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Muhammad Tohir Hidayat; Mukmin Suryatni; Zainal Abidin

Jurnal Manuhara : Pusat Penelitian Ilmu Manajemen dan Bisnis 2023 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Manajemen Kewirausahaan dan Bisnis Indonesia

The office of the Ministry of Religion in West Lombok district, totaling 90 people The number of samples used in this study was 90, using the census method. The data collection technique used was a questionnaire in the form of a questionnaire containing questions about work motivation, organizational culture, and competence. The analysis tool used is multiple linear regression analysis using the SPSS 22 for Windows program. The results of the data analysis show that (1) work motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee competence, and (2) organizational culture has a positive and significant effect on employee competence.

Iwanda Sekar Wisesa; Indah Listyani; Zulfia Rahmawati

Maeswara : Jurnal Riset Ilmu Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan 2023 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Manajemen Kewirausahaan dan Bisnis Indonesia

The world of the food and beverage industry is developing very rapidly. In Indonesia, this is characterized by the variety of culinary delights available with regional and modern flavors. "The rapid development of culinary arts in Indonesia means that entrepreneurs have to think hard to remain creative in order to be able to fight new, innovative competitors. The current phenomenon means that old entrepreneurs must have new innovations to be able to maintain their business. Because it is known that many young entrepreneurs have created food and beverage products that offer delicious flavors at economical prices. This kind of competition is difficult to avoid. This research examines menu diversity, service quality and prices at Hakui Coffee Tulungagung. These three interrelated variables seem interesting if used as research objects. The type of research used by researchers is descriptive quantitative. The analysis techniques used are validity test instruments, reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple regression tests, t tests, F tests, coefficient of determination tests. The results of this research show that the first hypothesis proposed states that menu diversity has a significant effect on buying interest. Partially, according to the t test of 2.986 with a significance level of 0.060 > 0.05, H1 is accepted and H0 is rejected, where the research results show that diversity The menu has a significant effect on buying interest as evidenced by the results obtained in the form of a correlation coefficient of 0.231 and a partial significance test which produces a t-count of 2.096.

Dominggus Umbu Dingu; Elisabeth Dethan; Prihadi Kristiyan; Petrus Kefas Loka

Tri Tunggal: Jurnal Pendidikan Kristen dan Katolik 2023 Asosiasi Riset Pendidikan Agama dan Filsafat Indonesia

In the research, the author found several things that happened, including: how the role of the Religious Education Teacher as a leader in terms of the Heidelberg Catechism week 12 affects students' interest in learning. And how big is Teacher Pak as a Leader in terms of the Heidelberg Catechism week 12 towards students' interest in learning? The aim is to find out the role of Teachers as Leadership in terms of the Heidelberg Catechism week 12 towards students' interest in learning, to find out how big the role of Teachers as Leadership is as a leader. Leadership is reviewed from the 12th week of the Heidelberg Catechism on students' learning interest. PAK Teacher Leadership is a teacher who fears God, understands the truth of God's word, teaches based on God's word, carries out his duties and responsibilities as a teacher, leader and becomes an example for his students. Meanwhile, students' interest in learning is a desire within a person and a desire from outside that can foster a person's interest in learning. Based on the research results, it shows that the role of Religious Education Teachers as a leadership role is very important in increasing students' interest in learning and the level of Religious Education Teachers' role as leadership towards students' interest in learning.               

Robingun Suyud El Syam

Jurnal Sadewa : Publikasi Ilmu Pendidikan, Pembelajaran dan Ilmu Sosial 2023 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Pendidikan Indonesia

Khatmil Qur'an is a culture in various Islamic boarding schools that study the Qur'an, but the agenda of each pesantren is different in line with the tradition of the pesantren. Interestingly at the Al-Asy'ariyyah Islamic boarding school, there is a cultural carnival that presents various cultural attributes from various regions in Indonesia. So this article aims to find answers to the big question, "how is Islamic education based on religious moderation through expressions of cultural carnivals on the haflah khatmil Qur'an agenda at the Al-Asya'ariyyah Islamic Boarding School, Wonosobo". Through field research it was found that the cultural carnival at the al-Asy'ariyyah Islamic boarding school was used as a strategy for the pesantren to provide education to the community, that cultural essences needed to be preserved because they conflicted with religion. The fact that the Koran actually instructed the Prophet Muhammad to teach Islam in a gentle and tolerant way. Thus, the expression of cultural carnivals in Islamic boarding schools is the maturity of the scholars in presenting the Qur'an and hadith as part of the embodiment of religious moderation-based education.    

Robingun Suyud El Syam

Jurnal Sadewa : Publikasi Ilmu Pendidikan, Pembelajaran dan Ilmu Sosial 2023 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Pendidikan Indonesia

Khatmil Qur'an is a culture in various Islamic boarding schools that study the Qur'an, but the agenda of each pesantren is different in line with the tradition of the pesantren. Interestingly at the Al-Asy'ariyyah Islamic boarding school, there is a cultural carnival that presents various cultural attributes from various regions in Indonesia. So this article aims to find answers to the big question, "how is Islamic education based on religious moderation through expressions of cultural carnivals on the haflah khatmil Qur'an agenda at the Al-Asya'ariyyah Islamic Boarding School, Wonosobo". Through field research it was found that the cultural carnival at the al-Asy'ariyyah Islamic boarding school was used as a strategy for the pesantren to provide education to the community, that cultural essences needed to be preserved because they conflicted with religion. The fact that the Koran actually instructed the Prophet Muhammad to teach Islam in a gentle and tolerant way. Thus, the expression of cultural carnivals in Islamic boarding schools is the maturity of the scholars in presenting the Qur'an and hadith as part of the embodiment of religious moderation-based education.    

Robingun Suyud El Syam; M. Yusuf. AN

Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Bahasa dan Pendidikan 2023 Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

  All forms of violence and crime, including intolerance, bullying and sexual violence, are not appropriate in an educational setting. So it is necessary to take concrete steps from the school to eradicate these three behaviors from the educational environment. Through a phenomenological approach to the declaration of the three grave sins of education, the results of the study reveal: that religious moderation can be a solution to overcoming the three great sins of education: intolerance, bullying, and sexual violence. By making religious moderation an educational strategy in schools, these three grave sins can be prevented and removed from the educational environment. This research contributes to the development of the school curriculum, especially the cognitive development of adolescents as well as the prevention and treatment that must be carried out.

Agatha Harfi Christantia; FX. Sugiyana; Andarweni Astuti

Jurnal Pendidikan Agama dan Teologi 2023 International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Low learning results as a result of the school system's inefficiency and slowness. It seems like grade II students at SD Kanisius Tlogosari Kulon still have a low feeling of responsibility. Many of them are still tardy to class and afraid to ask questions, which causes them to not understand the lessons that are being taught.  The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of the jigsaw technique and module-assisted learning on students' learning outcomes for PAK learning. Experimental quantitative research is the name for this kind of study. One group pretest and posttest study design is employed. Tests and questionnaires are used as data collection strategies. In this study, descriptive statistical analysis was used for data analysis. 91.77 is the average score for student responsibility, according to data analysis. The average pre-test score was 59.23, and the average post-test score was 88.85. The N-Gain Test classifies the coefficient of determination R2 at 0.783 = 78.3% as high. Using an independent sample t test, test your hypotheses. In the statistical analysis of the responsibility questionnaire, the Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.000 = 0% <0.05%. From these data, it can be concluded that the use of the jigsaw method assisted by modules is considered effective in learning Catholic Religious Education (PAK) in class II of Kanisius Tlogosari Elementary School.

Muh, Bukhari

RISOMA : Jurnal Riset Sosial Humaniora dan Pendidikan 2023 Asosiasi Ilmuwan Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Humaniora Indonesia

Implementasi Pelajaran Bahasa Arab dalam Pembiasaan Bacaan Al-Qur’an SMP Darussalam Koposari Cileungsi Kita sebagai umat islam dituntut untuk selalu membaca dan mempelajari al-qur’an sesuai dengan SK yang telah dikeluarkan oleh mentri Agama RI yang mengharuskan setiap orang islam untuk selalu meningkatkan kemampuan dan minat yang tinggi dalam Membaca Al-Qur’annya. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut,maka pada saat ini banyak lembaga-lembaga pengkaji Al-Qur’an mencetus atau membuat metode yang bermacam-macam,salah satunya dengan mngaitkan pelajaran bacaan Bahasa Arab pada pembiasaan bacaan Al-Qur’an. Pembelajaran bahasa arab menjadi salah satu implementasi dalam Pembiasaan Bacaan Al-Qur’an. Dengan adanya pembiasaan bacaan al-qur’an melalui pelajaran bahasa Arab ini akan meningkatkan minat baca dan belajar memperbaiki bacaan al-qur’an,baik tajwid,makhorijul huruf,dan lain-lain. Tujuan penelitan ini adalah untuk memperoleh deskripsi tentang implementasi pelajaran bahasa Arab dalam pembiasaan bacaan al-qur’an di SMP Darussalam Koposari-Cileungsi, sedangkan metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini penelitian deskriptif   yang mampu menjelaskan pembahasan yang akan dikaji. Hasil dari penelitian ini bahasa arab menjadi salah satu bahasa yang memiliki peran penting dalam bacaan al-qur’an. Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah masih banyaknya anak yang kurang fokus dan kurang bersemangat dalam mengimplementasikan program pembiasaan dalam pembelajaran membaca Al-qur’an serta kurang memperhatikan dan mengimplementasikan program pembiasaan dalam pembelajaran membaca Alquran baik di sekolah ataupun di rumah. Dengan demikian, dalam implementasinya pelajaran bahasa arab khususnya dalam pembacaan al-qur’an ini mampu meningkatkan minat baca,keterampilan dan fasohat siswa dalam bacaan al-qur’an baik pembiasaan di sekolah,rumah dan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.

Monica Anastasia Magdalena Rajagukguk; Masniar H. Sitorus; Robinhot Sihombing; Goklas J. Manalu; Frainskoy Rio Naibaho

jurnal Riset Rumpun Agama dan Filsafat 2023 Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

This study aims to determine the positive and significant influence of effective communication by Christian Religious Education and Character Education teachers on the learning motivation of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 4 Tarutung for the 2023/2024 academic year. The hypothesis of the study is there is a positive and significant influence of effective communication by Christian Religious Education and Character Education teachers on the learning motivation of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 4 Tarutung for the 2023/2024 academic year. The method that used in this study is an inferential quantitative method. The population is all 123 students of class VIII of SMP Negeri 4 Tarutung for the 2023/2024 academic year who are Protestant Christians and samples are determined 40% of the total population as many as 50 people by using random sampling techniques. The study instrument is a closed questionnaire with 39 items, namely 22 items for variable X and 17 items for variable Y. The results of data analysis obtained: a) Testing a positive relation (Product Moment Pearson) obtained a value of rcount = 0.413> rtable (a = 0.05, n = 50) = 0.297. b) Testing a significant relation (t-test) obtained a value of tcount= 3.141>ttable (a=0.05, df=n-2=48)= 2.000. c) Obtain the degree of influence with the regression equation Ŷ= 18,33 + 0,46X. d) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount= 9.823>Ftable (a=0.05, df numerator k-1=1, df denominator=n-2=50-2=48) =4.00. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected. The study concluded that there was a positive and significant influence of effective communication by Christian Religious Education and Character Education teachers on the learning motivation of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 4 Tarutung for the 2023/2024 academic year.  

Yuli Setiawani Sipahutar; Risde Anakampun; Ronny Simatupang; Andar G Pasaribu; Megawati Manullang

jurnal Riset Rumpun Agama dan Filsafat 2023 Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

The aim of this research is to determine the influence of the Student Teams-Achiement Division (STAD) type model by Christian Religious Education teachers on the learning motivation of class IX students at SMP Negeri 1 Ronggurnihuta Kab. Samosir TA. 2023/2024. The research method used is a quantitative method with a descriptive approach. The population was all 102 class IX students at SMP Negeri 1 Ronggurnihuta and a sample of 41 people was determined using random sampling techniques. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 41 items, namely 24 items for variable motivating the learning of class IX students at SMP Negeri 1 Ronggurnihuta Kab. Samosir TA. 2023/2024: 1) Test analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test obtained by rxy = 0.459 > ​​rtable(a=0.05,n=41) = 0.308. b) Testing a significant relationship obtained a value of tcount= 3.226 > ttable(a=0.05,dk=n-2=39)= 2.021. 2) Test the effect: a) Test the regression equation, obtained the regression equation Y ̂="34.20"+0.25X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 21.1%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(a=0.05, dk numerator k=23, dk denominator=n-2=41-2=39) namely 10.36 > 1.51. Thus Ha is accepted, namely that there is a positive and significant influence of the Student Teams-Achiement Division (STAD) type learning model by Christian Religious Education teachers on the learning motivation of class IX students at SMP Negeri 1 Ronggurnihuta Kab. Samosir TA. 2023/2024 and H0 can be rejected.

Tio Kartika Sembiring; Eben H. Telaumbanua; Andar Gunawan Pasaribu; Raikhapoor Raikhapoor; Andrianus Nababan

jurnal Riset Rumpun Agama dan Filsafat 2023 Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

The research aims to determine the positive and significant influence of the talking stick learning model on the active learning of PAK class VIII students at SMP Negeri 3 Lintongnihuta for the 2023/2024 academic year. The research hypothesis is that there is a positive and significant influence between the talking stick learning model on the active learning of PAK students in class VIII of SMP Negeri 3 Lintongnihuta for the 2023/2024 academic year. This research is a regression research using Descriptive Statistics techniques. The population of all class VIII students at SMP Negeri 3 Lintongnihuta for the 2023/2024 academic year who are Protestant Christians is 177 people. Random sampling (random sampling) is 30% of the total population, namely 55 people. The research instrument is a closed questionnaire. The results of the analysis requirements obtained the value rxy=0.554>rtabel=0.226 and tcount=4.845>ttable=2.000 showing that there is a relationship between the talking stick learning model and the learning activeness of PAK class VIII students at SMP Negeri 3 Lintongnihuta for the 2023/2024 academic year and obtained the regression equation. Hypothesis testing obtained Fcount=23.502>Ftable=1.39 so H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. The research concluded that there was a positive and significant influence of the talking stick learning model on the learning activeness of PAK class VIII students at SMP Negeri 3 Lintongnihuta for the 2023/2024 academic year, amounting to 30.69%.

Mardiah Astuti; Herlina Herlina; Ibrahim Ibrahim; Agus Agus; Habibatul Inayah +1 more

jurnal Riset Rumpun Agama dan Filsafat 2023 Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

This research is entitled Islamic Religious Education as a means of forming the Qur'anic generation in Ma'had Al-Jami'ah. The aim of this research is to find out the function of Islamic religious education in creating a Qur'anic generation. The results obtained are that there are many activities carried out at Ma'had Al-Jami'ah to form the Qur'ani generation. These activities are to provide a deep understanding of Islamic teachings and be able to apply them in everyday life. Especially in the context of Muslims, Islamic religious education plays a very important role in shaping the morals and values ​​of the younger generation. In an effort to produce quality generations of Al-Qur'an, it will also study Al-Qur'an memorization, Al-Qur'an understanding, application of Al-Qur'an ideals, and integration of Islamic religious education with general education.

Juwita Kadang; Wati Wati; Risda Risda; Astriani Tando; Yegi Pabua +1 more

Jurnal Pendidikan Agama dan Teologi 2023 International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Parents must play an important role in Christian Religion education, the first and foremost educational environment for a child, namely in the family. The method used in this study is the Systemic Literature Review Method, namely by finding facts with fixed interpretations. The results of the study show that the Role of Christian Parents in Religious Education: The Perspective of Church Leaders and Educators is as follows. The Perspective of Church Leaders: Church leaders believe that parents have a central role in teaching religion to their children. For example Models of Faith, Prayer and Family Service, Bible Education, Participation in the Church while from the perspective of educators it consists of Learning Support, Open Communication, Religious Experience

Iqbal Fernandez; Jonathan Martin

Jurnal Budi Pekerti Agama Buddha 2023 Asosiasi Riset Pendidikan Agama dan Filsafat Indonesia

Linked to religion, religious youth, in this case Buddhist youth in Temanggung Regency, seem to be trying to actualize the urge to organize into the experience of religious values ​​and humility. This organization was founded on April 10 2016. They call themselves the Temanggung-Kendal-Semarang Buddhist Youth. The Buddhist youth of Temanggung is an inseparable part of the younger generation in Indonesia in general. The younger generation is currently developing themselves as well as a potential resource for progress for the nation and state which is embodied by motivation, morality and spiritual religious values.  

Cahya Kusuma; Doni Putra

Jurnal Budi Pekerti Agama Buddha 2023 Asosiasi Riset Pendidikan Agama dan Filsafat Indonesia

According to Permendiknas No. 58 of 2009 early childhood education is a form of education that focuses on laying the foundation for growth and 5 developments, namely: moral and religious development, physical development (fine and gross motor coordination), intelligence/cognitive (thinking power, creativity) ), socio-emotional (attitudes and emotions and communication, in accordance with the uniqueness and stages of development according to the age group passed by early childhood). In the law of the Republic of Indonesia no. 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System, especially the seventh part of the article 28 paragraph 1) Early Childhood Education is held before Basic Education and paragraph 2) Early Childhood Education can be provided through formal, non-formal and/or informal education. From the provisions of the law of the Republic of Indonesia or the provisions of the Minister of National Education that Early Childhood Education is important.

Taufik usman; Sam’un Mukraimin; Fatimah Azis

Jurnal Pendidikan, Bahasa dan Budaya 2023 Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Islam Nusantara is a model of thought, understanding and practice of Islamic teachings packaged through considerations of culture or traditions that developed in the Southeast Asian region (but this study is limited to Indonesia), thus reflecting a methodological nuanced Islamic identity. When this identity was disseminated among Muslims, especially its thinkers, it was responded with controversial responses: some rejected the Islamic Nusantara identity because there was only one Islam, namely Islam taught by the Prophet. On the other hand, many Islamic thinkers who accept Islamic identity cannot be separated from that, Islam Nusantara is a part of acculturation as a carrier of Islamic teachings through the acculturation of existing cultures so that Islam Nusantara is present, none other than to broadcast the Islamic religion through peace between culture and religion.

Soewandi, Adinda

WISSEN : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora 2023 Asosiasi Peneliti Dan Pengajar Ilmu Sosial Indonesia

Abstract The poem "Sergius Mencari Bacchus" by Norman Erikson Pasaribu which is the object of this research aims to describe things related to (1) the physical and mental structure of the poem "Sergius Mencari Bacchus", (2) aspects of Christian religiosity in the poem "Sergius Mencari Bacchus”. The data collection technique was based on the form of a part of one of the poems in the poetry anthology book "Sergius Mencari Bacchus". The analysis technique used is in the form of analysis and interpretation of the data which is the subject of the study, as well as the emphasis on analyzing the religious values ​​contained therein. The results of the study describe that there are six physical structures and four mental structures that are builders in the poem "Sergius Mencari Bacchus". There is also an explanation regarding each stanza in the poem "Sergius Mencari Bacchus" in relation to the value of Christian religiosity. With the research that has been done, new meanings and understandings have been found regarding the values ​​of Christian religiosity which are very strong in the poem. How can Indonesian society, which is predominantly Muslim, be unable to interpret the poem "Sergius Mencari Bacchus" and its relation to the history that happened to the two figures who are the object of the poem. Apart from being related to religious values, there are also historical values ​​that lie behind the story of the two figures.   Keywords: christianity, poetry, religiosity, inner structure, physical structure     Abstrak Puisi “Sergius Mencari Bacchus” karya Norman Erikson Pasaribu yang menjadi objek penelitian tersebut bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hal-hal terkait (1) struktur fisik dan batin puisi “Sergius Mencari Bacchus”, (2) aspek-aspek religiusitas Kristen dalam puisi “Sergius Mencari Bacchus”. Teknik pengumpulan data berdasar pada wujud bagian salah satu puisi dalam buku antologi puisi “Sergius Mencari Bacchus”. Teknik analisa yang digunakan berupa analisa dan juga pemaknaan terhadap data yang menjadi subjek kajiannya, serta penekanannya pada analisa nilai religiusitas yang terkandung didalamnya. Hasil penelitian menjabarkan adanya enam struktur fisik serta empat struktur batin pembangun dalam puisi “Sergius Mencari Bacchus”. Terdapat juga penjabaran terkait tiap bait dalam puisi “Sergius Mencari Bacchus” dalam kaitannya dengan nilai religiusitas Kristen. Dengan adanya penelitian yang telah dilakukan ditemukan pemaknaan dan pemahaman baru terkait nilai religiusitas Kristen yang sangat kental dalam puisi tersebut. Bagaimana dalam masyarakat Indonesia yang mayoritas beragama Islam kurang dapat memaknai puisi “Sergius Mencari Bacchus” serta kaitannya dengan sejarah yang terjadi pada dua tokoh yang menjadi objek dari puisi tersebut. Selain terkait dengan nilai religiusitas terdapat juga nilai sejarah yang melatar belakangi penceritaan dua tokoh tersebut.   Kata kunci: kristen, puisi, religiusitas, struktur batin, struktur fisik

Dortin Ambalinggi; Ribka Ribka; Novrika Krisela Rantemada; Ribka Parrangan; Joyce Septikaris Ma'guling +1 more

Jurnal Pendidikan Agama dan Teologi 2023 International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Christian Religious Education plays an important role in Forming an Attitude of Tolerance and Appreciating Diversity in Society because it is in the Religious Education Process that the process of forming an attitude based on the values of Christ continues to be echoed. This writing method uses literature studies, namely collecting various sources concerning theories that are studied based on existing topics and problems. The results of the research show that Christian Religious Teachers hold the basic principles of teaching based on the Bible. Christian Religious Teachers are the main pillars in the process of forming an attitude of Tolerance and Respect for diversity. The things that can be done by religious teachers in this case are teachers can become coaches, Friends, Facilitators to instill this attitude so that later we will see diversity in a circle that plural social  

Luthfi Hana Fadiah; Ateng supriyatna

JURNAL RISET RUMPUN ILMU HEWANI 2023 Pusat riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Lebah madu memainkan peran penting dalam mendukung kesejahteraan manusia dan alam. Beberapa tugas lebah madu meliputi penyerbukan tanaman, produksi madu, dan pengendalian iritasi. Lebah berperan dalam pembuahan tanaman sebagai penyerbuk sehingga dapat menghasilkan buah dan biji yang berkualitas. Lebah juga menghasilkan madu yang memiliki banyak manfaat bagi kesehatan manusia. Lebah madu juga dapat membantu mengendalikan populasi iritasi pada tanaman dengan mengejar atau mengganggu aktivitas pengganggu. Lebah berperan penting dalam rantai makanan sebagai sumber makanan, menyediakan makanan bagi sejumlah hewan lain, termasuk burung, mamalia kecil, dan serangga. Akibatnya, peran lebah dalam pertanian dan lingkungan sangat penting untuk mendukung kesehatan manusia dan kelestarian lingkungan. Dalam hal ini, kelimpahan dan keragaman spesies lain dalam ekosistem sangat dipengaruhi oleh keberadaan lebah.

Rustam Rustam; Muhammad Amri; Indo Santalia

jurnal Riset Rumpun Agama dan Filsafat 2023 Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Secara historis pergulatan panjang yang menjadi penyebab tercetusnya aliran teologi yang berbeda dalam umat islam bermula pada persoalan politik tanpa menyinggung agama dan berakhir menjadi perpecahan, bukannya menjadi partai politik belakangan yang timbul adalah partai agama dengan membawa dalil yang mengukuhkan pendapat masing-masing hingga melahirkan sejarah kelam dimana antar sesama umat islam saling memerangi atas dasar perbedaan pandangan politik, dengan membawa dalil yang berbeda. Bermula dari terbunuhnya khalifah Usman bin Affan, berlanjut pada perang saudara Antara Mu’awiyah dan Sahabat Ali yang menyebabkan terbunuhnya khalifah Ali, sehingga menyebabkan perpecahan pada umat islam yang mulanya persoalan imamah dan berakhir pada pergulatan politik agama yang berimbas pada perbedaan pandangan dalam teologi. Untuk memahami sejarah dan latar belakang perkembangan ilmu teologi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dalam menjelaskan sejarah teologi.