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The purpose of this study is to test the validity, level of practice, and effectiveness of PPT media in the form of hyperlinks to improve the learning outcomes of grade V students of SDN Ngepon 1. The research method is Research and Development (RnD) and the ADDIE method consists of stages in Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate. The results of the validation of the media validator are 86.6%, the material validator is 96.3%, the language and number validator is 88.8%, the results of the teacher questionnaire are 87%, while the student questionnaire is 95% of 31 students. Indicates that the results of the study are valid assessments of PPT media with effective values, and product trials.

This study aims to overcome the problem of PE learning at SDN Petemon Surabaya, especially for grade 4 who have difficulty understanding the material due to lack of direct experience. One solution offered is seeing the effectiveness through learning outcomes and student responses after the implementation of the modified fort game. This study is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) with two cycles, each consisting of planning, implementation, and reflection. The aim is to find out whether the game modification can improve student learning outcomes and how students respond to this method. The results of the study showed a significant increase in student learning outcomes. In cycle I, the average learning outcome reached 57.06, while in cycle II it increased to 88.62, with an increase of 31.56. Learning completion also increased from 41.87% in cycle I to 86.20% in cycle II. The number of students who completed the course increased from 12 to 25 students, with an increase in the percentage of completion of 44.33%. Meanwhile, student responses through questionnaires also showed high enthusiasm. Overall, the modification of the fort game proved effective in improving learning outcomes in physical fitness material, with positive student responses.

This research aims to analyze the Arabic language learning outcomes of class VIII students at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Zaytun Indramayu based on study habits. The research approach used is qualitative, with data collection methods through observation, interviews, documentation and questionnaires involving Arabic teachers, students and dormitory administrators. Based on the research results, it was found that student learning outcomes were in the good category with an average score of 90, as measured through daily tests. Student study habits are demonstrated through discipline in preparation and attendance in class. However, there are several aspects of study habits that require improvement, such as structured study routines, deeper understanding of the material, interest in reading, and effective note-taking habits. Overall, student learning outcomes remain in the good category.

This research is classroom action research that aims to improve learning outcomes in Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS). The topic is changing forms of energy in class IV-B students, SDN Pakis 01 Surabaya. The number of students in the class consists of 25. The data collection method used consists of observation, tests, and documentation. The learning model applied is problem-based learning (PBL). The research results show that the learning model Problem-Based Learning (PBL) can significantly improve student learning outcomes in science subjects. The pre-cycle results showed a completion rate of 32%; in cycle 1, it increased to 56%, and then in cycle 2, it increased to 80%. Implementation of learning models (problem-based learning) has succeeded in achieving the expected targets and can effectively improve student learning outcomes, especially in class IV-B at SDN Pakis 1 Surabaya in the 2024-2025 academic year. The learning model of problem-based learning (PBL) is also known for its effectiveness in building students' critical thinking skills so that it can help make the learning process easier.    

Cooperative learning is an approach that has been proven effective in increasing student engagement and collaboration skills. Although it offers many advantages, its implementation often faces various challenges faced by both teachers and students. These challenges include differences in ability between students in a group, lack of active participation from some students, dominance of certain students in discussions, and difficulties in evaluating learning outcomes fairly. In addition, low student motivation and limited time and technology are also obstacles in implementing cooperative learning. To overcome these problems, it is important for teachers to manage groups well, develop leadership skills among students, and implement fair assessments both individually and in groups. Effective use of technology and ongoing training for teachers are also essential to support the success of cooperative learning.

This study explores the implementation of the peer feedback method in improving the learning outcomes of grade VIII students in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) subjects at SMP Negeri 7 Kota Bangun Seberang. Using the Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach, this study aims to improve student engagement and learning outcomes through active participation in providing feedback to others. This method was chosen to overcome student boredom with conventional learning methods such as lectures. The results of the study indicate that the application of peer feedback can improve students' understanding and motivation to learn. The research process involved two cycles of action including planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Data collected through observation and testing were analyzed descriptively qualitatively and quantitatively. The findings showed a significant increase in student learning activities and learning outcomes, indicating that the peer feedback method is effective in facilitating collaborative and supportive learning. This study concludes that peer feedback not only functions as an assessment tool, but also as a means of developing students' character and communication skills.  

Students often have difficulty understanding the concepts of Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS), especially at the elementary school level. This difficulty is caused by the lack of variety of learning methods that are capable and attract students to actively participate in learning activities. The aim of this research is to determine the improvement in learning outcomes of class IV C students in the elastic movement material in science and science lessons. This research applies the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model which uses Mystery Box media. This research uses the Classroom Action Research (PTK) method which consists of two cycles. The instruments used include pretest and posttest as well as observation sheets. The data was analyzed descriptively quantitatively to measure the increase in learning outcomes from one cycle to the next. The research results show that implementing PjBL with Mystery Box media improves student learning outcomes. In the first cycle, there was significant improvement, although some students had not reached the target. In the second cycle, learning outcomes continued to improve, with the majority of students reaching or exceeding the KKM. The percentage obtained from the pretest and posttest results was from 56.73% to 74.62%.  

This research aims to improve students' learning experience in Pancasila education through interactive video media at SDN 1 Pakis Surabaya. The research used a spiral-based PTK method with a total of 25 students, with a focus on planning, action, observation and reflection. The research results show a significant increase in,  student learning outcomes after video interactivity. This research shows that the use of interactive videos in the Pancasila education program at SDN 1 Pakis Surabaya significantly improves student learning outcomes. Based on the data collected, it appears that the use of interactive videos can improve students' understanding of the material, especially on teacher-led learning topics that prioritize good behavior in the surrounding environment. The increase in learning outcomes as seen from the average student score from 68 to 75 shows that this media is effective in helping students meet the Minimum Completion Criteria (KKM) that have been set. with a percentage in the initial condition of 41%, in cycle I which was proven to be 83%, and the percentage in cycle II was 100%. In addition, every student succeeded in achieving the learning objectives in cycle II, with a statistically significant average increase. Observations also showed that student activity and motivation increased, indicating that interactive videos had a positive impact on both academic performance and behavior.    

This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of students in class IV-A in IPAS subjects, especially on the material of friction and muscle force, by using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) Learning Model at SDN Pakis 1 Surabaya. This research is a Classroom Action Research (PTK) conducted in two cycles, each of which consists of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. The subjects of this study were 28 students of class IV-A. The instruments used include learning outcome tests to measure students' understanding of the material taught. The results showed a significant increase in student learning outcomes. At the pre-cycle stage, only 39% of students achieved mastery, while 61% of students were not yet complete. After the implementation of PBL, in cycle 1 student completeness increased to 71%, and in cycle 2 all students reached completeness with a percentage of 100%. PBL proved to be effective in improving students' understanding of the concepts of friction and muscle force through problem solving that is relevant to everyday life. Thus, the application of Problem Based Learning (PBL) can significantly improve student learning outcomes in IPAS subjects, especially in understanding abstract concepts such as force. This method is also effective in developing students' critical and collaborative thinking skills.  

This Classroom Action Research aimed to enhance the mathematics learning outcomes of fourth-grade students at SDN Pakis 01 Surabaya in understanding the multiplication of whole numbers up to 100. The study involved 27 students. Data was collected through observation, tests, and documentation. The cooperative learning model, Teams Games Tournament (TGT), was implemented. Results indicated a significant improvement in students' mathematics achievement, particularly in multiplication, following the implementation of TGT. The percentage of students achieving mastery increased from 37.04% in the pre-cycle to 85.19% in Cycle II. This substantial improvement suggests that TGT effectively created an active, collaborative, and engaging learning environment, motivating students to participate more actively in the learning process. Furthermore, there was a notable increase in the class average across cycles. The implementation of TGT successfully achieved the research objective of enhancing students' understanding of the multiplication concept. Therefore, it is recommended that the TGT model be considered as an alternative to improve the quality of mathematics education in elementary schools.    

Learning outcomes are a unit of value that is a benchmark in determining the success of learning. This low learning outcome can be caused by two factors, namely internal factors and external factors. Therefore, this research discusses the effectiveness of problem solving models on student learning outcomes.   This research aims to determine the effectiveness of the problem solving learning model on the mathematics learning outcomes of class V students at SD Negeri 80 Palembang. This type of research is a quasi experimental design with a nonequivalent control group design type. The subject of this research is class V of SD Negeri 80 Palembang. This research data collection technique uses observation, tests and documentation. The data analysis technique using hypothesis testing assisted by SPSS version 26 resulted in a tcount value of 2.115 > ttable 2.045 so it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in the learning outcomes of students using the problem solving model at SD Negeri 80 Palembang

This study endeavors to enhance the scientific learning results of sixth graders at SDN Jajar Tunggal III/452 Surabaya by using the Problem Based Learning pedagogical approach with the support of wordwall media, with a focus on global Indonesian cultural heritage materials. Two rounds of classroom action research have been conducted. Class VI-A students from SDN Jajar Tunggal III/452 Surabaya in the 2024–2025 school year were the focus of this investigation.  This study use (1) as its method of data collecting.  Second observation. Recordings, three. Interview. The proportion of classical student learning outcomes that fell into the "very low" category was 32.14% before the cycle began, 67.85% during the first cycle, and 100% during the second cycle. Compared to the first cycle's assessment, the second cycle's outcomes were better. With an average final score of 85.55, the assessment findings for cycle II of classical learning completion attained 100%. The results show that in the 2024–2025 school year, students in class VI–A at SDN Jajar Tunggal III/452 Surabaya may benefit from using the problem-based learning approach with wordwall medium to study world-class Indonesian cultural heritage.

The aim of this research is to explain how to use plastic balls filled with sand to improve the ability of students at SMPN 11 Surabaya in Semampir District, Surabaya City in shot put. Classroom action research is the subject of this research. Planning, action, observation/evaluation, and reflection are the steps taken to obtain accurate information. This research involved in 1st grade students at SMPN 11 Surabaya. The data collection method used was observation and shot put tests with a back to back and side to side shot. Data analysis involves reducing data, conveying data, and drawing conclusions. The results of the research show that using plastic balls filled with sand can improve the ability of 1st grade students at SMPN 11 Surabaya in shot put. This is proven by the increase in shot put learning outcomes before being given action with a low category/score increasing to a high category.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of applying the cooperative learning model of the TGT type with the aid of Educaplay in improving students' learning outcomes in the IPAS subject. This Classroom Action Research (CAR) was conducted at SDN Jajar Tunggal III Surabaya. The learning outcomes of the IPAS topic on Diseases Affecting the Musculoskeletal System during the pre-cycle, cycle I, and cycle II showed a significant improvement. In the pre-cycle, the mastery achieved was only 29%, with 8 students reaching mastery and 20 students not yet achieving it. In cycle I, the percentage of students reaching mastery rose to 61%, with 17 students achieving mastery and 11 students still not reaching it. In cycle II, the percentage of students achieving mastery soared to 86%. These data indicate that both cycles successfully improved students' learning outcomes by applying the TGT cooperative learning model with the help of Educaplay.

The purpose of this classroom action research is to use the problem-based learning paradigm to improve the skills of twenty-four fourth-grade students at SDN Pakis 1 Surabaya in producing transitive and intransitive sentences. Methods such as observation, testing, and documentation were used to collect data. Two phases formed this investigation. Students of class IV A improved their learning outcomes for the formation of transitive and intransitive sentences according to the classroom action research. In cycle I, the average score was 72, or 45%, or 11 students. In cycle II, it jumped to 80, or 83%, or 20 students. This study found that in the 2024-2025 academic year, students in class IV A at SDN Pakis 1 Surabaya were able to improve their capacity to create transitive and intransitive sentences by using the problem-based learning paradigm. Problem-Based Learning is known as a learning method that involves identifying a problem and then assigning students to solve it, thus making students more active and able to understand the material during the learning process. Transitive and Intransitive Sentences, Problem-Based Learning (PBL), Classroom Action Research, and Improving Student Learning Outcomes.

The goal of this study is to improve the mathematics learning outcomes of fifth-grade students in inclusive schools by applying the Jarimamatics approach of multiplying numbers from 6 to 9. This research was carried out at SDN 02 Taman Kota Madiun. The study method employed is Classroom Action study (PTK), which is conducted in two cycles. Each cycle includes planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this study were all eight class V pupils.Tests, observations, and documentation are some data collection approaches. The Jarimatika technique was used in this research to improve learning outcomes in mathematical multiplication. According to research data, the use of the Jarimatika technique can improve the multiplication skills of class V students. This is proven by an increase in student learning completion by 37.5% from cycle I to 75% in cycle II. Thus, using the Jarimatika approach can increase the accuracy of multiplication calculations for class V inclusive children. It is hoped that teachers can use the Jarimatika technique to improve mathematics learning in subsequent learning materials.

Learning is an active process carried out by individuals to experience behavioral changes through interaction with their surrounding environment. This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of Fiqh subjects for grade IV students of MIN 13 Magetan in the 2023/2024 academic year, especially on the material of the five obligatory prayers, through the application of discussion strategies in learning. The problem raised in this study is the low learning outcomes of students who have not reached the Minimum Completion Criteria (KKM). This research was conducted from March to April 2023 with the subject of teachers as implementers of discussion strategies and 40 grade IV students as students. The method used is Classroom Action Research (CAR), supported by observation data through assessment sheets. The results of the study showed that discussion strategies were effective in improving learning outcomes. In cycle I, the percentage of student learning completion classically reached 70% and was classified as incomplete. However, in cycle II there was an increase to 80%, which was included in the complete category. Thus, it can be concluded that the implementation of discussion strategies can have a positive impact on improving the Fiqh learning outcomes of grade IV students at MIN 13 Magetan in the 2023/2024 academic year.

The results of observations and interviews at MTs Negeri 2 Surabaya City showed that the achievement of the Minimum Completion Criteria (KKM) of 75 in the subject of Fiqh is still relatively low. The low learning outcomes of students are caused by the lack of focus during learning and the minimal use of learning media by teachers. The media used tend to be less varied, so that the learning process becomes monotonous and less interesting. This study aims to determine the application of snakes and ladders media in improving learning outcomes in the subject of Fiqh. The method used is Classroom Action Research (CAR) with 32 class VIII E students as research subjects. Data collection techniques are carried out through student learning outcomes and filling out observation sheets. Data are analyzed quantitatively and presented in percentage form. The results of the study show that the use of snakes and ladders media has a positive impact on improving student learning outcomes. In cycle I, the completion of learning outcomes reached 69%, and increased to 81% in cycle II. Thus, there is an increase of 12% between cycle I and cycle II. This shows that snakes and ladders media is effective in improving student learning outcomes in the subject of Fiqh.

This study aims to analyze the effect of problem-based learning (PBL) models on student learning outcomes in the material of force and motion. This study used a quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design. The research sample consisted of junior high school students who were divided into an experimental group with the PBL model and a control group with conventional learning. The results showed that students who learned with the PBL model had a deeper understanding of concepts and were able to apply concepts in solving everyday problems compared to the control group. The implications of this study confirm that the application of PBL can improve students' learning outcomes and critical thinking skills in physics learning.

This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of 5th-grade students at SD Negeri 21 Belinyu on the topic of the human circulatory system through the Use Of Studen Worksheets (LKPD). This research employs a Classroom Action Research (CAR) method, consisting of two cycles. Each cycle includes the stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this study were 22 students in the 5th grade. Data collected includes students’ test result, observations of student learning activities, and questionnaires on students’ responses to the use of LKPD. The results indicate that the use of LKPD significantly improves students’ learning outcomes. The average student score increased from 66,60 and in the first cycle to 72,05 in the second cycle. Additionally, student learning activities also improved, with students becoming more actively engaged in the learning process. The questionnaire results showed that students responded positively to the use of LKPD,finding it helpful in understanding the material. Therefor, the use of LKPD is proven to be effective in enhancing students’ learning outcomes on the topic of  the human circulatory system.