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This study looks at 1) the typical math problem-solving mistakes students make using the Newmann procedure after learning with digital books through guided discovery, 2) errors related to how independent students are in their learning, and 3) how independent students are in their learning after using the guided discovery model. Analysis is descriptive in this research. This research included SMPS Dharma Patra grade VIII students. Data analysis indicated that 1) students made the most errors in solving mathematical problems-solving problems based on the Newmann procedure after the guided discovery learning model using digital books was applied: high-category students made encoding errors, and medium-category students made process skill errors and writing errors. 2) Moderate learning independence pupils make 20% transformation mistakes, 80% process skill errors, and 90% writing errors. Students with limited learning independence make 66.67% comprehension errors, 77.78% transformation errors, 100% process skill errors, and 100% final response writing errors. In addition, 36.67% of high-learning independence kids satisfied all criteria. Moderate learning independence students meet four to five markers at 33.34%. Low learning independence students meet one to three markers at 30%.

The study aimed to identify and analyze the errors made by seventh-grade students at SMP Dwijendra Denpasar in pronouncing certain English consonants, which are essential components of their target language learning. The study specifically focuses on the student’s articulation of six English contoid consonants: [ʃ], [ʧ], [θ], [ʒ], [ʤ], and [ð]. A qualitative descriptive method was applied in this research, involving several stages: collecting data from the students as research subjects, organizing and constructing the data for analysis, interpreting the results, and drawing relevant conclusions. The research findings revealed that no students could pronounce the targeted consonants accurately according to standard English pronunciation norms. The articulation errors were mainly caused by various influencing factors, including interlingual transfer, where the students’ first language interferes with their pronunciation of English sounds, and intralingual factors, which refer to difficulties arising from the complexities within the English language. However, the mispronunciation of key consonant sounds created misunderstandings and affected the clarity of their spoken language. As a result, these errors posed a challenge in achieving effective oral communication as a critical aspect of mastering a second language. The findings emphasized the importance of addressing these pronunciation challenges through targeted interventions and improved teaching strategies to enhance students’ language proficiency and communication skills.  

This research aims to find out how the creativity of Gen Z influences the process of reinterpreting Arabic in the context of modern learning, and to what extent the role of AI can support this process. This research uses the literature study method by analysing relevant articles to understand the concept of AI's role in gen z creativity and Arabic language reinterpretation in the learning process. Meanwhile, this research shows that the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Arabic language learning is efficient and helpful in supporting the learning process. Among them can help search for materials, references, questions, journals/articles, and digital books, increase students' learning motivation because it is fun and exciting, support language practice and understanding, help practice speaking, writing, and get grammar explanations instantly, correct errors quickly, translate Arabic texts, help data analysis and understand the context of Arabic texts, support conversation exercises, provide feedback and reference sources and learning aids with features that enrich the Arabic language learning process.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the application of Indonesian language rules and analyze phonological and morphological errors. Indonesian as the official language of the country is able to unite various ethnicities and cultures spread throughout the country. Teaching Indonesian does not only focus on language rules, but also provides a solid foundation for students to develop their communication skills. The method in this study uses the library research method or can be called library research. This method is used by collecting data by analyzing or reading a book, journal, document analysis, other literature studies to analyze things that are relevant to the topic being discussed. This method is used because it is to explore theories about how to apply phonology and morphology and how to analyze errors that occur in phonology and morphology. In this library research, the author collects data and studies it gradually and analyzes theories in books, journals, and other literature studies.

Language plays a crucial role in the academic world as a tool for communicating ideas and information systematically. In writing academic texts such as research proposals, the use of proper grammar in accordance with academic conventions is a fundamental aspect that must be considered. Good grammar enhances the readability of a study and clarifies the author’s intentions and objectives. Conversely, grammatical errors may lead to ambiguity, reduce the credibility of the research, and hinder readers’ understanding. This study aims to analyze the grammatical structure of a research proposal titled "Innovative Mirror Neuron Approach Based on Gender for Character Development and Scientific Communication to Support the SDGs in the Era of Society 5.0", focusing on the introductory chapter. Using a qualitative approach with textual analysis, the study examines morphological, syntactic, and discourse-level aspects of the proposal. The findings reveal that while the text generally meets academic writing standards, there are several areas that require improvement, particularly in sentence structure, conjunction usage, clarity of meaning, punctuation, and terminological consistency. This research highlights the importance of grammar mastery in academic writing and offers recommendations to enhance the linguistic quality of research proposals among students.

This study aims to describe the difficulties of mathematics education students in solving mathematical induction problems in terms of concept understanding and calculation aspects. This type of research is descriptive using a qualitative approach. Based on the results of data processing, conclusions can be drawn, namely: (1) Concept errors, namely errors made by students because they do not understand the concept well. (2) Strategy error, which is an error that occurs because students choose the wrong way to work. (3) Calculation errors, namely errors in performing mathematical operations. Systematic errors, which are errors related to the wrong selection of extrapolation techniques. (4) Of the 10 mathematics education students, the data description of the research results shows an average in the normal category, namely 53%. Translated with DeepL.com (free version).

This research aims to describe students' difficulties in solving equations and inequalities. This type of research is descriptive using a qualitative approach. Based on the discussion and research results, it can be concluded that the errors that students often make in this material are errors at the reading and transformation stages. In addition, students also often make mistakes at the process skill stage, namely errors in understanding the problem, understanding the concept, determining the correct formula, and performing the calculation process. The factors that cause students to make mistakes are that students are less precise in determining known and questionable information, less precise in compiling problem solving steps, less precise in using formulas, less precise in writing the steps of completion, less precise in performing correct calculations, not determining the conclusion of what is asked, and not re-examining the results of the answers that have been done.

Communication is the process of exchanging information, ideas, thoughts, and feelings between individuals or groups through the use of words, signs, or actions. This process can take place verbally or non-verbally and involves various media and channels, such as face-to-face conversations, writing, gestures, facial expressions, and digital technology. This research was conducted at STMIK Kaputama Binjai, namely the WhatsApp group between lecturers and students. This study uses the Support Vector Machine (SVM) method. SVM is a type of supervised learning machine learning that requires sample data. Support Vector Machine (SVM) is an algorithm developed by Boser, Guyon, and Vapnik in 1992. Support Vector Machine (SVM) has a concept that is combined with previous computational theories. This method can transform training data into higher dimensions using non-linear patterns. The results of the Support Vector Machine method classification with a total of 16 positive sentiments, 40 neutral sentiments and 71 negative sentiments. Accuracy value 67%, margin error 39%. Positive prediction precision 75%, neutral prediction precision 83% and negative prediction precision 88%..

This study aims to identify and analyze language errors in the Discrete Mathematics book, which may affect the clarity and comprehension of the presented material. The analysis focuses on capitalization, punctuation, word usage, and sentence structure. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method with a literature study approach. Data were collected through in-depth reading and recording of linguistic errors found in the book's text. The results indicate that errors such as improper capitalization, punctuation mistakes, inaccurate word choices, and ineffective sentence structures can hinder the understanding of discrete mathematics concepts. Therefore, linguistic improvements are necessary to enhance the book's effectiveness and quality as a teaching material. These revisions are also expected to increase the book’s academic credibility as a reference for students and scholars.

This study aims to identify and analyze language errors in the Discrete Mathematics book, which may affect the clarity and comprehension of the presented material. The analysis focuses on capitalization, punctuation, word usage, and sentence structure. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method with a literature study approach. Data were collected through in-depth reading and recording of linguistic errors found in the book's text. The results indicate that errors such as improper capitalization, punctuation mistakes, inaccurate word choices, and ineffective sentence structures can hinder the understanding of discrete mathematics concepts. Therefore, linguistic improvements are necessary to enhance the book's effectiveness and quality as a teaching material. These revisions are also expected to increase the book’s academic credibility as a reference for students and scholars.

Pronunciation is one of the determiner aspects in English as it can change the meaning of the words and sentences. This research discusses the analysis of errors in the pronunciation of triphthongs in words and sentences in English. The research was aimed to know the types of triphthongs often mispronounced in the pronunciation of words and sentences in English among second semester students in class A of Speaking for workplace communication lecture at English study program of Madiun State Polytechnic. The quantitative were used after being collected from the assignments and pronunciation tests for several words and sentences containing triphthongs during the research. The research results are described in percentages. The diphthong errors that students often make are //aʊə /= 34.6%, /aɪə /= 31.8%, /ɔɪə /= 20%, /əʊə/= 9%, and /eɪə/= 4.6%. Errors that occurred in the classification of substitutions = 43.64%, insertions = 32.73%, and omissions = 23.63%. The errors occur due to the influence of inter-language and intra-language factors of the students.

TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal 1 Bengkulu is an early childhood education institution that still manages administrative and academic processes manually, such as recording student data, admitting new learners, and assessing learning outcomes. This has the potential to cause recording errors, data loss, and delays in information processing. This research aims to design a web-based school information system that can help manage school data and information in a computerized manner. The system includes student management, payment, assessment, and school profile modules. The methods used in designing this system include observation, interview, and literature study. System requirements analysis was conducted to identify the needs of users, both school managers and the community. The system was developed using Codeigniter 3 framework and MySQL database. It is expected that this system can improve the efficiency and accuracy of data management and accelerate the delivery of real-time information.

This study aims to analyze errors in the use of Enhanced Spelling (EYD) in writing explanatory texts by grade 6 elementary school (SD) students. Explanatory text is an important type of text in learning Indonesian, but students often make mistakes in using EYD when writing this text. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods with content analysis and interview techniques. Data were obtained from explanatory texts written by 6th grade elementary school students and the results of interviews with the principal, homeroom teacher, and 15 students. The research results show that students still make many mistakes in using EYD, especially in the use of capital letters, punctuation and writing words. This error is caused by students' lack of understanding about EYD, lack of practice in writing explanatory texts, lack of teacher attention to EYD teaching, and lack of support from the home environment. This research recommends that teachers pay more attention to EYD teaching, provide regular explanatory text writing practice to students, increase collaboration with parents, and create a learning environment that is conducive to the development of students' writing skills.

The maritime industry operates in a complex, rapidly evolving global environment where decision-making accuracy is critical for operational efficiency, sustainability, and risk mitigation. Traditionally, maritime leadership has relied heavily on experience-based decision-making, often leading to cognitive biases and strategic inefficiencies. This study examines the role of scientific paradigms in managerial decision-making, emphasizing how structured epistemological reasoning enhances strategic accuracy and reduces decision-making errors. This research provides original value by addressing the limited integration of structured decision-making models in maritime leadership, which has been largely overlooked in previous studies. While scientific reasoning has transformed decision-making in industries such as finance and healthcare, its application in maritime management remains underdeveloped. The study explores the following research questions: To what extent do scientific paradigms influence managerial decision-making in maritime leadership? How can structured reasoning reduce bias and improve decision accuracy? Using a qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with maritime experts, lecturers, and postgraduate students, followed by thematic analysis and comparative evaluation. Results indicate that structured decision frameworks significantly improve managerial effectiveness, yet barriers such as industry conservatism and limited competency development hinder widespread adoption. The study concludes that integrating scientific reasoning into maritime leadership training programs can enhance decision accuracy, promote evidence-based management, and ensure sustainable strategic planning.

Along with the advancement of time, technology in the era of globalization demands that humans work more professionally, and it is required in various fields or public institutions and organizations that use computers to support operational activities and internet networks across different levels of society. SMP Negeri 4 Mauliru is one of the Junior High Schools located in Mauliru Village, Kambera District, East Sumba Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. This school has a mission to improve the quality of education and always strives to provide quality guidance to its students. The payment of the Committee Fund is an agreement among the parents or guardians of students to support the school's needs that are not covered by the BOS (School Operational Assistance) funds. One of the school's operational activities that is essential for supporting the Committee Fund payment system still uses a conventional system, particularly in the preparation and payment of the committee fund, where a ledger book is still used for recording payments. This results in a long process and frequent errors in ledger book entries. The Committee Fund is a recurring payment that students must pay to the school once a month. The purpose of this research is to create a Web-Based Committee Fund Payment Information System at SMP Negeri 4 Mauliru to facilitate the school treasurer in recording committee fund payments in the ledger book. This research uses the waterfall development method. Waterfall is the most commonly used software development model. Several stages in the waterfall model include: Analysis, Design, Implementation, Testing, and Maintenance. Based on the results obtained, the average value of 70% falls within the "acceptable" range with a grade scale of "C" and adjective ratings in the "OK" category. Thus, the developed payment information system is suitable for simplifying the committee payment process for students.

This study aims to analyze spelling errors in the use of Indonesian on social media platforms, focusing on a case study of Twitter menfess (X) of Veteran National Development University students in East Java. Social media has become a popular means of communication among students, but the use of Indonesian often uses non-standard language and the use of incorrect spelling. The method used in this study is qualitative descriptive analysis, in which 20 data were collected from menfess posted by students on Twitter (X) during a certain period. The results of the analysis show that there are many spelling errors in the college students' menfess posts on Twitter (X). The findings show that, although university students have an understanding of Indonesian language, the influence of social media and fast communication habits can cause a decline in language quality. This research is expected to provide insights for the development of language policy among university students, as well as raising awareness of the importance of good and correct language use in the digital era.

This article discusses various types of supervision in Islamic education, which aim to improve the quality of teaching and learning. Supervision in Islamic education focuses not only on academic aspects, but also on the development of students' character and spirituality. The types of supervision discussed include administrative supervision, pedagogical supervision, and spiritual supervision. By providing concrete examples of practices in Islamic schools, this article shows how each type of supervision can be applied effectively to achieve holistic educational goals.types of supervisors often found in the environment. By identifying the characteristics of each type, readers are expected to understand the important role of supervisors in improving team performance. Through an analysis of concrete news related to supervisor behavior, this article also evaluates spelling errors that often appear in official communication, and provides recommendations for improvement. This study aims to raise awareness of the importance of effective communication

This study aims to analyze the errors in the use of the numerals "er" and "liang" by class VII students of SMP Wahidin in the academic year 2023/2024. This study uses a qualitative research method with elicitation and interview techniques to describe the types of errors and factors causing errors made by class VII students of SMP Wahidin in the academic year 2023/2024. The results of the data analysis prove that students still make many mistakes in using the numerals "er" and "liang". The types of errors made by class VII students of SMP Wahidin when using the numerals "er" and "liang" consist of 178 selection errors, 80 sequencing errors, 4 addition errors and 2 subtraction errors. While the factors causing errors consist of mother tongue interference as many as 12 people, lack of discussion of the material as many as 2 people, Mandarin language learning strategies as many as 2 people and teachers who are not serious in teaching as many as 8 people.

This study aims to analyze the errors in the use of the numerals "er" and "liang" by class VII students of SMP Wahidin in the academic year 2023/2024. This study uses a qualitative research method with elicitation and interview techniques to describe the types of errors and factors causing errors made by class VII students of SMP Wahidin in the academic year 2023/2024. The results of the data analysis prove that students still make many mistakes in using the numerals "er" and "liang". The types of errors made by class VII students of SMP Wahidin when using the numerals "er" and "liang" consist of 178 selection errors, 80 sequencing errors, 4 addition errors and 2 subtraction errors. While the factors causing errors consist of mother tongue interference as many as 12 people, lack of discussion of the material as many as 2 people, Mandarin language learning strategies as many as 2 people and teachers who are not serious in teaching as many as 8 people.

The manual payment system for Education Development Contributions (SPP) and student savings at SMP Putra Bangsa faces various obstacles, such as recording errors, loss of proof of payment, and difficulty tracking transaction history. This study aims to develop a web-based information system to overcome these problems. The research method involves needs analysis, system design using the Unified Modeling Language (UML), and web-based implementation. The results show that the designed system can simplify the transaction process, improve recording accuracy, and provide transparent access for students, homeroom teachers, and administration. This system is also able to produce real-time financial reports to support management decision making.