megamendung District, Bogor Regency from March to May 2025 in two cycles, involving 17 students, consisting of 8 boys and 9 girls. This research provides benefits both theoretically and practically for students, teachers, and related educational institutions. The order of learning improvement actions in the form of learning thousands of numbers from: (1) sorting numbers from small to large, (2) sorting the largest to the smallest using the number card tool in the teaching of Mathematics Class IV. The findings of the study show that there is an increase in student learning achievement through improving the learning process until the second cycle by applying the Tike And Give Learning Model. Learning achievement can be seen from the increase in final grades from the beginning of cycle I to cycle II. Where the average test score in the pre-cycle increased from 50.59 to 61.48 in the first cycle and to 80 in the second cycle. Therefore, it is hoped that teachers can improve their ability to manage the classroom and have an appropriate learning model to increase student participation and learning outcomes.

This research aims to improve the writing skills of elementary school students through the application of mind mapping techniques. The background of this research is based on the low writing ability of students, especially in developing ideas and composing coherent and coherent paragraphs. This study uses the Classroom Action Research (PTK) method which is carried out in two cycles in grade V of elementary school. Each cycle consists of planning, implementation of actions, observation, and reflection. Data collection techniques are carried out through essay writing tests, observation of student activities, and documentation of student work. The results of the study show that the mind mapping technique can help students in systematically compiling ideas before writing, making it easier for them to develop their essays. In the first cycle, only 48% of students achieved the Minimum Completeness Criteria (KKM). After improvements were made in cycle II, completeness increased to 84%. In addition to the increase in writing results, there is also an increase in motivation and active participation of students in the writing learning process. In conclusion, mind mapping techniques have proven to be effective in improving the writing skills of elementary school students. This strategy can be used as an alternative in learning Indonesian to create a more creative, structured, and fun learning atmosphere.

The aim of this research is to determine how effective role-playing is in improving students' understanding of noble moral values in the subject of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) at SMAN 6 Karawang. The background of this research is the importance of internalizing noble morals among students, which requires an active and contextual learning approach. This qualitative approach uses a classroom action research design (CAR). A total of thirty students from class XI-I are the subjects of the study. Observation, tests, and documentation are the data collection methods. The results of the study show that using role-playing methods can enhance students' understanding of moral values such as honesty, trustworthiness, humility, and keeping promises. This is evidenced by the increase in the average scores of students in each cycle, as well as the increase in student participation and positive attitudes during the learning process. Therefore, role playing has proven to be an effective learning approach in teaching noble moral values in Islamic secondary schools.

Student learning outcomes in Social Studies (IPS) at Class 7H MTsN 1 Kota Kediri were initially low, due to the use of less interactive lecture methods. This led to low student motivation and difficulty in understanding the material. This study aims to improve students' learning outcomes in Social Studies through the application of the cooperative learning model Teams Games Tournament (TGT). The research employed Classroom Action Research (CAR) using the Kemmis and McTaggart model conducted in two cycles. The subjects were 33 students of Class 7H. Data collection techniques included tests, observation, and questionnaires. The results showed an improvement in student learning outcomes across each cycle. The average score increased from 64.84 in the pre-cycle to 79.24 in cycle I, and reached 94.27 in cycle II. The percentage of mastery learning also improved from 3.03% to 81.82%, and finally reached 100%. Therefore, the TGT learning model proved to be effective in improving students’ learning outcomes in Social Studies.

This study aims to improve student learning outcomes through the application of inquiry learning models in Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) subjects in class IV MIS An-Nizham Jambi City. The background of this study is based on the low involvement and understanding of students in the IPAS material, as well as the dominance of the lecture method used by teachers in the learning process. This study is a classroom action research (PTK), data was collected through (1) Teacher observation sheets, (2) Student observation sheets, (3) Student learning outcome test questions. Data analysis in this study used the percentage formula. Data analysis in this study used the percentage formula. The increase in student learning outcomes in IPAS learning in cycle I has not reached the Minimum Completion Criteria value that has been set at MIS An-Nizham Jambi City with a percentage value of 74.4% (good category), while when applying the inquiry learning model to Natural and Social Sciences learning in cycle II showed that 25 students with a percentage value of 91.15% were in the very good category and had reached the KKM but 2 more students had not reached the KKM. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that by implementing the inquiry learning model, it can increase teacher and student activities, and can improve student learning outcomes, in Natural and Social Sciences lessons in class IV MIS An-Nizham, Jambi City

This study aims to improve the understanding of grade VII students of MTsN 3 Karawang on the material of dhikr and prayer through the application of the Giving Question and Getting Answer method in the Fiqh subject. Based on the results of initial observations, it was found that only 12% of students were complete in understanding the material of dhikr and prayer. This study uses the Classroom Action Research (CAR) model with the Kemmis & McTaggart approach consisting of two cycles. Each cycle includes the planning stage, action implementation, observation, and reflection. The instruments used were multiple choice tests and observations. The results of the study showed a significant increase in student understanding, namely from 12% in the pre-cycle to 54% in cycle I, and reaching 81% in cycle II. Thus, it can be concluded that the application of the Giving Question and Getting Answer method is effective in improving students' understanding of the material of dhikr and prayer.